CN114129123A - Visual function screening method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a visual function screening method, which belongs to the field of visual function tests, integrates visual inspection, refractive inspection and visual function inspection into one device, can simulate distant vision inspection in a limited space, reduces the transportation cost of screening equipment and the requirement on screening labor, saves the time for students to switch among different devices, and makes campus screening more convenient. The invention has small occupied space and high flexibility and improves the screening efficiency.

Description

Visual function screening method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of visual function tests, and relates to a visual function screening method.

Background

With the increasing incidence of myopia of teenagers and the coming of eye health of teenagers into national policy, eye health screening in schools is more popular and more important.

For eye screening, vision is only checked for a long time, and with the attention of people on the eye health of teenagers, diopter screening is gradually added to some conditional areas. The diopter screening tools commonly used in the market at present comprise pure objective examination tools such as an automatic computer optometry instrument, a dioptric screening instrument and the like, and the diopter screening tools have the advantages that the examination is convenient and quick, the defects that the examination result is greatly influenced by the adjustment effect of teenagers, the deviation can be as high as 3.00D or more, and the judgment accuracy is greatly influenced. Particularly for children with actual diopter which is not near sighted and mainly distributed between 0 and +3.50D, diopter data obtained through computer optometry or refraction screening can be concentrated between 0 and 1.00D, the risk of near sightedness cannot be well distinguished, and the working precision of near sightedness prevention is insufficient. In addition, if the health condition of eyes cannot be more fully evaluated by only checking diopter and vision, more and more researches show that the change of some visual function indexes has a warning effect on the occurrence and development of myopia, so that the visual function check indexes should be added in addition to the visual function check indexes and the diopter check indexes.

In addition, the existing eye health examination equipment such as a campus is often a tool for visual examination and a tool for refractive examination. The vision examination also requires a distance of 5 meters for each examination using different tools, which requires more floor space and more staff.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a visual function screening method, which can simulate a remote visual target in a smaller space, occupies small space, has more perfect functions and improves screening efficiency.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a visual function screening method comprises the following steps,

s1, taking 1-10 lines of sighting marks upwards as initial examination sighting marks on the basis of the best vision of the examinee;

s2, based on the standard diopter of the screened person in the corresponding age bracket, adding distance adjusting spherical power and fog spherical power as initial checking lenses;

s3, requiring the examinee to recognize the sighting target, and increasing the negative spherical lens or decreasing the positive spherical lens by a large step size xi D when the examinee cannot recognize the sighting target; when the examinee can distinguish the visual target, the size of the visual target is adjusted to be a smaller visual target in the visual chart, and the step is circulated until the preset standard vision is reached;

s4, a negative spherical mirror with the lens reduced by more than or equal to 1 xi D, or a positive spherical mirror with the lens increased by more than or equal to 1 xi;

s5, requiring the examinee to recognize the sighting target, when the examinee can not recognize the sighting target, increasing the negative spherical lens by a small step size epsilon larger than 0D and smaller than 1 xi D or decreasing the positive spherical lens, and circulating the steps until the examinee can recognize the sighting target;

and S6, finishing the examination, and adjusting the distance adjusting sphere power according to the sphere power at the end of the examination to obtain the result of the refraction screening.

Further, in step S1, the best eyesight indicates the eyesight corresponding to the smallest visual target in the row on the chart that can be seen, the visual targets in the rows 1-10 are taken upwards, the chart includes various visual targets, and the size change of the visual target in the row 10 is equivalent to the five-part visual acuity value minus 1.0.

Further, in step S2, a convex lens is added in front of the eye to be examined to focus the parallel light rays in front of the retina, if the eyeball uses accommodation, the image will be moved forward and farther away from the retina, and the image will be more blurred; in order to see a distant object clearly, the eye to be detected is forced to automatically gradually relax and adjust, the coking image is close to the retina, the imaging becomes clear, and the eye to be detected automatically relaxes and adjusts.

Further, in step S2, the calculation formula of the diopter D of the adjusting sphere which needs to be added in front of the eye is:

D＝1/aL-1/dL+θ

aL: actual measured distance for simulation, in m;

dL: test distance, in m, to be simulated;

theta is the adjustment coefficient, unit D;

further, in step S2, the formula for the optotype size adjustment ratio a to be added in front of the eye is:

a＝dL/(aL*(1-d*D))

aL: actual measured distance for simulation, in m;

dL: test distance, in m, to be simulated;

d is the lens eye distance in m.

Further, adopt the screening appearance, include:

the lens control panel is used for transmitting a lens rotating position instruction to the ocular lens disk;

the eyepiece disc transmits a lens rotation in-place instruction to the lens control panel;

the system core board is used for transmitting a command of rotating to a set lens to the lens control board;

the lens control board transmits a lens switching completion instruction to the system core board;

and the system core board is used for transmitting image signals to the sighting target display screen, and the keys transmit key instructions to the system core board.

Furthermore, a plurality of lenses are arranged on the eyepiece disc, the specifications of the lenses can be replaced, the lenses include but are not limited to screening the following functions, vision, refraction and visual function screening, and the sighting marks are replaced according to the requirements of the lenses.

Further, the screening instrument comprises a human-computer interaction interface for displaying and saving the recording result.

Further, the screening instrument comprises a box body, wherein an observation window which is matched with two eyes and can adjust the pupil distance is arranged at the front end of the box body;

an eyepiece disc corresponding to the observation window is arranged in the box body, the number of the eyepiece discs is multiple and is arranged in parallel, the eyepiece discs are rotationally connected to a moving frame, a plurality of lenses are arranged on the eyepiece discs, the lenses rotate along with the eyepiece discs, and the lenses and the observation window are arranged correspondingly in a stop state;

a camera bellows is arranged in the box body, the front end of the camera bellows corresponds to the two observation windows, and the rear end of the camera bellows is provided with a screen for imaging;

and a control panel is arranged in the box body and used for controlling screen content display and sound output.

Furthermore, a support frame is arranged at the front end in the box body, an adjusting rod is arranged on the support frame, the adjusting rod moves back and forth relative to the ocular lens disc, and a baffle is arranged at the front end of the adjusting rod and used for supporting the forehead of a tester;

a loudspeaker is arranged in the box body and used for outputting an audio signal of a screen, a plurality of holes are formed in the area of the box body corresponding to the loudspeaker, and buttons are arranged on two sides of the front end of the box body and used for adjusting, selecting and feeding back volume;

the back end of the box body is provided with a power supply input port for supplying power to electrical components, a plurality of USB interfaces for externally connecting equipment or programs, an LAN port for accessing a network cable and a power switch, the front end of the box body is provided with a button for inputting signals by a tester, and the button is electrically connected with the control panel;

the lower part of the front end of the box body is provided with an avoidance area for avoiding the lower end of a tester or other facial organs, and the surface of the side surface of the box body for fixing the button is designed as an inclined surface.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and positive effects.

1. The refraction screening method adopts a quick subjective inspection method, the inspection result is not as high as that of the traditional artificial refraction (the inspection precision of fitting the glasses cannot be achieved), but the accuracy of the equivalent spherical power inspection is higher than that of the objective inspection result, so that the deviation of the refraction inspection result caused by the influence of the adjustment effect in the objective refraction can be reduced, and the diopter distribution of children without myopia can be clearer;

2. the vision examination, the refraction examination and the visual function examination are integrated into one device, so that the transportation cost of the screening device and the requirement on the screening work manpower are reduced, the time for students to switch among different devices is saved, and the campus screening is more convenient;

3. the invention increases man-machine interaction and automatically stores the inspection result in the inspection process, so that the inspection feedback is faster, and the time of field recording is saved;

4. the vision screening adopts the optical principle, so that a remote sighting mark can be simulated in a smaller space, the actual distance of 5 meters is not needed, the inspection distance is shortened, the whole equipment body is smaller, and the field use is more convenient.

5. The screening instrument of adoption can set up multiple lens and make up, assembles multiple functions in an organic whole, and the appearance is less than 43 centimetres moreover, and occupation space is little, conveniently carries, and the application scene is extensive, and doctor, school and family can all use, and the appearance is more pleasing to the eye moreover.

6. In the screening instrument use, the tester operates according to the prompt tone, the professional requirement of equipment to operating personnel who is reduces, it is more convenient to operate, the tester operates according to voice prompt, realize man-machine interaction more easily, be favorable to the family to use, and the optical structure and the content display structure of main equipment have been fused, the inner structure is compacter, and the sound module and the control button structure of being convenient for man-machine interaction have been set up, make more families can look the function ground training and promote more conveniently.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the results of a screening apparatus used in a visual function screening method of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the architecture of the present invention for visual function screening, screening and training;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the present invention in a front view of a structure for visual function screening, inspection and training without a housing;

FIG. 4 is a detail view of section A of FIG. 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the present invention configuration for visual function screening, inspection and training without the housing and camera bellows;

FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of the present invention in a back view of a configuration for visual screening, inspection and training without a housing.

Reference numerals:

1. a box body; 11. an indicator light; 12. a foot pad; 13. an aperture; 2. an eyepiece disk; 21. a driving wheel; 3. an observation window; 31. A protective frame; 4. a movable frame; 41. a movable seat; 42. a lead screw; 43. a guide bar; 46. positioning a plate; 5. a motor; 6. A dark box; 7. a control panel; 8. a loudspeaker; 9. a power supply input port; 10. a button; 20. a baffle plate; 201. adjusting a rod; 202. A drive rod; 203. a drive bevel gear; 204. a driven bevel gear; 205. and (7) fixing the plate.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in relative terms of orientation or position to facilitate describing the invention and to simplify the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be considered limiting of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.

The following is a detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention.

The subjective refraction aims at obtaining accurate lens-matching degrees including accurate sphere, cylinder and axis directions, and the inspection time is long; the objective of primary vision refractive screening is to obtain an overall refractive condition (i.e., sphere-equivalent power) in a relatively short period of time, particularly to enable some discrimination of the diopter of non-myopic children.

Because the refraction ranges of key people for subjective refraction screening are relatively uniform, the sphere power and the cylinder power are not distinguished through ingenious flow design, the combined overall refraction condition can be tested, and the inspection speed is greatly improved.

The principle of simulating a distance vision test is as follows.

The light emitted (or reflected or refracted) by the near object is divergent light, the divergence degree of the light emitted (or reflected or refracted) by the far object is reduced compared with that of the near object, and the light emitted (or reflected or refracted) by the infinite object is parallel light. When the eyes watch distant objects, ciliary muscles are relaxed, and the surface of the crystalline lens is in a flat state; when looking at a nearby object, the ciliary muscle contracts, the zonules of the crystalline lens gradually relax, the surface of the crystalline lens gradually bulges to produce accommodation, the convergence degree of light is increased, and more accommodation needs to be used by the eyes when the object is closer.

When performing a distance vision test, the eye uses less accommodation, while when performing a near vision test, the eye needs to use more accommodation. The relationship between the target distance (L, unit: m) and the regulatory requirement (AD, unit: D) is: AD is 1/L. The adjustment requirement is 0.2D if the inspection distance is 5 meters, and 2.5D if the inspection distance is 40 cm. The main difference in the examination of near and far vision for monocular vision examination is the difference in accommodation requirements.

The ball lens has the effect of changing the light divergence and the degree of assembling, places positive ball lens in front of the eye when seeing near, can assemble light to reduce the regulation that eyes need use. The degree of divergence or convergence of light by a sphere can be measured in diopters by the power of a positive sphere with a power of +1.00D added in front of the eye to reduce the accommodative power of 1.00D when the eye is near.

Through placing corresponding ball lens before being examined, the adjustment is closely the object and is sent (or reflect, the divergence degree of the light of refraction), thereby the simulation is long-range object and is sent (or reflect, the divergence degree of the light of refraction), thereby in littleer space, carry out distance vision under the shorter distance and measure, simultaneously in order to guarantee the unanimity of test sighting mark visual angle, the sighting mark distance shortens the back, need scale down the sighting mark, consider simultaneously that the ball lens reduces the effect to the enlargeing of image, need carry out certain adjustment to the sighting mark size.

The specific calculation formula of the diopter D of the sphere adjusting lens and the sighting mark size adjusting proportion a which need to be added in front of eyes is as follows:

D＝1/aL-1/dL+θ

a＝dL/(aL*(1-d*D))

aL: actual measured distance for simulation, in m;

dL: test distance, in m, to be simulated;

theta is the adjustment coefficient, unit D;

d is the lens eye distance in m.

Example (b):

assuming that it is intended to simulate a distance vision measurement of 5 meters with a measurement distance of 30 centimeters, the designed eye distance is 12mm and the adjustment factor θ is-0.13D. Then aL is 0.3m and dL is 5 m. Then:

adjusting the ball lens D to 1/0.3-1/5-0.13 to 3.00D

The optotype resizing ratio a is 5/0.3 (1-0.012 3) is 16.07

The optotype for the short-distance examination was determined by placing a 3.00D positive sphere at 12mm anterior to the eye and reducing the optotype by a factor of 16.07 for five meters.

The invention relates to a visual function screening method, in particular to a visual function screening method, which comprises the following steps,

1. based on the best vision of the person to be examined, the best vision refers to the vision corresponding to the smallest visual target row on the visual chart which can be seen by the best vision, 1-10 visual targets are upwards taken, which is equivalent to subtracting 0.1-1.0 from the visual value of the five-division visual method, and the visual targets are used as initial examination visual targets, the visual chart comprises various visual charts, and the size change of the visual targets of 10 rows refers to subtracting 1.0 from the visual value of the five-division visual method.

2. On the basis of the standard diopter of the screened person in the corresponding age group, increasing the distance adjusting spherical power and the fog spherical power to be used as an initial checking lens; the normal range of diopters for different age groups is explained as follows.

The eyes begin to develop in the embryonic period, but the vision is still not developed by the birth of the baby, the vision of the newborn baby is only 0.02-0.05 and is in a high hyperopic state;

as the baby grows up day by day, the exercise capacity and the activity range are expanded, and the eyesight of the baby is developed to 0.2-0.3;

as the growing and developing eyeball becomes bigger, the hyperopic reserve value also gradually decreases, the vision of a 3-year-old baby already develops to a level of 0.4-0.6, the axis of the eye is about 22mm long, and the state is still hyperopic, and about +3.00D hyperopic reserve exists;

when a baby aged 4-5 years old develops body and intelligence rapidly, the fine discrimination ability of eyes can be greatly improved, the vision can generally reach 0.6-0.8 or even better, and the hyperopia reserve at the moment is about +2.00D- + 2.50D;

most children can basically achieve 1.0, even 1.2 or 1.5 of vision at the age of 6-7 years old, and still have hyperopia reserve at the time, which is about + 1.50D- + 2.00D;

by the age of 12 years, vision has fully developed to 1.0 or even better for adults, and hyperopic reserve has essentially subsided to about + 0.50D.

Fog is a conventional concept in optometry, and when a person looks at a distant object, a method for relaxing eyeball accommodation by adding a proper convex lens in front of the eye to be examined is called fog technology, and the principle of the fog technology is to add a proper convex lens in front of the eye to be examined to focus parallel light rays in front of a retina; if the eyeball uses accommodation, the image will be moved forward and farther away from the retina, and the image will be more blurred; in order to see distant objects clearly, the eye to be detected is forced to automatically gradually relax and adjust, focus is close to the retina, and imaging becomes clear, so that in the subjective refraction, a moderate convex lens is added in front of the eye of the detected person to promote the eye to be detected to automatically relax and adjust, thereby eliminating or reducing the influence of adjustment on the refraction examination result.

3. Requiring the examinee to recognize the sighting target, and increasing the negative spherical lens or decreasing the positive spherical lens by a large step size xi D when the examinee cannot recognize the sighting target; when the subject can recognize the optotype, the optotype is resized to a smaller optotype in the eye chart, preferably by reducing the optotype size in steps of 0.1 or more, and the step is repeated until the predetermined standard vision is achieved.

4. The lens is reduced by a negative spherical lens which is more than or equal to 1 xi D, or is added by a positive spherical lens which is more than or equal to 1 xi D, preferably the lens is reduced by a negative spherical lens which is 1 xi D-3 xi D, or is added by a positive spherical lens which is 1 xi-3 xi, xi is a large step size, epsilon is a small step size, and D is a diopter unit symbol.

Conventionally, each increment of 0.25D, i.e. step size, has an initial baseline, and then an end point is found, the end point is the diopter number, and the step is taken one step, now for the purpose of faster screening, and the step is accelerated, once the end point is crossed, it needs to be retracted, and then it is changed to be advanced in small steps until the end point is reached, and the more accurate diopter is determined.

5. Requiring the examinee to recognize the visual target, when the examinee can not recognize the visual target, increasing the negative spherical lens by a small step size epsilon larger than 0D and smaller than 1 xi D or decreasing the positive spherical lens, and circulating the steps until the examinee can recognize the visual target.

6. And (5) finishing the examination, and adjusting the spherical power by distance according to the spherical power at the end of the examination to obtain the result of the refractive screening.

In the whole screening process, a screening instrument is adopted, and comprises the following components:

the lens control panel is used for transmitting a lens rotating position instruction to the ocular lens disk;

the eyepiece disc transmits a lens rotation in-place instruction to the lens control panel;

the system core board is used for transmitting a command of rotating to a set lens to the lens control board;

the lens control board transmits a lens switching completion instruction to the system core board;

and the system core board is used for transmitting image signals to the sighting target display screen, and the keys transmit key instructions to the system core board.

A plurality of lenses are arranged on the eyepiece disc, the specifications of the lenses can be replaced, the lenses comprise but are not limited to screening the following functions, vision, refraction and visual function screening, and the sighting marks are replaced according to the requirements of the lenses.

Preferably, the screening apparatus includes a human-computer interface for displaying and saving the recorded results.

As shown in fig. 2-6, the screening instrument includes a box body 1, and an observation window 3 matched with two eyes and having an adjustable pupil distance is arranged at the front end of the box body 1;

an eyepiece disc 2 corresponding to an observation window 3 is arranged in the box body 1, the number of the eyepiece discs 2 is multiple and arranged in parallel, the eyepiece discs 2 are rotationally connected to a moving frame, a plurality of lenses are arranged on the eyepiece discs 2, the lenses rotate along with the eyepiece discs 2, and the lenses and the observation window 3 are arranged correspondingly in a stop state;

a dark box 6 is arranged in the box body 1, the front end of the dark box 6 corresponds to the two observation windows 3, and the rear end of the dark box is provided with a screen for displaying contents;

the box body 1 is internally provided with a control panel 7 for controlling screen content display and sound output.

Preferably, a support frame is arranged at the front end in the box body 1, an adjusting rod 201 is arranged on the support frame, the adjusting rod 201 moves back and forth relative to the eyepiece disk 2, and a baffle 20 is arranged at the front end of the adjusting rod 201 and used for supporting the forehead of a tester; preferably, the upper end of the supporting frame is provided with a fixing plate 205, the fixing plate 205 is fixedly provided with a driving rod 202, the lower end of the driving rod 202 is provided with a driving bevel gear 203, the adjusting rod 201 is provided with a driven bevel gear 204, the driving bevel gear 203 and the driven bevel gear 204 are arranged in a meshed manner, and the upper end of the driving rod 202 protrudes out of the upper end face of the box body 1, so that the front and back adjustment of the baffle 20 is realized, and the application requirements of different testers are met.

Preferably, the outer lane of every eyepiece dish 2 is gear structure, and every eyepiece dish 2 all matches and sets up a drive wheel 21, and every drive wheel 21 all corresponds a motor 5, and motor 5 sets firmly on removing frame 4, realizes the independent rotation of every eyepiece dish 2, can realize the combination of multiple lens, satisfies the demand of multiple functional test and training.

Preferably, the observation window 3 is arranged on the protection frame 31, the protection frame 31 is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the movable frame 4, and the lower end of the movable frame 4 is fixedly arranged on the movable seat 41: the inside lower extreme of box 1 is equipped with lead screw 42, removes seat 41 and cooperates with lead screw 42 as the screw, and motor 5 drive lead screw 42 rotates and drives two and remove seat 41 simultaneous movement simultaneously, and two central lines that remove seat 41 relative box 1 set up symmetrically, adopt symmetrical structure, and the atress is balanced, adjusts convenient and fast.

Preferably, a plurality of positioning plates 46 are vertically arranged on the lower end surface of the box body 1, the motor 5 for driving the screw rod 42 is fixedly arranged on the positioning plate 46 at one end, the motor 5 drives the screw rod 42 to rotate through a gear transmission structure, the guide rods 43 are erected between the positioning plates 46, the axes of the guide rods 43 are arranged in parallel with the axis of the screw rod 42, the movable base 41 slides relative to the guide rods 43 through a copper sleeve or a sliding bearing, the moving precision of the movable base 41 is ensured, and the stability of adjustment of the movable base 41 is realized.

Preferably, be equipped with megaphone 8 in the box 1 for the audio signal of output screen, the region that box 1 and megaphone 8 correspond is equipped with a plurality of holes 13, a plurality of holes 13 have both been favorable to sound to expand and spread out, also be favorable to the heat dissipation of box 1 internal components and parts, the front end of box 1 is equipped with volume control button, be used for carrying out operations such as volume adjustment, selection, feedback, the tester adjusts and sets for the volume size according to the condition of oneself, more preferably, the design that the megaphone position is sunken is carried out, hand gripping when still conveniently carrying.

Preferably, the rear end of the box 1 is provided with a power input port 9 for supplying power to electrical components, the front end of the box 1 is provided with a button 10, the button 10 is electrically connected with the control board 7, the rear end of the box 1 is also provided with a plurality of USB interfaces for external connection of equipment, a LAN port for accessing a network cable, and a power switch for controlling the on or off of a power supply.

Preferably, the upper end of box 1 is equipped with the pilot lamp 11 that shows operating condition, and is firstly pleasing to the eye, can look over operating condition in real time, makes things convenient for the lower extreme of box 1 to be equipped with the pad foot 12 that a plurality of shock attenuations were used, promotes the stability of placing, also plays the effect of protection to inside part, promotes the life of whole structure.

Preferably, the lower part of the front end of the box body 1 is provided with a avoiding area for avoiding the lower end of a tester or other facial organs, and the surface of the side surface of the box body for fixing the button is designed to be an inclined surface, so that the button pressing operation of a user is facilitated.

In the actual working process, the box body 1 is placed on a horizontal working table, the lower part of the front end of the box body 1 is provided with a position avoiding area used for avoiding the lower end or other facial organs of a tester, the upper end is provided with a baffle 20 which is attached to the forehead to position the face of the person in the front-back direction, the eyes of the tester correspond to the ports of the observation windows 3, different testers adjust the distance between the two observation windows 3 through the motor 5 to meet the test requirements of different testers, then the tester observes the display condition on the screen through the camera bellows 6, operates according to the prompting steps and guidance according to the content transmitted by the loudspeaker 8, presses the corresponding button 10 to timely record the test result, and as each eyepiece disc 2 can rotate, the observation window 3 can correspond to a plurality of lenses with different specifications to complete the tests of various different functions and integrate various test functions, and compact structure, the maximum length is about 43 centimeters, the operation is convenient, the operation can be carried out according to the prompt, and the dependence on professionals is reduced.

Example (b):

the 6-year-old naked eye vision of a person to be examined is 5.0, the examination distance is 33cm, the standard hyperopia reserve is + 1.50D- +2.00D, and 1.50D is taken as the standard of the age group. The standard vision was set to 5.0. The distance adjusting sphere power is set to be +3.00D, the fog sphere power is set to be +1.00D, the large step xi is 1.00D, the small step epsilon is 0.25D, and the initial checking sighting target is set to be 4 lines on the best vision.

Taking 4 lines upwards and 4.6 lines as initial examination sighting marks according to the best vision of the examinee;

5.50D (1.50D +3.00D +1.00D) was used as the sphere power for the initial examination;

requiring the examinee to recognize the optotype, when the examinee cannot recognize the optotype, -1.00D ball lens; when the examinee can distinguish the optotype, the size of the optotype is reduced by 0.1 step length, the step is circulated until the optotype reaches 5.0, the degree of the optotype can be still distinguished, the switching of the optotype is stopped, and if the examinee can see the 5.0 optotype for the first time when the lens is +3.00D, the step is ended, and the next step is carried out.

The lens is added with a sphere lens with a large step size xi of 1.00D to +4.00D, the visual target is 5.0 visual target, and the examinee can not recognize the visual target, and the sphere lens with a positive sphere lens to +3.75D is reduced according to a small step size epsilon of 0.25, and the examinee can recognize the 5.0 visual target.

And after the examination is finished, the distance adjusting sphere power and the fog sphere power are adjusted, and the refractive screening result is-0.75D.

While one embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail, the description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A visual function screening method, comprising: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,

s1, taking 1-10 lines of sighting marks upwards as initial examination sighting marks on the basis of the best vision of the examinee;

s2, based on the standard diopter of the screened person in the corresponding age bracket, adding distance adjusting spherical power and fog spherical power as initial checking lenses;

s3, requiring the examinee to recognize the sighting target, and increasing the negative spherical lens or decreasing the positive spherical lens by a large step size xi D when the examinee cannot recognize the sighting target; when the examinee can distinguish the visual target, the size of the visual target is adjusted to be a smaller visual target in the visual chart, and the step is circulated until the preset standard vision is reached;

s4, a negative spherical mirror with the lens reduced by more than or equal to 1 xi D, or a positive spherical mirror with the lens increased by more than or equal to 1 xi;

s5, requiring the examinee to recognize the sighting target, when the examinee can not recognize the sighting target, increasing the negative spherical lens by a small step size epsilon larger than 0D and smaller than 1 xi D or decreasing the positive spherical lens, and circulating the steps until the examinee can recognize the sighting target;

and S6, finishing the examination, and adjusting the distance adjusting sphere power according to the sphere power at the end of the examination to obtain the result of the refraction screening.

2. A visual function screening method according to claim 1, wherein: in step S1, the best eyesight refers to the eyesight corresponding to the smallest visual target row on the visual chart that can be seen, the visual targets of 1-10 rows are taken upwards, the visual chart includes various visual charts, and the size change of the visual target of 10 rows is equivalent to the five-part visual acuity value minus 1.0.

3. A visual function screening method according to claim 1, wherein: in step S2, a convex lens is added in front of the eye to be examined to focus the parallel rays in front of the retina, if the eyeball uses adjustment, the image will be moved forward and farther away from the retina, and the image will be more blurred; in order to see a distant object clearly, the eye to be detected is forced to automatically gradually relax and adjust, the coking image is close to the retina, the imaging becomes clear, and the eye to be detected automatically relaxes and adjusts.

4. A visual function screening method according to claim 1, wherein: in step S2, the formula for calculating the diopter D of the sphere needs to be adjusted in front of the eye as follows:

D＝1/aL-1/dL+θ

aL: actual measured distance for simulation, in m;

dL: test distance, in m, to be simulated;

and theta is the adjustment coefficient and the unit D.

5. A visual function screening method according to claim 1, wherein: in step S2, the formula for the optotype size adjustment ratio a to be added in front of the eye is:

a＝dL/(aL*(1-d*D))

aL: actual measured distance for simulation, in m;

dL: test distance, in m, to be simulated;

d is the lens eye distance in m.

6. A visual function screening method according to claim 1, wherein: adopt the screening appearance, include:

the lens control panel is used for transmitting a lens rotating position instruction to the ocular lens disk;

the eyepiece disc transmits a lens rotation in-place instruction to the lens control panel;

the system core board is used for transmitting a command of rotating to a set lens to the lens control board;

the lens control board transmits a lens switching completion instruction to the system core board;

and the system core board is used for transmitting image signals to the sighting target display screen, and the keys transmit key instructions to the system core board.

7. A visual function screening method according to claim 6, wherein: the eyepiece disc is provided with a plurality of lenses, the specifications of the lenses can be replaced, the lenses comprise but are not limited to screening following functions, vision, refraction and visual function screening, the optotypes are replaced according to the requirements of the lenses, and the screening instrument comprises a human-computer interaction interface and is used for displaying and storing recorded results.

8. A visual function screening method according to claim 6, wherein: the screening instrument comprises a box body, wherein the front end of the box body is provided with an observation window which is matched with two eyes and the pupil distance of which is adjustable;

an eyepiece disc corresponding to the observation window is arranged in the box body, the number of the eyepiece discs is multiple and is arranged in parallel, the eyepiece discs are rotationally connected to a moving frame, a plurality of lenses are arranged on the eyepiece discs, the lenses rotate along with the eyepiece discs, and the lenses and the observation window are arranged correspondingly in a stop state;

a camera bellows is arranged in the box body, the front end of the camera bellows corresponds to the two observation windows, and the rear end of the camera bellows is provided with a screen for imaging;

and a control panel is arranged in the box body and used for controlling screen content display and sound output.

9. A visual function screening method according to claim 8, wherein: the front end in the box body is provided with a support frame, the support frame is provided with an adjusting rod, the adjusting rod moves back and forth relative to the ocular lens disc, and the front end of the adjusting rod is provided with a baffle plate for supporting the forehead of a tester;

a loudspeaker is arranged in the box body and used for outputting an audio signal of a screen, a plurality of holes are formed in the area of the box body corresponding to the loudspeaker, and buttons are arranged on two sides of the front end of the box body and used for adjusting, selecting and feeding back volume;

the back end of the box body is provided with a power supply input port for supplying power to electrical components, a plurality of USB interfaces for externally connecting equipment or programs, an LAN port for accessing a network cable and a power switch, the front end of the box body is provided with a button for inputting signals by a tester, and the button is electrically connected with the control panel;

the lower part of the front end of the box body is provided with an avoidance area for avoiding the lower end of a tester or other facial organs, and the surface of the side surface of the box body for fixing the button is designed as an inclined surface.

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