CN114136018A - Laser refrigeration system and laser refrigeration method - Google Patents
Laser refrigeration system and laser refrigeration method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114136018A CN114136018A CN202111393996.3A CN202111393996A CN114136018A CN 114136018 A CN114136018 A CN 114136018A CN 202111393996 A CN202111393996 A CN 202111393996A CN 114136018 A CN114136018 A CN 114136018A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B23/00—Machines, plants or systems, with a single mode of operation not covered by groups F25B1/00 - F25B21/00, e.g. using selective radiation effect
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
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Abstract
The invention relates to a laser refrigeration system and a laser refrigeration method. The laser transmitter is used as a pumping light source to generate continuous laser as incident light; the optical assembly transmits and arranges the incident light to be emitted from the emergent end of the optical assembly to form emergent light; the coating is a diamond material containing silicon vacancy color centers and is laid on the surface of a refrigeration target, and the coating is cooled after being irradiated by emergent light. According to the laser refrigeration system, the diamond material containing the silicon vacancy color center is used as the coating and laid on the surface of a refrigeration target, after laser excitation, due to the fact that the diamond in the coating has a defect center and a special energy level structure, the target object can be cooled, the refrigeration temperature below liquid nitrogen can be achieved theoretically, the refrigeration target can have lower temperature, and a better refrigeration effect is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of semiconductor refrigeration, in particular to a laser refrigeration system and a laser refrigeration method.
Background
With the increasing demands for refrigeration in household appliances, aerospace, communication equipment, medical equipment and other equipment, semiconductor refrigeration technology gradually becomes an important link in scientific research through the characteristics of low energy consumption, rapid refrigeration and the like. In the conventional semiconductor refrigeration method, there are generally a thermoelectric refrigeration method and a rare earth-based optical refrigeration method. The thermoelectric refrigeration is a refrigeration method using peltier effect, and in the thermoelectric refrigeration process, if refrigeration operation at a lower temperature needs to be performed on a target object, a large amount of heat is released, so that the temperature of a hot surface is too high, equipment damage or explosion is caused, and it is difficult to realize a temperature lower than that of liquid nitrogen in the thermoelectric refrigeration process. In the process of using the rare earth-based optical refrigerator, the refrigeration essence of the rare earth element is derived from optical transition between atomic energy levels, the minimum refrigeration temperature has a theoretical limit, the refrigeration range cannot be lower than the liquid nitrogen temperature, and the requirement cannot be met when the target object needs to be lower than the liquid nitrogen temperature, so that the refrigeration effect is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a laser refrigeration system and a laser refrigeration method for solving the problem that the refrigeration range of the conventional refrigeration method cannot meet the requirement.
A laser refrigeration system comprising:
the laser emitter is used as a pumping light source to generate continuous laser, and the laser is incident light;
the incident light is emitted into the incident end of the optical assembly, and the optical assembly transmits and arranges the incident light to be emitted from the emergent end of the optical assembly to form emergent light;
the coating is a diamond material containing silicon vacancy color centers, the coating is used for being laid on the surface of a refrigeration target, the coating is arranged at the emergent end of the optical assembly, and the coating is cooled after being irradiated by emergent light.
The laser refrigeration system emits continuous laser as pumping light through the laser transmitter to provide input energy for the laser refrigeration system; the laser is transmitted and arranged through the optical assembly, so that the laser signal has more proper excitation energy; meanwhile, the diamond material containing the silicon vacancy color center is used as a coating and laid on the surface of a refrigeration target, after laser excitation, the diamond in the coating has a defect center and a special energy level structure, so that the target object can be cooled, the refrigeration temperature below liquid nitrogen can be theoretically reached, the refrigeration target can have lower temperature, and the better refrigeration effect is achieved.
In one embodiment, the central wavelength of the laser is in the range of 750nm to 780 nm.
In one embodiment, the laser refrigeration system further comprises a controller, and the controller is electrically connected with the laser emitter.
In one embodiment, the optical assembly includes a first lens and a second lens, a part of the incident light is reflected by the first lens, another part of the incident light is transmitted by the first lens, a part of the incident light reflected by the first lens is transmitted by the second lens, another part of the incident light is reflected by the second lens, and the incident light transmitted by the second lens is the emergent light.
In one embodiment, the first lens is arranged at an included angle of 45 degrees relative to the incident light, the second lens is parallel to the first lens, and the incident light and the emergent light are perpendicular to each other.
In one embodiment, the optical assembly further comprises a viewing device, the viewing device receives the reflected light reflected by the second lens, and the reflected light reflected by the second lens is vertically incident on the viewing device.
In one embodiment, the laser refrigeration system further comprises a temperature measuring device, the temperature measuring device comprises a reflector, a focusing mirror, a grating and a spectrum detector, the emergent light irradiates the coating and then generates spontaneous radiation, the spontaneous radiation is transmitted by a first lens and then enters the spectrum detector after being reflected by the reflector, focused by the focusing mirror and arranged by the grating, the spectrum detector is electrically connected with the controller, and the controller analyzes data of the spectrum detector and judges whether to continuously control the laser transmitter to transmit continuous laser.
In one embodiment, the laser refrigeration system further includes a first filter disposed between the laser emitter and the incident end of the optical assembly, and a second filter disposed between the first lens and the reflector.
A laser refrigeration method comprises the following steps:
the laser emitter emits laser with the center wavelength of 750nm-780nm as incident light at the incident end of the optical component; the optical assembly transmits and arranges the incident light and emits emergent light through the emergent end of the optical assembly; the emergent light irradiates on a coating of the diamond material containing the silicon vacancy color center; the temperature of a refrigeration target having the coating on its surface is reduced, or the temperature of a light-transmissive liquid or gas containing the diamond material particles in suspension is reduced.
According to the laser refrigeration method, the laser emitter is used as a pumping light to emit continuous laser, so that input energy is provided for the laser refrigeration system; the laser is transmitted and arranged through the optical assembly, so that the laser signal has more proper excitation energy; meanwhile, the diamond material containing the silicon vacancy color center is used as a coating and laid on the surface of a refrigeration target, after laser excitation, the diamond in the coating has a defect center and a special energy level structure, so that the target object can be cooled, the refrigeration temperature below liquid nitrogen can be theoretically reached, the refrigeration target can have lower temperature, and the better refrigeration effect is achieved.
In one embodiment, the optical assembly transmits and arranges the incident light and emits the emergent light through the exit end of the optical assembly, and the method includes the following steps:
one part of incident light is reflected by the first lens, the other part of incident light is transmitted by the first lens, one part of laser reflected by the first lens is transmitted by the second lens, the other part of laser is reflected by the second lens, and the laser transmitted by the second lens is emergent light.
In one embodiment, the laser refrigeration method further comprises the following steps:
the temperature measuring device measures the temperature of the refrigeration target and transmits data to the controller, and the controller judges whether the refrigeration target reaches the expected temperature; if the refrigeration target does not reach the expected temperature, the controller controls the laser emitter to continuously emit continuous laser; and if the refrigeration target reaches the expected temperature, the controller controls the laser emitter to stop emitting continuous laser.
In one embodiment, the temperature measuring device measures the temperature of the refrigeration target, and comprises the following steps:
the emergent light irradiates the coating and then generates spontaneous radiation; the spontaneous radiation is transmitted by the second lens and the first lens, reflected by the reflector, focused by the focusing lens and subjected to grating arrangement and then enters the spectrum detector, and the spectrum detector collects a specific spectral line of the spontaneous radiation and measures spectrum integral intensity data of the refrigeration target at the current temperature.
In one embodiment, the laser refrigeration method further comprises the following steps:
the incident light is filtered by a first filter and then enters the incident end of the optical assembly; the spontaneous radiation is transmitted by the second lens and the first lens, filtered by the second filter and emitted to the reflector.
In one embodiment, before the emergent light irradiates the coating and generates the spontaneous radiation, the method further includes the following steps:
under the conditions that a refrigeration target is not available and the laser transmitter is turned off, collecting a fluctuation modulation spectrum of the background of the optical component through a blackbody radiation source, wherein the fluctuation modulation spectrum of the background is used as a standard for data measurement of the spectrum detector; and the laser transmitter emits laser with the wavelength less than 738nm to irradiate the refrigeration target, the optimal Lorentz parameters are obtained through manual matching, and the spectrum matching of the spectrum detector is carried out by using the Markov chain Monte Carlo estimation assumed by invariants.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser refrigeration system according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the integrated intensity of anti-Stokes fluorescence emitted from a diamond material containing silicon vacancy color centers when the diamond material is irradiated by laser light of different center wavelengths;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the integrated spectral intensity of anti-Stokes fluorescence of a diamond material containing silicon vacancy color centers at different temperatures;
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a laser refrigeration method according to an embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating steps included in step S00 of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating steps included in step S20 of FIG. 4;
fig. 7 is a flowchart illustrating a step included in step S50 in fig. 4.
In the figure:
10. a laser transmitter; 20. an optical component; 21. a first filter; 22. a first lens; 23. a second lens; 24. a second filter; 25. a mirror; 26. a focusing mirror; 27. a grating; 30. coating; 40. a refrigeration target; 50. a spectral detector; 60. an observation device; 70. and a controller.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of a laser refrigeration system includes a laser emitter 10, an optical assembly 20, and a coating 30. The laser transmitter 10 serves as a pump light source to generate continuous laser light as incident light. Incident light is emitted into the incident end of the optical assembly 20, and the optical assembly 20 transmits and arranges the incident light to be emitted from the emitting end of the optical assembly 20 to form emitting light. The coating 30 is made of a diamond material containing silicon vacancy color centers, the coating 30 is used for being laid on the surface of the refrigeration target 40, the coating 30 is arranged at the emergent end of the optical assembly 20, and the coating 30 is cooled after being irradiated by emergent light.
When the laser refrigeration system is used, the laser emitter 10 is used as a pump to emit continuous laser to provide input energy for the laser refrigeration system; the laser is transmitted and arranged through the optical assembly 20, so that the laser signal has more suitable excitation energy; meanwhile, a diamond material containing a silicon vacancy color center is used as the coating 30 and is laid on the surface of the refrigeration target 40, after laser excitation is carried out, the diamond in the coating 30 has a defect center and a special energy level structure, so that the target object can be cooled, the refrigeration temperature below liquid nitrogen can be theoretically reached, the refrigeration target 40 can have lower temperature, and a better refrigeration effect is achieved.
In the current research, the laser refrigeration is a process of reducing temperature by means of phonon-assisted fluorescence up-conversion and low-energy laser excitation to absorb phonons in the material to complete a transition process and realize high-energy fluorescence emission, thereby continuously annihilating the phonons in the material. Compared with the traditional refrigeration means, the laser refrigeration process has no mechanical vibration, does not need magnetic field and refrigerant participation, is a more excellent refrigeration scheme, and is suitable for a plurality of special environments, such as aerospace and biomedical fields. Due to the special energy level structure of the semiconductor material, the refrigeration temperature below liquid nitrogen can be theoretically reached. In 2013, net laser refrigeration is observed in cadmium sulfide for the first time, and the refrigeration effect of 40K (Kelvin) can be achieved at room temperature. Thereafter, many studies have been made on materials having excellent optical properties such as perovskite. External quantum efficiency is an important parameter affecting laser refrigeration, and self-absorption of the material itself can greatly reduce the external quantum efficiency. Compared with the prior art, the defect center in the diamond has excellent optical property, and meanwhile, the diamond host has ultra-wide forbidden bandwidth, so that the self-absorption process of up-conversion fluorescence is greatly reduced, and the laser refrigeration is facilitated. Compared with rare earth elements, the rare earth element has higher biological safety, so that the method has wider application scenes.
In one embodiment, the laser emitter 10 emits laser light having a center wavelength in the range of 750nm to 780 nm. Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a graph showing the integrated intensity change of anti-stokes fluorescence emitted from a diamond material having a silicon vacancy color center when laser light of a different center wavelength is used as incident light. It can be seen that when the central wavelength range of the laser emitted by the laser emitter 10 is 750nm to 780nm, the anti-stokes fluorescence energy generated by the diamond material irradiated with the silicon vacancy color center is larger, that is, considerable spontaneous radiation can be formed in the range, so that the refrigeration effect is realized. Preferably, it can be seen that the laser emitter 10 emits laser light having a center wavelength of 759nm, the intensity of the anti-stokes line is maximized. In addition, referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a graph showing the spectrum integral intensity variation of anti-stokes fluorescence of a diamond material containing a silicon vacancy color center at different temperatures using a laser with a central wavelength of 780nm as incident light, and since the central wavelength of the anti-stokes line is near 738nm, considering that the cooling power is greatly reduced in a wavelength range of less than 750nm, the laser with the central wavelength range of 750nm to 780nm is selected as a pumping light source.
Referring to fig. 1, in an embodiment, the laser refrigeration system further includes a controller 70, and the controller 70 is electrically connected to the laser emitter 10. The controller 70 is electrically connected to the laser transmitter 10 for controlling whether the laser transmitter 10 emits continuous laser light. Further, the controller 70 is configured to select the center wavelength of the laser emitted by the laser emitter 10 to ensure that the center wavelength of the laser falls within a reasonable range, thereby achieving a cooling of the coating 30.
The optical assembly 20 is used for taking laser light emitted from the laser emitter 10 as incident light, and the incident light is transmitted and arranged in the optical assembly 20 to form emergent light. In an embodiment, the optical assembly 20 includes a first lens 22 and a second lens 23, a part of the incident light is reflected by the first lens 22, another part of the incident light is transmitted by the first lens 22, a part of the incident light reflected by the first lens 22 is transmitted by the second lens 23, another part of the incident light is reflected by the second lens 23, and the incident light transmitted by the second lens 23 is the emergent light.
Further, the first lens 22 is a short-pass filter, which functions to filter and reflect incident light. Specifically, the short-pass filter is a short-pass filter with a diameter of 1 inch and a cut-off wavelength of 750 nm. The second lens 23 is a half mirror, and functions to observe the sample. Specifically, the half-transmitting and half-reflecting mirror is a beam splitter, and the beam splitting ratio of the half-transmitting and half-reflecting mirror is 50: 50.
furthermore, the first lens 22 is disposed at an angle of 45 ° with respect to the incident light, the second lens 23 is parallel to the first lens 22, and the incident light and the emergent light are perpendicular to each other. The first lens 22 is arranged at an angle of 45 degrees relative to the incident light, and the transmission direction of the incident light is changed, so that the emergent light transmitted and arranged by the optical assembly 20 is perpendicular to the incident light, reflected light and spontaneous radiation formed after the surface of the coating 30 is irradiated by the emergent light are prevented from being directly reflected back to the laser transmitter 10, and meanwhile, the subsequent detection of the spontaneous radiation emitted by the coating 30 is facilitated. In other embodiments, the angle of the first lens 22 relative to the incident light can be adjusted according to actual requirements, which is not described herein.
In one embodiment, the optical assembly 20 further includes a viewing device 60, and the viewing device 60 receives the reflected light reflected by the second lens 23, and the reflected light reflected by the second lens 23 is perpendicularly incident on the viewing device 60. The viewing device 60 is used to observe whether the light path is aligned, i.e. whether the coating 30 is aligned with the emerging light, to ensure that the coating 30 is sufficiently illuminated by the emerging light.
In an embodiment, the laser refrigeration system further includes a temperature measuring device, the temperature measuring device includes a reflector 25, a focusing mirror 26, a grating 27 and a spectrum detector 50, the emergent light irradiates on the coating 30 to generate spontaneous radiation, the spontaneous radiation is reflected by the reflector 25 after being sequentially transmitted through a second lens 23 and a first lens 22, is focused by the focusing mirror 26 and enters the spectrum detector 50 after being arranged by the grating 27, the spectrum detector 50 is electrically connected with the controller 70, and the controller 70 analyzes data of the spectrum detector 50 and judges whether to continue to control the laser emitter 10 to emit continuous laser. Further, the spontaneous emission includes anti-stokes fluorescence generated by the diamond material containing the silicon vacancy color center after laser irradiation. The mirror 25 acts to reflect the spontaneous emission into the spectral detector 50, changing the direction of transmission of the spontaneous emission. Specifically, the mirror 25 is a flat mirror 1/2 inches in diameter with a bandwidth of 750nm to 1100 nm. The focusing lens 26 functions to collect and focus the spontaneous emission, and specifically, the focusing lens 26 is a plano-convex lens with a bandwidth of 400nm-1100 nm. The grating 27 functions to filter out stray light, which facilitates the spectrum analysis by the spectrum detector 50. Specifically, the grating 27 is a circular precision pinhole made of stainless steel.
In other embodiments, the temperature measuring device may also be a sensor, an infrared temperature measuring device, or other devices capable of reflecting the temperature of the refrigeration target 40.
Further, the spectrum detector 50 transmits data to the controller 70 by collecting specific spectral lines of the spectrum, and the controller 70 calculates the current temperature of the coating 30 or the sample to be measured by an algorithm. When the temperature of the coating 30 or the sample to be measured reaches the target temperature set by the controller 70, the controller 70 will feed back a signal to the controller 70 to control the laser transmitter 10 to reduce the power until the power of the laser transmitter 10 is cut off.
Further, the side of the coating 30 for receiving the outgoing light is perpendicular to the outgoing light, so that the reflected light and the spontaneous radiation emitted by the coating 30 are transmitted to the observation device 60 through the reflection of the second lens 23, and the spontaneous radiation emitted by the coating 30 can be transmitted and arranged to enter the spectrum detector 50. A mirror 25 is arranged on the side of the first lens 22 facing away from the coating 30, in particular, the mirror 25 is angled at 45 ° with respect to the spontaneous emission for changing the direction of propagation of the spontaneous emission. In other embodiments, the angle between the mirror 25 and the spontaneous emission can be adjusted according to actual conditions. The focusing mirror 26 is disposed between the reflector 25 and the spectrum detector 50, and is used for converging the spontaneous radiation in the grating 27. The grating 27 is disposed between the focusing lens 26 and the spectrum detector 50, and the grating 27 arranges the spontaneous radiation converged by the focusing lens 26 and transmits the arranged spontaneous radiation to the spectrum detector 50. In other embodiments, the combination of the mirror 25 and the grating 27 may be replaced by other devices or modules capable of focusing and sorting the spontaneous emission.
Further, referring to fig. 1, the laser refrigeration system further includes a first filter 21 and a second filter 24, wherein the first filter 21 is disposed between the laser emitter 10 and the optical assembly 20, and the second filter 24 is disposed between the optical assembly 20 and the reflector 25. Specifically, the first filter 21 is disposed between the laser emitter 10 and the first lens 22, and the second filter 24 is disposed between the first lens 22 and the reflecting mirror 25. Further, the first filter 21 is disposed perpendicularly to the incident light, and the second filter 24 is disposed perpendicularly to the spontaneous radiation. Preferably, the first filter 21 is a band-pass filter, which is used to purify the laser light and isolate the optical assembly 20 from the laser emitter 10, so as to prevent the reflected light generated by the first lens 22 in the optical assembly 20 from being reflected back to the laser emitter 10, thereby protecting the laser emitter 10. More specifically, the band pass filter is a narrow band pass filter with a diameter of 1 inch, a center wavelength of 780 + -2 nm and a half-width of 10 + -2 nm. The second filter 24 is a band-pass filter with a cut-off wavelength of 736nm, and functions to isolate the optical assembly 20 from the spectrum detector 50, prevent the light reflected by the spectrum detector 50 from returning to the optical path again to affect the final measurement result, and protect the spectrum detector 50. In other embodiments, the second filter 24 may be a narrow band pass filter with a 1 inch diameter, a center wavelength of 780 ± 2nm, and a full width at half maximum of 10 ± 2 nm.
Referring to fig. 4, the present application further provides a laser refrigeration method in an embodiment, where the embodiment relates to a specific process that when a laser emitter 10 is used as a pump light source to emit continuous laser, incident light is transmitted through an optical assembly 20 and is arranged to form emergent light which is irradiated on a coating 30 of a diamond material containing a silicon vacancy color center, so that the coating 30 is cooled and the temperature of a refrigeration target 40 is reduced, and the method is applicable to the laser refrigeration system shown in fig. 1, and includes the following steps:
s10, the laser emitter 10 emits laser with center wavelength of 750nm-780nm as incident light at the incident end of the optical component 20. When the central wavelength range of the laser emitted by the laser emitter 10 is 750nm-780nm, the anti-stokes fluorescence energy generated by the diamond material containing the silicon vacancy color center is larger, namely, a better refrigeration effect can be realized. Preferably, the cooling effect is best when the laser emitter 10 emits laser light with a center wavelength of 759 nm.
Alternatively, the incident light is filtered by the first filter 21 and then enters the incident end of the optical assembly 20. The first filter 21 is used to prevent reflected light in the optical assembly 20 or spontaneous radiation generated by the coating 30 from being emitted into the laser emitter 10, and to protect the laser emitter 10.
In other embodiments, the laser emitter 10 is electrically connected to the controller 70, and the controller 70 controls whether the laser emitter 10 emits continuous laser light or controls the center wavelength of the laser light emitted by the laser emitter 10.
S20, the optical assembly 20 transmits and arranges the incident light, and emits the emergent light through the emitting end of the optical assembly 20. The arrangement of the optical assembly 20 provides a buffer for the laser illumination of the coating 30, making the optical path transmission more controllable. Specifically, referring to fig. 6, the step S20 includes the following steps:
s21, a part of the incident light is reflected by the first lens 22, and another part of the incident light is transmitted by the first lens 22.
S22, a part of the laser light reflected by the first lens 22 is transmitted through the second lens 23, another part of the laser light is reflected by the second lens 23, and the laser light transmitted by the second lens 23 is the emergent light.
And S30, irradiating the emergent light on the coating 30 of the diamond material containing the silicon vacancy color center.
S40, a decrease in temperature of the refrigeration target 40 having the coating 30 on its surface, or a decrease in temperature of a light-transmissive liquid or gas containing the diamond material particles in suspension.
In the laser refrigeration method provided by the above embodiment, the laser emitter 10 is used as a pump to emit continuous laser light, so as to provide input energy for the laser refrigeration system; the laser is transmitted and arranged through the optical assembly 20, so that the laser signal has more suitable excitation energy; meanwhile, a diamond material containing a silicon vacancy color center is used as the coating 30 and is laid on the surface of the refrigeration target 40, after laser excitation is carried out, the diamond in the coating 30 has a defect center and a special energy level structure, so that the target object can be cooled, the refrigeration temperature below liquid nitrogen can be theoretically reached, the refrigeration target 40 can have lower temperature, and a better refrigeration effect is achieved.
In one embodiment, the method further includes the following steps before the step of S10:
s00, calibrating parameters of the spectrum detector 50, so that the spectrum data measured by the spectrum detector 50 is more accurate.
Specifically, referring to fig. 5, when calibrating the parameters of the spectrum detector 50, the method further includes the following steps:
s01, collecting a fluctuation modulation spectrum of the background of the optical component 20 by a blackbody radiation source without the cooling target 40 and with the laser emitter 10 off, the fluctuation modulation spectrum of the background being used as a standard for data measurement by the spectrum detector 50.
And S02, manually matching to obtain the optimal resolution and the half-width Gaussian distribution parameter of the optimal single spectral line. Specifically, for different optical configurations, the number of optical splitters, i.e., gratings, used in spectral measurement directly affects the accuracy of measured spectral lines and the broadening of actual measurement results, and the system effective focal length, slit width, optical phase difference, and the like also affect the spectral line accuracy and broadening. The resolution is proportional to the number of gratings, the spectrometer focal length, and inversely proportional to the slit width. Therefore, the measured data has an influence on the broadening and relative line strength of the measured line in different optical configuration systems and under different environments. In order to realize high-precision detection of temperature, system parameters need to be matched before actual measurement. The parameters to be matched are mainly the resolution and the gaussian distribution parameters of the half-width of the single spectral line. Further, when the resolution is manually matched, the nominal configuration of the spectrometer is referenced, the actual resolution has a slight difference for different optical components, different environments and different wavelength intervals, the actual value matching is performed by manually setting around the nominal value of the spectrometer, and finally the actual value of the spectrometer which is higher than the nominal value by one order of magnitude is obtained, and the measured actual value is used as the actual parameter of actual measurement. When matching the half-height-width Gaussian distribution parameters of the single spectral line, the background noise spectrum of the actually measured data needs to be subtracted before matching, fine adjustment is carried out in cooperation with the resolution, and compensation is carried out when part of the spectral lines cannot be perfectly matched through resolution adjustment. In manual matching, the resolution parameter and the full width at half maximum parameter need to be adjusted simultaneously to obtain the optimal parameter value.
In one embodiment, the laser refrigeration method further comprises the following steps:
s50, the temperature measuring device measures the temperature of the cooling target 40, and transmits the data to the controller 70, and the controller 70 determines whether the cooling target 40 reaches the desired temperature. The controller 70 is used for analyzing the temperature of the refrigeration target 40, so that real-time temperature control is facilitated, and the temperature control of the refrigeration target 40 is more accurate.
In the embodiment, the temperature measurement method is to measure the temperature by using laser, and specifically, referring to fig. 7, the step S50 includes the following steps:
and S51, generating spontaneous radiation after the emergent light irradiates on the coating 30.
And S52, the spontaneous radiation is transmitted by the second lens 23 and the first lens 22, reflected by the reflector 25, focused by the focusing mirror 26 and processed by the grating 27, and then enters the spectrum detector 50.
And S53, the spectrum detector 50 collects a specific spectral line of the spontaneous radiation and measures the spectrum integral intensity data of the refrigeration target 40 at the current temperature. Specifically, the spectral detector 50 measures the integrated intensity of the spectrum at the current temperature of the refrigeration target 40 as I1. By calculation of formula
The peak intensity ratio R can be obtained, and the current temperature T of the refrigeration target 40 can be obtained by performing formula derivation or empirical analysis on R, wherein I2 is the integrated spectrum intensity measured by the spectrometer when the temperature of the refrigeration target 40 is 80K.
Optionally, the spontaneous emission is filtered by a second filter 24 and transmitted by a first lens 22 towards a mirror 25. The second filter 24 is used to prevent the reflected spontaneous emission from the spectrum detector 50 from returning to the optical path to affect the final measurement result, and protect the spectrum detector 50.
In other embodiments, the temperature measurement step may be adaptively adjusted when the temperature measurement device selects other devices capable of reflecting the temperature of the refrigeration target 40, such as a sensor, an infrared temperature measurement device, and the like.
Further, in an embodiment, the laser refrigeration method further includes the following steps:
s60, if the cooling target 40 does not reach the expected temperature, the controller 70 controls the laser emitter 10 to continue emitting continuous laser, i.e. returning to the step S10; if the cooling target 40 reaches the desired temperature, the controller 70 controls the laser transmitter 10 to stop transmitting continuous laser light. Through step S60, the temperature control forms a closed loop, the automatic control of the laser refrigeration system is realized, and the use is more convenient.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting of the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not denote a unique embodiment.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (14)
1. A laser refrigeration system, comprising:
the laser emitter is used as a pumping light source to generate continuous laser, and the laser is incident light;
the incident light is emitted into the incident end of the optical assembly, and the optical assembly transmits and arranges the incident light to be emitted from the emergent end of the optical assembly to form emergent light;
the coating is a diamond material containing silicon vacancy color centers, the coating is used for being laid on the surface of a refrigeration target, the coating is arranged at the emergent end of the optical assembly, and the coating is cooled after being irradiated by emergent light.
2. The laser refrigeration system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the central wavelength of the laser is in the range of 750nm to 780 nm.
3. The laser refrigeration system as claimed in claim 2, further comprising a controller, the controller being electrically connected to the laser emitter.
4. The laser refrigerating system of claim 3, wherein the optical assembly comprises a first lens and a second lens, a part of the incident light is reflected by the first lens, another part of the incident light is transmitted by the first lens, a part of the incident light reflected by the first lens is transmitted by the second lens, another part of the incident light is reflected by the second lens, and the incident light transmitted by the second lens is the emergent light.
5. The laser refrigerating system as recited in claim 4, wherein the first lens is disposed at an angle of 45 ° with respect to the incident light, the second lens is parallel to the first lens, and the incident light and the emergent light are perpendicular to each other.
6. The laser refrigeration system as recited in claim 4 wherein the optical assembly further comprises a viewing device that receives reflected light reflected off the second lens, the reflected light reflected off the second lens being incident normal to the viewing device.
7. The laser refrigeration system according to any one of claims 4 to 6, further comprising a temperature measuring device, wherein the temperature measuring device comprises a reflector, a focusing mirror, a grating and a spectrum detector, the emergent light irradiates on the coating to generate spontaneous radiation, the spontaneous radiation is transmitted through a second lens and a first lens, reflected by the reflector, focused by the focusing mirror and arranged by the grating and then enters the spectrum detector, the spectrum detector is electrically connected with the controller, and the controller analyzes data of the spectrum detector and judges whether to continue to control the laser emitter to emit continuous laser.
8. The laser refrigeration system as claimed in claim 7, further comprising a first filter disposed between the laser emitter and the incident end of the optical assembly, and a second filter disposed between the first lens and the mirror.
9. A laser refrigeration method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the laser emitter emits laser with the center wavelength of 750nm-780nm as incident light at the incident end of the optical component;
the optical assembly transmits and arranges the incident light and emits emergent light through the emergent end of the optical assembly;
the emergent light irradiates on a coating of the diamond material containing the silicon vacancy color center;
the temperature of a refrigeration target having the coating on its surface is reduced, or the temperature of a light-transmissive liquid or gas containing the diamond material particles in suspension is reduced.
10. The laser refrigerating method according to claim 9, wherein the optical assembly transmits and arranges the incident light and emits the emergent light through an exit end of the optical assembly, comprising the steps of:
one part of incident light is reflected by the first lens, the other part of incident light is transmitted by the first lens, one part of laser reflected by the first lens is transmitted by the second lens, the other part of laser is reflected by the second lens, and the laser transmitted by the second lens is emergent light.
11. The laser refrigeration method of claim 10, further comprising the steps of:
the temperature measuring device measures the temperature of the refrigeration target and transmits data to the controller, and the controller judges whether the refrigeration target reaches the expected temperature;
if the refrigeration target does not reach the expected temperature, the controller controls the laser emitter to continuously emit continuous laser;
and if the refrigeration target reaches the expected temperature, the controller controls the laser emitter to stop emitting continuous laser.
12. The laser refrigerating method according to claim 11, wherein the temperature measuring device measures the temperature of the refrigerating target, comprising the steps of:
the emergent light irradiates the coating and then generates spontaneous radiation;
the spontaneous radiation is transmitted by the second lens and the first lens, reflected by the reflector, focused by the focusing lens and subjected to grating arrangement and then enters the spectrum detector, and the spectrum detector collects a specific spectral line of the spontaneous radiation and measures spectrum integral intensity data of the refrigeration target at the current temperature.
13. The laser refrigeration method of claim 12, further comprising the steps of:
the incident light is filtered by a first filter and then enters the incident end of the optical assembly;
the spontaneous radiation is transmitted by the second lens and the first lens, filtered by the second filter and emitted to the reflector.
14. The laser cooling method as claimed in claim 12, wherein before the emergent light irradiates the coating layer and generates the spontaneous radiation, the method further comprises the following steps:
under the conditions that a refrigeration target is not available and the laser transmitter is turned off, collecting a fluctuation modulation spectrum of the background of the optical component through a blackbody radiation source, wherein the fluctuation modulation spectrum of the background is used as a standard for data measurement of the spectrum detector;
and manually matching to obtain the optimal resolution and the half-width Gaussian distribution parameters of the optimal single spectral line.
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| US6574255B1 (en) * | 1999-03-05 | 2003-06-03 | Coherent, Inc. | High-power external-cavity optically-pumped semiconductor lasers |
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| US4949347A (en) * | 1988-02-05 | 1990-08-14 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Diamond laser, method for producing the same, and method for activating such a laser |
| US6574255B1 (en) * | 1999-03-05 | 2003-06-03 | Coherent, Inc. | High-power external-cavity optically-pumped semiconductor lasers |
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