CN114126901B - Air conditioner for vehicle - Google Patents

Air conditioner for vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114126901B
CN114126901B CN202080052352.5A CN202080052352A CN114126901B CN 114126901 B CN114126901 B CN 114126901B CN 202080052352 A CN202080052352 A CN 202080052352A CN 114126901 B CN114126901 B CN 114126901B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
heating
refrigerant
air
heating agent
heat exchanger
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
CN202080052352.5A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN114126901A (en
Inventor
石关徹也
荒木大典
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Sanden Automotive Climate Systems Corp
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Sanden Automotive Climate Systems Corp
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Publication of CN114126901A publication Critical patent/CN114126901A/en
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Publication of CN114126901B publication Critical patent/CN114126901B/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00007—Combined heating, ventilating, or cooling devices
    • B60H1/00021—Air flow details of HVAC devices
    • B60H1/00035—Air flow details of HVAC devices for sending an air stream of uniform temperature into the passenger compartment
    • B60H1/0005—Air flow details of HVAC devices for sending an air stream of uniform temperature into the passenger compartment the air being firstly cooled and subsequently heated or vice versa
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/22—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
    • B60H1/00278—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit for the battery
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
    • B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
    • B60H1/00885—Controlling the flow of heating or cooling liquid, e.g. valves or pumps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
    • B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
    • B60H1/00899—Controlling the flow of liquid in a heat pump system
    • B60H1/00921—Controlling the flow of liquid in a heat pump system where the flow direction of the refrigerant does not change and there is an extra subcondenser, e.g. in an air duct
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
    • B60H1/3228—Cooling devices using compression characterised by refrigerant circuit configurations
    • B60H1/32281—Cooling devices using compression characterised by refrigerant circuit configurations comprising a single secondary circuit, e.g. at evaporator or condenser side
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
    • B60H2001/00307—Component temperature regulation using a liquid flow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
    • B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
    • B60H2001/00928—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices comprising a secondary circuit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H2001/3286—Constructional features
    • B60H2001/3288—Additional heat source

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides an air conditioner for a vehicle, which can restrain the durability deterioration of a heating agent heating device as much as possible and improve the heating performance. It comprises the following steps: a refrigerant circuit (20) including an air flow path (11), a compressor (21), a radiator (16), a heat absorber (15), and an outdoor heat exchanger (22); an auxiliary heating unit (30) for circulating the heating agent heated by the heating agent heating device (32); a heat exchanger (27) for heating and cooling agent, which is connected in parallel to the heat absorber (15) and absorbs heat from the cooling agent flowing through the cooling agent flow path (20 c) to exchange heat with the heating agent; and a control device (40) that, when it is determined that the air conditioning operation using the refrigerant circuit (20) is enabled and that an auxiliary heating function needs to be added, controls the output of the heating agent heating device (32) to a predetermined output limit value or less and drives the device.

Description

Air conditioner for vehicle
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a vehicle air conditioner applied to a vehicle such as an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle.
Background
In recent years, in the automobile industry, in order to realize the CO oriented 2 In order to reduce the emission and save energy, research and development of vehicles (hereinafter, referred to as "electric vehicles") that run using an electric motor, such as hybrid vehicles, plug-in hybrid vehicles, and electric vehicles, are advancing. The air conditioning apparatus mounted on the electric vehicle uses the heat pump cycle, and can perform the heating operation even when electric running using the waste heat of the engine is not possible.
As an air conditioner using a heat pump system, for example, as disclosed in patent document 1 below, a refrigerant circuit is provided, to which: a compressor compressing and discharging a refrigerant; a radiator provided inside the vehicle cabin and functioning as a condenser that radiates heat from the refrigerant; a heat absorber provided inside the vehicle cabin and functioning as an evaporator that absorbs heat from the refrigerant; and an outdoor heat exchanger provided outside the vehicle cabin and functioning as an evaporator that absorbs heat from the refrigerant by the ventilation of outside air or as a condenser that dissipates heat from the refrigerant. The air conditioner can switch the following air conditioning modes, namely: a "heating mode" in which the refrigerant discharged from the compressor is radiated in the radiator and the refrigerant radiated in the radiator absorbs heat in the outdoor heat exchanger; a "cooling mode" in which the refrigerant discharged from the compressor is radiated in the outdoor heat exchanger and absorbed in the heat absorber; a "dehumidification and heating mode" in which the refrigerant discharged from the compressor is radiated in the radiator and the refrigerant radiated in the radiator absorbs heat in the heat absorber and the outdoor heat exchanger; and a "dehumidification cooling mode" in which the refrigerant discharged from the compressor is radiated in the radiator and the outdoor heat exchanger and absorbed in the heat absorber.
As means for realizing an auxiliary heating function when the outside air temperature is low (for example, 0 ℃ or lower), the air conditioner of patent document 1 includes a heating agent circulation circuit including: a circulation pump; heating agent heating means (ECH); and a heating agent-air heat exchanger provided in the air flow passage and upstream of the radiator with respect to the flow of air supplied to the air flow passage through which the air in the vehicle cabin flows. In this heating agent circulation circuit, the heating agent circulated by the circulation pump is heated by the heating agent heating device, and the heating agent-air heat exchanger provided in the air flow passage serves as a heating core to assist the heating operation.
Prior art literature
Patent literature
Patent document 1: japanese patent laid-open publication 2016-107745
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved by the invention
However, in the conventional air conditioning apparatus including the apparatus of patent document 1, for example, when the outside air temperature is extremely low, such as lower than-15 ℃, the mass flow rate compressed by the compressor decreases with a decrease in the density of the refrigerant, and the capacity of the compressor significantly decreases, so that normal heating operation cannot be performed.
In the case of the conventional air conditioner, if the heating element of the heating agent heating device is driven at the maximum output (100%), durability may be deteriorated and cause a failure, and thus, for example, the driving is limited so that the heater output becomes about 50% of the maximum output.
Therefore, in the conventional air conditioner, when the outside air temperature is extremely low, normal heating operation is not performed, and the output of the heating agent heating device is limited, so that the heating performance is low, and it is difficult to keep the environment in the cabin good.
The present invention aims to solve the conventional problems and provide an air conditioner for a vehicle, which can suppress deterioration of durability of a heating agent heating device as much as possible and improve heating performance.
Technical proposal adopted for solving the technical problems
In order to achieve the above object, a vehicle air conditioner according to the present invention includes: an air flow path through which air supplied to the cabin flows; a refrigerant circuit including a compressor that compresses a refrigerant, a radiator that radiates heat from the refrigerant, a heat absorber that absorbs heat from the refrigerant, and an outdoor heat exchanger that is provided outside a vehicle cabin and radiates or absorbs heat from the refrigerant; an auxiliary heating unit including a heating agent heating device for heating a heating agent and an air flow path internal heat exchanger provided in the air flow path and configured to radiate heat from the heating agent, the auxiliary heating unit being configured to circulate the heating agent heated by the heating agent heating device; a heat exchanger for heat exchange of the heating agent by absorbing heat from the refrigerant flowing through a 1 st refrigerant flow path formed between the outdoor heat exchanger and the heat absorber; an air-conditioning operation execution determination unit that determines whether or not air-conditioning operation using the refrigerant circuit is possible by the control device; an auxiliary heating execution determination unit that determines whether or not an auxiliary heating function is to be added; and a drive control unit that, when the air-conditioning operation execution determination unit determines that the air-conditioning operation using the refrigerant circuit is possible and the auxiliary heating execution determination unit determines that an auxiliary heating function needs to be added, limits the output of the heating agent heating device to a predetermined output limit value or less and drives the device.
In the vehicle air conditioner, the output limit value may be set to 50% or less of the maximum output of the heating agent heating device.
Preferably, the vehicle air conditioner may further include an outside air temperature determination unit configured to determine whether or not an outside air temperature is equal to or less than a predetermined temperature threshold value, wherein the refrigerant circuit includes: a 3 rd refrigerant flow passage branching from a 2 nd refrigerant flow passage formed between the radiator and the outdoor heat exchanger, bypassing the outdoor heat exchanger and connected to the 1 st refrigerant flow passage, the auxiliary heating portion including: a 1 st heating agent circulation circuit for allowing the heating agent heated by the heating agent heating device to flow into the heating agent heating device again through the heating agent-refrigerant heat exchanger; and a 2 nd heating agent circulation circuit that causes the heating agent heated by the heating agent heating device to flow into the heating agent-refrigerant heat exchanger, causes the heating agent flowing out of the heating agent-refrigerant heat exchanger to flow into the in-air-flow passage heat exchanger, causes the heating agent flowing out of the in-air-flow passage heat exchanger to flow into the heating agent heating device again, and causes the drive control unit to circulate the heating agent in the 1 st heating agent circulation circuit and cause the heating agent circulated in the 1 st heating agent circulation circuit to exchange heat with the refrigerant flowing into the heating agent-refrigerant heat exchanger through the 3 rd refrigerant circulation passage if the outside air temperature is determined to be equal to or lower than the temperature threshold value by the outside air temperature determination unit.
In the vehicle air conditioning apparatus, it is preferable that the drive control unit is configured to release the output restriction based on the output restriction value of the heating agent heating device, and to heat the air flowing through the air flow path by circulating the heating agent through the 2 nd heating agent circulation circuit when it is determined in the air conditioning operation execution determination unit that the air conditioning operation using the refrigerant circuit is possible but the air conditioning operation is not performed or the air conditioning operation using the refrigerant circuit is not possible.
Effects of the invention
According to the present invention, deterioration of durability of a heating device for a heating agent can be suppressed as much as possible, and heating performance can be improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating an air conditioner for a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing a control system.
Fig. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of a vehicle air conditioner showing flow paths of a refrigerant and a heating agent in the 1 st auxiliary heating mode.
Fig. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of a vehicle air conditioner showing the flow paths of the refrigerant and the heating agent in the 2 nd normal auxiliary heating mode.
Fig. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram of a vehicle air conditioner illustrating flow paths of a refrigerant and a heating agent in an auxiliary heating mode at a low temperature.
Fig. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram of a vehicular air conditioner showing a flow path of a heating agent in an emergency auxiliary heating mode.
Fig. 7 is a flowchart showing the processing content at the time of heating mode selection.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, modes for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The embodiments described herein are illustrated for the purpose of embodying the technical idea of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. Other embodiments, examples, and techniques for operating the present invention, which are conceivable to those skilled in the art, are all included in the scope and spirit of the present invention, and are also included in the invention described in the claims and their equivalents.
In the drawings attached to the present specification, for convenience of illustration and understanding, scales, aspect ratios, shapes, and the like may be appropriately changed from actual objects and schematically represented, but this is merely an example, and does not limit the explanation of the present invention.
The vehicle air conditioner 1 of the present invention is applied to, for example, an electric vehicle such as a hybrid vehicle, a plug-in hybrid vehicle, or an electric vehicle that can run by using the driving force of an electric motor.
In the present specification, the "temperature adjustment target device" is an in-vehicle device (in-vehicle heat generating device) mounted on an electric vehicle, and used during running or driving of the vehicle, such as a "battery", "motor", "inverter", and "ECU (electronic control unit)", which may be a heat source for generating heat during driving, and is cooled or heated to adjust the temperature so as to have an appropriate driving temperature. In this embodiment, an embodiment example of cooling a "battery" will be described as the temperature adjustment target device 100.
[ device outline ]
Fig. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a vehicle air conditioner 1 according to the present embodiment.
As shown in fig. 1 or 2, the vehicle air conditioner 1 is a device that performs air conditioning (heating, cooling, dehumidification, or ventilation) of the interior of a vehicle cabin. The air conditioning device 1 for a vehicle includes: an air conditioning unit 10 provided in a cabin of a vehicle; a refrigerant circuit 20 provided across the inside and outside of the vehicle cabin; an auxiliary heating unit 30 for cooling the temperature adjustment target device 100; and a control device 40 that performs drive control of each part constituting the vehicle air conditioner 1 in a unified manner.
< air Conditioning Unit >
The air conditioning unit 10 has an air flow path 11 for circulating air supplied into the vehicle cabin.
An air intake port 12 is provided at one end side of the air flow passage 11, and includes an outside air intake port 12a for allowing air outside the vehicle cabin to flow into the air flow passage 11, and an inside air intake port 12b for allowing air inside the vehicle cabin to flow into the air flow passage 11.
Further, an intake port switching damper 13 is provided on one end side of the air flow path 11, and is capable of opening one of the outside air intake port 12a and the inside air intake port 12b and closing the other. An indoor fan 14 such as a sirocco fan for circulating air from one end side to the other end side of the air flow path 11 is provided at one end side of the air flow path 11.
An air outlet is provided at the other end side of the air flow passage 11, and blows out air flowing through the air flow passage 11 to a predetermined portion in the vehicle cabin. The air outlets include an unillustrated foot air outlet that blows out toward the underfoot of the passenger, an unillustrated ventilation air outlet that blows out toward the upper body of the passenger, and an unillustrated defrost air outlet that blows out toward the surface inside the cabin of the windshield of the vehicle, and are provided with unillustrated air outlet switching dampers that switch the blowing direction of the air from each air outlet.
A heat absorber 15 for cooling and dehumidifying air flowing through the air flow passage 11 is provided on the downstream side of the indoor blower 14 in the air flow passage 11 in the air flow direction. Further, a radiator 16 for heating the air flowing through the air flow passage 11 is provided on the downstream side of the heat absorber 15 in the air flow passage 11 in the air flow direction.
The radiator 16 is disposed on one side of the airflow path 11 in the orthogonal direction, and a bypass flow path 11a is formed on the other side of the airflow path 11 in the orthogonal direction so as to bypass the radiator 16. An air mixing damper 17 for adjusting the air volume ratio between the air flowing into the radiator 16 and the air flowing through the bypass flow path 11a, among the air passing through the heat absorber 15, is provided between the heat absorber 15 and the radiator 16 in the air flow path 11. The location of the radiator 16 is not limited to the air flow passage 11, and may be outside the air conditioning unit 10.
The air mix damper 17 closes the upstream side in the air flow direction of either one of the bypass flow path 11a and the radiator 16 and opens the other, or adjusts the opening degree of the upstream side in the air flow direction of the radiator 16 to open both the bypass flow path 11a and the radiator 16, in accordance with the set operation mode (air conditioning mode, equipment cooling mode). The temperature of the air-conditioning air blown out from the air conditioning unit 10 into the vehicle cabin can be adjusted by adjusting the opening position of the air mix door 17.
< refrigerant Circuit >)
The refrigerant circuit 20 includes: the heat absorber 15 and the radiator 16; a compressor 21 for compressing a refrigerant; an outdoor heat exchanger 22 for heat-exchanging refrigerant and air outside the vehicle cabin; an electronic expansion valve 23 (1 st expansion valve 23a, 2 nd expansion valve 23b, and 3 rd expansion valve 23 c) capable of adjusting the valve opening between fully open and fully closed; a solenoid valve 24 (1 st solenoid valve 24a, 2 nd solenoid valve 24 b) for opening and closing a flow path of the refrigerant; a check valve 25 (1 st check valve 25a, 2 nd check valve 25 b) for restricting the flow direction of the refrigerant in the flow path of the refrigerant; an accumulator 26 for separating the gaseous refrigerant from the liquid refrigerant and sucking the gaseous refrigerant into the compressor 21; and a refrigerant-refrigerant heat exchanger 27 that exchanges heat between the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant circuit 20 and the refrigerant flowing in the auxiliary heating portion 30. The refrigerant is circulated through the refrigerant flow passages 20a to 20g formed by refrigerant piping such as aluminum pipes, copper pipes, and the like, and is connected to each portion constituting the refrigerant circuit 20. As the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circuit 20, R-134a or the like is used, for example.
The outdoor heat exchanger 22 is disposed outside the cabin such as the engine compartment so that the flow direction of the air that exchanges heat with the refrigerant is the front-rear direction of the vehicle. An outdoor fan 22a for circulating air outside the cabin in the front-rear direction when the vehicle is stopped is provided in the vicinity of the outdoor heat exchanger 22.
The refrigerant circuit 20 includes a refrigerant flow path 20a connecting the refrigerant discharge side of the compressor 21 to the refrigerant inflow side of the radiator 16, and a refrigerant flow path 20b connecting the refrigerant discharge side of the heater 16 to the refrigerant inflow side of the outdoor heat exchanger 22 (corresponding to "the 2 nd refrigerant flow path" in the claims). The refrigerant flow passage 20b is provided with a 1 st expansion valve 23a.
The refrigerant circuit 20 is formed with a refrigerant flow path 20c (corresponding to the "1 st refrigerant flow path" in the claims) connecting the refrigerant outflow side of the outdoor heat exchanger 22 and the refrigerant inflow side of the heat absorber 15. The refrigerant flow path 20c is provided with a 1 st check valve 25a and a 2 nd expansion valve 23b in this order from the outdoor heat exchanger 22 side.
The refrigerant circuit 20 is formed with a refrigerant flow path 20d connecting the refrigerant outflow side of the heat absorber 15 and the refrigerant suction side of the compressor 21. The refrigerant flow path 20d is provided with a 2 nd check valve 25b and an accumulator 26 in this order from the heat absorber 15 side.
In the refrigerant circuit 20, a refrigerant flow path 20e is formed between the radiator 16 and the 1 st expansion valve 23a in the refrigerant flow path 20b, bypasses the outdoor heat exchanger 22, and connects between the 1 st check valve 25a and the 2 nd expansion valve 23b in the refrigerant flow path 20 c. The refrigerant flow passage 20e is provided with a 1 st electromagnetic valve 24a.
In the refrigerant circuit 20, a refrigerant flow path 20f (corresponding to the "5 th refrigerant flow path" in the claims) connecting the heat absorber 15 and the 1 st check valve 25b in the refrigerant flow path 20d is formed between the outdoor heat exchanger 22 and the 1 st check valve 25a in the refrigerant flow path 20 c. The refrigerant flow passage 20f is provided with a 2 nd electromagnetic valve 24b.
In the refrigerant circuit 20, a refrigerant flow path 20g is formed between the 1 st check valve 25a and the 2 nd expansion valve 23b, and is connected to the refrigerant inflow side of the heat exchanger 27, and is connected between the 2 nd check valve 25b and the accumulator 26 in the refrigerant flow path 20d from the refrigerant outflow side of the heat exchanger 27. The 3 rd expansion valve 23c is provided on the refrigerant inflow side of the heating-refrigerant heat exchanger 27 in the refrigerant flow passage 20 g. The refrigerant flow passage 20g is a passage through which the refrigerant branched from the refrigerant flow passage 20c passes through the heat-to-refrigerant heat exchanger 27 and then flows into the refrigerant flow passage 20 d. In the refrigerant circuit 20, if the refrigerant flows into the refrigerant flow path 20g, the refrigerant is depressurized by the 3 rd expansion valve 23c and flows into the refrigerant-refrigerant heat exchanger 27. The refrigerant flowing into the heat-to-refrigerant heat exchanger 27 exchanges heat with the heating agent evaporated in the heat-to-refrigerant heat exchanger 27 and flowing through the auxiliary heating unit 30.
< auxiliary heating portion >)
The auxiliary heating unit 30 is configured by a circuit for circulating a heating agent (for example, water, a refrigerant such as HFO-1234yf, a liquid such as a coolant, or air) through a battery as the temperature adjustment target device 100 to adjust the temperature of the temperature adjustment target device 100.
The auxiliary heating unit 30 includes: a circulation pump 31 as a circulation means for circulating the heating agent; a heating agent heating device (ECH) 32 for heating the heating agent; a direction switching valve 33 such as a three-way valve for switching the flow direction of the heating agent circulating in the auxiliary heating unit 30; an in-air-passage heat exchanger (heating core) 34 provided between the heat absorber 15 and the radiator 16 in the air flow direction in the air conditioning unit 10 and configured to exchange heat between the heating agent and air.
In the auxiliary heating unit 30, a circulation pump 31, a heating agent heating device 32, a heating agent-refrigerant heat exchanger 27, a temperature adjustment target device 100, and an air flow path internal heat exchanger 34 are annularly connected by heating agent piping, and a heating agent circulation circuit 30a capable of switching the flow path of the heating agent by a direction switching valve 33 is formed.
In fig. 1, the heating agent circulation circuit 30a is formed with a "1 st heating agent circulation circuit 30b" which is obtained by connecting the discharge side of the circulation pump 31 to the heating agent inflow side of the heating agent heating device 32 via the heating agent piping, connecting the heating agent outflow side of the heating agent heating device 32 to the heating agent inflow side of the heating agent-refrigerant heat exchanger 27, connecting the heating agent outflow side of the heating agent-refrigerant heat exchanger 27 to the heating agent inflow side of the temperature adjustment target device 100 via the direction switching valve 33, and connecting the heating agent outflow side of the temperature adjustment target device 100 to the heating agent suction side (inflow side) of the circulation pump 31. In the 1 st heating agent circulation circuit 30b, when the circulation pump 31 is started, the heating agent flows from the circulation pump 31 to the "heating agent heating device 32" → "heating agent-refrigerant heat exchanger 27" → "direction switching valve 33" → "temperature adjustment target device 100" in order, and returns to the circulation pump 31 again.
In fig. 1, the heating agent circulation circuit 30a is formed as a "2 nd heating agent circulation circuit 30c" which is obtained by connecting the heating agent outflow side of the heating agent-refrigerant heat exchanger 27 to the heating agent inflow side of the air flow passage internal heat exchanger 34 via the direction switching valve 33 and connecting the heating agent outflow side of the air flow passage internal heat exchanger 34 to the heating agent intake side of the circulation pump 31 through the heating agent piping. In the 2 nd heating agent circulation circuit 30c, when the circulation pump 31 is started, the heating agent flows from the circulation pump 31 to the "heating agent heating device 32" → "heating agent-refrigerant heat exchanger 27" → "direction switching valve 33" → "air flow path internal heat exchanger 34" → "circulation pump 31" in this order, and returns to the circulation pump 31 again.
Control device
The control device 40 is formed of an ECU (electronic control unit) including a well-known microcomputer such as CPU, ROM, RAM and its peripheral circuits. The control device 40 performs various calculations and processes based on a control program stored in the ROM to control the operation of various control objects connected to the output side.
As shown in fig. 2, the control device 40 is connected to: an outside air temperature sensor 41 for detecting the temperature outside the cabin; an inside air temperature sensor 42 for detecting the temperature in the cabin; a heat absorber temperature sensor 43 for detecting the temperature of the heat absorber 15 (the temperature of the air passing through the heat absorber 15, the temperature of the heat absorber 15 itself, or the temperature of the refrigerant just leaving the heat absorber 15); a radiator temperature sensor 44 for detecting the temperature of the radiator 16 (the temperature of air passing through the radiator 16, the temperature of the radiator 16 itself, or the temperature of refrigerant just leaving the radiator 16); an inside air humidity sensor 45 for detecting humidity in the vehicle cabin; a blowout temperature sensor 46 for detecting the temperature of air blown out from the air outlet into the cabin; a heat absorber pressure sensor 47 for detecting the refrigerant pressure of the heat absorber 15 (the pressure of the refrigerant in the heat absorber 15 or just leaving the heat absorber 15); a radiator pressure sensor 48 for detecting the refrigerant pressure of the radiator 16 (the pressure of the refrigerant in the radiator 16 or just leaving the radiator 16); a discharge pressure sensor 49 for detecting a discharge refrigerant pressure of the compressor 21; a compressor temperature sensor 50 for detecting the temperature of the refrigerant sucked into the compressor 21 and the temperature of the discharged refrigerant; a suction pressure sensor 51 for detecting suction refrigerant pressure of the compressor 21; an outdoor heat exchanger temperature sensor 52 for detecting the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 22 (the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 22 itself, or the temperature of the refrigerant just leaving the outdoor heat exchanger 22); an outdoor heat exchanger pressure sensor 53 for detecting the refrigerant pressure of the outdoor heat exchanger 22 (the pressure of the refrigerant in the outdoor heat exchanger 22 or just leaving the outdoor heat exchanger 22); an in-air-passage heat exchanger temperature sensor 54 for detecting the temperature of the in-air-passage heat exchanger 34 (the temperature of the in-air-passage heat exchanger 34 itself, the temperature of the heating agent just leaving the in-air-passage heat exchanger 34, or the temperature of the heating agent entering the in-air-passage heat exchanger 34); a solar sensor 55, for example, a photoelectric sensor, for detecting the amount of solar radiation; a speed sensor 56 for detecting the speed of the vehicle; a device temperature sensor 57 for detecting the temperature of the temperature-adjustment target device 100 (the temperature of the temperature-adjustment target device 100 itself, the temperature of the heating agent leaving the temperature-adjustment target device 100, or the temperature of the heating agent entering the temperature-adjustment target device 100); and a setting operation unit 58 for setting the setting of the temperature set in the cabin and the switching of the operation contents of the air conditioner by the passenger. Each sensor is provided in a vehicle interior (or outside the vehicle) and can detect a position of information to be detected.
As shown in fig. 2, the control device 40 is connected to the indoor fan 14, the air mixing damper 17, the compressor 21, the outdoor fan 22a, the expansion valve 23 (1 st to 3 rd expansion valves 23a to 23 c), the solenoid valve 24 (1 st and 2 nd solenoid valves 24a and 24 b), the heating agent heater 32, and the direction switching valve 33.
The control device 40 performs drive control of each connected part based on information detected by each sensor and an operation signal from the setting operation unit 58. Further, if a setting instruction of the operation mode is input from the setting operation section 58, the control device 40 performs driving control of each section to execute, as the operation mode, an "air conditioning mode" of driving the air conditioning unit 10 and the refrigerant circuit 20 to manage the air conditioning in the vehicle cabin, and an "auxiliary heating mode" of operating with an auxiliary heating function added to the heating mode set as the air conditioning mode.
When the auxiliary heating mode is executed, the control device 40 limits the output of the heating agent heating device 32 to be driven so as to be equal to or less than the preset output limit value when it is determined that the air conditioning operation using the refrigerant circuit 20 is possible. The output limit value is also based on the device performance of the heating agent heating device 32, but may be set to be approximately 50% or less of the maximum output in order to prevent deterioration of durability due to driving the heating agent heating device 32 at the maximum output.
When the auxiliary heating mode is executed, the control device 40 releases the output of the heating agent heating device 32 based on the output limit value and can be driven to the maximum output only when it is determined that the air conditioning operation using the refrigerant circuit 20 is possible but the air conditioning operation is not performed or the air conditioning operation using the refrigerant circuit 20 is not possible.
Further, it is determined whether or not the air conditioning operation using the refrigerant circuit 20 is possible by the control device 40, and the determination is comprehensively made in view of the outside air temperature, the temperature of the refrigerant sucked into the compressor 21, the discharge pressure of the compressor 21, and the like. The control device 40 makes a judgment of "no (or no) air-conditioning operation using the refrigerant circuit 20" so as to prevent the malfunction of the compressor 21, not only when the compressor 21 itself is malfunctioning and not driven, but also when the capacity of the compressor 21 is extremely lowered, for example, when the refrigerant temperature is too low.
Next, an operation mode of the vehicle air conditioner 1 according to the present embodiment, that is, an "air conditioning mode" will be described.
The air conditioning mode is a mode for performing air conditioning management such as temperature/humidity adjustment in the vehicle cabin, and includes a "cooling mode" for performing cooling operation for reducing the temperature in the vehicle cabin, a "dehumidification cooling mode" for performing dehumidification cooling operation for reducing the temperature while reducing the humidity in the vehicle cabin, a "heating mode" for performing heating operation for increasing the temperature in the vehicle cabin, and a "dehumidification heating mode" for performing dehumidification heating operation for increasing the temperature while reducing the humidity in the vehicle cabin.
< refrigeration mode >)
In the cooling mode, in the air conditioning unit 10, the indoor blower 14 is driven, and the opening degree of the air mixing damper 17 is set so that air does not flow into the radiator 16 side. In the refrigerant circuit 20, the 1 st expansion valve 23a is fully opened, the 2 nd expansion valve 23b is set to a predetermined valve opening, the 1 st electromagnetic valve 24a and the 2 nd electromagnetic valve 24b are closed, and the compressor 21 is driven in this state.
Thus, the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circuit 20 is discharged from the compressor 21, passes through the radiator 16 and the 1 st expansion valve 23a, and flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 22. The refrigerant flowing into the outdoor heat exchanger 22 is cooled by the outside air ventilated by the outdoor blower 22a and condensed.
If the refrigerant flowing out of the outdoor heat exchanger 22 passes through the 1 st check valve 25a and reaches the 2 nd expansion valve 23b, it flows into the heat absorber 15 and evaporates after being depressurized. The refrigerant flowing out of the heat absorber 15 passes through the 2 nd check valve 25b and flows into the accumulator 26, and is sucked into the compressor 21 after being separated into gas and liquid. The refrigerant circulates in the refrigerant circuit 20 along the path described above.
The air flowing through the air flow passage 11 is cooled to a target blowout temperature by heat exchange with the refrigerant having absorbed heat in the heat absorber 15, and blown out into the vehicle cabin.
< dehumidification refrigeration mode >)
In the dehumidification cooling mode, the opening degree of the air conditioning unit 10 is set so as to ventilate both the bypass flow passage 11a and the air mix door 17. In the refrigerant circuit 20, the 1 st expansion valve 23a is fully opened, the 2 nd expansion valve 23b is set to a predetermined valve opening, the 1 st electromagnetic valve 24a and the 2 nd electromagnetic valve 24b are closed, and the compressor 21 is driven in this state.
As a result, the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circuit 20 is discharged from the compressor 21, flows into the radiator 16, exchanges heat with the air in the air flow path 11, and is cooled by being taken away, and is condensed. If the refrigerant flowing out of the radiator 16 reaches the 1 st expansion valve 23a, the refrigerant flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 22 after being depressurized. The refrigerant flowing into the outdoor heat exchanger 22 is cooled by the outside air ventilated by the outdoor blower 22a, and condensed.
If the refrigerant flowing out of the outdoor heat exchanger 22 passes through the 1 st check valve 25a and reaches the 2 nd expansion valve 23b, it flows into the heat absorber 15 and evaporates after being depressurized. The refrigerant flowing out of the heat absorber 15 passes through the 2 nd check valve 25b and flows into the accumulator 26, and is sucked into the compressor 21 after being separated into gas and liquid. The refrigerant circulates in the refrigerant circuit 20 along the path described above.
The air flowing through the air flow passage 11 exchanges heat with the refrigerant having absorbed heat in the heat absorber 15, is cooled and dehumidified, exchanges heat with the refrigerant having dissipated heat in the radiator 16, is reheated, and is adjusted to a target blowout temperature and blown into the vehicle cabin.
< heating mode >)
In the heating mode, in the air conditioning unit 10, the indoor blower 14 is driven, and the opening degree of the air mix door 17 is set so that air is ventilated to the radiator 16. In the refrigerant circuit 20, the 1 st expansion valve 23a is set to a predetermined valve opening smaller than the full opening, the 2 nd expansion valve 23b and the 1 st solenoid valve 24a are closed, the 2 nd solenoid valve 24b is set to the full opening, and the compressor 21 is driven in this state.
As a result, the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circuit 20 is discharged from the compressor 21, flows into the radiator 16, exchanges heat with the air in the air flow path 11, and is cooled by being taken away, and is condensed. If the refrigerant flowing out of the radiator 16 reaches the 1 st expansion valve 23a, the refrigerant flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 22 after being depressurized. The refrigerant flowing into the outdoor heat exchanger 22 evaporates and absorbs heat from the outside air ventilated by the outdoor blower 22 a.
The refrigerant flowing out of the outdoor heat exchanger 22 flows into the accumulator 26 through the 2 nd electromagnetic valve 24b and the 2 nd check valve 25b, and is sucked into the compressor 21 after gas-liquid separation. The refrigerant circulates in the refrigerant circuit 20 along the path described above.
The air flowing through the air flow passage 11 is adjusted to a target blowout temperature by heat exchange with the refrigerant radiating heat in the radiator 16, and blown out into the vehicle cabin.
< dehumidification heating mode >)
The dehumidification and heating mode includes a 1 st dehumidification and heating mode and a 2 nd dehumidification and heating mode.
(1 st dehumidification and heating mode)
In the 1 st dehumidification and heating mode, in the air conditioning unit 10, the indoor fan 14 is driven and the opening degree is set so that ventilation is performed to both the bypass flow path 11a and the air mixing damper 17. In the refrigerant circuit 20, the 1 st expansion valve 23a and the 2 nd expansion valve 23b are set to predetermined valve openings smaller than the full opening, respectively, and the 1 st electromagnetic valve 24a and the 2 nd electromagnetic valve 24b are set to be closed, and the compressor 21 is driven in this state.
As a result, the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circuit 20 is discharged from the compressor 21, flows into the radiator 16, exchanges heat with the air in the air flow path 11, and is cooled by being taken away, and is condensed. If the refrigerant flowing out of the radiator 16 reaches the 1 st expansion valve 23a, the refrigerant flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 22 after being depressurized. The refrigerant flowing into the outdoor heat exchanger 22 evaporates and absorbs heat from the outside air ventilated by the outdoor blower 22 a.
If the refrigerant flowing out of the outdoor heat exchanger 22 passes through the 1 st check valve 25a and reaches the 2 nd expansion valve 23b, it flows into the heat absorber 15 and evaporates after being depressurized. The refrigerant flowing out of the heat absorber 15 passes through the 2 nd check valve 25b and flows into the accumulator 26, and is sucked into the compressor 21 after being separated into gas and liquid. The refrigerant circulates in the refrigerant circuit 20 along the path described above.
The air flowing through the air flow passage 11 is dehumidified and cooled by heat exchange with the refrigerant having absorbed heat in the heat absorber 15, heated by heat exchange with the refrigerant having dissipated heat in the radiator 16, and blown out into the vehicle cabin while being adjusted to a target blowout temperature.
(2 nd dehumidification and heating mode)
In the 2 nd dehumidification and heating mode, in the air conditioning unit 10, the indoor fan 14 is driven and the opening degree is set so that ventilation is performed to both the bypass flow path 11a and the air mixing damper 17. In the refrigerant circuit 20, the 1 st expansion valve 23a is closed, the 2 nd expansion valve 23b is set to a predetermined valve opening, the 1 st solenoid valve 24a is opened, and the 2 nd solenoid valve 24b is closed, and the compressor 21 is driven in this state.
As a result, the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circuit 20 is discharged from the compressor 21, flows into the radiator 16, exchanges heat with the air in the air flow path 11, and is cooled by being taken away, and is condensed. If the refrigerant flowing out of the radiator 16 passes through the 1 st electromagnetic valve 24a and reaches the 2 nd expansion valve 23b, it flows into the heat absorber 15 after being depressurized and evaporated. The refrigerant flowing out of the heat absorber 15 passes through the 2 nd check valve 25b and flows into the accumulator 26, and is sucked into the compressor 21 after being separated into gas and liquid. The refrigerant circulates in the refrigerant circuit 20 along the path described above.
The air flowing through the air flow passage 11 exchanges heat with the refrigerant that absorbs heat in the heat absorber 15, is cooled, exchanges heat with the refrigerant that radiates heat in the radiator 16, is heated, and is adjusted to a target blowout temperature and is blown out into the vehicle cabin.
Next, an "auxiliary heating mode" executed by the vehicle air conditioner 1 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 3 to 6. The arrows shown in the figures indicate the flow of the refrigerant or the heating agent when the corresponding mode is executed.
The "auxiliary heating mode" is a mode that is switched when the controller 40 determines that the auxiliary heating function is necessary when the "heating mode" is set as the air conditioning mode. That is, when the user sets the heating mode, the control device 40 determines that the heating mode is set to the "heating mode" when the auxiliary heating function is not required, and the "auxiliary heating mode" is executed when the auxiliary heating function is required.
The "auxiliary heating mode" includes: a "normal auxiliary heating mode" and a "low-temperature auxiliary heating mode" capable of performing an air conditioning operation using the refrigerant circuit 20, the operation performed in the heating mode and the auxiliary heating function being set as an air conditioning operation; and an "emergency auxiliary heating mode" that is set when it is determined that the air conditioning operation using the refrigerant circuit is possible but the air conditioning operation is not performed or the air conditioning operation using the refrigerant circuit 20 is not performed, for example, when the outside air temperature is extremely low below-15 ℃ or when the compressor 21 itself fails.
The "normal assist heating mode" and the "low-temperature assist heating mode" are selected and set based on the determination result obtained by comparing the outside air temperature with the preset mode selection temperature threshold value by the control device 40. The mode selection temperature threshold is set to, for example, "-10 ℃ at which the capacity of the compressor 21 starts to decrease, and the control unit 40 sets" normal auxiliary heating mode "when the outside air temperature is higher than-10 ℃ and" low-temperature auxiliary heating mode "when the outside air temperature is lower than-10 ℃.
In the present embodiment, the auxiliary heating mode is described as a mode that is set on the premise that the heating mode is set, but the auxiliary heating mode may be set alone when the dehumidification heating mode is set or when the heating mode is not set.
< general auxiliary heating mode >)
The auxiliary heating mode is typically the following: for example, when the outside air temperature is set to a temperature of "0 ℃ to-9 ℃ at which an auxiliary heating function is required, the air flowing through the air flow passage 11 is heated in the heating mode, and the air flowing through the air flow passage 11 is heated in an auxiliary manner by the heating agent heated by the heating agent heating device 32. The general auxiliary heating mode includes "1 st general auxiliary heating mode" and "2 nd general auxiliary heating mode". In the normal auxiliary heating mode, the heating agent circulates in the 2 nd heating agent circulation circuit 30c so as to flow to the in-air flow passage heat exchanger 34 serving as a heating core. In the 1 st normal auxiliary heating mode and the 2 nd normal auxiliary heating mode, the output of the heating agent heating device 32 is limited so as to be equal to or less than a preset output limit value.
(1 st general auxiliary heating mode)
In fig. 3, the flow of the refrigerant and the heating agent in the 1 st general auxiliary heating mode is shown. Since the flow of the refrigerant in the heating mode performed in the auxiliary heating mode in the 1 st general mode is the same as the flow of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 20 in the heating mode described above, the description thereof will be omitted.
As shown in fig. 3, if the heating agent in the auxiliary heating portion 30 in the 1 st normal auxiliary heating mode is discharged from the circulation pump 31, the heating agent flows into the heating agent heating device 32. The heating agent flowing into the heating agent heating device 32 is heated to a predetermined temperature, and then flows into the air flow passage internal heat exchanger 34 through the heating agent-refrigerant heat exchanger 27.
The heating agent flowing into the air flow passage internal heat exchanger 34 exchanges heat with the air flowing through the air flow passage 11. Then, the heating agent flowing out of the air flow passage internal heat exchanger 34 is sucked into the circulation pump 31.
In the 1 st normal auxiliary heating mode, the air flowing through the air flow path 11 is heated by the in-air flow path heat exchanger 34, and the air is further heated by the radiator 16.
(2 nd general auxiliary heating mode)
In fig. 4, the flow of the refrigerant and the heating agent in the 2 nd general auxiliary heating mode is shown. As shown in fig. 4, the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 20 in the heating mode in the 2 nd normal auxiliary heating mode is discharged from the compressor 21, flows into the radiator 16, exchanges heat with the air in the air flow path 11, and is cooled by taking away the heat, and is condensed. If the refrigerant flowing out of the radiator 16 reaches the 1 st expansion valve 23a, the refrigerant flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 22 after being depressurized. The refrigerant flowing into the outdoor heat exchanger 22 evaporates and absorbs heat from the outside air ventilated by the outdoor blower 22 a.
The refrigerant flowing out of the outdoor heat exchanger 22 flows into the accumulator 26 through the 2 nd electromagnetic valve 24b and the 2 nd check valve 25b, and is sucked into the compressor 21 after gas-liquid separation. The refrigerant circulates in the refrigerant circuit 20 along the path described above.
Further, a part of the refrigerant flowing out of the radiator 16 bypasses the refrigerant flow passage 20e through the 1 st electromagnetic valve 24a, and reaches the 3 rd expansion valve 23c through the refrigerant flow passage 20 c. The refrigerant reaching the 3 rd expansion valve 23c flows into the heating agent-refrigerant heat exchanger 27 after being depressurized and evaporated to absorb heat of the heating agent. Then, the refrigerant flowing out of the heating-refrigerant heat exchanger 27 flows into the accumulator 26, and is separated into gas and liquid, and thereafter, is subjected to the heat absorption compressor 21.
If the heating agent in the auxiliary heating portion 30 in the 2 nd normal auxiliary heating mode is discharged from the circulation pump 31, the heating agent flows into the heating agent heating device 32. The heating agent flowing into the heating agent heating device 32 is heated to a predetermined temperature and then flows into the heating agent-refrigerant heat exchanger 27.
The heating agent flowing into the heating agent-refrigerant heat exchanger 27 exchanges heat with the refrigerant flowing into the heating agent-refrigerant heat exchanger 27, and then flows into the air flow path inner heat exchanger 34. The heating agent flowing into the air flow passage internal heat exchanger 34 exchanges heat with the air flowing through the air flow passage 11. Then, the heating agent flowing out of the air flow passage internal heat exchanger 34 is sucked into the circulation pump 31.
In the 2 nd normal auxiliary heating mode, the air flowing through the air flow passage 11 is heated by the in-air flow passage heat exchanger 34 in the same manner as in the 1 st auxiliary heating mode, and the air flows into the radiator 16 and is further heated.
In the normal auxiliary heating mode, in order to prevent the capacity of the compressor 21 from decreasing with a decrease in the temperature of the refrigerant, the refrigerant-refrigerant heat exchanger 27 exchanges heat between the refrigerant heated by the refrigerant heater 32 and the refrigerant before being sucked into the compressor 21 to raise the temperature of the refrigerant.
Auxiliary heating mode at low temperature
The auxiliary heating mode at low temperature is as follows: for example, when the outside air temperature is low, such as from-10 ℃ to-15 ℃, which is lower than the temperature at which the normal auxiliary heating mode is set, the air flowing through the air flow passage 11 is heated by the heating mode, and the refrigerant is heat-exchanged with the refrigerant before being sucked into the compressor 21 by the refrigerant-refrigerant heat exchanger 27 after being heated by the refrigerant heating device 32, so that the temperature of the refrigerant is raised. In the low-temperature auxiliary heating mode, the heating agent circulates in the 1 st heating agent circulation circuit 30b so as not to flow to the in-air flow passage heat exchanger 34 serving as a heating core. In the low-temperature auxiliary heating mode, the output of the heating agent heating device 32 is limited to a value equal to or less than a preset output limit value, as in the normal auxiliary heating mode.
Fig. 5 shows the flow of the refrigerant and the heating agent in the auxiliary heating mode at low temperature. The flow of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 20 in the auxiliary heating mode at low temperature is the same as that in the 2 nd normal auxiliary heating mode, and therefore, the description thereof will be omitted.
As shown in fig. 5, if the heating agent in the auxiliary heating portion 30 in the auxiliary heating mode at the time of low temperature is discharged from the circulation pump 31, the heating agent flows into the heating agent heating device 32. The heating agent flowing into the heating agent heating device 32 is heated to a predetermined temperature and then flows into the heating agent-refrigerant heat exchanger 27.
The heating agent flowing into the heating agent-refrigerant heat exchanger 27 exchanges heat with the refrigerant flowing into the heating agent-refrigerant heat exchanger 27, and then flows into the temperature adjustment target device 100. The heating agent flowing into the temperature adjustment target device 100 adjusts the temperature of the temperature adjustment target device 100, and is then sucked into the circulation pump 31.
In the low-temperature auxiliary heating mode, the outside air temperature may be as low as-10 ℃ to-15 ℃, and the heat exchange between the refrigerant in the outdoor heat exchanger 22 and the outside air may be insufficient, but the temperature of the refrigerant is increased by exchanging heat between the refrigerant heated by the refrigerant heating device 32 and the refrigerant in the refrigerant-refrigerant heat exchanger 27, so that the temperature of the temperature adjustment target device 100 can be adjusted, and the heat exchange with the refrigerant can be performed.
In the auxiliary heating mode at low temperature, the refrigerant is not allowed to flow through the in-air-passage heat exchanger 34, and the suction pressure of the compressor 21 is increased as compared with the case of the normal heating mode, so that the output of the compressor 21 can be increased, and therefore, the output of the refrigerant heating device 32 can be suppressed.
Further, in the low-temperature auxiliary heating mode, deterioration of the life and performance of the battery of the temperature adjustment target device 100 can be prevented, and therefore, the temperature of the heating agent can be adjusted so that the driving temperature falls within a range of, for example, 10 ℃ to 40 ℃.
< auxiliary heating mode during Emergency >)
The emergency auxiliary heating mode is as follows: for example, when the outside air temperature is lower than-15 ℃ and becomes extremely low, and the temperature of the refrigerant is too low, and there is a possibility that the compressor 21 may malfunction, or when the compressor 21 itself malfunctions, the control device 40 is set when it is determined that the air conditioning operation using the refrigerant circuit 20 is possible but the air conditioning operation is not performed or the air conditioning operation using the refrigerant circuit 20 is not possible, as described above. In the emergency auxiliary heating mode, the operation in the heating mode is not performed, but the air flowing through the air flow passage 11 is heated only by the heating agent heated by the heating agent heating device 32, and for this purpose, the air is circulated through the 2 nd heating agent circulation circuit 30c so as not to flow through the in-air flow passage heat exchanger 34 serving as a heating core.
Fig. 6 shows the flow of the heating agent in the emergency auxiliary heating mode. As shown in fig. 6, if the heating agent in the auxiliary heating portion 30 in the emergency auxiliary heating mode is discharged from the circulation pump 31, the heating agent flows into the heating agent heating device 32. The heating agent flowing into the heating agent heating device 32 is heated to a predetermined temperature, and then flows into the air flow passage internal heat exchanger 34 through the heating agent-refrigerant heat exchanger 27.
The heating agent flowing into the air flow passage internal heat exchanger 34 exchanges heat with the air flowing through the air flow passage 11. Then, the heating agent flowing out of the air flow passage internal heat exchanger 34 is sucked into the circulation pump 31.
In the emergency auxiliary heating mode, the heating operation in the heating mode is not performed, and therefore, the air in the air flow passage 11 is heat-exchanged with the heating agent by the in-air flow passage heat exchanger 34, and the air heated by the heat exchange is used as the heating air. Therefore, the output restriction of the heating agent heating device 32 is released only in the emergency auxiliary heating mode, and the driving is allowed up to the maximum output.
As described above, in the vehicle air conditioner 1 according to the present embodiment, approximately 3 modes are set as the auxiliary heating modes. The control device 40 determines whether or not the air-conditioning operation using the refrigerant circuit 20 is possible, and sets a "normal auxiliary heating mode" or a "low-temperature auxiliary heating mode" according to the outside air temperature when it is determined that the air-conditioning operation using the refrigerant circuit 20 is possible, and sets an "emergency auxiliary heating mode" in which the output restriction of the heating agent heating device 32 is released and the driving is performed when it is determined that the air-conditioning operation using the refrigerant circuit 20 is not possible or the air-conditioning operation using the refrigerant circuit 20 is not possible.
Accordingly, in the vehicle air conditioner 1, when the heating mode is set, it is determined whether or not the air conditioning operation using the refrigerant circuit 20 is possible based on the state of the compressor 21 and the outside air temperature, and the proper auxiliary heating mode is set, so that deterioration in the durability of the heating agent heating device 32 can be suppressed as much as possible, and the environment in the vehicle cabin can be maintained to be good.
[ processing action ]
Next, the processing operation performed in the heating mode of the vehicle air conditioner 1 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 7.
In addition, for the actions described below, the elements of the steps are presented in an exemplary order and are not limited to the particular order presented. Thus, as for the flowchart shown in fig. 7, the order may be replaced as long as the processing results do not contradict.
As shown in fig. 7, if the control device 40 executes the heating mode as the air conditioning mode (ST 1), it functions as an auxiliary heating execution determination unit, and determines whether or not switching to the auxiliary heating mode is necessary as the operation mode (ST 2).
In ST2, if the control device 40 determines that the auxiliary heating mode needs to be switched to the operation mode (ST 2—yes), then the control device functions as an air-conditioning operation execution determination unit, and determines whether or not air-conditioning operation using the refrigerant circuit 20 (that is, whether or not air-conditioning operation is executed) is possible (ST 3).
On the other hand, in ST2, if the control device 40 determines that it is not necessary to switch to the auxiliary heating mode as the operation mode (ST 2—no), it functions as a drive control unit that controls the driving of each part so that the operation in the set heating mode is continued (ST 4), and the process is terminated.
In ST3, if the control device 40 determines that the air conditioning operation using the refrigerant circuit 20 is possible (ST 3—yes), it then functions as an outside air temperature determination unit, and determines whether or not the outside air temperature is equal to or lower than a preset mode selection temperature threshold (ST 5).
On the other hand, if the control device 40 determines in ST3 that the air conditioner using the refrigerant circuit 20 is not able to perform or does not perform (ST 3—no), the control device functions as a drive control unit that controls the driving of the respective parts so that the process in the emergency auxiliary heating mode is performed (ST 6), and the process ends.
In ST5, if the control device 40 determines that the outside air temperature is equal to or lower than the mode selection temperature threshold (ST 5—yes), the control device functions as a drive control unit that controls the drive of each unit so that the process in the low-temperature auxiliary heating mode is executed (ST 7), and the process ends.
On the other hand, if the control device 40 determines in ST5 that the outside air temperature exceeds the mode selection temperature threshold (ST 5—no), the control device functions as a drive control unit that controls the drive of each unit so that the process in the normal auxiliary heating mode is executed (ST 8), and the process ends.
[ Effect and effect ]
As described above, the vehicle air conditioner 1 according to the present embodiment includes: an air flow path 11 through which air supplied into the cabin flows; a refrigerant circuit 20 including a compressor 21 that compresses a refrigerant, a radiator 16 that radiates heat from the refrigerant, a heat absorber 15 that absorbs heat from the refrigerant, and an outdoor heat exchanger 22 that is provided outside the vehicle cabin and radiates or absorbs heat from the refrigerant; an auxiliary heating unit 30 that includes a heating agent heating device 32 for heating the heating agent, and an in-air-passage heat exchanger 34 that is provided in the air-flow passage 11 and that radiates heat from the heating agent, and that circulates the heating agent heated by the heating agent heating device 32; a heating-refrigerant heat exchanger 27 connected in parallel with the heat absorber 15, wherein the 3 rd expansion valve 23c decompresses the refrigerant flowing through the 1 st refrigerant flow path (refrigerant flow path 20 c) formed between the outdoor heat exchanger 22 and the heat absorber 15, and the refrigerant decompressed by the 3 rd expansion valve 23c absorbs heat to perform heat exchange of the heating agent; and a control device 40 that drives the heating agent heating device 32 based on an output limit value set to 50% or less of the maximum output of the heating agent heating device 32 when it is determined that the air conditioning operation using the refrigerant circuit 20 is possible and an auxiliary heating function needs to be added.
Therefore, when the heating mode is set, an appropriate auxiliary heating mode can be selected based on the driving state of the compressor 21 and the outside air temperature, and the environment in the vehicle cabin can be kept good. Further, since the output of the heating agent heater 32 can be driven at or below the output limit value set to a level at which deterioration of durability does not occur, deterioration of the durability of the heating agent heater 32 can be suppressed as much as possible, and the environment in the vehicle cabin can be kept good.
In the vehicle air conditioner 1 according to the present embodiment, the refrigerant circuit 20 includes: a 3 rd refrigerant flow passage (refrigerant flow passage 20 e) branched from a 2 nd refrigerant flow passage (refrigerant flow passage 20 b) formed between the radiator 16 and the outdoor heat exchanger 22, bypassing the outdoor heat exchanger 22, and connected to the 1 st refrigerant flow passage, the auxiliary heating portion 30 includes: a 1 st heating agent circulation circuit 30b that allows the heating agent heated by the heating agent heating device 32 to flow into the heating agent heating device 32 again through the heating agent-refrigerant heat exchanger 27; and a 2 nd heat-medium circulation circuit 30c for causing the heat medium heated by the heat-medium heating device 32 to flow into the heat-medium-refrigerant heat exchanger 27, causing the heat medium flowing out of the heat-medium heat exchanger 27 to flow into the heat exchanger 34 in the air flow path, causing the heat medium flowing out of the heat exchanger 34 in the air flow path to flow into the heat-medium heating device 32 again, wherein the control device 40 causes the heat-medium-heat exchanger 27 to exchange heat between the heat medium circulated in the 1 st heat-medium circulation circuit 30b and the refrigerant flowing into the heat-medium heat exchanger 27 through the 3 rd refrigerant flow path when the outside air temperature is equal to or lower than a preset mode selection temperature threshold value.
The refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuit 20 is heat-exchanged with the refrigerant circulating in the 1 st refrigerant circulation circuit 30b in the refrigerant-refrigerant heat exchanger 27 without passing through the in-air flow passage heat exchanger 34, and therefore, the operation in the heating mode can be performed with the output of the compressor 21 increased. Therefore, for example, even if the outside air temperature is low at-10 ℃ or lower, the environment in the cabin can be kept good.
In the vehicle air conditioner 1 according to the present embodiment, when the control device 40 determines that the air conditioning operation using the refrigerant circuit 20 is possible but the air conditioning operation is not performed or the air conditioning operation using the refrigerant circuit 20 is not performed, the output restriction based on the output restriction value of the heating agent heating device 32 is released to heat the heating agent, and only the circulation of the heating agent in the 2 nd heating agent circulation circuit 30c is performed to heat the air flowing through the air flow passage 11.
For example, only when the outdoor air temperature is extremely low, such as lower than-15 ℃, or when the compressor 21 itself fails, and when the air conditioning operation using the refrigerant circuit 20 is possible, but the air conditioning operation is not performed or the air conditioning operation using the refrigerant circuit 20 cannot be performed, the output restriction of the heating agent heating device 32 is released to perform the heating function, so that deterioration in the durability of the heating agent heating device 32 can be suppressed as much as possible, and the environment in the vehicle cabin can be kept good.
Description of the reference numerals
1 air conditioner for vehicle
10 air conditioning unit
11 air flow passage (11 a bypass flow passage)
12 suction inlet (12 a outside air suction inlet, 12b inside air suction inlet)
13 suction inlet switching air door
14 indoor air blower
15 heat absorber
16 radiator
17 air mixing damper
20 refrigerant circuits (refrigerant flow passages 20a to 20 g)
21 compressor
22 outdoor heat exchanger
23 expansion valve (23 a 1 st expansion valve, 23b 2 nd expansion valve, 23c 3 rd expansion valve)
24 electromagnetic valve (24 a 1 st electromagnetic valve, 24b 2 nd electromagnetic valve)
25 check valve (25 a 1 st check valve, 25b 2 nd check valve)
26 storage device
27 heating agent-refrigerant heat exchanger
28 control valve
30 auxiliary heating portion (30 a heating agent circulation circuit, 30b 1 st heating agent circulation circuit, 30c 2 nd heating agent circulation circuit)
31 circulation pump
32 heating agent heating device
33 direction switching valve
34 air flow in-channel heat exchanger
40 control means.

Claims (3)

1. An air conditioning device for a vehicle, comprising:
an air flow path through which air supplied to the cabin flows;
a refrigerant circuit including a compressor that compresses a refrigerant, a radiator that radiates heat from the refrigerant, a heat absorber that absorbs heat from the refrigerant, and an outdoor heat exchanger that is provided outside a vehicle cabin and radiates or absorbs heat from the refrigerant;
An auxiliary heating unit including a heating agent heating device for heating a heating agent and an air flow path internal heat exchanger provided in the air flow path and configured to radiate heat from the heating agent, the auxiliary heating unit being configured to circulate the heating agent heated by the heating agent heating device;
a heat exchanger for heat exchange of the heating agent by absorbing heat from the refrigerant flowing through a 1 st refrigerant flow path formed between the outdoor heat exchanger and the heat absorber;
an air-conditioning operation execution determination unit that determines whether or not air-conditioning operation using the refrigerant circuit is possible;
an auxiliary heating execution determination unit that determines whether or not an auxiliary heating function is to be added; and
a drive control unit that, when the air-conditioning operation execution determination unit determines that the air-conditioning operation using the refrigerant circuit is possible and the auxiliary heating execution determination unit determines that an auxiliary heating function needs to be added, limits the output of the heating agent heating device to a predetermined output limit value or less and drives the device,
The output limit value is set to 50% or less of the maximum output of the heating means for heating the heating agent,
the vehicle air conditioner further includes an outside air temperature determination unit that determines whether or not the outside air temperature is equal to or less than a predetermined temperature threshold value set in advance,
the refrigerant circuit includes:
a 3 rd refrigerant flow passage branching from a 2 nd refrigerant flow passage formed between the radiator and the outdoor heat exchanger, bypassing the outdoor heat exchanger and connected to the 1 st refrigerant flow passage,
the auxiliary heating portion includes:
a 1 st heating agent circulation circuit for allowing the heating agent heated by the heating agent heating device to flow into the heating agent heating device again through the heating agent-refrigerant heat exchanger,
the drive control unit circulates the heating agent in the 1 st heating agent circulation circuit and exchanges heat between the heating agent circulated in the 1 st heating agent circulation circuit and the refrigerant flowing into the heating agent-refrigerant heat exchanger through the 3 rd refrigerant circulation circuit in the heating agent-refrigerant heat exchanger, if the outside air temperature is determined to be equal to or lower than the temperature threshold value by the outside air temperature determination unit.
2. The air conditioner for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein,
the auxiliary heating portion further includes:
and a 2 nd heating agent circulation circuit configured to allow the heating agent heated by the heating agent heating device to flow into the heating agent-refrigerant heat exchanger, allow the heating agent flowing out of the heating agent-refrigerant heat exchanger to flow into the heat exchanger in the air flow path, and allow the heating agent flowing out of the heat exchanger in the air flow path to flow into the heating agent heating device again.
3. The air conditioner for a vehicle according to claim 2, wherein,
when it is determined in the air-conditioning operation execution determination unit that the air-conditioning operation using the refrigerant circuit is possible but the air-conditioning operation is not performed or the air-conditioning operation using the refrigerant circuit is not possible, the drive control unit releases the output restriction based on the output restriction value of the heating agent heating device, heats the heating agent, circulates the heating agent in the 2 nd heating agent circulation circuit, and heats the air flowing through the air flow path.
CN202080052352.5A 2019-07-29 2020-07-17 Air conditioner for vehicle Active CN114126901B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2019-139199 2019-07-29
JP2019139199A JP7387322B2 (en) 2019-07-29 2019-07-29 Vehicle air conditioner
PCT/JP2020/027792 WO2021020161A1 (en) 2019-07-29 2020-07-17 Vehicle air conditioner

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Publication Number Publication Date
CN114126901A CN114126901A (en) 2022-03-01
CN114126901B true CN114126901B (en) 2023-09-12

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CN202080052352.5A Active CN114126901B (en) 2019-07-29 2020-07-17 Air conditioner for vehicle

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JP (1) JP7387322B2 (en)
CN (1) CN114126901B (en)
DE (1) DE112020003640T5 (en)
WO (1) WO2021020161A1 (en)

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JP2011011642A (en) * 2009-07-02 2011-01-20 Denso Corp Vehicular air conditioning device
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WO2018198582A1 (en) * 2017-04-26 2018-11-01 サンデン・オートモーティブクライメイトシステム株式会社 Vehicular air conditioner
JP2018192938A (en) * 2017-05-18 2018-12-06 サンデン・オートモーティブクライメイトシステム株式会社 Air conditioner for vehicle
WO2018225485A1 (en) * 2017-06-05 2018-12-13 サンデン・オートモーティブクライメイトシステム株式会社 Vehicle air conditioner

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0814686A (en) * 1994-06-29 1996-01-19 Toshiba Corp Refrigerant heating type heater cooler
CN102449411A (en) * 2009-05-29 2012-05-09 三菱电机株式会社 Refrigeration cycle device and air-conditioning device
JP2011011642A (en) * 2009-07-02 2011-01-20 Denso Corp Vehicular air conditioning device
CN103328238A (en) * 2011-01-21 2013-09-25 三电有限公司 Air conditioning device for vehicle
CN103492204A (en) * 2011-04-18 2014-01-01 株式会社电装 Vehicle temperature adjusting apparatus, and vehicle-mounted thermal system
CN105075389A (en) * 2013-03-29 2015-11-18 株式会社电装 Radiant heater device
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Publication number Publication date
JP2021020596A (en) 2021-02-18
JP7387322B2 (en) 2023-11-28
CN114126901A (en) 2022-03-01
DE112020003640T5 (en) 2022-05-05
WO2021020161A1 (en) 2021-02-04

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