CN109738955B - Metamorphic rock lithology comprehensive judgment method based on component-structure classification - Google Patents
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Abstract
A metamorphic rock lithology comprehensive judgment method based on component-structure classification comprises the following steps: establishing a metamorphic rock composition-structure well logging geological classification table; integrating logging data, namely establishing a conventional logging and imaging logging database, and integrating the logging data in the database; establishing a lithologic component and structure quantitative judgment standard of metamorphic rocks; and respectively identifying the components and the structure of the well section needing rock lithology identification, and comparing the identification result with a component-structure classification table to finally obtain the rock lithology. The method ensures the accuracy of structure identification, explains the lithology, greatly improves the lithology explanation accuracy, has the advantages of economy, high accuracy and the like, and achieves good effect in practical application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a comprehensive metamorphic rock lithology distinguishing method. In particular to a comprehensive metamorphic rock lithology distinguishing method based on component-structure classification.
Background
Metamorphic rocks are important hydrocarbon reservoirs and a large number of hydrocarbon discoveries have been obtained (Huangbaoye et al, 2011; Wang Yonggang, 2012; Wu Chi Yong et al, 2001). Metamorphic lithology has an important control effect on the formation of a high-quality reservoir (Zhongxinhuai, etc. 2005; Song Bai Rong, etc. 2011), and the difference of the lithology controls the development degree of cracks and the capability of mineral corrosion and storage, so that the strengthening of lithology recognition has important practical significance on the exploration and development of oil fields.
Abundant oil and gas discovery is obtained in metamorphic rock buried mountains in Bohai sea areas of Bohai Bay basin in China (Liule, etc., 2009; Deng Yunhua, 2015). The exploration and development of offshore oil fields in China are promoted by the discovery of metamorphic rock oil fields such as 25-1 south oil field in Jinzhou and 1-6 Dian in Caofen. The metamorphic rock lithology recognition research has important value for exploring and disclosing the development mechanism of the metamorphic rock buried hill high-quality reservoir, and has great guiding significance for further oil and gas exploration and development. Because offshore drilling coring cost is high, coring data are limited, so that lithology correction by directly utilizing the core data is difficult to realize, abundant logging data contain a large amount of lithology information, and extraction of the lithology information from the logging data becomes an economic and effective means.
At present, metamorphic rock lithology logging identification research mainly focuses on identification of rock mineral components, and the method comprises the steps of establishing a relation between known lithology samples and logging curves, and identifying lithology by utilizing a conventional logging intersection map (Luo Miao et al, 2010; Bos-A-B et al, 2004); a plurality of curves are selected to obtain a mineral content profile through a multi-mineral fitting method, and then lithology is determined (Huang hong Cai et al, 2001); lithology identification is performed by performing dimensionality reduction on multiple curves and combining mathematical means such as cluster analysis (AhmedAmara Konate et al, 2015). The core idea of the methods is to determine the relationship between rock components and a logging curve, further establish an interpretation model and obtain lithology interpretation results. However, the nomenclature of metamorphic lithology is that rock components and their structures are controlled together, and it is difficult to obtain accurate nomenclature by merely determining rock components, such as: the components of the strip-shaped mixed gneiss are similar to those of the eye-shaped mixed gneiss, namely biotite, quartz, plagioclase feldspar and potash feldspar, and the contents are equivalent, but due to the difference of the structures, the geological nomenclature has obvious difference, so that the accurate result is difficult to obtain by only considering the rock components to carry out lithology identification.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a metamorphic rock lithology comprehensive judgment method based on component-structure classification, which can greatly improve the lithology identification accuracy.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a metamorphic rock lithology comprehensive judgment method based on component-structure classification comprises the following steps:
1) establishing a metamorphic rock composition-structure well logging geological classification table;
2) integrating logging data, namely establishing a conventional logging and imaging logging database, and integrating the logging data in the database;
3) establishing a lithologic component and structure quantitative judgment standard of metamorphic rocks;
4) and respectively identifying the components and the structure of the well section needing rock lithology identification, and comparing the identification result with a component-structure classification table to finally obtain the rock lithology.
Step 1) based on rock core description and observation of rock slices, dividing metamorphic rock components into iron-magnesium, oblique long-quartz, secondary long-quartz and potassium long-quartz through rock whole-rock experimental analysis; metamorphic rock structures are divided into chip-pockmarked structures, mixed structures and mixed granite structures.
The integration of the logging data in the database in the step 2) is to analyze the quality of the collected conventional logging parameters, identify and eliminate curve changes and abnormal sections caused by borehole collapse, so that the parameter changes can reflect the change of lithology in the stratum; and then classifying the processed conventional logging parameters and imaging logging parameters, and integrating a logging comprehensive database.
The step 3) comprises the following steps: analyzing the integrated data, and preferably selecting a well logging curve sensitive to rock composition and structure; calibrating the logging curve according to a known rock lithology sample, and respectively establishing an identification chart of rock components and a structure; constructing two derivative parameters of a potassium feldspar index and a structural heterogeneity index; performing intersection on potassium feldspar indexes and density values of known rock lithology samples to obtain a component quantitative judgment plate; respectively establishing a rock structure distinguishing chart by utilizing the structural heterogeneity index and the imaging logging display mode of the known rock lithology sample; finally, a metamorphic rock lithology judgment standard is established.
The potassium feldspar index calculation formula is as follows:
Ki＝(GRi-35)/345
wherein, KiPotassium feldspar index, GR, calculated for corresponding depth points on the welliIs the natural gamma value of the corresponding depth on the well.
The structural heterogeneity index calculation formula is as follows:
DAi＝|Ai+1-Ai|/|Ai-Ai-1|
wherein, A is the logging curve selected and calculated, i-1 and i +1 are respectively the calculation point, the last calculation point of the i calculation point and the corresponding depth of the next calculation point of the i calculation point, DAiThe structural heterogeneity index is calculated by using the curve A.
The imaging logging display mode is established by calibrating imaging logging images through rock cores of known rock lithology.
Step 4), throwing the calculated potassium feldspar index and density value into a component discrimination plate to obtain the rock component type; and combining the structural heterogeneity index and the imaging logging display mode of the corresponding depth section to obtain the rock structural type, and further respectively referring the component type and the structural type to a component-structure classification table to obtain the rock lithology of the target interval.
According to the method for comprehensively judging the lithology of the metamorphic rock based on component-structure classification, rock components and the structure of the metamorphic rock are comprehensively considered for the first time, imaging logging information is added on the basis of only utilizing conventional logging information in the prior art, the accuracy of structure identification is guaranteed, and two derived parameters of a potash feldspar index and a structure heterogeneity index are provided for quantitatively judging the type of the rock. The method provided by the invention explains the lithology, greatly improves the lithology explanation accuracy, has the advantages of economy, high accuracy and the like, and achieves a good effect in practical application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a metamorphic rock lithology comprehensive discrimination method based on component-structure classification according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a classification scheme diagram of a metamorphic rock lithology comprehensive judgment method based on component-structure classification according to the invention;
FIG. 3 is a composition discrimination chart of the composition of the present invention;
FIG. 4(a) is a plot of the heterogeneity index of lithologic blocky structures in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4(b) is a graph of anisotropy index of lithologic hemp structure in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4(c) is a graph of the heterogeneity index of a lithologic mixed structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 4(d) is a diagram of the heterogeneity index of a lithologic mixed granite structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 5(a) is a lithologic block structure imaging log display mode in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5(b) is a lithologic plaque-like mixed structure imaging log display mode in the present invention;
FIG. 5(c) is a lithology injection (strip) hybrid structure imaging log display mode of the present invention;
FIG. 5(d) is a lithology hybrid granite work out imaging log display mode of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a diagram of an example of lithology interpretation application in the present invention.
Detailed Description
The comprehensive identification method of the metamorphic rock lithology based on component-structure classification is described in detail below with reference to the embodiment and the accompanying drawings.
According to the metamorphic rock lithology comprehensive judgment method based on component-structure classification, structural heterogeneity index (structural parameter) is introduced on the basis of component identification, meanwhile, the advantages of imaging logging in structural identification are utilized, the structural identification result is constrained, the lithology component and structural judgment standards are respectively established, the metamorphic rock lithology identification thought is further perfected, the application of data is enriched, the lithology interpretation accuracy is greatly improved, and a good effect is achieved in practical application.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for comprehensively discriminating the lithology of metamorphic rocks based on component-structure classification of the invention comprises the following steps:
1) establishing a metamorphic rock composition-structure well logging geological classification table;
based on rock core description and observation of rock slices, metamorphic rock components are divided into iron-magnesium, oblique long-length quartz, secondary long-length quartz and potassium long-length quartz through rock whole-rock experimental analysis; metamorphic rock structures are divided into chip-pockmarked structures, mixed structures and mixed granite structures.
2) Integrating logging data, namely establishing a conventional logging and imaging logging database, and integrating the logging data in the database;
the conventional logging parameter acquisition mainly comprises natural gamma GR (API), well diameter CAL (in), density DEN (g/cm)3) Neutron porosity CNL (%), deep lateral resistivity RD (Ω. m), and acoustic moveout AC (ft/us). Acquiring imaging logging parameters: the imaging logging parameters are suitable for data collected by an electrical imaging FMI logging instrument, mainly comprise all resistivity data, and are subjected to imaging processing patterns. As mentioned above, each logging parameter is collected, and the recording step length is 0.125 m/point.
The integration of the logging data in the database is to analyze the quality of the collected conventional logging parameters, identify and eliminate curve changes and abnormal sections caused by borehole collapse, so that the parameter changes can reflect the change of lithology in the stratum; and then classifying the processed conventional logging parameters and imaging logging parameters, and integrating a logging comprehensive database.
3) Establishing a lithologic component and structure quantitative judgment standard of metamorphic rocks;
the method comprises the following steps: analyzing the integrated data, and preferably selecting a well logging curve sensitive to rock composition and structure; calibrating the logging curve according to a known rock lithology sample, and respectively establishing an identification chart of rock components and a structure; constructing two derivative parameters of a potassium feldspar index and a structural heterogeneity index; performing intersection on potassium feldspar indexes and density values of known rock lithology samples to obtain a component quantitative judgment plate; respectively establishing a rock structure distinguishing chart by utilizing the structural heterogeneity index and the imaging logging display mode of the known rock lithology sample; finally, a metamorphic rock lithology judgment standard is established. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
calculating the potassium feldspar index (K): the natural gamma and density curve is most sensitive to the component response of the rock, but the density is greatly influenced by the physical properties of the reservoir, and the natural gamma parameters are selected to quantitatively calculate the mineral components of the rock; the metamorphic rock mainly comprises quartz, biotite, plagioclase and potash feldspar, the quartz and the biotite are stable in content, the mixed lithology effect is mainly represented by the fact that the potash feldspar substitutes for the plagioclase, natural gamma has a trend of increasing obviously along with the obvious increase of the content of the potash feldspar, the relation between the content of the potash feldspar and the natural gamma value is solved through an intersection graph, and finally a calculation formula of the potash feldspar index is established.
The potassium feldspar index calculation formula is as follows:
Ki＝(GRi-35)/345
wherein, KiPotassium feldspar index, GR, calculated for corresponding depth points on the welliNatural gamma values for corresponding depths in the well
Calculating a structural heterogeneity index (D): the size value of the curve can reflect the composition change of the rock, and the change trend and the change mode of the curve can reflect the structural characteristics of the rock. And selecting a natural gamma curve, calculating the curve change rate, and quantitatively expressing the homogeneity degree of the components in the rock in a numerical value form, namely the structural change of the rock. Absolute value | A of the difference between the curve values of the selected measurement point i +1 and the i meter depth pointi+1-AiAbsolute value | A of the difference between | and the curve values of the i meter depth point and the i-1 meter depth pointi-Ai-1The ratio of | is used as a parameter for reflecting the homogenization degree of the rock structure, namely the rock heterogeneous index (D) is expressed.
The structural heterogeneity index calculation formula is as follows:
DAi＝|Ai+1-Ai|/|Ai-Ai-1|
wherein, A is the logging curve selected and calculated, i-1 and i +1 are respectively the calculation point, the last calculation point of the i calculation point and the corresponding depth of the next calculation point of the i calculation point, DAiThe structural heterogeneity index is calculated by using the curve A.
The imaging logging display mode is established by calibrating imaging logging images through rock cores of known rock lithology.
4) And respectively identifying the components and the structure of the well section needing rock lithology identification, and comparing the identification result with a component-structure classification table to finally obtain the rock lithology.
The potassium feldspar index and the density value calculated by the target interval are put into a component discrimination chart to obtain the rock component type; and according to the structural discrimination standard, combining the structural heterogeneity index and the imaging logging display mode of the corresponding depth section to obtain the rock structural type, and then respectively referring the component type and the structural type to a component-structure classification table to obtain the rock lithology of the target interval.
The invention is applied to 10 multi-well with the structure of 25-1S in Carl, 26-1 in Bohai, 20-2 in Carl and the like, the coincidence rate of the interpretation lithology and the coring section and the slice interpretation section is more than 85 percent, and the invention is worth popularizing and using.
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the composition-structure classification scheme of the present invention. According to the mineral components and the element response difference thereof, the metamorphic rock components are divided into four types of iron magnesium, oblique long quartz, secondary long quartz and potassium long quartz; and (3) observing by combining a rock core, and dividing the rock structure into a block structure, a chip structure, a mixed structure and a mixed granite structure, wherein the mixed structure can be further divided into a spot-shaped mixed structure and a strip-shaped mixed structure.
FIG. 3 is a composition discrimination chart of the present invention. The cases given in this chart are all graphical representations of different rock compositions in a more ideal situation, where the rock compositions are given in 4 cases, one of which is the iron-magnesium rock region, which is a region of iron-magnesium rockThe second is an oblique long quartz region, the third is a second long quartz region, and the fourth is a high potassium long quartz region. Wherein the iron-magnesia rock area has the characteristics of potassium feldspar index and high density, the potassium feldspar index is usually lower than 20, and the density is higher than 2.7g/cm3(ii) a The index of the potassium feldspar in the obliquely long quartz region is less than 20, and the density is 2.5g/cm3-2.7g/cm3(ii) a The index of the potassium feldspar in the second-long quartz region is higher than 20 and lower than 65API, and the density is less than 2.7g/cm3(ii) a The potassium feldspar index of the high-potassium long-quartz region is more than 65, and the density is less than 2.57g/cm3。
FIG. 4 is a graph of the heterogeneity index of a rock structure according to the present invention. (a) The structural heterogeneity index of a blocky structure intruding into granite has small vertical variation and is often less than 5; (b) the linen structure has small variation in the vertical direction, and the value is usually less than 5, but the natural gamma value is greater than that of granite; (c) the structure heterogeneity index value is often between 5 and 20 and has a sawtooth-shaped characteristic; (d) for mixed granite structures, the structural anisotropy index value varies the most vertically, often with values between 15 and 30.
FIG. 5 is a rock structure imaging log display mode of the present invention. (a) The imaging logging template is of a block structure (invading granite), and the image is uniform without prominent bright blocks on the imaging logging template; (b) the imaging logging plate is of a spot-shaped mixed structure and has the characteristic of suspension of bright spots and dark spots in relatively dark patterns; (c) the strip-shaped mixed structure is formed by mutually layering strip-shaped light color and strip-shaped dark color on the imaging logging chart plate; (d) in order to mix the granite structure, on the imaging logging chart plate, a large number of bright-color images are formed, and a dark background is locally clamped.
FIG. 6 is a discriminant example analysis performed using the present method. 2003.75m-2205.8m,2044.6m-2059.4m, 2070.8m-2072.9m and 2084.25m-2099.75m have high potassium feldspar index value of more than 65 and density of less than 2.7g/cm3The components are discriminated as potassium long quartz; the structural heterogeneity index is larger than 15, meanwhile, a large number of bright color patterns and few dark background are arranged on the imaging logging pattern, the structure is a mixed granite structure, and the classification scheme corresponding to the 'component-structure' is the mixed granite characteristic. 1988.65m-2003.75m, 2025.80m-2044.6m potassium feldspar index valueGreater than 20, less than 65, and density less than 2.7g/cm3The composition is judged to be two long-English; the structural heterogeneity index is mostly between 5 and 15, the imaging logging pattern has light-color spot suspension characteristics in relatively dark patterns, the structure is a spot-shaped mixed structure, and the classification scheme corresponding to the 'component-structure' is a spot-shaped mixed gneiss. 2059.4m-2070.8m,2072.9m-2084.25m and 2099.75m-2110m sections of potassium feldspar have index values of more than 20 and less than 65 and the density of less than 2.7g/cm3The composition is judged to be two long-English; the structural heterogeneity index is mostly between 10 and 20, and the number of parts can reach 30, meanwhile, the imaging logging pattern is characterized by mutual layering of strip-shaped light colors and strip-shaped dark colors, the structure is a strip-shaped mixed structure, and the classification scheme corresponding to the 'component-structure' is strip-shaped mixed gneiss. And comparing the recognition result with the rock core, wherein the result has better consistency.
The present invention has been further described with reference to specific embodiments, but it should be understood that the detailed description should not be construed as limiting the spirit and scope of the present invention, and various modifications made to the above-described embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art after reading this specification are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A metamorphic rock lithology comprehensive distinguishing method based on component-structure classification is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) establishing a metamorphic rock composition-structure well logging geological classification table;
2) integrating logging data, namely establishing a conventional logging and imaging logging database, and integrating the logging data in the database;
3) establishing a lithologic component and structure quantitative judgment standard of metamorphic rocks; the method comprises the following steps: analyzing the integrated data, and selecting a logging curve sensitive to rock components and structures; calibrating the logging curve according to a known rock lithology sample, and respectively establishing an identification chart of rock components and a structure; constructing two derivative parameters of a potassium feldspar index and a structural heterogeneity index; performing intersection on potassium feldspar indexes and density values of known rock lithology samples to obtain a component quantitative judgment plate; respectively establishing a rock structure distinguishing chart by utilizing the structural heterogeneity index and the imaging logging display mode of the known rock lithology sample; finally, establishing a metamorphic rock lithology judgment standard; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the potassium feldspar index calculation formula is as follows:
Ki=（GRi-35）/345
wherein, KiPotassium feldspar index, GR, calculated for corresponding depth points on the welliThe natural gamma value of the corresponding depth on the well;
the structural heterogeneity index calculation formula is as follows:
DAi=|Ai+1-Ai|/|Ai-Ai-1|
wherein, A is the logging curve selected and calculated, i-1 and i +1 are respectively the calculation point, the last calculation point of the i calculation point and the corresponding depth of the next calculation point of the i calculation point, DAiThe structural heterogeneity index is obtained by calculating the curve A;
4) and respectively identifying the components and the structure of the well section needing rock lithology identification, and comparing the identification result with a component-structure classification table to finally obtain the rock lithology.
2. The comprehensive metamorphic rock lithology distinguishing method based on component-structure classification as claimed in claim 1, wherein step 1) is based on rock core description and observation of rock slices, and metamorphic rock components are divided into ferrimagnesium, slant-length long-britain, second-length long-britain and potassium-length long-britain through rock whole-rock experimental analysis; metamorphic rock structures are divided into chip-pockmarked structures, mixed structures and mixed granite structures.
3. The method for comprehensively distinguishing the lithology of the metamorphic rocks based on the component-structure classification as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step 2) of integrating the logging data in the database is to analyze the quality of the collected conventional logging parameters, and identify and eliminate the curve change and abnormal sections caused by borehole collapse, so that the parameter change can reflect the change of the lithology in the stratum; and then classifying the processed conventional logging parameters and imaging logging parameters, and integrating a logging comprehensive database.
4. The method for comprehensively distinguishing the lithology of metamorphic rocks based on component-structure classification as claimed in claim 1, wherein the imaging logging display mode is established by calibrating imaging logging images of cores of known lithology of rocks.
5. The comprehensive metamorphic rock lithology distinguishing method based on component-structure classification as claimed in claim 1, wherein step 4) is to put potash feldspar index and density value into a component distinguishing plate to obtain rock component types; and combining the structural heterogeneity index and the imaging logging display mode of the corresponding depth section to obtain the rock structural type, and further respectively referring the component type and the structural type to a component-structure classification table to obtain the rock lithology of the target interval.
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