CN114136855A - Method for judging shale pore connectivity, storage medium and computer equipment - Google Patents
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
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- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 89
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- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002429 nitrogen sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method, a storage medium and computer equipment for judging shale pore connectivity, wherein a nitrogen adsorption-desorption curve is obtained through low-pressure nitrogen adsorption analysis on a shale sample, a ratio is calculated according to the actual desorption amount of nitrogen and the theoretical maximum desorption amount under the relative pressure condition, the larger the ratio is, the better the connectivity is, and then a grade division limit value of the shale pore connectivity is established through a large amount of analysis data and experience to be used for judging the grade of the pore connectivity, so that the aim of quickly judging the shale pore connectivity is fulfilled. The shale gas reservoir evaluation method is low in analysis cost, simple, convenient and fast, is high in distinguishing speed, and can provide shale reservoir evaluation parameters for the shale gas exploration and development field in time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of oil-gas exploration and development, and relates to a method for rapidly judging shale pore connectivity, a storage medium and computer equipment.
Background
With the rapid development and continuous deepening of unconventional oil and gas exploration and development practices in China, resource evaluation of a hydrocarbon source rock layer system, particularly organic shale, gradually becomes important content of exploration and research, and besides shale organic matter abundance, rock mineral composition and shale physical property characteristics, pore type, development degree, pore connectivity characteristics and the like begin to become important research content of shale reservoir evaluation. A large number of researches show that the permeability, the fluid migration mode, the seepage characteristic, the pore effectiveness and the like of the shale are directly influenced by the connectivity of the shale pores, but due to the fact that the shale is extremely heterogeneous, the pore connectivity of different scales is very complex, the judgment of the pore connectivity is difficult, the adopted means is sophisticated, but the process is complicated and long, and therefore the method can be used for quickly and effectively judging the shale pore connectivity characteristic and has very important significance for exploration and development of shale gas.
However, the method for judging pore connectivity still basically adopts the fluid injection method of conventional reservoir research, firstly, plastic alloy or metal fluid and the like are injected into the shale pores under high pressure, then, the analysis is carried out by means of high-resolution field emission electron microscope, energy spectrum, micron CT and the like, and the judgment of the pore connectivity can be carried out through the distribution characteristics of metal ions in the pores because the difference between the imaging gray scale of the metal ions and minerals and organic matters is obvious.
The fluid injection method is a relatively common and effective method for researching shale pore connectivity at present, the analysis requirement of micron-level connected pores is basically met, but due to the wettability difference, alloy and metal fluid are often difficult to enter all inorganic pores and organic pores in shale development, particularly, the injection degree of micropores is relatively low, a high pressure condition is required during the injection of common wood alloy, the difficulty of a high-pressure melting injection process is relatively high, artificial cracks are easily generated, and the analysis effect of judging the shale pore connectivity in the development is not ideal and cannot be quantified.
The method comprises the steps of firstly obtaining a high-resolution reservoir digital image by utilizing an FIB-SEM three-dimensional imaging function, converting the digital image into a pore structure digital model for further analysis by utilizing the digital rock technology of shape, brightness, depth of field correction, phase discrimination and the like, providing a pore connectivity evaluation method based on the model, carrying out classification on pore connected domains, counting the connectivity of each level on the basis, extracting the connected domains, carrying out statistical analysis on parameters such as quantity, volume, shape and the like on specific connected domains, and further realizing quantitative characterization of pore space. The method can realize quantitative evaluation of pore connectivity within a certain scale range, but is greatly influenced by the resolution of the microscopic imaging technology, the post-processing data is complex, the process is complicated, the human error is obvious, the cost is high, the period is long, and the related data cannot be provided for the shale oil and gas development site in time.
Therefore, the two main methods have the defects of high labor intensity, high test and analysis cost, complex sample treatment and long analysis period, the actual requirements of shale gas exploration and development sites formulated by horizontal well design and fracturing schemes are difficult to meet, and a simple method capable of rapidly and effectively judging shale pore connectivity is urgently needed to be invented.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method, a storage medium and computer equipment for rapidly judging the pore connectivity of shale.
The invention provides a method for judging shale pore connectivity, which comprises the following steps:
obtaining a shale nitrogen adsorption lag coil;
determining the ratio of the actual desorption amount of the nitrogen to the theoretical maximum desorption amount under a certain relative pressure condition by using the shale nitrogen adsorption lag-back coil;
and judging the shale pore connectivity according to the ratio.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the obtaining shale nitrogen adsorption hysteresis loop comprises: the nitrogen adsorption capacity of the shale under different relative pressure conditions is determined through low-pressure nitrogen adsorption analysis on a shale sample, so that a shale nitrogen adsorption hysteresis loop is obtained.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the determination of the ratio of the actual desorption amount to the theoretical maximum desorption amount of the nitrogen under a certain relative pressure condition by using the shale nitrogen adsorption hysteresis loop coil comprises the following steps:
determining a first difference value between the maximum adsorption capacity and the actual adsorption capacity of a desorption curve under a certain relative pressure condition and a second difference value between the maximum adsorption capacity and the actual adsorption capacity of an adsorption curve under the same relative pressure condition by using the shale nitrogen adsorption hysteresis loop; wherein the maximum adsorption capacity is the adsorption capacity of the shale nitrogen adsorption hysteresis loop under the condition that the relative pressure is 1 atmosphere;
and calculating the ratio of the first difference to the second difference, wherein the ratio is the ratio of the actual desorption amount of the nitrogen to the theoretical maximum desorption amount under the relative pressure condition.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the specified relative pressure condition is greater than or equal to 0.45 and less than 1.0.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the relative pressure is preferably the relative pressure at which the difference between the desorption curve adsorption capacity and the adsorption curve adsorption capacity in the shale nitrogen adsorption hysteresis loop coil reaches the maximum.
According to the embodiment of the invention, judging the shale pore connectivity according to the size of the ratio comprises the following steps: and determining the grade of the shale pore connectivity according to the ratio.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the ratio is compared with a preset threshold interval, and the threshold interval to which the ratio belongs is judged; and judging the grade of the shale pore connectivity according to the judgment result.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the threshold end point of the threshold interval is determined by performing a rock sample nitrogen adsorption experiment.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the threshold end points of the threshold interval preferably include 0.2, 0.3, 0.4.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the ratio is less than 0.2, the level of shale pore connectivity is poor.
According to the embodiment of the invention, when the ratio is greater than 0.4, the grade of shale pore connectivity is excellent.
In addition, the present invention also provides a storage medium, in which a computer program is stored, and the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method for discriminating the shale pore connectivity as described above.
In addition, the invention also provides computer equipment comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by the processor to realize the steps of the method for judging the shale pore connectivity
Compared with the prior art, one or more embodiments in the above scheme can have the following advantages or beneficial effects:
the invention provides a method for efficiently, quickly and simply judging shale pore connectivity, which is completely different from an alloy or fluid injection method and a digital image processing and digital core technology characterization method which are usually adopted at present, a nitrogen adsorption-desorption curve is obtained through low-pressure nitrogen adsorption analysis on a shale sample, the ratio between the actual desorption amount and the theoretical maximum desorption amount of nitrogen under a certain relative pressure condition is calculated, the larger the ratio is, the better the connectivity is, further, a grade division boundary of the shale pore connectivity is established, and the effective judgment of the shale pore connectivity is quickly realized, for example, the judgment of being higher than 0.4 is that the pore connectivity is good, the judgment of being higher than 0.2-0.3 is that the pore connectivity is general, and the judgment of being lower than 0.2 is that the connectivity is poor. The method avoids the defects of high sample processing difficulty, high test and analysis cost, complex data processing process, long analysis period and the like of the conventional method. The shale gas reservoir evaluation method is low in analysis cost, simple, convenient and fast, is high in distinguishing speed, and can provide shale reservoir evaluation parameters for the shale gas exploration and development field in time.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by the practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining shale pore connectivity according to a first embodiment and a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an adsorption-desorption curve of shale low-pressure nitrogen used for judging shale pore connectivity in the third embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be provided with reference to the drawings and examples, so that how to apply the technical means to solve the technical problems and achieve the technical effects can be fully understood and implemented. It should be noted that, as long as there is no conflict, the embodiments and the features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other, and the technical solutions formed are within the scope of the present invention.
The adsorption-desorption curve of the low-pressure nitrogen rich in the organic shale forms a quite obvious hysteresis loop in the relative pressure range of 0.45-1.0 due to the condensation, and the characteristics of the hysteresis loop are closely related to the seepage threshold of the shale pores. On a shale nitrogen adsorption hysteresis loop, the difference between the maximum adsorption quantity and the adsorption quantity of a desorption curve under a certain relative pressure condition is the actual nitrogen desorption quantity, and the difference between the maximum adsorption quantity and the adsorption quantity of the adsorption curve under the relative pressure condition is the theoretical maximum desorption quantity if a pore is communicated with a sample external channel, so the ratio of the actual desorption quantity to the theoretical maximum desorption quantity reflects the connectivity characteristic of the shale pore.
Based on the principle, according to the difference characteristics of the nitrogen adsorption amount and the desorption amount on different shale nitrogen adsorption hysteresis loop coils under the same pressure condition, after an adsorption-desorption curve is obtained by carrying out low-pressure nitrogen adsorption measurement, the ratio between the actual desorption amount and the theoretical maximum desorption amount under a certain relative pressure condition can be obtained according to the shale nitrogen adsorption hysteresis loop coils, and then the shale sample series is compared and graded according to the ratio, so that effective, rapid and simple judgment of shale pore connectivity is realized.
Example one
Based on the above thought, as shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides a method for rapidly distinguishing shale pore connectivity, which includes the following steps:
firstly, a shale nitrogen adsorption hysteresis loop is obtained.
For example, the nitrogen adsorption capacity of shale under different relative pressure conditions is determined by performing a low-pressure nitrogen adsorption assay, so that a shale nitrogen adsorption hysteresis loop is obtained.
And then, determining the ratio of the actual desorption amount of the nitrogen to the theoretical maximum desorption amount under a certain relative pressure condition by using the shale nitrogen adsorption hysteresis loop, wherein the relative pressure is greater than or equal to 0.45 and less than 1.0.
The specific process is as follows:
determining a first difference value between the maximum adsorption capacity and the actual adsorption capacity of a desorption curve under a certain relative pressure condition and a second difference value between the maximum adsorption capacity and the actual adsorption capacity of an adsorption curve under the same relative pressure condition by using the shale nitrogen adsorption hysteresis loop; wherein the maximum adsorption capacity is the maximum value of the shale nitrogen adsorption hysteresis loop under the condition that the relative pressure is 1 atmosphere;
and calculating the ratio of the first difference to the second difference, wherein the ratio is the ratio of the actual desorption amount of the nitrogen to the theoretical maximum desorption amount under the relative pressure condition.
And finally, judging the shale pore connectivity according to the ratio.
Specifically, the larger the ratio, the better the shale pore connectivity.
Example two
Of course, the above-described embodiment is only an example of the idea of the present invention in concrete implementation. In fact, many variations are possible in light of the above teaching. For example, the present embodiment provides another method for rapidly discriminating shale pore connectivity, which includes the following steps:
firstly, a shale nitrogen adsorption hysteresis loop is obtained.
For example, the nitrogen adsorption capacity of shale under different relative pressure conditions is determined by performing a low-pressure nitrogen adsorption assay, so that a shale nitrogen adsorption hysteresis loop is obtained.
And then, determining the ratio of the actual desorption amount of the nitrogen to the theoretical maximum desorption amount under a certain relative pressure condition by using the shale nitrogen adsorption lag-back coil, wherein the relative pressure is preferably the relative pressure when the difference between the desorption curve adsorption amount and the adsorption curve adsorption amount in the shale nitrogen adsorption lag-back coil reaches the maximum.
The specific process is as follows:
determining a first difference value between the maximum adsorption capacity and the actual adsorption capacity of a desorption curve under a certain relative pressure condition and a second difference value between the maximum adsorption capacity and the actual adsorption capacity of an adsorption curve under the same relative pressure condition by using the shale nitrogen adsorption hysteresis loop; wherein the maximum adsorption capacity is the maximum value of the shale nitrogen adsorption hysteresis loop under the condition that the relative pressure is 1 atmosphere;
and calculating the ratio of the first difference to the second difference, wherein the ratio is the ratio of the actual desorption amount of the nitrogen to the theoretical maximum desorption amount under the relative pressure condition.
And finally, judging the shale pore connectivity according to the ratio.
In this embodiment, a threshold interval reflecting the difference (grade) in the pore connectivity of the shale may be determined by conducting a nitrogen adsorption experiment on the rock sample.
Therefore, judging the shale pore connectivity according to the ratio comprises the following steps:
comparing the ratio with a preset threshold interval, and judging the threshold interval to which the ratio belongs; and judging the grade of the shale pore connectivity according to the judgment result.
EXAMPLE III
The working principle of the present invention will be further explained below with reference to a specific application as shown in fig. 1.
The realization process for judging the pore connectivity of the drilling core shale comprises the following steps:
1) selecting about 5g of shale sample, crushing the shale sample in a rock crusher, and sieving the crushed shale sample to obtain sample particles of 40-60 meshes.
2) And performing a nitrogen adsorption test on the shale sample according to the NB/T14008-2015 standard to obtain a low-pressure nitrogen adsorption-desorption curve of the shale sample. Shale samples were previously degassed in a degasification station in a degasification environment of N2 at 150 ℃. All commercial nitrogen adsorbers can be implemented.
3) And selecting the length of the AB section and the AC section on the nitrogen adsorption hysteresis loop when the relative pressure is 0.7 to calculate the ratio (figure 1), wherein the larger the ratio is, the better the pore connectivity is, and thus the shale pore connectivity characteristic is rapidly judged.
The section AB represents the difference between the maximum adsorption capacity under a relative pressure of 1 atmosphere and the actual desorption capacity under a certain relative pressure (0.7 is used in this embodiment).
Wherein, the AC segment represents the difference between the maximum adsorption amount under the condition of a relative pressure of 1 atmosphere and the actual adsorption amount under the same relative pressure (0.7 is selected in the embodiment).
4) The LAB/LAC ratios obtained were further compared with empirical values of 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 obtained from a number of analyses.
Wherein, the pore connectivity is judged to be excellent when the pore connectivity is higher than 0.4, the pore connectivity is judged to be good between 0.2 and 0.3, the pore connectivity is judged to be general between 0.2 and 0.3, and the pore connectivity is judged to be poor when the pore connectivity is lower than 0.2.
Example four
In addition, to solve the technical problems in the prior art, embodiments of the present invention also provide a storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, where the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method for determining shale pore connectivity.
EXAMPLE five
In addition, in order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, embodiments of the present invention further provide a computer device, which includes a memory and a processor, where the memory stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by the processor to implement the steps of the above method for determining shale pore connectivity.
The invention aims to overcome the defects of complex judgment processing, complex analysis, high cost, long period and the like of the existing shale pore connectivity, adopts a technical idea completely different from the existing shale pore connectivity judgment, and provides a simple method capable of quickly and effectively judging the pore connectivity in shale, thereby meeting the field actual requirements of shale oil-gas exploration and development.
It should be noted that the method of the embodiment of the present invention may be executed by a single device, such as a computer or a server. The method of the embodiment can also be applied to a distributed scene and completed by the mutual cooperation of a plurality of devices. In the case of such a distributed scenario, one of the multiple devices may only perform one or more steps of the method according to the embodiment of the present invention, and the multiple devices interact with each other to complete the method.
Any process or method descriptions in flow charts or otherwise described herein may be understood as representing modules, segments, or portions of code which include one or more executable instructions for implementing specific logical functions or steps of the process, and alternate implementations are included within the scope of the preferred embodiment of the present invention in which functions may be executed out of order from that shown or discussed, including substantially concurrently or in reverse order, depending on the functionality involved, as would be understood by those reasonably skilled in the art of the present invention.
It should be understood that portions of the present invention may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, the various steps or methods may be implemented in software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, any one or combination of the following techniques, which are known in the art, may be used: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function on a data signal, an application specific integrated circuit having an appropriate combinational logic gate circuit, a Programmable Gate Array (PGA), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or the like.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps carried by the method for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware related to instructions of a program, which may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and when the program is executed, the program includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing module, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one module. The integrated module can be realized in a hardware mode, and can also be realized in a software functional module mode. The integrated module, if implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may also be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
The storage medium mentioned above may be a read-only memory, a magnetic or optical disk, etc.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above description is only for the convenience of understanding the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for judging the pore connectivity of shale comprises the following steps:
obtaining a shale nitrogen adsorption lag coil;
determining the ratio of the actual desorption amount of the nitrogen to the theoretical maximum desorption amount under a specified relative pressure condition by using the shale nitrogen adsorption lag-back coil;
and judging the shale pore connectivity according to the ratio.
2. The method for judging shale pore connectivity according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining shale nitrogen adsorption lag coil comprises:
the nitrogen adsorption capacity of the shale under different relative pressure conditions is determined through low-pressure nitrogen adsorption analysis on a shale sample, so that a shale nitrogen adsorption hysteresis loop is obtained.
3. The method for judging shale pore connectivity according to claim 1, wherein the determining a ratio of an actual desorption amount of nitrogen to a theoretical maximum desorption amount of nitrogen under a specified relative pressure condition by using the shale nitrogen adsorption lag coil comprises:
determining a first difference value between the maximum adsorption capacity and the actual adsorption capacity of a desorption curve under a specified relative pressure condition and a second difference value between the maximum adsorption capacity and the actual adsorption capacity of an adsorption curve under the same relative pressure condition by using the shale nitrogen adsorption hysteresis loop; wherein the maximum adsorption capacity is the adsorption capacity of the shale nitrogen adsorption hysteresis loop under the condition that the relative pressure is 1 atmosphere;
and calculating the ratio of the first difference to the second difference, wherein the ratio is the ratio of the actual desorption amount of the nitrogen to the theoretical maximum desorption amount under the relative pressure condition.
4. The method for discriminating shale pore connectivity according to claim 1, wherein the specified relative pressure condition is greater than or equal to 0.45 and less than 1.0.
5. The method for judging shale pore connectivity according to claim 3, wherein the relative pressure is a relative pressure at which a difference between an adsorption amount of a desorption curve and an adsorption amount of an adsorption curve in the shale nitrogen adsorption lag-back coil reaches a maximum.
6. The method for judging the shale pore connectivity according to claim 1, wherein judging the shale pore connectivity according to the ratio comprises:
and determining the grade of the shale pore connectivity according to the ratio.
7. The method for judging shale pore connectivity according to claim 6,
comparing the ratio with a preset threshold interval, and judging the threshold interval to which the ratio belongs;
and judging the grade of the shale pore connectivity according to the judgment result.
8. The method for judging shale pore connectivity according to claim 7, wherein the threshold end points of the threshold interval are determined by performing a rock sample nitrogen adsorption experiment, and the threshold end points of the threshold interval include 0.2, 0.3, 0.4; and when the ratio is less than 0.2, the grade of the shale pore connectivity is poor, and when the ratio is more than 0.4, the grade of the shale pore connectivity is excellent.
9. A storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, wherein the computer program, when being executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method for discriminating shale pore connectivity according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A computer apparatus comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program which, when executed by the processor, implements the steps of the method for discriminating shale pore connectivity as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.
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