CN114135250A - Casing deformation well sand prevention method and device - Google Patents
Casing deformation well sand prevention method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114135250A CN114135250A CN202010923231.5A CN202010923231A CN114135250A CN 114135250 A CN114135250 A CN 114135250A CN 202010923231 A CN202010923231 A CN 202010923231A CN 114135250 A CN114135250 A CN 114135250A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices, or the like
- E21B33/14—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices, or the like for cementing casings into boreholes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/02—Subsoil filtering
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/10—Geothermal energy
Abstract
The application provides a method and a device for casing deformation well sand prevention, and belongs to the technical field of oil extraction engineering. The technical scheme comprises the following steps: after the position of a target stratum to be sand-controlled is determined, the height of a sand plug to be formed is obtained based on the pressure difference between the upper part and the lower part of the stratum, the preset volume of the precoated sand required for forming the corresponding sand plug is obtained according to the height, during the subsequent injection of the mixture formed by the sand-carrying fluid and the coated sand into the casing, when the pressure of the target stratum is raised, the precoated sand injected into the well can be determined to be just enough for forming the artificial well wall, the precoated sand is continuously injected, the volume of the subsequently injected precoated sand is obtained in real time to enable the volume to reach the preset volume, so that the precoated sand injected into the well can just form an artificial well wall and a sand plug with the height corresponding to the formation pressure, the sand plug does not influence oil layer liquid outflow, can protect a damaged sleeve, prevents sand from entering a shaft from the broken part of the sleeve, and can continuously play a role in preventing sand in the subsequent production process.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of oil extraction engineering, in particular to a method and a device for casing deformation well sand prevention.
Background
In the oil extraction process, original sand in the stratum flows out of the stratum along with crude oil, along with the continuation of the oil extraction process, the sand in the stratum is less and less, and the conditions of stratum depletion, casing deformation and even oil well production stop can occur.
The currently common sand control methods include: and conveying the precoated sand to the underground by using a sand carrying liquid, and forming a layer of artificial well wall in the stratum after the precoated sand is solidified. However, when the mode is used for carrying out sand control construction on the casing change well, because the casing pipe is seriously deformed, the artificial well wall can not protect the damaged casing pipe, and after the sand control construction is finished and production is continued, the deformation of the casing pipe can be aggravated, so that the sand control is ineffective, the effective period of the sand control is short, and the sand control effect is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a method and a device for casing change well sand control, which can form a sand plug in a sleeve, wherein the sand plug can be used for protecting a damaged sleeve and preventing sand from entering a shaft from a broken part of the sleeve so as to continuously play a role of sand control in the subsequent production process. The technical scheme is as follows:
in one aspect, a method for sand control of a casing deformation well is provided, which comprises the following steps:
carrying out sand washing on the oil well until the position of the artificial well bottom or the sleeve is changed, wherein the stratum corresponding to the position of the artificial well bottom or the sleeve is the target stratum;
acquiring the height of the sand plug to be formed based on the pressure difference between the upper part and the lower part of the target stratum;
acquiring the preset volume of the precoated sand required for forming the sand plug based on the height of the sand plug;
drifting by using a drift size gauge;
adjusting a casing above a target stratum to enable the sealing property of the casing to meet a preset requirement;
uniformly injecting a mixture of a sand carrying liquid and precoated sand into the casing, wherein the mixture has a first sand carrying ratio;
measuring the pressure of the target stratum in real time, marking the time as a first moment when the change rate of the pressure of the target stratum along with time is greater than a preset change rate, and reducing the sand carrying ratio of the first mixture to a second sand carrying ratio;
acquiring the volume of precoated sand injected into the casing from the first moment in real time;
when the volume is equal to a preset volume, reducing the sand carrying ratio of the mixture to zero;
after the mixture replaces the coated sand remained in the casing pipe with the oil pipe, closing the well and waiting for setting for a preset time so as to enable the coated sand to form an artificial well bottom in the target stratum, and the coated sand forms a sand plug with a preset height in the casing pipe.
In one possible implementation, the obtaining the height of the sand plug to be formed based on the pressure difference between the upper part and the lower part of the target stratum comprises:
the height is obtained based on the following relation 1:
l ═ K · (Δ P · a)/(Q · μ) relationship 1
Wherein: l-height of the sand plug, cm;
k-absolute permeability, μm2；
Δ P-pressure difference between the upper and lower portions of the target formation, MPa;
a-inner cross-sectional area of the cannula, cm2；
Q-flow velocity of fluid, cm3/s；
Mu-viscosity of the liquid, Pa · s.
In one possible implementation, the obtaining a predetermined volume of precoated sand required to form the sand plug based on the height of the sand plug includes:
the preset volume is obtained based on the following relation 2:
wherein: v-volume of sand plug, cm3；
dPipeThe inner diameter of the oil pipe is mm;
l-height of sand plug, cm.
In one possible implementation, the real-time obtaining of the volume of coated sand injected into the casing from the first time comprises:
the volume of the precoated sand was obtained based on the following relational expression 3:
Vt＝∫QtSsanddt relation 3
Wherein: vt-the volume of precoated sand, cm, injected into the casing from the first moment3；
Qt-a flow rate of the fluid as a function of time;
Ssand-sand ratio of the fluid as a function of time;
t is time, s.
In one possible implementation, prior to sand washing the well, the method further comprises:
acquiring the amount of precoated sand required by sand control construction according to the following relation 4:
Vsand＝π·R2·H·φ+VSand washing+VSand discharge+VAttached withRelation 4
VSandThe amount of precoated sand required for sand control construction, m3；
R-predicted treatment radius of sand control, m;
h-target formation effective thickness, m;
phi-target formation porosity,%;
Vsand washingTotal sand flushing quantity m of oil well operating over the years3；
VSand discharge-total sand removal volume m with produced fluid in oil well production process3；
VAttached with-value added to the predetermined quantity, m3。
In one possible implementation manner, after the shut-in waiting for a preset time period, the method further includes:
detecting the height of a sand plug formed by coagulation in the sleeve by adopting the sand plug;
when the height exceeds the preset height, the sand plug drill is flushed to the preset height by adopting a screw drill.
In one aspect, a casing change well sand control device is provided, which comprises:
the sand washing module is used for washing sand for the oil well until the position of the artificial well bottom or the sleeve is changed, and the stratum corresponding to the position of the artificial well bottom or the sleeve is a target stratum;
the height acquisition module is used for acquiring the height of the sand plug to be formed based on the pressure difference between the upper part and the lower part of the target stratum;
the preset volume acquisition module is used for acquiring the preset volume of the precoated sand required for forming the sand plug based on the height of the sand plug;
the drifting module is used for drifting by using a drifting gauge;
the adjusting module is used for adjusting the casing above the target stratum so that the sealing property of the casing meets the preset requirement;
the injection module is used for uniformly injecting a mixture of the sand carrying liquid and the precoated sand into the casing, and the mixture has a first sand carrying ratio;
the measuring module is used for measuring the pressure of the target stratum in real time, marking the time as a first moment when the change rate of the pressure of the target stratum along with time is larger than a preset change rate, and reducing the sand carrying ratio of the first mixture to a second sand carrying ratio;
the acquiring module is used for acquiring the volume of the precoated sand injected into the casing from the first moment in real time;
the injection module is also used for reducing the sand carrying ratio of the mixture to zero when the volume is equal to the preset volume;
and the timing module is used for closing the well and waiting for setting for a preset time after the mixture replaces the coated sand remained in the sleeve with the oil pipe, so that the coated sand forms an artificial well bottom in the target stratum, and the coated sand forms a sand plug with a preset height in the sleeve.
In one possible implementation, the obtaining the height of the sand plug to be formed based on the pressure difference between the upper part and the lower part of the target stratum comprises:
the height is obtained based on the following relation 1:
l ═ K · (Δ P · a)/(Q · μ) relationship 1
Wherein: l-height of the sand plug, cm;
k-absolute permeability, μm2；
Δ P-pressure difference between the upper and lower portions of the target formation, MPa;
a-inner cross-sectional area of the cannula, cm2；
Q-flow velocity of fluid, cm3/s；
Mu-viscosity of the liquid, Pa · s.
In one possible implementation, the obtaining a predetermined volume of precoated sand required to form the sand plug based on the height of the sand plug includes:
the preset volume is obtained based on the following relation 2:
wherein: v-volume of sand plug, cm3；
dPipeThe inner diameter of the oil pipe is mm;
l-height of sand plug, cm.
In one possible implementation, the real-time obtaining of the volume of coated sand injected into the casing from the first time comprises:
the volume of the precoated sand was obtained based on the following relational expression 3:
Vt＝∫QtSsanddt relation 3
Wherein: vt-the volume of precoated sand, cm, injected into the casing from the first moment3；
Qt-a flow rate of the fluid as a function of time;
Ssand-sand ratio of the fluid as a function of time;
t is time, s.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, after the position of the target stratum to be sand-controlled is determined, the height of the sand plug to be formed is obtained based on the pressure difference between the upper part and the lower part of the stratum, the preset volume of the precoated sand required by forming the corresponding sand plug is obtained according to the height, during the subsequent injection of the mixture formed by the sand-carrying fluid and the coated sand into the casing, when the pressure of the target stratum is raised, the precoated sand injected into the well can be determined to be just enough for forming the artificial well wall, the precoated sand is continuously injected, the volume of the subsequently injected precoated sand is obtained in real time to enable the volume to reach the preset volume, so that the precoated sand injected into the well can just form an artificial well wall and a sand plug with the height corresponding to the formation pressure, the sand plug does not influence oil layer liquid outflow, can protect a damaged sleeve, prevents sand from entering a shaft from the broken part of the sleeve, and can continuously play a role in preventing sand in the subsequent production process.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for casing change well sand control provided by an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for casing change well sand control provided by an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a casing deformation well according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of construction parameters of casing change well sand control provided by an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a casing change well sand control device provided by an embodiment of the application;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clear, embodiments of the present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for casing change well sand control according to an embodiment of the present application, and referring to fig. 1, the method may be applied to a computer device, and the method includes:
101. and carrying out sand washing on the oil well until the position of the artificial well bottom or the casing is changed, wherein the stratum corresponding to the position of the artificial well bottom or the casing is the target stratum.
102. And acquiring the height of the sand plug to be formed based on the pressure difference between the upper part and the lower part of the target stratum.
103. Based on the height of the sand plug, a preset volume of precoated sand required for forming the sand plug is obtained.
104. Drifting is performed using a drift gauge.
105. And adjusting the casing above the target stratum to enable the sealing property of the casing to meet the preset requirement.
106. And uniformly injecting a mixture of the sand carrying liquid and the precoated sand into the casing, wherein the mixture has a first sand carrying ratio.
107. And measuring the pressure of the target stratum in real time, marking the time as a first moment when the change rate of the pressure of the target stratum along with the time is greater than a preset change rate, and reducing the sand carrying ratio of the first mixture to a second sand carrying ratio.
108. And acquiring the volume of the precoated sand injected into the casing from the first moment in real time.
109. When the volume is equal to the preset volume, the sand carrying ratio of the mixture is reduced to zero.
110. After the mixture replaces the coated sand remained in the casing pipe with the oil pipe, closing the well and waiting for setting for a preset time so as to enable the coated sand to form an artificial well bottom in the target stratum, and the coated sand forms a sand plug with a preset height in the casing pipe.
The method provided by the embodiment of the application obtains the height of the sand plug to be formed based on the pressure difference between the upper part and the lower part of the stratum after the position of the target stratum to be sand-controlled is determined, obtains the preset volume of the precoated sand required by forming the corresponding sand plug according to the height, during the subsequent injection of the mixture formed by the sand-carrying fluid and the coated sand into the casing, when the pressure of the target stratum is raised, the precoated sand injected into the well can be determined to be just enough for forming the artificial well wall, the precoated sand is continuously injected, the volume of the subsequently injected precoated sand is obtained in real time to enable the volume to reach the preset volume, so that the precoated sand injected into the well can just form an artificial well wall and a sand plug with the height corresponding to the formation pressure, the sand plug does not influence oil layer liquid outflow, can protect a damaged sleeve, prevents sand from entering a shaft from the broken part of the sleeve, and can continuously play a role in preventing sand in the subsequent production process.
In one possible implementation, the obtaining the height of the sand plug to be formed based on the pressure difference between the upper part and the lower part of the target stratum comprises:
the height is obtained based on the following relation 1:
l ═ K · (Δ P · a)/(Q · μ) relationship 1
Wherein: l-height of the sand plug, cm;
k-absolute permeability, μm2；
Δ P-pressure difference between the upper and lower portions of the target formation, MPa;
a-inner cross-sectional area of the cannula, cm2；
Q-flow velocity of fluid, cm3/s；
Mu-viscosity of the liquid, Pa · s.
In one possible implementation, the obtaining a predetermined volume of precoated sand required to form the sand plug based on the height of the sand plug includes:
the preset volume is obtained based on the following relation 2:
wherein: v-volume of sand plug, cm3；
dPipeThe inner diameter of the oil pipe is mm;
l-height of sand plug, cm.
In one possible implementation, the real-time obtaining of the volume of coated sand injected into the casing from the first time comprises:
the volume of the precoated sand was obtained based on the following relational expression 3:
Vt＝∫QtSsanddt relation 3
Wherein: vt-the volume of precoated sand, cm, injected into the casing from the first moment3；
Qt-a flow rate of the fluid as a function of time;
Ssand-sand ratio of the fluid as a function of time;
t is time, s.
In one possible implementation, prior to sand washing the well, the method further comprises:
acquiring the amount of precoated sand required by sand control construction according to the following relation 4:
Vsand＝π·R2·H·φ+VSand washing+VSand discharge+VAttached withRelation 4
VSandThe amount of precoated sand required for sand control construction, m3；
R-predicted treatment radius of sand control, m;
h-target formation effective thickness, m;
phi-target formation porosity,%;
Vsand washingTotal sand flushing quantity m of oil well operating over the years3；
VSand discharge-total sand removal volume m with produced fluid in oil well production process3；
VAttached with-value added to the predetermined quantity, m3。
In one possible implementation manner, after the shut-in waiting for a preset time period, the method further includes:
detecting the height of a sand plug formed by coagulation in the sleeve by adopting the sand plug;
when the height exceeds the preset height, the sand plug drill is flushed to the preset height by adopting a screw drill.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for casing change well sand control according to an embodiment of the present application, and referring to fig. 2, the method may be applied to a computer device, and the method includes:
201. and acquiring the amount of precoated sand required by sand control construction.
In this step, the amount of precoated sand obtained is used to facilitate the preparation of a sufficient amount of precoated sand by the operator for construction. The precoated sand is double-component sand formed by uniformly coating a layer of resin and a curing agent on the surface of quartz sand with a certain particle size, or sand formed by directly coating a layer of resin film on the quartz sand. During sand control construction, after the precoated sand is uniformly stirred by the sand mixer, the precoated sand is carried by the sand carrying liquid and pumped into a stratum, and under the action of the conditions such as stratum temperature, pressure and the like, resin on the outer surface of the resin sand and solidified sand or precoated sand directly react with the sand carrying liquid, so that contacted particles are mutually bonded and gradually solidified, and the artificial well wall with high strength and good permeability is formed.
The sand carrying liquid is used for carrying sand, proppant and other solids into the stratum. In the process of oil exploitation, crude oil is extracted from a stratum, and liquid left after the oil is extracted from the crude oil can be used as sand carrying liquid, so that the stratum cannot be changed or damaged when the sand carrying liquid is used for carrying sand, proppant or other solids into the stratum.
In one possible implementation manner, the usage amount of the precoated sand required by sand control construction is obtained according to the following relation 4:
Vsand＝π·R2·H·φ+VSand washing+VSand discharge+VAttached withRelation 4
VSandThe amount of precoated sand required for sand control construction, m3；
R-predicted treatment radius of sand control, m;
h-target formation effective thickness, m;
phi-target formation porosity,%;
Vsand washingTotal sand flushing quantity m of oil well operating over the years3；
VSand discharge-total sand removal volume m with produced fluid in oil well production process3；
VAttached with-value added to the predetermined quantity, m3。
202. And carrying out sand washing on the oil well until the position of the artificial well bottom or the casing is changed, wherein the stratum corresponding to the position of the artificial well bottom or the casing is the target stratum.
The sand washing refers to that liquid is injected into the well through an oil sleeve annulus and then flows back to the well through an oil pipe, so that the liquid can carry sand remained in an oil outlet channel in the oil extraction process to the well. The casing deformation refers to deformation of the casing, if the deformation degree of the casing is large, sand washing can be continued to the artificial well bottom in a mode of replacing the sand washing pipe between small parts, and correspondingly, the corresponding position of the artificial well bottom can be set as a target stratum; if the deformation of the casing is small, the sand cannot be continuously washed towards the position below the deformation position of the casing, correspondingly, only the stratum corresponding to the position of the set transformation point is taken as a target stratum, and correspondingly, the interval below the set transformation point is a closed section.
203. And acquiring the height of the sand plug to be formed based on the pressure difference between the upper part and the lower part of the target stratum.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a casing change well provided by an embodiment of the present application, and referring to fig. 3, various related structures at the bottom of the well are shown, including: the casing comprises a casing, an oil pipe, an annulus between the casing and the oil pipe, a target stratum, an artificial well wall formed in the target stratum by precoated sand, a sand plug formed in the casing by the precoated sand, the height L of the sand plug, a casing transition point and a closed section. In this step, the higher the reserved sand plug, the stronger the ability to protect the casing, and the poorer the permeability, so it is necessary to protect the casing without affecting the production of the oil. Since the sand plug has only one medium, the liquid passing through can also be regarded as a fluid and can therefore be calculated from the absolute permeability relation. The absolute permeability of rock is the permeability measured when only one fluid exists in the rock pores, the fluid does not have any physical or chemical reaction with the rock, and the flow of the fluid conforms to the Darcy's straight-line seepage law.
In one possible implementation, the height is obtained based on the following relation 1:
l ═ K · (Δ P · a)/(Q · μ) relationship 1
Wherein: l-height of the sand plug, cm;
k-absolute permeability, μm2；
Δ P-pressure difference between the upper and lower portions of the target formation, MPa;
a-inner cross-sectional area of the cannula, cm2；
Q-flow velocity of fluid, cm3/s；
Mu-viscosity of the liquid, Pa · s.
In the above relation 1, K is the permeability of the precoated sand after consolidation, and can be obtained through indoor experiments, and in the embodiment, the precoated sand used is the temperature-spreading coated sand, and is measured to be 20-40 μm through experiments2The value is 30 μm for convenient calculation2；
The delta P can be obtained by formation pressure test or by calculation of the working fluid level value and wellhead casing pressure;
a is the internal cross-sectional area of the casing and the conventional internal diameter d of the casingSleeveAt 124.26mm, the relationship can be calculated from the area: a ═ pi · dSleeve 2And/4 is calculated.
Q can be obtained by converting the daily liquid production of the oil well.
μ can be obtained from the crude oil analysis assay data for each fault block.
204. Based on the height of the sand plug, a preset volume of precoated sand required for forming the sand plug is obtained.
In this step, the preset volume is used to guide the subsequent sand plug formation process.
In one possible implementation, the obtaining a predetermined volume of precoated sand required to form the sand plug based on the height of the sand plug includes:
the preset volume is obtained based on the following relation 2:
wherein: v-volume of sand plug, cm3；
dOilThe inner diameter of the oil pipe is mm;
l-height of sand plug, cm.
In the above relation 2, the inner diameter d of the common oil pipeOilIs 62 mm; the height L of the sand plug is obtained by step 203 described above.
205. Drifting is performed using a drift gauge.
In this implementation, the step may be: the well was opened to a position above the reservoir using the drift gauge of D114 mm.
206. And adjusting the casing above the target stratum to enable the sealing property of the casing to meet the preset requirement.
In this implementation, the step may be: the lower packer tests the pressure of the casing above the target stratum by 15.0MPa and the pressure of the oil pipe by 20MPa, and the pressure drop is less than 0.5MPa after 30min, so that the casing is qualified; if not, necessary measures are taken to adjust until qualified.
207. And uniformly injecting a mixture of the sand carrying liquid and the precoated sand into the casing, wherein the mixture has a first sand carrying ratio.
In this implementation, the step may be: and (3) pulling out the pressure test pipe column, putting the sand control pipe column to a position 10 meters above a target stratum, installing a 350 model wellhead device at the top of the oil well, and performing sand control construction according to the coated sand.
(1) Testing pressure of the pipeline: connecting a pipeline, testing the pressure at 25.0MPa for 1min without puncture and leakage, and indicating the product is qualified;
(2) well flushing: adopting sand-carrying liquid, washing the well to an outlet for returning liquid, and closing a sleeve gate after the sleeve returns water;
(3) trial extrusion: trial squeezing sand-carrying liquid 10m into oil well3Observing the pressure discharge variation, keeping the discharge more than 800L/min and the pressure lower than 20.0 MPa;
(4) adding sand: uniformly adding a mixture of 0.4-0.8mm type precoated sand and sand carrying liquid, and controlling the first sand carrying ratio to be about 5-10%, wherein if the pressure is stable or the pressure is reduced, the first sand carrying ratio is gradually increased to 15% after half of the designed sand amount is added.
208. And measuring the pressure of the target stratum in real time, marking the time as a first moment when the change rate of the pressure of the target stratum along with the time is greater than a preset change rate, and reducing the sand carrying ratio of the first mixture to a second sand carrying ratio.
In this step, when the pressure rises indicating that the formation of interest is full of sand, the sand ratio is immediately lowered to avoid adding too much coated sand too quickly into the wellbore. Specifically, the preset change rate may be preset according to an actual situation, or may be determined according to an image of an operation site. For example, fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of construction parameters of casing change well sand control according to an embodiment of the present application, please refer to the pressure sudden-rising line in fig. 4, where a time corresponding to the pressure sudden-rising line may be marked as a first time, and the sand-carrying ratio is reduced to a second sand-carrying ratio, that is, 10% of fig. 4.
209. And acquiring the volume of the precoated sand injected into the casing from the first moment in real time.
In one possible implementation, the volume of the coated sand is obtained based on the following relation 3:
Vt＝∫QtSsanddt relation 3
Wherein: vt-the volume of precoated sand, cm, injected into the casing from the first moment3；
Qt-a flow rate of the fluid as a function of time;
Ssand-sand ratio of the fluid as a function of time;
t is time, s.
In the above relation 3, the change of the flow rate of the fluid with time is a relation QtThe flow rate may be a constant value, a preset relational expression, or a relational expression generated in real time according to a change in the actual flow rate, but this embodiment is not limited thereto, and the change of the sand ratio of the fluid with time is a relational expression SSandThe relationship may be a preset relationship or a relationship generated in real time according to a change in the actual flow rate, which is not limited in this embodiment.
210. When the volume is equal to the preset volume, the sand carrying ratio of the mixture is reduced to zero.
In this step, the sand-carrying ratio of the mixture is reduced to zero, that is, only the sand-carrying fluid and no coated sand are contained in the mixture, and at this time, the sand-carrying fluid input into the oil well is used for displacing the coated sand remaining in the oil pipe, so that only the coated sand for forming the sand plug is left.
211. After the mixture replaces the coated sand remained in the sleeve with the oil pipe, the well is shut in and the time for waiting for coagulation is preset.
The preset time can be preset according to experience, for example, the well closing diffusion pressure is firstly 1-2 hours, and then the well closing is carried out for waiting for setting for 48 hours, so that the artificial well wall is completely cemented and has certain strength.
212. And detecting the height of the sand plug formed by condensation in the sleeve by using the sand detecting plug.
The position of the sand plug please continue to refer to fig. 3.
213. When the height exceeds the preset height, the sand plug drill is flushed to the preset height by adopting a screw drill.
The preset height corresponds to a target stratum, the target stratum is used as a production interval, so that the precoated sand forms an artificial well bottom in the target stratum, and in the step, the precoated sand forms a sand plug with the preset height in the casing.
All the above optional technical solutions may be combined arbitrarily to form optional embodiments of the present application, and are not described herein again.
The method provided by the embodiment of the application obtains the height of the sand plug to be formed based on the pressure difference between the upper part and the lower part of the stratum after the position of the target stratum to be sand-controlled is determined, obtains the preset volume of the precoated sand required by forming the corresponding sand plug according to the height, during the subsequent injection of the mixture formed by the sand-carrying fluid and the coated sand into the casing, when the pressure of the target stratum is raised, the precoated sand injected into the well can be determined to be just enough for forming the artificial well wall, the precoated sand is continuously injected, the volume of the subsequently injected precoated sand is obtained in real time to enable the volume to reach the preset volume, so that the precoated sand injected into the well can just form an artificial well wall and a sand plug with the height corresponding to the formation pressure, the sand plug does not influence oil layer liquid outflow, can protect a damaged sleeve, prevents sand from entering a shaft from the broken part of the sleeve, and can continuously play a role in preventing sand in the subsequent production process.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a casing change well sand control device provided in an embodiment of the present application, please refer to fig. 5, the device includes:
the sand washing module 501 is used for washing sand in the oil well until the position of the artificial well bottom or the casing is changed, and the stratum corresponding to the position of the artificial well bottom or the casing is a target stratum;
a height obtaining module 502, configured to obtain a height of the sand plug to be formed based on a pressure difference between the upper and lower portions of the target formation;
a preset volume obtaining module 503, configured to obtain a preset volume of precoated sand required for forming the sand plug, based on the height of the sand plug;
a drift module 504 for drifting using a drift gauge;
an adjusting module 505, configured to adjust a casing above a target formation, so that a sealing property of the casing meets a preset requirement;
an injection module 506, configured to uniformly inject a mixture of a sand-carrying fluid and coated sand into the casing, where the mixture has a first sand-carrying ratio;
the measuring module 507 is used for measuring the pressure of the target stratum in real time, marking the time as a first moment when the change rate of the pressure of the target stratum along with time is greater than a preset change rate, and reducing the sand carrying ratio of the first mixture to a second sand carrying ratio;
an obtaining module 508, configured to obtain, in real time, a volume of precoated sand injected into the casing from a first time;
an injection module 506, further configured to reduce a sand carrying ratio of the mixture to zero when the volume is equal to a preset volume;
and a timing module 509, configured to close the well and wait for a preset time period after the mixture replaces the oil pipe with the precoated sand remaining in the casing, so that the precoated sand forms an artificial well bottom in the target formation, and the precoated sand forms a sand plug of a preset height in the casing.
In one possible implementation, the obtaining the height of the sand plug to be formed based on the pressure difference between the upper part and the lower part of the target stratum comprises:
the height is obtained based on the following relation 1:
l ═ K · (Δ P · a)/(Q · μ) relationship 1
Wherein: l-height of the sand plug, cm;
k-absolute permeability, μm2；
Δ P-pressure difference between the upper and lower portions of the target formation, MPa;
a-inner cross-sectional area of the cannula, cm2；
Q-flow velocity of fluid, cm3/s；
Mu-viscosity of the liquid, Pa · s.
In one possible implementation, the obtaining a predetermined volume of precoated sand required to form the sand plug based on the height of the sand plug includes:
the preset volume is obtained based on the following relation 2:
wherein: v-volume of sand plug, cm3；
dPipeThe inner diameter of the oil pipe is mm;
l-height of sand plug, cm.
In one possible implementation, the real-time obtaining of the volume of coated sand injected into the casing from the first time comprises:
the volume of the precoated sand was obtained based on the following relational expression 3:
Vt＝∫QtSsanddt relation 3
Wherein: vt-the volume of precoated sand, cm, injected into the casing from the first moment3；
Qt-a flow rate of the fluid as a function of time;
Ssand-sand ratio of the fluid as a function of time;
t is time, s.
It should be noted that: when the casing change well sand control device provided by the embodiment is used for casing change well sand control, the division of the functional modules is only used for illustration, and in practical application, the function distribution can be completed by different functional modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the device is divided into different functional modules, so that all or part of the functions described above are completed. In addition, the casing variable well sand control device provided by the embodiment and the casing variable well sand control method embodiment belong to the same concept, and the specific implementation process is detailed in the method embodiment and is not repeated herein.
The device provided by the embodiment of the application obtains the height of the sand plug to be formed based on the pressure difference between the upper part and the lower part of the stratum after the position of the target stratum to be sand-controlled is determined, obtains the preset volume of the precoated sand required by forming the corresponding sand plug according to the height, during the subsequent injection of the mixture formed by the sand-carrying fluid and the coated sand into the casing, when the pressure of the target stratum is raised, the precoated sand injected into the well can be determined to be just enough for forming the artificial well wall, the precoated sand is continuously injected, the volume of the subsequently injected precoated sand is obtained in real time to enable the volume to reach the preset volume, so that the precoated sand injected into the well can just form an artificial well wall and a sand plug with the height corresponding to the formation pressure, the sand plug does not influence oil layer liquid outflow, can protect a damaged sleeve, prevents sand from entering a shaft from the broken part of the sleeve, and can continuously play a role in preventing sand in the subsequent production process.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present application, where the computer device 600 may generate a relatively large difference due to different configurations or performances, and may include one or more processors (CPUs) 601 and one or more memories 602, where the memory 602 stores at least one program code, and the at least one program code is loaded and executed by the processors 601 to implement the methods provided by the method embodiments. Certainly, the computer device may further have components such as a wired or wireless network interface, a keyboard, and an input/output interface, so as to perform input and output, and the computer device may further include other components for implementing the functions of the device, which is not described herein again.
In an exemplary embodiment, a computer readable storage medium, such as a memory including program code, which is executable by a processor in a terminal to perform the resource procurement method in the above embodiments, is also provided. For example, the computer-readable storage medium may be a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a Compact Disc Read-Only Memory (CD-ROM), a magnetic tape, a floppy disk, an optical data storage device, and the like.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps of implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware, or may be implemented by hardware associated with program code, and that the above programs may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and the above mentioned storage medium may be read only memory, magnetic or optical disk, etc.
The above description is only exemplary of the present application and should not be taken as limiting, as any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A method of sand control of a cased wellbore, the method comprising:
carrying out sand washing on the oil well until the position of an artificial well bottom or a casing is changed, wherein the stratum corresponding to the position of the artificial well bottom or the casing is a target stratum;
acquiring the height of the sand plug to be formed based on the pressure difference between the upper part and the lower part of the target stratum;
acquiring a preset volume of precoated sand required for forming the sand plug based on the height of the sand plug;
drifting by using a drift size gauge;
adjusting a sleeve above a target stratum to enable the sealing property of the sleeve to meet a preset requirement;
uniformly injecting a mixture of a sand carrying liquid and precoated sand into the casing, wherein the mixture has a first sand carrying ratio;
measuring the pressure of the target stratum in real time, marking the time as a first moment when the change rate of the pressure of the target stratum along with time is larger than a preset change rate, and reducing the sand carrying ratio of the first mixture to a second sand carrying ratio;
acquiring the volume of precoated sand injected into the casing from the first moment in real time;
when the volume is equal to a preset volume, reducing the sand carrying ratio of the mixture to zero;
and after the mixture replaces the coated sand remained in the sleeve with the oil pipe, closing the well and waiting for a preset time length so that the coated sand forms an artificial well bottom in the target stratum, and the coated sand forms a sand plug with a preset height in the sleeve.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the obtaining the height of the sand plug to be formed based on the pressure differential across the target formation comprises:
the height is obtained based on the following relation 1:
l ═ K · (Δ P · a)/(Q · μ) relationship 1
Wherein: l-height of the sand plug, cm;
k-absolute permeability, μm2；
Δ P-pressure difference between the upper and lower portions of the target formation, MPa;
a-inner cross-sectional area of the cannula, cm2；
Q-flow velocity of fluid, cm3/s；
Mu-viscosity of the liquid, Pa · s.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein said obtaining a predetermined volume of precoated sand needed to form the sand plug based on the height of the sand plug comprises:
obtaining the preset volume based on the following relation 2:
wherein: v-volume of sand plug, cm3；
dPipeThe inner diameter of the oil pipe is mm;
l-height of sand plug, cm.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the obtaining in real-time a volume of coated sand injected into the cannula from a first time comprises:
obtaining the volume of the precoated sand based on the following relational expression 3:
Vt＝∫QtSsanddt relation 3
Wherein: vt-a body of coated sand injected into the casing from a first momentVolume, cm3；
Qt-a flow rate of the fluid as a function of time;
Ssand-sand ratio of the fluid as a function of time;
t is time, s.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein prior to sand washing the well, the method further comprises:
acquiring the amount of precoated sand required by sand control construction according to the following relation 4:
Vsand＝π·R2·H·φ+VSand washing+VSand discharge+VAttached withRelation 4
VSandThe amount of precoated sand required for sand control construction, m3；
R-predicted treatment radius of sand control, m;
h-target formation effective thickness, m;
phi-target formation porosity,%;
Vsand washingTotal sand flushing quantity m of oil well operating over the years3；
VSand discharge-total sand removal volume m with produced fluid in oil well production process3；
VAttached with-value added to the predetermined quantity, m3。
6. The method of claim 1, wherein after a preset time period for shut-in waiting for setting, the method further comprises:
detecting the height of a sand plug formed by coagulation in the sleeve by adopting the sand plug;
and when the height exceeds the preset height, the sand plug drill is flushed to the preset height by adopting a screw drill.
7. A casing change well sand control device, the device comprising:
the sand washing module is used for washing sand for the oil well until the position of an artificial well bottom or a casing is changed, and the stratum corresponding to the position of the artificial well bottom or the casing is a target stratum;
the height acquisition module is used for acquiring the height of the sand plug to be formed based on the pressure difference between the upper part and the lower part of the target stratum;
the preset volume acquisition module is used for acquiring the preset volume of the precoated sand required for forming the sand plug based on the height of the sand plug;
the drifting module is used for drifting by using a drifting gauge;
the adjusting module is used for adjusting the casing above the target stratum to enable the sealing property of the casing to meet the preset requirement;
the injection module is used for uniformly injecting a mixture of a sand carrying liquid and precoated sand into the casing, and the mixture has a first sand carrying ratio;
the measuring module is used for measuring the pressure of the target stratum in real time, marking the time as a first moment when the change rate of the pressure of the target stratum along with time is larger than a preset change rate, and reducing the sand carrying ratio of the first mixture to a second sand carrying ratio;
the acquiring module is used for acquiring the volume of the precoated sand injected into the casing from the first moment in real time;
the injection module is further used for reducing the sand carrying ratio of the mixture to zero when the volume is equal to a preset volume;
and the timing module is used for closing the well and waiting for setting for a preset time after the mixture replaces the oil pipe with the residual precoated sand in the sleeve, so that the precoated sand forms an artificial well bottom in the target stratum, and the precoated sand forms a sand plug with a preset height in the sleeve.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the obtaining the height of the sand plug to be formed based on the pressure differential across the target formation comprises:
the height is obtained based on the following relation 1:
l ═ K · (Δ P · a)/(Q · μ) relationship 1
Wherein: l-height of the sand plug, cm;
k-absolute permeability, μm2；
Δ P-pressure difference between the upper and lower portions of the target formation, MPa;
a-inner cross-sectional area of the cannula, cm2；
Q-flow velocity of fluid, cm3/s；
Mu-viscosity of the liquid, Pa · s.
9. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the obtaining a preset volume of coated sand needed to form the sand plug based on the height of the sand plug comprises:
obtaining the preset volume based on the following relation 2:
wherein: v-volume of sand plug, cm3；
dPipeThe inner diameter of the oil pipe is mm;
l-height of sand plug, cm.
10. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the obtaining in real-time a volume of coated sand injected into the cannula from a first time comprises:
obtaining the volume of the precoated sand based on the following relational expression 3:
Vt＝∫QtSsanddt relation 3
Wherein: vt-the volume of precoated sand, cm, injected into the casing from the first moment3；
Qt-a flow rate of the fluid as a function of time;
Ssand-sand ratio of the fluid as a function of time;
t is time, s.
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