CN114136855B - Method for judging shale pore connectivity, storage medium and computer equipment - Google Patents
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- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 122
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000002336 sorption--desorption measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 6
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- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003079 shale oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012850 discrimination method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002429 nitrogen sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/088—Investigating volume, surface area, size or distribution of pores; Porosimetry
- G01N15/0893—Investigating volume, surface area, size or distribution of pores; Porosimetry by measuring weight or volume of sorbed fluid, e.g. B.E.T. method
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for judging shale pore connectivity, a storage medium and computer equipment, which are characterized in that a nitrogen adsorption-desorption curve is obtained through low-pressure nitrogen adsorption analysis of shale samples, and the ratio is calculated according to the actual desorption amount of nitrogen and the theoretical maximum desorption amount under the relative pressure condition, wherein the larger the ratio is, the better the connectivity is, and further, the classification limit value of shale pore connectivity is established through a large amount of analysis data and experience and is used for judging the grade of pore connectivity, so that the aim of rapidly judging the shale pore connectivity is fulfilled. The method has the advantages of low analysis cost, simplicity, convenience and high discrimination speed, and can provide shale reservoir evaluation parameters for shale gas exploration and development sites in time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of oil and gas exploration and development, and relates to a method, a storage medium and computer equipment for rapidly judging shale pore connectivity.
Background
With the rapid development and continuous deepening of unconventional oil and gas exploration and development practices in China, resource evaluation of hydrocarbon source rock layers, particularly organic shale, is gradually becoming important content of exploration research, and besides shale organic matter abundance, rock mineral composition and shale physical property characteristics, pore types, development degrees, pore connectivity characteristics and the like are beginning to become important research content of shale reservoir evaluation. A large number of researches show that the connectivity of shale pores directly influences the permeability, fluid migration mode, seepage characteristics, pore effectiveness and the like of shale, but the connectivity of pores with different scales is very complex due to extremely strong shale heterogeneity, the discrimination of the pore connectivity is difficult, and the method is used for determining the pore connectivity by means of a pointed end but has a complicated and long process, so that the method can rapidly and effectively discriminate the shale pore connectivity characteristics, and has very important significance for the exploration and development of shale gas.
However, the current method for judging the connectivity of the pores still basically uses the fluid injection method of the conventional reservoir research, firstly, plastic alloy or metal fluid and the like are injected into the pores of the shale under the high pressure condition, then analysis is carried out by means of a high-resolution field emission electron microscope, an energy spectrum, a micrometer CT and the like, and the connectivity of the pores can be judged through the distribution characteristics of the metal ions in the pores because the imaging gray level of the metal ions is obviously different from the difference between minerals and organic matters.
The fluid injection method is a relatively common and effective method for researching shale pore connectivity at present, and basically meets the analysis requirement of micron-level communication pores, but alloy and metal fluid are difficult to enter all inorganic pores and organic pores developed by shale due to wettability difference, especially the injection degree of micropores is low, and the common wood alloy needs relatively high pressure condition during injection, so that the high-pressure melting injection process is relatively difficult and is easy to generate artificial cracks, and the analysis effect for judging the shale pore connectivity developed by bedding is not ideal and cannot be quantified.
In the method, a high-resolution reservoir digital image is obtained by utilizing a FIB-SEM three-dimensional imaging function, the digital image is converted into a pore structure digital model for further analysis through digital rock technologies such as shape, brightness, depth of field correction and distinction, and the like. The method can realize quantitative evaluation of pore connectivity in a certain scale range, but is greatly influenced by the resolution of microscopic imaging technology, the later data processing is complex, the process is complicated, the human error is obvious, the cost is high, the period is long, and related data cannot be provided for shale oil gas development sites in time.
It can be seen that the two main methods have the defects of high labor intensity, high test and analysis cost, complex sample processing and long analysis period, and are difficult to meet the actual requirements of shale gas exploration and development sites formulated by horizontal well design and fracturing schemes, and a simple method capable of rapidly and effectively judging shale pore connectivity is needed to be invented.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the invention provides a method, a storage medium and computer equipment for rapidly judging shale pore connectivity.
The invention provides a method for judging shale pore connectivity, which comprises the following steps:
Acquiring shale nitrogen adsorption hysteresis loops;
Determining the ratio of the actual desorption amount of nitrogen to the theoretical maximum desorption amount under a certain relative pressure condition by utilizing the shale nitrogen adsorption hysteresis loop;
And judging shale pore connectivity according to the ratio.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the acquiring shale nitrogen adsorption hysteresis loop includes: the nitrogen adsorption capacity of shale under different relative pressure conditions is determined by low-pressure nitrogen adsorption analysis of shale samples, so that a shale nitrogen adsorption hysteresis loop is obtained.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the ratio between the actual desorption amount and the theoretical maximum desorption amount of the nitrogen under a certain relative pressure condition is determined by utilizing the shale nitrogen adsorption hysteresis loop, and the method comprises the following steps:
determining a first difference value between the maximum adsorption quantity and the actual adsorption quantity of the desorption curve under a certain relative pressure condition and a second difference value between the maximum adsorption quantity and the actual adsorption quantity of the adsorption curve under the same relative pressure condition by utilizing the shale nitrogen adsorption hysteresis loop; wherein the maximum adsorption capacity is the adsorption capacity of the shale nitrogen adsorption hysteresis loop under the condition of the relative pressure of 1 atmosphere;
And calculating the ratio between the first difference and the second difference, wherein the ratio is the ratio between the actual desorption amount of the nitrogen and the theoretical maximum desorption amount under the relative pressure condition.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the specified relative pressure condition is greater than or equal to 0.45 and less than 1.0.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the relative pressure is preferably the relative pressure when the difference between the adsorption amount of the desorption curve and the adsorption amount of the adsorption curve in the shale nitrogen adsorption hysteresis loop reaches the maximum.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the shale pore connectivity is judged according to the magnitude of the ratio, and the method comprises the following steps: and determining the grade of shale pore connectivity according to the size of the ratio.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the ratio is compared with a preset threshold interval, and the threshold interval to which the ratio belongs is judged; and judging the grade of shale pore connectivity according to the judging result.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the threshold end point of the threshold interval is determined by performing a rock sample nitrogen adsorption experiment.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the threshold end points of the threshold interval preferably comprise 0.2, 0.3, 0.4.
According to an embodiment of the invention, shale pore connectivity is rated poor when the ratio is less than 0.2.
According to an embodiment of the invention, when the ratio is greater than 0.4, shale pore connectivity is rated as preferred.
In addition, the invention also provides a storage medium, wherein a computer program is stored, and the computer program realizes the steps of the method for judging shale pore connectivity when being executed by a processor.
In addition, the invention also provides a computer device, which comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by the processor to realize the steps of the method for judging shale pore connectivity
One or more embodiments of the above-described solution may have the following advantages or benefits compared to the prior art:
The invention provides a high-efficiency, rapid and simple discrimination method for shale pore connectivity, which is completely different from the alloy or fluid injection method and the digital image processing and digital core technology characterization method which are commonly adopted at present, a nitrogen adsorption-desorption curve is obtained through low-pressure nitrogen adsorption analysis of a shale sample, the ratio between the actual desorption amount of nitrogen and the theoretical maximum desorption amount is calculated under a certain relative pressure condition, the larger the ratio is, the better the connectivity is, the grading limit of shale pore connectivity is further established, the effective discrimination of shale pore connectivity is rapidly realized, for example, the discrimination of the pore connectivity is superior higher than 0.4, the discrimination of the pore connectivity is good between 0.2 and 0.3, the discrimination of the pore connectivity is general, and the discrimination of the pore connectivity is poor below 0.2. The method avoids the defects of high sample processing difficulty, high test analysis cost, complex data processing process, long analysis period and the like of the common method. The method has the advantages of low analysis cost, simplicity, convenience and high discrimination speed, and can provide shale reservoir evaluation parameters for shale gas exploration and development sites in time.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the invention, without limitation to the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for discriminating shale pore connectivity according to the first and second embodiments of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an adsorption-desorption curve of shale low-pressure nitrogen used for discriminating shale pore connectivity in the third embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following will describe embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings and examples, thereby solving the technical problems by applying technical means to the present invention, and realizing the technical effects can be fully understood and implemented accordingly. It should be noted that, as long as no conflict is formed, each embodiment of the present invention and each feature of each embodiment may be combined with each other, and the formed technical solutions are all within the protection scope of the present invention.
The adsorption-desorption curve of the low-pressure nitrogen of the shale rich in organic matters forms a very obvious hysteresis loop within the range of relative pressure 0.45-1.0 due to the condensation effect, and the characteristic of the hysteresis loop is closely related to the seepage threshold of shale pores. On the shale nitrogen adsorption hysteresis loop, the difference between the maximum adsorption capacity and the adsorption capacity of the desorption curve under a certain relative pressure condition is the actual nitrogen desorption capacity, and the difference between the maximum adsorption capacity and the adsorption capacity of the adsorption curve under the relative pressure condition is the maximum desorption capacity of the pores which theoretically lead to the external channel of the sample if the pores exist, so that the connectivity characteristics of the shale pores are reflected by the ratio of the actual desorption capacity to the theoretical maximum desorption capacity.
Based on the principle, according to the difference characteristics existing between the nitrogen adsorption quantity and the desorption quantity under the same pressure condition on different shale nitrogen adsorption hysteresis loops, after the adsorption-desorption curve is obtained by carrying out low-pressure nitrogen adsorption measurement, the ratio between the actual desorption quantity and the theoretical maximum desorption quantity under a certain relative pressure condition can be obtained according to the shale nitrogen adsorption hysteresis loops, and further the comparison classification of shale sample series is carried out according to the ratio, so that the effective, rapid and simple discrimination of shale pore connectivity is realized.
Example 1
Based on the above ideas, as shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a method for rapidly judging shale pore connectivity, which includes the following steps:
first, a shale nitrogen adsorption hysteresis loop is acquired.
For example, shale nitrogen adsorption hysteresis loops are obtained by developing a low pressure nitrogen adsorption assay to determine the shale nitrogen adsorption capacity under different relative pressure conditions.
Then, the shale nitrogen adsorption hysteresis loop is utilized to determine the ratio between the actual desorption amount and the theoretical maximum desorption amount of nitrogen under a certain relative pressure condition, wherein the relative pressure is more than or equal to 0.45 and less than 1.0.
The specific process is as follows:
determining a first difference value between the maximum adsorption quantity and the actual adsorption quantity of the desorption curve under a certain relative pressure condition and a second difference value between the maximum adsorption quantity and the actual adsorption quantity of the adsorption curve under the same relative pressure condition by utilizing the shale nitrogen adsorption hysteresis loop; wherein the maximum adsorption capacity is the maximum value of the shale nitrogen adsorption hysteresis loop under the condition that the relative pressure is 1 atmosphere;
And calculating the ratio between the first difference and the second difference, wherein the ratio is the ratio between the actual desorption amount of the nitrogen and the theoretical maximum desorption amount under the relative pressure condition.
And finally, judging the connectivity of shale pores according to the ratio.
Specifically, the larger the ratio is, the better the shale pore connectivity is judged.
Example two
Of course, the above-described embodiment is only one example of a specific implementation based on the idea of the present invention. Indeed, many variations are possible based on the inventive concept. For example, the present embodiment provides another method for rapidly determining shale pore connectivity, comprising the steps of:
first, a shale nitrogen adsorption hysteresis loop is acquired.
For example, shale nitrogen adsorption hysteresis loops are obtained by developing a low pressure nitrogen adsorption assay to determine the shale nitrogen adsorption capacity under different relative pressure conditions.
And then, determining the ratio between the actual desorption amount of the nitrogen and the theoretical maximum desorption amount under a certain relative pressure condition by utilizing the shale nitrogen adsorption hysteresis loop, wherein the relative pressure is preferably the relative pressure when the difference between the desorption curve adsorption amount and the adsorption curve adsorption amount in the shale nitrogen adsorption hysteresis loop reaches the maximum.
The specific process is as follows:
determining a first difference value between the maximum adsorption quantity and the actual adsorption quantity of the desorption curve under a certain relative pressure condition and a second difference value between the maximum adsorption quantity and the actual adsorption quantity of the adsorption curve under the same relative pressure condition by utilizing the shale nitrogen adsorption hysteresis loop; wherein the maximum adsorption capacity is the maximum value of the shale nitrogen adsorption hysteresis loop under the condition that the relative pressure is 1 atmosphere;
And calculating the ratio between the first difference and the second difference, wherein the ratio is the ratio between the actual desorption amount of the nitrogen and the theoretical maximum desorption amount under the relative pressure condition.
And finally, judging the connectivity of shale pores according to the ratio.
In this embodiment, the threshold interval for reflecting the shale pore connectivity differences (grades) may be determined by conducting a rock sample nitrogen adsorption experiment.
From this, judge shale pore connectivity according to the size of the ratio, include:
Comparing the ratio with a preset threshold interval, and judging the threshold interval to which the ratio belongs; and judging the grade of shale pore connectivity according to the judging result.
Example III
The working principle of the invention will be further described in connection with a specific application as shown in fig. 1.
The implementation process for discriminating the shale pore connectivity of the drilling core comprises the following steps:
1) About 5g of shale sample is selected, crushed in a rock crusher, and sieved to obtain 40-60 mesh sample particles.
2) And carrying out a shale sample nitrogen adsorption test according to NB/T14008-2015 standard to obtain a shale sample low-pressure nitrogen adsorption-desorption curve. The shale samples were previously subjected to a degassing pretreatment in a degassing station, the degassing being carried out in an N2 environment at 150 ℃. All commercial nitrogen adsorbers were available.
3) And (3) selecting the lengths of the AB section and the AC section on the nitrogen adsorption hysteresis loop to perform proportional calculation when the relative pressure is 0.7 (figure 1), wherein the larger the ratio is, the better the connectivity of pores is, so that the shale pore communication characteristics are rapidly judged.
The AB section represents the difference between the maximum adsorption capacity at a relative pressure of 1 atm and the actual desorption capacity at a certain relative pressure (0.7 in this example).
Wherein the AC section represents the difference between the maximum adsorption amount at a relative pressure of 1 atm and the actual adsorption amount at the same relative pressure (0.7 is selected in this example).
4) The resulting LAB/LAC ratios were further compared against the empirical values of 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 obtained from a number of analyses.
Wherein, the connectivity of the pores is judged to be excellent when the ratio is higher than 0.4, the connectivity of the pores is judged to be good when the ratio is between 0.2 and 0.3, the connectivity of the pores is judged to be general when the ratio is between 0.2 and 0.3, and the connectivity is judged to be poor when the ratio is lower than 0.2.
Example IV
In addition, in order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the embodiment of the invention also correspondingly provides a storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and the computer program realizes the steps of the method for judging shale pore connectivity when being executed by a processor.
Example five
In addition, in order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the embodiment of the invention also correspondingly provides a computer device, which comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the computer program realizes the steps of the method for judging shale pore connectivity when being executed by the processor.
The invention aims to overcome the defects of complicated process, complex analysis, high cost, long period and the like of the conventional shale pore connectivity discrimination, and provides a simple method capable of rapidly and effectively discriminating the pore connectivity in shale by adopting a technical thought completely different from the conventional shale pore connectivity discrimination, so as to meet the field actual requirements of shale oil and gas exploration and development.
It should be noted that, the method of the embodiment of the present invention may be performed by a single device, for example, a computer or a server. The method of the embodiment can also be applied to a distributed scene, and is completed by mutually matching a plurality of devices. In the case of such a distributed scenario, one of the devices may perform only one or more steps of the method of an embodiment of the present invention, the devices interacting with each other to accomplish the method.
Any process or method descriptions in flow charts or otherwise described herein may be understood as representing modules, segments, or portions of code which include one or more executable instructions for implementing specific logical functions or steps of the process, and further implementations are included within the scope of the preferred embodiment of the present invention in which functions may be executed out of order from that shown or discussed, including substantially concurrently or in reverse order, depending on the functionality involved, as would be understood by those reasonably skilled in the art of the present invention.
It is to be understood that portions of the present invention may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above-described embodiments, the various steps or methods may be implemented in software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, may be implemented using any one or combination of the following techniques, as is well known in the art: discrete logic circuits having logic gates for implementing logic functions on data signals, application specific integrated circuits having suitable combinational logic gates, programmable Gate Arrays (PGAs), field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), and the like.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or a portion of the steps carried out in the method of the above-described embodiments may be implemented by a program to instruct related hardware, where the program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and where the program, when executed, includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments.
In addition, each functional unit in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated in one processing module, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated in one module. The integrated modules may be implemented in hardware or in software functional modules. The integrated modules may also be stored in a computer readable storage medium if implemented in the form of software functional modules and sold or used as a stand-alone product.
The above-mentioned storage medium may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, or the like.
Although the embodiments of the present invention are disclosed above, the embodiments are only used for the convenience of understanding the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make any modification and variation in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, but the scope of the present disclosure is still subject to the scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A method of discriminating shale pore connectivity comprising:
Acquiring shale nitrogen adsorption hysteresis loops;
Determining a maximum adsorption amount and a specified relative pressure by using the shale nitrogen adsorption hysteresis loop, wherein the maximum adsorption amount is the adsorption amount of the shale nitrogen adsorption hysteresis loop under the condition that the relative pressure is 1 atmosphere, and the specified relative pressure is the relative pressure when the difference between the adsorption amount of a desorption curve and the adsorption amount of an adsorption curve in the shale nitrogen adsorption hysteresis loop reaches the maximum; determining a first difference between the maximum adsorption amount and an actual adsorption amount of a desorption curve under the specified relative pressure condition, and a second difference between the maximum adsorption amount and the actual adsorption amount of the adsorption curve under the same relative pressure condition;
Calculating the ratio between the first difference and the second difference, wherein the ratio is the ratio between the actual desorption amount of the nitrogen and the theoretical maximum desorption amount under the relative pressure condition;
judging shale pore connectivity according to the magnitude of the ratio, including: comparing the ratio with a preset threshold interval, and judging the threshold interval to which the ratio belongs; and judging the grade of shale pore connectivity according to the judging result.
2. The method of discriminating shale pore connectivity of claim 1, wherein said obtaining shale nitrogen adsorption hysteresis loop comprises:
The nitrogen adsorption capacity of shale under different relative pressure conditions is determined by low-pressure nitrogen adsorption analysis of shale samples, so that a shale nitrogen adsorption hysteresis loop is obtained.
3. The method of discriminating shale pore connectivity of claim 1, wherein the specified relative pressure condition is greater than or equal to 0.45 and less than 1.0.
4. The method of discriminating shale pore connectivity of claim 1, wherein the threshold end points of the threshold interval are determined by performing rock sample nitrogen adsorption experiments, the threshold end points of the threshold interval comprising 0.2, 0.3, 0.4; wherein the shale pore connectivity rating is poor when the ratio is less than 0.2, and is excellent when the ratio is greater than 0.4.
5. A storage medium having stored therein a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method of discriminating shale pore connectivity of any of claims 1 to 4.
6. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program that, when executed by the processor, performs the steps of the method of discriminating shale pore connectivity of any of claims 1 to 4.
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