CN102426095A - Method for extracting fluctuation of rotating speed through impact analysis - Google Patents
Method for extracting fluctuation of rotating speed through impact analysis Download PDFInfo
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- CN102426095A CN102426095A CN2011103500477A CN201110350047A CN102426095A CN 102426095 A CN102426095 A CN 102426095A CN 2011103500477 A CN2011103500477 A CN 2011103500477A CN 201110350047 A CN201110350047 A CN 201110350047A CN 102426095 A CN102426095 A CN 102426095A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009429 distress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for extracting fluctuation of a rotating speed through impact analysis. The method comprises the following steps of: firstly, measuring a vibration signal of a rotating machine by using a sensor, detecting impacts from the vibration signal of the rotating machine, performing feature extraction and feature aggregation on impact waveforms, and separating falsely-detected noise and interference to acquire an instantaneous frequency curve of the impacts; secondly, modifying the instantaneous frequency curve by using a frequency variation law during impact omission; and finally, performing polynomial fitting on the curve to acquire a smooth impact frequency variation curve, and determining accurate fluctuation of the rotating speed according to certain information of a known rotating speed. In the method, fluctuation information of the rotating speed can be indirectly acquired by analyzing frequency variation generated by the impacts only by using certain statistic information of the rotating speed without continuous monitoring of the rotating speed, and then a fluctuation curve of the rotating speed can be acquired from the vibration signal to accurately diagnose faults of the rotating machine.
Description
Technical field
Patent of the present invention relates to a kind of recognition methods of rotating machinery fluctuation of speed situation, especially under the situation that lacks continuous rotation speed monitoring, obtains accurate rotation speed change information, and the fault of rotating machinery is made accurate method of diagnosing.
Background technology
Rotating machinery is in operation, because a variety of causes such as load variations can cause rotating speed near rated speed, to fluctuate.If fluctuation of speed scope is bigger, will cause negative effect to the running state analysis of mechanized equipment, for example can't accurately judge the characteristic frequency of bearing, gear distress etc.The general speed probe that uses comes rotating speed is carried out continuous monitoring, but this scheme needs special-purpose speed probe and corresponding data acquisition equipment, the on-the-spot relatively difficulty of installing also.
When rotating machinery is carried out vibration monitoring, in parts (bearing, gear etc.), exist under the situation of fault, tend to produce impact signal, the frequency that impact signal occurs is general relevant with rotating speed; Rotating speed is high more, and frequency of impact is high more.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of signal processing method from vibration and shock signal identification rotary speed information; Some statistical information through rotating speed; Analyze and impact the fluctuation information that the change of frequency that occurs to obtain indirectly rotating speed; Just can from vibration signal, obtain the curve of cyclical fluctuations of rotating speed, the fault of rotating machinery is made accurate diagnosis, change traditional needs and used speed probe to carry out the continuous monitoring mode.
The scheme that the present invention adopts is: the vibration signal that at first uses the sensor measurement rotating machinery; From the rotating machinery vibrating signal, detect and impact, the impact waveform carries out feature extraction and feature clustering, isolates the noise and the interference of flase drop; Obtain the instantaneous frequency curve of impact; Secondly utilize the change of frequency rule when impacting omission, revise the instantaneous frequency curve, at last this curve is carried out fitting of a polynomial and obtain smooth frequency of impact change curve; According to some information of known speed, confirm the accurate fluctuation of rotating speed.
Described method through the shock analysis extraction fluctuation of speed, in detecting the rotating machinery vibrating signal, through the method for amplitude threshold is set, the pulse intercepting that amplitude in the vibration signal is bigger is come out; , uses waveform character the K-Means cluster when being carried out cluster; When obtaining the instantaneous frequency of impacting, can calculate the time interval of adjacent twice impact according to the time of origin of true impact signal, thus the instantaneous frequency that obtains impacting; Some information according to known speed are sometime transient speed, maximum (top) speed or mean speed.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the present invention need not carry out continuous monitoring to rotating speed; Only need utilize some statistical information of rotating speed; Can impact the fluctuation information that the change of frequency that occurs to obtain indirectly rotating speed through analyzing; Just can from vibration signal, obtain the curve of cyclical fluctuations of rotating speed, the fault of rotating machinery is made accurate diagnosis.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 representes the vibration signal synoptic diagram that bearing fault impacts that comprises in the rotating machinery;
Fig. 2 representes detected surge waveform synoptic diagram from vibration signal;
Fig. 3 representes the major component characteristic synoptic diagram of surge waveform;
The noise synoptic diagram of the flase drop that Fig. 4 representes to comprise in the surge waveform;
Fig. 5 representes the true impact synoptic diagram that comprises in the surge waveform;
The instantaneous frequency synoptic diagram of the true impact that Fig. 6 representes to comprise in the surge waveform;
Fig. 7 representes through the impact instantaneous frequency of revising with by the smooth frequency of impact curve synoptic diagram of its match;
Fig. 8 representes that the rotor speed change curve is parallel to the frequency of impact curve synoptic diagram;
Among the figure: 1-impacts the instantaneous frequency curve; Frequency of impact curve after the 2-match; 3-frequency of impact curve; 4-fluctuation of speed curve.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is described further:
As shown in Figure 1, the vibration signal when there is fault in bearing in rotating machinery wherein includes very short shock pulse of duration.Through the amplitude threshold method is set, the pulse intercepting that amplitude in the vibration signal is bigger is come out.
As shown in Figure 2, these pulses are stacked together, can see that these waveforms are in a mess; The noise that wherein possibly comprise flase drop; Because noise is mixed and disorderly, impacting then has metastable waveform, and both take on a different character; Use some feature extracting methods to embody this species diversity more obvious, the major component characteristic of surge waveform as shown in Figure 3.
, the waveform character among Fig. 3 can use the K-Means cluster when being carried out cluster, 2 kinds of waveforms that obtain: the noise waveform that should cast out as shown in Figure 4 and real impact signal shown in Figure 5.
As shown in Figure 6, according to the time of origin of true impact signal among Fig. 5, calculate the time interval of adjacent twice impact, the instantaneous frequency that can obtain impacting.
Because the part impact signal is by noise takeover, true number of impacts is less than the actual impact number that comprises in the signal, causes omission.If between two impacts omission an impact, then the time interval between these two impacts is about 2 times of actual interval, frequency of impact drops to about 1/2 of actual value; Equally, if between two impacts omission two impacts, then the time interval of these two impacts is about 3 times of actual interval, the frequency of impact that calculates is about 1/3 of an actual value; And the like, if lost between two impacts
NIndividual impact, the frequency that can impact reduce to actual value 1/ (
N+1).As shown in Figure 6, many downward spikes have appearred on the impact instantaneous frequency curve.
Otherwise,, can recover the frequency of impact when having omission according to this corresponding relation.Negative peak point in the frequency of impact curve and contiguous instantaneous frequency point are compared, if this negative peak is near 1/ of near by frequency point
N(
NFor greater than 1 positive integer), then show to exist and impact omission, this negative peak multiply by
N, just obtain actual instantaneous frequency.
To the above-mentioned correction of instantaneous frequency curve among Fig. 5, can obtain the impact instantaneous frequency curve shown in 1 among Fig. 7.Again revised instantaneous frequency curve is carried out fitting of a polynomial, can obtain the frequency of impact curve of cyclical fluctuations smooth shown among Fig. 72.
Because impacting the frequency that produces is directly proportional with the rotating speed of rotor; The Changing Pattern that is frequency of impact is consistent with the change in rotational speed rule; Just have the difference on the numerical value, so fluctuation of speed curve is parallel to frequency of impact curve shown among Fig. 83 shown among Fig. 84.According to the Given information of rotating speed, sometime transient speed, maximum (top) speed or mean speed for example just can be confirmed among Fig. 84 corresponding ordinate positions according to both proportionate relationships, thereby obtain accurate rotation speed change curve.
The present invention describes through the practical implementation process; Without departing from the present invention; Can also carry out various conversion and be equal to replacement patent of the present invention; Therefore, patent of the present invention is not limited to disclosed practical implementation process, and should comprise the whole embodiments that fall in the Patent right requirement scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. the method through the shock analysis extraction fluctuation of speed is characterized in that: at first use the vibration signal of sensor measurement rotating machinery, from the rotating machinery vibrating signal, detect and impact; The impact waveform carries out feature extraction and feature clustering; Isolate the noise and the interference of flase drop, obtain the instantaneous frequency curve of impact, secondly utilize the change of frequency rule when impacting omission; Revise the instantaneous frequency curve; At last this curve is carried out fitting of a polynomial and obtain smooth frequency of impact change curve,, confirm the accurate fluctuation of rotating speed according to some information of known speed.
2. the method through the shock analysis extraction fluctuation of speed according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in detecting the rotating machinery vibrating signal, through the method for amplitude threshold is set, the pulse intercepting that amplitude in the vibration signal is bigger is come out.
3. the method through the shock analysis extraction fluctuation of speed according to claim 1 is characterized in that: when waveform character is carried out cluster, use the K-Means cluster.
4. the method for extracting the fluctuation of speed through shock analysis according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: can be when obtaining the instantaneous frequency of impacting according to the time of origin of true impact signal; Calculate the time interval of adjacent twice impact, thus the instantaneous frequency that obtains impacting.
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| CN2011103500477A CN102426095A (en) | 2011-11-08 | 2011-11-08 | Method for extracting fluctuation of rotating speed through impact analysis |
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| CN2011103500477A CN102426095A (en) | 2011-11-08 | 2011-11-08 | Method for extracting fluctuation of rotating speed through impact analysis |
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| CN102426095A true CN102426095A (en) | 2012-04-25 |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104931257A (en) * | 2015-06-17 | 2015-09-23 | 昆明理工大学 | Method used for extracting speed fluctuation through minimized signal spectrum information entropy |
| CN106053871A (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2016-10-26 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for rotation speed extraction through peeling off fault corresponding impact by employing rolling ball track |
| CN107843740A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-03-27 | 湖南大学 | It is a kind of to merge vibration and the rotating speed measurement method of voice signal spectrum signature |
| CN107907291A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-04-13 | 安徽容知日新科技股份有限公司 | A kind of impulse detection method and computing device |
| CN110349293A (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2019-10-18 | 深圳市智物联网络有限公司 | Engine abnormity shuts down detection method, system, device and storage medium |
| CN113933012A (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2022-01-14 | 西安现代控制技术研究所 | Propeller rotating speed measuring method based on K-means clustering |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104931257A (en) * | 2015-06-17 | 2015-09-23 | 昆明理工大学 | Method used for extracting speed fluctuation through minimized signal spectrum information entropy |
| CN104931257B (en) * | 2015-06-17 | 2017-09-22 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of method by minimizing the extraction fluctuation of speed of signal spectrum comentropy |
| CN106053871A (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2016-10-26 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for rotation speed extraction through peeling off fault corresponding impact by employing rolling ball track |
| CN107907291A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-04-13 | 安徽容知日新科技股份有限公司 | A kind of impulse detection method and computing device |
| CN107843740A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-03-27 | 湖南大学 | It is a kind of to merge vibration and the rotating speed measurement method of voice signal spectrum signature |
| CN110349293A (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2019-10-18 | 深圳市智物联网络有限公司 | Engine abnormity shuts down detection method, system, device and storage medium |
| CN113933012A (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2022-01-14 | 西安现代控制技术研究所 | Propeller rotating speed measuring method based on K-means clustering |
| CN113933012B (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2024-01-30 | 西安现代控制技术研究所 | Propeller rotating speed measuring method based on K-means clustering |
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Application publication date: 20120425 |