CN114118791B - Method for rapidly diagnosing salt and alkali tolerance of cotton seeds - Google Patents
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- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 235000012343 cottonseed oil Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 210000001161 mammalian embryo Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000219146 Gossypium Species 0.000 abstract description 21
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007226 seed germination Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010219 correlation analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
- G06Q10/06—Resources, workflows, human or project management; Enterprise or organisation planning; Enterprise or organisation modelling
- G06Q10/063—Operations research, analysis or management
- G06Q10/0639—Performance analysis of employees; Performance analysis of enterprise or organisation operations
- G06Q10/06393—Score-carding, benchmarking or key performance indicator [KPI] analysis
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F17/00—Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific functions
- G06F17/10—Complex mathematical operations
- G06F17/11—Complex mathematical operations for solving equations, e.g. nonlinear equations, general mathematical optimization problems
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q50/00—Systems or methods specially adapted for specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
- G06Q50/02—Agriculture; Fishing; Mining
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for rapidly diagnosing the salt and alkali tolerance of cotton seeds, belonging to the field of cotton seed screening. A method for rapidly diagnosing the salt and alkali resistance of cotton seeds comprises the following steps: a. randomly taking at least 100 cotton seeds of the tested varieties, and measuring the long average value and the roundness average value of the external morphology of the cotton seeds; b. calculating the germination rate according to the formula I, wherein the formula I is as follows: germination rate = 29.549-15.346 x long mean +155.726 x roundness mean; c. and judging the salt and alkali resistance of the seeds according to the germination rate of the formula I, wherein the salt and alkali resistance is positively correlated with the germination rate. The invention adopts the seed morphological index analysis to replace the seed saline-alkali tolerance detection test, can obviously shorten the classification time and reduce the cost, and can rapidly and efficiently finish the screening of the saline-alkali tolerance of cotton varieties indoors.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for rapidly diagnosing the salt and alkali tolerance of cotton seeds, belonging to the field of cotton seed screening.
Background
Cotton is not only the main cash crop in China, but also an important strategic material. According to national data statistics, cotton yield 591 ten thousand tons, at 2020, was located in the second world, and export was located in the first, 2912.2 hundred million dollars. Soil salinization, however, is one of the important environmental factors affecting cotton seed germination. Salinization and alkalization of the saline-alkali soil occur simultaneously, the degree is different, the components are complex, and the saline-alkali mixed stress is caused to the growth and development of cotton. The damage of the saline-alkali stress to the growth and development of crops is not a simple superposition of the damage of the salt stress and the alkali stress, but the damage is far greater than the damage of single salt stress and alkali stress due to the synergistic effect of the salt stress and the alkali stress. At present, research is focused on damage of single salt or alkali stress to crops, and less research is focused on mixed salt and alkali stress. The Sinkiang element is named as a saline-alkali soil museum, and the saline-alkali soil has the characteristics of large area, multiple types, heavy salt accumulation, multiple ions and the like. The method for breeding the saline-alkali resistant varieties is the most economical and effective method for improving the cotton yield in saline-alkali soil.
CN109618858A discloses a method for screening drought-resistant and salt-tolerant cotton varieties. However, the method is complex to operate, and not only needs to manufacture artificial saline-alkali soil, but also needs to produce seeds and cultivate, and is long in time consumption, so that the method is not beneficial to rapidly judging whether the cotton variety is saline-alkali tolerant.
CN104604555a discloses a cotton salt and alkali resistant screening method. The method needs to prepare cotton culture solution and culture cotton seeds for germination/rooting, and has the advantages of complex procedures and long time consumption.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a rapid judging method for solving the problems of complex and long time-consuming diagnosis method of the salt and alkali tolerance of cotton seeds. The method can rapidly diagnose the salt and alkali resistance of cotton seeds by only measuring the length and the roundness of cotton seeds.
A method for rapidly diagnosing the salt and alkali resistance of cotton seeds comprises the following steps:
a. randomly taking at least 100 cotton seeds of the tested varieties, and measuring the long average value and the roundness average value of the external morphology of the cotton seeds;
b. calculating the germination rate according to the formula I, wherein the formula I is as follows: germination rate = 29.549-15.346 x long mean +155.726 x roundness mean;
c. and judging the salt and alkali resistance of the seeds according to the germination rate of the formula I, wherein the salt and alkali resistance is positively correlated with the germination rate.
In one embodiment, in step a, the external morphology of cotton seeds is measured using an SC-G type automatic seed test analyzer system, wherein the long mean and roundness mean are automatically analyzed according to the image recognition principle.
In one embodiment, in step a, 100 cotton seeds are taken. In a specific embodiment, cotton seeds are selected according to the selection criteria of full seeds, complete embryo, no mildew and uniform size.
In one embodiment, in step c, the germination rate is classified into 3 grades, and when the germination rate is less than 2.5%, the saline-alkali soil cannot be adapted; when the germination rate is between 2.5 and 36.25 percent, the method can be well adapted to saline-alkali soil; when the germination rate is more than 36.25%, the method can be better suitable for saline-alkali soil.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the seed morphology index analysis is adopted to replace a seed saline-alkali tolerance detection test, so that the classification time can be obviously shortened, the cost can be reduced, and the screening of the saline-alkali tolerance of cotton varieties can be rapidly and efficiently completed indoors.
Detailed Description
A method for rapidly diagnosing the salt and alkali resistance of cotton seeds comprises the following steps:
a. randomly taking at least 100 cotton seeds of the tested varieties, and measuring the long average value and the roundness average value of the external morphology of the cotton seeds;
the long average value is the average length of the cotton seeds to be detected, and the roundness average value is the average roundness of the cotton seeds to be detected.
b. Calculating the germination rate according to the formula I, wherein the formula I is as follows: germination rate = 29.549-15.346 x long mean +155.726 x roundness mean;
c. and judging the salt and alkali resistance of the seeds according to the germination rate of the formula I, wherein the salt and alkali resistance is positively correlated with the germination rate.
In one embodiment, in step a, the external morphology of cotton seeds is measured using an SC-G type automatic seed test analyzer system, wherein the long mean and roundness mean are automatically analyzed according to the image recognition principle.
In one embodiment, in step a, 100 cotton seeds are taken. In a specific embodiment, cotton seeds are selected according to the selection criteria of full seeds, complete embryo, no mildew and uniform size.
In one embodiment, in step c, the germination rate is classified into 3 grades, and when the germination rate is less than 2.5%, the saline-alkali soil cannot be adapted; when the germination rate is between 2.5 and 36.25 percent, the method can be well adapted to saline-alkali soil; when the germination rate is more than 36.25%, the method can be better suitable for saline-alkali soil.
The estimation formula of the germination rate of the present invention is obtained by the following method.
(1) The appearance test and the determination of the water content (see Table 2) of 39 varieties (see Table 1) were performed, wherein the appearance determination uses an SC-G type automatic seed test analyzer system to realize automatic analysis on the cotton seed external morphology area average value, diameter, wide average value, long average value, thousand grain weight, long/wide average value, perimeter average value and roundness average value according to the image recognition principle.
Each test material is 100 grains which are full in seeds, complete in embryo, free from mildew and consistent in size, and the morphological index and the storage substance are measured indoors. All indexes have variation coefficients smaller than 10%, which indicates that each index is stable among 39 varieties (lines).
TABLE 1 names and sources of varieties
Table 2 statistical description of cotton seed morphology index
| Index (I) | Maximum value | Minimum value of | Average value of | Coefficient of variation (%) |
| Thousand grain weight | 96.47 | 69.88 | 82.76 | 7.54 |
| Area mean value | 25.62 | 20.06 | 23.39 | 6.29 |
| Circumference average | 21.81 | 18.17 | 19.83 | 3.78 |
| Length/width average value | 1.74 | 1.92 | 1.80 | 3.70 |
| Long mean value | 6.56 | 8.31 | 7.31 | 4.61 |
| Wide mean value | 3.85 | 4.44 | 4.12 | 3.05 |
| Diameter of | 5.04 | 5.83 | 5.44 | 3.12 |
| Roundness average | 0.60 | 0.54 | 0.57 | 2.55 |
| Kernel weight value | 39.23 | 58.87 | 48.74 | 9.19 |
| Moisture value | 12.57 | 9.43 | 11.25 | 5.38 |
(2) Germination tests under saline-alkali conditions were performed on all test varieties of table 1: soaking and sterilizing with 1% sodium hypochlorite for 10min, and washing with distilled water for 4 times. Airing cotton seeds at an ultra-clean workbench, recovering to remove water on the surfaces of seed coats, and setting the concentration of saline-alkali solution to 365, 390, 415 and 465 mmol.L -1 . Mixing vermiculite and mixed saline-alkali solution at a ratio of 1:3 (control group vermiculite and pure water of 1:3), placing into a germination box, placing 40 seeds, adding 200g mixed vermiculite into the placed germination box, lightly compacting, and covering with a cover; each treatment was repeated 4 times using clear water as a Control (CK). Placing into artificial climatic box to simulate cotton seed germination environment under field condition, wherein the relative humidity is 50%, the illumination is 14 h/10 h darkness, and the illumination intensity is 283 mu mol.m -2 ·s -1 . The germination rate was measured 7 days later (germination rate measurement was carried out in accordance with the crop seed test protocol of national standard of the people's republic of China, GB/T3543.4-1995, and the germination standard was 1/2 of the grain length of the germinated sprouts).
Wherein, the saline-alkali solution adopts CaCl 2 、NaHCO 3 、Na 2 SO 4 、K 2 SO 4 、MgSO 4 ·7H 2 The O is prepared according to the molar ratio of 0.094:0.012:0.17:0.034:0.055, and then diluted with water to the use concentration.
(3) SPSS software is adopted for processing the measured morphological indexes, storage materials and germination rate index data, correlation (table 3) is carried out, all indexes are standardized by main components, comprehensive evaluation scores (table 4) are obtained, stepwise regression equation analysis is established on the germination rate and the morphological indexes and the storage materials, the result of the correlation analysis is indicated that the germination rate is extremely obviously and inversely correlated with length, diameter, perimeter, area and length/width and extremely obviously and positively correlated with roundness, and the stepwise regression equation germination rate= 29.549-15.346 ×long average value +155.726 ×roundness average value further indicates that the saline-alkali tolerance of cotton varieties can be rapidly judged from the length and roundness of seeds.
TABLE 3 365mmol L -1 Correlation between germination rate and seed physical index under mixed saline-alkali condition
Table 4 shows the cotton seed indicator integrated value F and ranking
| Numbering device | F value | Comprehensive ranking | Numbering device | F value | Comprehensive ranking |
| XT-1 | 4.3109 | 29 | XT-21 | 4.5641 | 12 |
| XT-2 | 4.3278 | 26 | XT-22 | 4.4998 | 17 |
| XT-3 | 4.3176 | 28 | XT-23 | 4.2044 | 33 |
| XT-4 | 4.4339 | 24 | XT-24 | 4.2871 | 31 |
| XT-5 | 3.9189 | 39 | XT-25 | 4.2193 | 32 |
| XT-6 | 3.9834 | 38 | XT-26 | 4.4697 | 20 |
| XT-7 | 4.5423 | 14 | XT-27 | 4.6995 | 4 |
| XT-8 | 4.1503 | 36 | XT-28 | 4.2029 | 35 |
| XT-9 | 4.2924 | 30 | XT-29 | 4.4637 | 21 |
| XT-10 | 4.4533 | 22 | XT-30 | 4.7999 | 2 |
| XT-11 | 4.2043 | 34 | XT-31 | 4.6385 | 7 |
| XT-12 | 4.3198 | 27 | XT-32 | 4.4846 | 19 |
| XT-13 | 4.4983 | 18 | XT-33 | 4.9967 | 1 |
| XT-14 | 4.5702 | 11 | XT-34 | 4.5456 | 13 |
| XT-15 | 4.6298 | 8 | XT-35 | 4.5258 | 15 |
| XT-16 | 4.5072 | 16 | XT-36 | 4.5746 | 10 |
| XT-17 | 4.1494 | 37 | XT-37 | 4.6421 | 6 |
| XT-18 | 4.7087 | 3 | XT-38 | 4.6958 | 5 |
| XT-19 | 4.4458 | 23 | XT-39 | 4.5958 | 9 |
| XT-20 | 4.3281 | 25 |
Water absorption test
(1) The water absorption tests of the indoor screened saline-alkali resistant variety new road No. 82 (XT-5), the new road No. 68 (XT-6) and the sensitive saline-alkali variety new stone H12 (XT-37) and the new road No. 42 (XT-10) are shown in Table 5. The specific method comprises the following steps: the selected seeds are full, the embryo is complete, no mildew exists, the sizes are consistent, 1% sodium hypochlorite is used for soaking and sterilizing for 10min, and distilled water is used for washing for 4 times. Airing cotton seeds at an ultra-clean workbench, recovering to remove water on the surfaces of seed coats, and setting the saline-alkali concentration to be 0, 219 and 365 mmol.L -1 Mixing vermiculite and mixed saline-alkali solution in a ratio of 1:3 (control group vermiculite and pure water of 1:3), placing into a germination box, placing 10 seeds, adding 200g of mixed vermiculite into the placed germination box, lightly compacting, and covering with a cover; repeating each treatment for 3 times, and placing into a climatic chamber to simulate cotton seed germination environment under field conditions, wherein the relative humidity is 50%, the illumination intensity is 283 mu mol m/10 h darkness -2 ·s -1 . Starting timing when cotton seeds are put into the germination box, taking out with forceps every 2h, sucking excessive water on the surface of cotton seeds with filter paper, and placingOne thousandth of the balance was weighed and the data recorded.
(2) The water absorption capacity of the saline-alkali resistant variety and the sensitive saline-alkali variety under clear water is not different; at 219 mmol.L -1 Under the condition of mixed saline and alkaline, the water absorption capacity of the saline and alkaline resistant variety after 48 hours is larger than that of the sensitive saline and alkaline variety; the salt and alkali resistant variety is 365 mmol.L -1 The seeds can germinate under the saline-alkali condition, and the saline-alkali resistant variety absorbs water quickly after 48 hours, so that the capability of resisting saline-alkali stress of the seeds is improved, and the germination of the seeds is promoted; while the sensitive salt and alkali are 365 mmol.L -1 The seeds cannot germinate under the saline-alkali condition, and after 48 hours, the water absorbing capacity is basically lost, so that the seeds cannot be germinated with the required water, and the seeds cannot germinate. The germination rate= 29.549-15.346 ×long average value+ 155.726 ×roundness average value equation is satisfied, cotton seeds are small in length, large in roundness and strong in water absorption capacity, and are easy to germinate under saline-alkali conditions.
TABLE 5 morphology difference of saline-alkali tolerant and sensitive saline-alkali variety cotton
| Variety of species | Numbering device | Length average value (mm) | Roundness average |
| New road No. 82 | XT-5 | 6.564 | 0.601 |
| New road No. 68 | XT-6 | 6.5975 | 0.596 |
| New road No. 42 | XT-10 | 7.3515 | 0.568 |
| New stone H12 | XT-37 | 7.542 | 0.558 |
The following describes the invention in more detail with reference to examples, which are not intended to limit the invention thereto.
Example field identification
(1) Randomly selecting indoor screened varieties of New land No. 67, new land No. 82, new land No. 56 (914), and non-screened varieties of Jiza 708 and New land No. 37 for experiments.
(2) Taking the 5 seeds, 100 seeds each, measuring by an SC-G automatic seed test analyzer system to obtain a length average value and a roundness average value, and calculating the germination rate, wherein the germination rate is 29.549-15.346 multiplied by the length average value and 155.726 multiplied by the roundness average value;
(3) After the land is leveled by adopting manual sowing, ditching is carried out at a spacing of 1.52m in the north-south direction, the depth is 15cm, the width is 3-4cm, the drip irrigation belt is paved at the bottom of the ditches, and the soil is covered and is 38cm away from the drip irrigation belt; row spacing of 76cm, plant spacing of 5cm, 100 plants, cultivation according to the local fertilization and irrigation habit, maturity period comparison yield, and identification of indoor screening reliability. Wherein, the cultivation modes of different varieties are completely consistent. The yields are shown in the following table.
(4) According to the known length and roundness of Ji-za 708 and Xin-land No. 37, the theoretical germination rate is calculated, the result of field experiment output is analyzed, the positive correlation is formed between the saline-alkali tolerance (germination rate) and the output, and the average standard deviation of the obtained germination rate and the actual germination rate is calculated to be smaller than 1.5, so that the invention can directly and rapidly screen the saline-alkali tolerance through the external form of seeds.
TABLE 6 cotton field yield
Claims (1)
1. The method for rapidly diagnosing the salt and alkali resistance of cotton seeds is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. randomly taking 100 cotton seeds of the tested varieties, and measuring the long average value and the roundness average value of the external morphology of the cotton seeds;
b. calculating the germination rate according to the formula I, wherein the formula I is as follows: germination rate = 29.549-15.346 x long mean +155.726 x roundness mean;
c. judging the salt and alkali resistance of the seeds according to the germination rate of the formula I, wherein the salt and alkali resistance is positively correlated with the germination rate;
in step a, cotton seed selection criteria are: the seeds are full, the embryo is complete, no mildew exists, and the sizes are consistent;
in the step a, an SC-G type automatic seed test analyzer system is used for measuring the external morphology of cotton seeds, wherein the long average value and the roundness average value realize automatic analysis according to an image recognition principle;
in the step c, the germination rate is divided into 3 grades, and when the germination rate is less than 2.5%, the saline-alkali soil cannot be adapted; when the germination rate is between 2.5 and 36.25 percent, the method can be well adapted to saline-alkali soil; when the germination rate is more than 36.25%, the method can be better suitable for saline-alkali soil.
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| CN103283345A (en) * | 2013-06-04 | 2013-09-11 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | Method for identifying activity of cotton seeds |
| CN112119857A (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2020-12-25 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | Method for rapidly identifying salt tolerance of cotton seeds in germination period |
| CN113228878A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-08-10 | 中国农业大学 | Modeling method for measuring wheat seed vitality |
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| US8686226B2 (en) * | 1999-03-23 | 2014-04-01 | Mendel Biotechnology, Inc. | MYB-related transcriptional regulators that confer altered root hare, trichome morphology, and increased tolerance to abiotic stress in plants |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103283345A (en) * | 2013-06-04 | 2013-09-11 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | Method for identifying activity of cotton seeds |
| CN112119857A (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2020-12-25 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | Method for rapidly identifying salt tolerance of cotton seeds in germination period |
| CN113228878A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-08-10 | 中国农业大学 | Modeling method for measuring wheat seed vitality |
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| Title |
|---|
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| 棉花种子耐盐碱能力快速筛选研究;陈莹等;《中国种业》;20220913;第2022卷(第09期);64-70 * |
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