CN114115121A - Detection device, machine tool, and machine tool detection method - Google Patents
Detection device, machine tool, and machine tool detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114115121A CN114115121A CN202111327265.9A CN202111327265A CN114115121A CN 114115121 A CN114115121 A CN 114115121A CN 202111327265 A CN202111327265 A CN 202111327265A CN 114115121 A CN114115121 A CN 114115121A
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 136
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 79
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 89
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013500 data storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
- G05B19/401—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by control arrangements for measuring, e.g. calibration and initialisation, measuring workpiece for machining purposes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/34—Director, elements to supervisory
- G05B2219/34242—For measurement only
Abstract
The utility model relates to a machining equipment field generally, particularly, relate to a detection device, lathe and lathe detection method, detection device includes main part and determine module, and main part has the mesa that is used for placing the work piece of treating, and determine module connects main part for exert the three direction effort of XYZ to the false sword of lathe, main part has seted up the mounting hole to the mesa, determine module install in the mounting hole, determine module is used for to stretching into the effort of default is applyed to the false sword of lathe in the mounting hole and detect the displacement volume of the false sword of lathe, this application scheme will detect the function and combine with the lathe, make main part have the bearing part and detect two kinds of functions of rigidity, reduce the manpower and materials consumption and the time cost loss that the measuring means of plus device brought.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of machining equipment in general, and particularly relates to a detection device, a machine tool and a machine tool detection method.
Background
The static stiffness of the machine tool has great influence on the machining precision and the quality of a machined surface of the machine tool, and is one of important indexes for evaluating the performance of the machine tool. After the machine tool is subjected to long-time uninterrupted cutting work, the rigidity of the machine tool is continuously reduced, and when the rigidity characteristic is reduced to influence the machining quality, the time and labor cost for maintaining and repairing the machine tool are extremely high, so that the static rigidity of the machine tool needs to be periodically detected to periodically evaluate the machining performance of the machine tool.
At present, the consideration on the static rigidity of the machine tool basically stays in a design stage and a prototype test stage, the detection means of an additional device is adopted, the consumption of a large amount of manpower, material resources and time cost is inevitably accompanied, and when the rigidity of the machine tool needs to be detected periodically in the whole life cycle of the machine tool, the detection means commonly existing at present brings a large amount of inconvenience.
Disclosure of Invention
In this summary, concepts in a simplified form are introduced that are further described in the detailed description. This summary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used as an aid in determining the scope of the claimed subject matter.
In order to solve the technical problem of loss of manpower, material resources and time caused by the fact that an additional device is adopted for detecting static rigidity of a machine tool, the application mainly aims to provide a detection device, the machine tool and a machine tool detection method.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the following technical scheme is adopted in the application:
a detection device, comprising:
the main body piece is provided with a table top for placing a piece to be processed; and
the detection assembly is connected with the main body piece and is used for applying X, Y acting forces and Z acting forces to the machine tool false knife respectively;
the detection assembly is used for applying acting force of a preset value to a machine tool false cutter extending into the mounting hole and detecting the displacement of the machine tool false cutter.
Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the detecting assembly includes a loading platform, two radial loading members, an axial loading member, two radial sensors, and an axial sensor;
the loading platform install in the mounting hole, just the confession has been seted up to the loading platform the inspection hole that the lathe false sword stretched into, two radial loading piece and two radial sensor sets up four vertical direction of week side of inspection hole, and two the effort loading direction of radial loading piece is perpendicular, axial loading piece and axial sensor set up in the bottom of inspection hole, radial sensor is used for detecting the radial displacement volume of lathe false sword, axial sensor is used for detecting the axial displacement volume of lathe false sword.
Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the loading platform is provided with two radial loading holes for mounting the radial loading member, two connection holes for mounting the radial sensor, and an axial loading hole for mounting the axial loading member; the radial loading hole, the first connecting hole and the axial loading hole are respectively communicated with the detection hole;
the loading piece is a hydraulic loading piece, and the loading platform is respectively provided with oil holes communicated with the radial loading hole and the axial loading hole.
Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the radial loading element includes a radial piston and a radial sealing cover;
the radial piston is in sealing sliding fit with the radial loading hole, a first oil cavity is formed between the radial piston and the inner wall of the radial loading hole, the radial sealing cover is in sealing connection with the radial loading hole, and the radial sealing cover, the radial piston and the inner wall of the radial loading hole are surrounded to form a second oil cavity;
the loading platform is provided with oil holes which are respectively communicated with the first oil chamber and the second oil chamber, so that the radial piston moves towards or away from the machine tool false cutter by controlling the oil amount of the first oil chamber and the second oil chamber.
Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the axial loading element includes an axial piston and an axial sealing cover;
the axial piston is in sealing sliding fit with the axial loading hole, a first axial oil cavity is formed between the axial piston and the inner wall of the axial loading hole, the axial sealing cover is in sealing connection with the axial loading hole, and the axial sealing cover, the axial piston and the inner wall of the axial loading hole are encircled to form a second axial oil cavity;
the loading platform is provided with oil holes which are respectively communicated with the first axial oil chamber and the second axial oil chamber, so that the axial piston moves towards or away from the machine tool false cutter by controlling the oil amount of the first axial oil chamber and the second axial oil chamber.
Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the detection assembly further includes an end cap detachably mounted to the detection hole, and an upper surface of the end cap is flush with the table top.
Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the mounting hole is opened in a middle portion of the main body, and an axis of the mounting hole is perpendicular to the table top of the main body.
Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the table top of the main body is provided with a plurality of slots, and the slots are used for being matched with the clamp to clamp the workpiece to be machined.
A machine tool is provided with the detection device.
A machine tool detection method, comprising:
moving the false cutter of the machine tool into a detection hole of the workbench;
applying an acting force in the X direction to the machine tool false cutter;
acquiring the displacement of the machine tool false knife in the X direction;
calculating a static stiffness value in the X direction according to the acting force and the displacement in the X direction, and judging whether the static stiffness value in the X direction meets a preset static stiffness threshold value or not;
if so, stopping applying the acting force in the X direction, applying the acting force in the Y direction to the machine tool false knife after the machine tool false knife is static for a preset time, obtaining the displacement in the Y direction, and calculating and judging whether the static stiffness value in the Y direction meets a preset static stiffness threshold value or not;
if so, stopping applying the acting force in the Y direction, applying the acting force in the Z direction to the machine tool false knife after the machine tool false knife is static for a preset time, obtaining the displacement in the Z direction, and calculating and judging whether the static stiffness value in the Z direction meets a preset static stiffness threshold value or not;
and if so, stopping applying the Z-direction acting force, moving the machine tool false cutter out of the detection hole, and finishing the detection.
According to the technical scheme, the detection device has the advantages and positive effects that:
the scheme of the application provides a detection device, which comprises a main body part and a detection assembly, wherein the main body part is provided with a table top for placing a workpiece to be processed, the detection assembly is used for applying acting forces in three directions of XYZ to a machine tool false knife, the main body piece is provided with a mounting hole on the table-board, the detection component is mounted in the mounting hole and used for applying acting force with a preset value on a machine tool false knife extending into the mounting hole and detecting the displacement of the machine tool false knife, the static stiffness value is calculated according to the ratio of the acting force to the displacement, the static stiffness in the XYZ directions of the machine tool is detected, the detection function is integrated into the machine tool by the scheme of the application, so that the main body part can be used as a machine tool workbench and a detection device, the detection process is modularized and programmed, and the consumption of manpower and material resources and the loss of time cost caused by the measurement means of an additional device are reduced.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a partial structural schematic view illustrating a machine tool mounting detection apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a schematic partial perspective view of a machine tool mounting detection device according to an exemplary embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of the detection apparatus when the dummy tool of the machine tool is positioned in the detection hole according to an exemplary embodiment.
Fig. 4 is another schematic cross-sectional view of the detection device when the dummy tool of the machine tool is located in the detection hole according to an exemplary embodiment.
Figure 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating the construction of a sensing assembly of a sensing device according to one exemplary embodiment,
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an inspection assembly loading station illustrating an inspection apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram illustrating a detection assembly of a detection device according to an exemplary embodiment.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view in the direction A-A of FIG. 7 illustrating a detection device according to an exemplary embodiment.
FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view in the direction B-B of FIG. 7 illustrating a detection device according to an exemplary embodiment.
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view in the direction C-C of FIG. 7 illustrating a detection device according to an exemplary embodiment.
FIG. 11 is a flow diagram illustrating a detection method according to an exemplary embodiment.
Wherein the reference numerals are as follows:
1-a lathe bed; 2-a detection device; 3-a main shaft; 4-false cutter of machine tool;
21-a body member; 22-a detection component;
211-a mesa; 212-mounting holes; 213-card slot; 214-a first via; 215-a first via;
221-a loading table; 222-a first radial load member; 223-a second radial loading member; 224-an axial loading member; 225-a first radial sensor; 226-a second radial sensor; 227-an axial sensor; 228-an end cap;
2211-detection holes; 2212-radial loading aperture; 2213-connecting hole; 2214-axial loading hole; 2215-first oil hole; 2216-second oil hole; 2217-third oil hole; 2218-first routing hole; 2219-second routing hole;
2221-a first radial piston; 2222-first radial seal cap; 2223-a first radial oil chamber; 2224-a second radial oil chamber;
2231-a second radial piston; 2232-a second radial seal cover; 2233-a third radial oil chamber; 2234-a fourth radial oil chamber;
2241-an axial piston; 2242-axial sealing cover; 2243-a first axial oil chamber; 2244-second axial oil chamber.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application are within the scope of the present application without inventive efforts, and therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention but only to represent selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The static stiffness of the machine tool has great influence on the machining precision and the quality of a machined surface of the machine tool, and is one of important indexes for evaluating the performance of the machine tool. After the machine tool is subjected to long-time uninterrupted cutting work, the rigidity of the machine tool is continuously reduced, and when the rigidity characteristic is reduced to influence the machining quality, the time and labor cost for maintaining and repairing the machine tool are extremely high, so that the static rigidity of the machine tool needs to be periodically detected to periodically evaluate the machining performance of the machine tool.
At present, the consideration on the static rigidity of the machine tool basically stays in a design stage and a prototype test stage, the detection means of an additional device is adopted, the consumption of a large amount of manpower, material resources and time cost is inevitably accompanied, and when the rigidity of the machine tool needs to be detected periodically in the whole life cycle of the machine tool, the detection means commonly existing at present brings a large amount of inconvenience.
In order to solve the technical problem of loss of manpower, material resources and time caused by detection of static stiffness of a machine tool by an additional device, the invention mainly aims to provide a detection device 2, a machine tool and a machine tool detection method, wherein the detection device 2 comprises a main body part 21 and a detection component 22, the main body part 21 is provided with a table top 211 for placing a workpiece to be machined, the detection component 22 is used for applying acting forces in three directions of XYZ to a false tool 4 of the machine tool, the main body part 21 is provided with a mounting hole 212 on the table top 211, the detection component 22 is mounted on the mounting hole 212, the detection component 22 is used for applying an acting force with a preset value to the false tool 4 of the machine tool extending into the mounting hole 212 and detecting the displacement of the false tool 4 of the machine tool, a static stiffness value is calculated according to the ratio of the acting force to the displacement, detection of the static stiffness in three directions of the machine tool is realized, the scheme of the invention integrates the detection function into the machine tool, the main body part 21 can be used as a machine tool workbench and the detection device 2, so that the detection process is modularized and programmed, and the consumption of manpower and material resources and the time cost loss caused by the measurement means of an additional device are reduced.
Referring to fig. 1 to 11, the present application provides a detection device 2, a machine tool and a machine tool detection method, the machine tool is provided with the detection device 2, the detection method is a method for detecting static rigidity of the machine tool, the machine tool is also provided with a machine body 1 and a main shaft 3, a tool is arranged on the main shaft 3, and a machine tool false tool 4 is arranged on the main shaft 3 when the machine tool detects the static rigidity.
The detection device 2 comprises a main body part 21 and a detection assembly 22, as shown in fig. 1-2, the main body part 21 is mounted on the upper surface of the machine tool body 1, the main body part 21 is provided with a table 211, the table 211 faces the spindle 3, preferably, the table 211 is perpendicular to the spindle 3, a mounting hole 212 is formed in the table 211, the detection assembly 22 is mounted in the mounting hole 212, preferably, the mounting hole 212 is located in the middle of the table 211, and the machine tool can be moved conveniently for rigidity detection.
In this application scheme, main part 21 can regard as the workstation use of lathe, and the mesa 211 side of main part 21 is opened and is established many draw-in grooves 213, and draw-in groove 213 extends to the opposite side from one side of main part 21, and draw-in groove 213 can cooperate with anchor clamps joint, and anchor clamps and the cooperation of draw-in groove 213 are fixed the machined part on the mesa 211 of main part 21, and draw-in groove 213 still has the water conservancy diversion effect, and machine tool adds man-hour, and draw-in groove 213 guide coolant liquid flows, keeps the clean and tidy of mesa 211.
After the machine tool false knife 4 extends into the mounting hole 212, the detection assembly 22 applies X, Y acting forces in three directions of Z to the machine tool false knife 4 respectively, detects displacement of the machine tool in the X, Y direction and the Z direction respectively, and calculates static rigidity of the machine tool in the X, Y direction and the Z direction according to the acting forces and the corresponding displacement, wherein the X direction and the Y direction are perpendicular to the axial direction of the spindle 3, the X direction and the Y direction are perpendicular to each other, and the Z direction is parallel to the axial direction of the spindle 3.
In the scheme of the application, the detection assembly 22 includes two radial loading members, an axial loading member 224, two radial sensors and an axial sensor 227, the two radial loading members, the axial loading member 224, the two radial sensors and the axial sensor 227 can be installed in the main body member 21, and the detection on the machine tool false knife 4 is realized by controlling the radial loading members and the axial loading member 224 to apply an acting force on the machine tool false knife 4; the two radial loading members, the axial loading member 224, the two radial sensors and the axial sensor 227 may also be combined into an integral component and mounted in the mounting hole 212, that is, the detection assembly 22 includes a loading platform 221, the two radial loading members, the axial loading member 224, the two radial sensors and the axial sensor 227 are mounted on the loading platform 221, the loading platform 221 is mounted in the mounting hole 212, and the loading platform 221 is provided with a detection hole 2211, preferably, the detection hole 2211 is coaxial with the mounting hole 212, so that the axial loading member 224 can apply force to the machine tool false knife 4 more accurately.
Referring to fig. 3-10, the radial loading member includes a radial piston and a radial sealing cover, the radial piston is in sliding fit with the radial loading hole 2212, a first oil cavity is formed between the radial piston and the inner wall of the radial loading hole 2212, the radial sealing cover is connected to the radial loading hole 2212 in a sealing manner, a second oil cavity is formed by enclosing the inner wall of the radial sealing cover, the radial piston and the inner wall of the radial loading hole 2212, and the loading table 221 is provided with oil holes respectively communicated with the first oil cavity and the second oil cavity, so that the radial piston moves towards or back to the machine tool false knife 4 by controlling the oil amount of the first oil cavity and the second oil cavity.
In the embodiment of the present application, two radial loaders, an axial loader 224, two radial sensors, and an axial sensor 227 are combined as a single component and mounted in the mounting hole 212. The detecting assembly 22 includes a loading platform 221, in which the loading platform 221 is provided with a detecting hole 2211, a radial loading hole 2212 communicated with the detecting hole 2211, a connecting hole 2213, an axial loading hole 2214, a first oil hole 2215, a second oil hole 2216, a third oil hole 2217, a first wire-passing hole 2218 and a second wire-passing hole 2219.
The loading platform 221 is cylindrical, the detection hole 2211 and the loading platform 221 are coaxially arranged, two radial loading holes 2212 and two connecting holes 2213 are respectively arranged, the two radial loading holes 2212 and the two connecting holes 2213 are distributed in four perpendicular directions on the periphery of the detection hole 2211, that is, the two radial loading holes 2212 and the two connecting holes 2213 are distributed on the periphery of the detection hole 2211 in a cross shape, and the two radial loading holes 2212 are in a perpendicular relationship. The axial loading hole 2214 is arranged below the detection hole 2211, the axial loading hole 2214 and the detection hole 2211 are coaxially arranged, the two radial loading pieces are installed in the two radial loading holes 2212, the two radial sensors are installed in the two connecting holes 2213, and the axial loading piece 224 is installed in the axial loading hole 2214, so that the acting force direction is parallel to the spindle 3 of the machine tool, and the detection error is reduced.
For convenience of description, the two radial carriers are respectively defined as a first radial carrier 222 and a second radial carrier 223, the two radial sensors are respectively defined as a first radial sensor 225 and a second radial sensor 226, the first radial carrier 222 and the first radial sensor 225 are disposed on opposite sides of the detection hole 2211, and the second radial carrier 223 and the second radial sensor 226 are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the detection hole 2211. Defining the radial piston of the first radial carrier as a first radial piston 2221, the radial seal cover of the first radial carrier as a first radial seal cover 2222, the two oil chambers of the first radial carrier as a first radial oil chamber 2223 and a second radial oil chamber 2224, respectively, the radial piston of the second radial carrier as a second radial piston 2231, the radial seal cover of the second radial carrier as a second radial seal cover 2232, and the two oil chambers of the second radial carrier as a third radial oil chamber 2233 and a fourth radial oil chamber 2234, respectively.
In the detection process, the person skilled in the art can define: the direction of the force applied to the machine tool dummy blade 4 by the first radial loader 222 is the X direction, the direction of the force applied to the machine tool dummy blade 4 by the second radial loader 223 is the Y direction, and the direction of the force applied to the machine tool dummy by the axial loader 224 is the Z direction.
In this application scheme, first radial loading piece, the radial loading piece of second and axial loading piece can be hydraulic pressure loading piece, carry hydraulic oil through the oilhole, the external hydraulic system of oilhole. The first radial sensor 225, the second radial sensor 226 and the axial sensor 227 can adopt displacement sensors, the displacement of the machine tool false knife 4 in the detection process can be rapidly and directly obtained, the first radial sensor 225 and the second radial sensor 226 detect the radial displacement of the machine tool false knife 4, and the axial sensor 227 is used for detecting the axial displacement of the machining false knife.
Referring to fig. 3 and 6-8, the first radial loading member 222 includes a first radial piston 2221, a first radial sealing cover 2222, a first radial oil chamber 2223, and a second radial oil chamber 2224, the first radial piston 2221 is in sealing sliding fit with the first radial loading hole, the first radial piston 2221 includes a head portion and a cylinder portion, the loading table 221 is provided with a circular first opening, the first opening communicates with the first radial loading hole and the detection hole 2211, the head portion of the first radial piston 2221 is in sealing sliding fit with the first opening, the cylinder portion of the first radial piston 2221 is in sealing sliding fit with the first radial loading hole, the diameter of the first opening is smaller than that of the first radial loading hole, the first radial sealing cover 2222 is in sealing connection with the first radial loading hole, a front end side of the cylinder portion of the first radial piston 2221, the head portion of the first radial piston 2221, and an inner wall of the first radial loading hole form a first radial loading hole 2223, first diameterA second radial oil chamber 2224 is formed by enclosing a sealing cover 2222, the rear end side of the cylindrical part of the first radial piston 2221 and the inner wall of the first radial loading hole, the loading part is provided with two first oil holes 2215, the two first oil holes 2215 are respectively communicated with the first radial oil chamber 2223 and the second radial oil chamber 2224 so as to control the oil amount of the first radial oil chamber 2223 and the second radial oil chamber 2224, so that the first radial piston 2221 moves towards or away from the machine tool false knife 4, when acting force needs to be applied to the machine tool false knife 4, hydraulic oil is injected into the second radial oil chamber 2224, the hydraulic oil in the first radial oil chamber 2223 is reduced, the hydraulic oil in the second oil chamber extrudes the first radial piston 2221 to move towards the machine tool false knife 4 and extrude the machine tool false knife 4, and F is obtained after the acting force reaches a preset threshold valueXThe first radial sensor 225 detects the amount of displacement δ applied to the machine toolXThen according to the formula static stiffness KX＝FX/δXAnd obtaining the static rigidity value of the machine tool in the X direction.
A person skilled in the art can calculate the acting force of the first radial piston 2221 on the machine tool dummy blade 4 according to the formula F ═ As × P, based on the area As of the rear end side of the cylindrical portion of the first radial piston 2221 and the pressure P, and the oil hole on the loading table 221 is externally connected with a hydraulic system, or control the acting force of the first radial piston 2221 on the machine tool dummy blade 4 according to the hydraulic pressure change of the hydraulic system.
Referring to fig. 3, the first oil hole 2215 is connected to the bottom side of the loading platform 221, the loading platform 221 further defines two first wire holes 2218, the first wire holes 2218 are connected to the bottom side of the loading platform 221, each connecting hole 2213 is correspondingly connected to one first wire hole 2218, and the first wire holes 2218 are used for routing the first radial sensor 225 and the second radial sensor 226. The bottom of the main body 21 has a first through hole 214 corresponding to the first oil hole 2215 and the second oil hole 2216, and the bottom of the main body 21 has a second through hole 215 corresponding to the two first wire holes 2218.
Referring to fig. 4, 6-7, and 9, the second radial load member 223 includes a second radial piston 2231, a second radial seal cover 2232, a third radial oil chamber 2233, and a fourth radial oil chamber 2234, and the second radial piston 2231 is in close contact with the second radial load holeThe second radial piston 2231 comprises a head portion and a cylinder portion, the loading platform 221 is provided with a circular second opening, the second opening is communicated with a second radial loading hole and a detection hole 2211, the head portion of the second radial piston 2231 is in sealing sliding fit with the second opening, the cylinder portion of the second radial piston 2231 is in sealing sliding fit with the second radial loading hole, the diameter of the second opening is smaller than that of the second radial loading hole, a second radial sealing cover 2232 is in sealing connection with the second radial loading hole, a front end side of the cylinder portion of the second radial piston 2231, a peripheral side of the head portion of the second radial piston 2231 and an inner wall of the second radial loading hole are enclosed to form a third radial oil chamber 2233, a rear end side of the cylinder portion of the second radial piston 2231 and an inner wall of the second radial loading hole are enclosed to form a fourth radial oil chamber 2234, the loading piece is provided with two second oil holes 2216, the two second oil holes 2216 are respectively communicated with the third radial oil cavity 2233 and the fourth radial oil cavity 2234 to control the oil amount of the third radial oil cavity 2233 and the fourth radial oil cavity 2234, so that the second radial piston 2231 moves towards or away from the machine tool false knife 4, when acting force needs to be applied to the machine tool false knife 4, hydraulic oil is injected into the fourth radial oil cavity 2234, the hydraulic oil in the third radial oil cavity 2233 is reduced, and the hydraulic oil in the fourth radial oil cavity 2234 extrudes the second radial piston 2231 to move towards the machine tool false knife 4 and extrude the machine tool false knife 4. F after the acting force reaches the preset threshold valueYThe first radial sensor 225 detects the amount of displacement δ applied to the machine toolYThen according to the formula static stiffness KY＝FY/δYAnd obtaining the static stiffness value of the machine tool in the Y direction.
Referring to fig. 3-4, 6-7 and 10, the axial loading member 224 includes an axial piston 2241, a second axial sealing end cover 228, a first axial oil chamber 2243 and a second axial oil chamber 2244, the axial piston 2241 is in sealing sliding fit with the axial loading hole 2214, the axial piston 2241 includes a head portion and a column portion, the loading platform 221 is provided with a circular third opening, the third opening communicates with the axial loading hole 2214 and the detection hole 2211, the head portion of the axial piston 2241 is in sealing sliding fit with the third opening, the column portion of the axial piston 2241 is in sealing sliding fit with the axial loading hole 2214, and the straight portion of the third opening is in sealing sliding fit with the straight portion of the axial loading hole 2214The diameter of the axial sealing cover 2242 is smaller than the diameter of the axial loading hole 2214, the axial sealing cover 2242 is in sealing connection with the axial loading hole 2214, a first axial oil cavity 2243 is formed by encircling among the front end side of the column body of the axial piston 2241, the periphery side of the head of the axial piston 2241 and the inner wall of the axial loading hole 2214, a second axial oil cavity 2244 is formed by encircling among the front end side of the column body of the axial piston 2242, the rear end side of the column body of the axial piston 2241 and the inner wall of the axial loading hole 2214, the loading part is provided with two third oil holes 2217, the two third oil holes 2217 are respectively communicated with the first axial oil cavity 2243 and the second axial oil cavity 2244 so as to control the oil quantity of the first axial oil cavity 2243 and the second axial oil cavity 2244, the axial piston 2241 moves towards or back to the machine tool fake cutter 4, when acting force needs to be applied to the machine tool fake cutter 4, hydraulic oil is injected into the second axial oil cavity 2244 so as to reduce the hydraulic oil in the first axial oil cavity 2243, the extrusion in the second axial piston 2241 moves towards the machine tool fake cutter 4 and extrudes the machine tool fake cutter 4, when the force reaches a predetermined threshold FZThe first radial sensor 225 detects the amount of displacement δ applied to the machine toolZThen according to the formula static stiffness KZ＝FZ/δZAnd obtaining the static stiffness value of the machine tool in the Z direction.
In the embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 3-4 and fig. 9-10, a cavity (not labeled) is further disposed in the main body 21, a plurality of reinforcing ribs are disposed in the cavity, and in a state where the table 211 is overlooked, the plurality of reinforcing ribs are arranged in a shape like a Chinese character tian, the cavity can reduce the weight of the main body 21, and the plurality of reinforcing ribs can improve the bending resistance and the torsion resistance between the main bodies. The cavity structure is communicated with the mounting hole 212, the bottom of the main body 21 is provided with a bottom hole communicated with the cavity, and the two third oil holes 2217 are communicated to the peripheral side of the loading table 221, so that the two third oil holes 2217 are communicated with the outside through the cavity and the bottom hole. The axial sensor 2217 is installed at the bottom of the detection hole 2211, the loading platform 221 is provided with a second wire hole 2219 communicated with the detection hole 2211, and the second wire hole 2219 is communicated with the first wire hole 2218. The inner wall of the detection hole 2211 above the axial sensor 227 is provided with a boss for limiting the downward movement of the end cover 228, and the upper surface of the end cover 228 is flush with the table surface 211 of the main body 21, so as to ensure the stability of fixing the workpiece to be machined.
Further, in this embodiment of the present application, the machine tool dummy blade 4 may have a hollow shaft structure, and the diameter of the machine tool dummy blade 4 is smaller than the diameter of the detection hole 2211, and preferably, the diameter of the machine tool dummy blade 4 is half of the diameter of the detection hole 2211, so that the machine tool dummy blade 4 can move in the detection hole 2211, and further, the displacement of the machine tool dummy blade 4 is obtained.
The embodiment of the application further provides a machine tool, the machine tool comprises the detection device 2, the detection device 2 is installed on the machine tool body 1 of the machine tool, the detection device 2 is provided with a table top 211 used for placing a workpiece to be machined, and the detection device 2 is enabled to have functions of bearing the workpiece and detecting the machine tool at the same time.
The embodiment of the present application further provides a detection method, where the detection method is a method for detecting static stiffness of the machine tool, and as shown in fig. 11, the detection method includes:
s01: moving the false cutter 4 of the machine tool into the detection hole 2211 of the workbench;
specifically, a detection program is started, the tool magazine replaces the machine tool false tool 4, the machine tool false tool 4 is aligned to the detection hole 2211 of the detection assembly 22, and the machine tool false tool 4 is controlled to move downwards and extend into the detection hole 2211;
s02: applying an acting force in the X direction to the machine tool false knife 4;
specifically, the first radial loader 222 is activated, and the first radial piston 2221 of the first radial loader 222 moves toward the machine tool false knife 4 and applies a preset force in the X direction to the machine tool false knife 4.
S03: acquiring the displacement of the machine tool false knife in the 4X direction;
specifically, the first radial sensor 225 detects the displacement amount of the machine tool false blade 4 in the X direction;
s04: calculating a static stiffness value in the X direction according to the acting force and the displacement in the X direction, and judging whether the static stiffness value in the X direction meets a preset static stiffness threshold value or not;
specifically, the acting force Fx and the displacement δ x are transmitted to the main control board, and according to a static stiffness calculation formula: and comparing the calculated static stiffness value in the X direction with a preset static stiffness value in a database, and judging whether the static stiffness value in the X direction is smaller than a preset static stiffness threshold value or not.
S05: if so, stopping applying the acting force in the X direction, applying the acting force in the Y direction to the machine tool false knife 4 after the machine tool false knife 4 is static for a preset time, obtaining the displacement in the Y direction, and calculating and judging whether the static rigidity value in the Y direction meets a preset static rigidity threshold value or not;
specifically, if the static stiffness value of the machine tool in the X direction is smaller than the preset static stiffness threshold, the first radial piston 2221 is controlled to move away from the machine tool false knife 4, the acting force in the X direction on the machine tool false knife 4 is stopped, and after the machine tool false knife 4 is stationary for the preset time, in the present application scheme, the preset time may be 0.5 hour to 3 hours, the second radial piston 2231 of the second radial loading member 223 is controlled to move toward the machine tool, the preset acting force in the Y direction is applied to the machine tool false knife 4, the displacement of the machine tool false knife 4 in the Y direction is obtained through the second radial sensor 226, the acting force Fy and the δ displacement Y are transmitted to the main control board, and the formula is calculated according to the static stiffness: and comparing the calculated static stiffness value in the Y direction with a preset static stiffness value in a database, and judging whether the static stiffness value in the Y direction of the machine tool is smaller than a preset static stiffness threshold value or not.
S06: if not, prompting to maintain the machine tool;
specifically, if the static stiffness value of the machine tool in the X direction is greater than or equal to a preset static stiffness threshold value, the main control board sends out prompt information for maintaining the machine tool;
s07: if so, stopping applying the acting force in the Y direction, applying the acting force in the Z direction to the machine tool false knife 4 after the machine tool false knife 4 is static for a preset time, obtaining the displacement in the Z direction, and calculating and judging whether the static rigidity value in the Z direction meets a preset static rigidity threshold value;
specifically, if the static stiffness value of the machine tool in the Y direction is smaller than the preset static stiffness threshold value,
the second radial piston 2231 is controlled to move away from the machine tool false knife 4, the acting force in the Y direction is stopped being applied to the machine tool false knife 4, after the machine tool false knife 4 is stationary for a preset time, in the present application, the preset time may be 0.5 hour to 3 hours, the axial piston 2241 of the axial loading piece 224 is controlled to move towards the machine tool, the preset acting force in the Z direction is applied to the machine tool false knife 4, the displacement of the machine tool false knife 4 in the Z direction is obtained through the axial sensor 227, the acting force Fz and the displacement δ Z are transmitted to the main control board, and the formula is calculated according to the static stiffness: and Kz is the acting force Fz/displacement delta Z, the calculated Z-direction static stiffness value is compared with a preset static stiffness value in a database, and whether the Z-direction static stiffness value of the machine tool is smaller than a preset static stiffness threshold value or not is judged.
S08: if not, prompting to maintain the machine tool;
specifically, if the static stiffness value of the machine tool in the Y direction is greater than or equal to a preset static stiffness threshold value, the main control board sends out prompt information for maintaining the machine tool;
s09: if so, the application of the Z-direction force is stopped, and the dummy tool of the machine tool is removed from the detection hole 2211, and the detection is completed.
Specifically, if the Z-direction static stiffness value of the machine tool is smaller than the preset static stiffness threshold, the axial piston of the axial loading member 224 is controlled to move away from the machine tool false knife 4, and the machine tool is controlled to move the machine tool false knife 4 out of the detection hole 2211.
S10: if not, prompting to maintain the machine tool;
specifically, if the static stiffness value of the machine tool in the Z direction is greater than or equal to the preset static stiffness threshold, the main control board sends out prompt information for maintaining the machine tool.
In the embodiment of the present application, the detection method may also be used in a detection system, the detection system includes a main control board, the main control board is used to control the machine tool to drive the false cutter 4 of the machine tool to move and the detection assembly 22 to perform detection work, the data storage module stores historical detection data and a preset static stiffness value, the historical detection data includes X, Y historically calculated by the main control board and static stiffness in the Z direction, the main control board can output the historical detection data and the latest detection data according to the historical detection data and the latest detection data, and the historical detection data and the latest detection data are displayed in a display panel in forms of a table, a line graph, a bar graph, and the like. The main control board periodically starts a detection program to detect the static rigidity of the machine tool according to a detection method, stores detection data in a data storage module, and sends out maintenance prompt information when the rigidity value is reduced to a set protection threshold value.
It is noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The foregoing are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, which enable those skilled in the art to understand or practice the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the general inventive concept. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A detection device, comprising:
a main body member (21) having a table top (211) for placing a member to be machined; and
the detection assembly (22) is connected with the main body piece (21) and is used for applying X, Y acting force and Z acting force to the false knife (4) of the machine tool respectively;
the main body piece (21) is provided with a mounting hole (212) in the table top (211), the detection assembly (22) is mounted in the mounting hole (212), and the detection assembly (22) is used for applying a preset acting force on the machine tool false knife (4) extending into the mounting hole (212) and detecting the displacement of the machine tool false knife (4).
2. The detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that the detection assembly (22) comprises a loading station (221), two radial loading members, an axial loading member (224), two radial sensors and an axial sensor (227);
the loading platform (221) is installed in the mounting hole (212), the loading platform (221) is provided with a detection hole (2211) into which the machine tool false knife (4) extends, two radial loading pieces and two radial sensors are arranged in four vertical directions of the peripheral sides of the detection hole (2211), and two acting force loading directions of the radial loading pieces are vertical, the axial loading pieces (224) and the axial sensors (227) are arranged at the bottom of the detection hole (2211), the radial sensors are used for detecting the radial displacement of the machine tool false knife (4), and the axial sensors (227) are used for detecting the axial displacement of the machine tool false knife (4).
3. The detecting device according to claim 2, wherein the loading table (221) is provided with two radial loading holes (2212) for mounting the radial loading piece, two connecting holes (2213) for mounting the radial sensor, and an axial loading hole (2214) for mounting the axial loading piece (224), the radial loading hole (2212), the connecting hole (2213), and the axial loading hole (2214) being respectively communicated with the detecting hole (2211);
the loading piece is a hydraulic loading piece, and the loading platform (221) is respectively provided with oil holes communicated with the radial loading hole (2212) and the axial loading hole (2214).
4. The sensing device of claim 3, wherein the radial loading element comprises a radial piston and a radial seal cap;
the radial piston is in sealing sliding fit with the radial loading hole (2212), a first oil cavity is formed between the radial piston and the inner wall of the radial loading hole (2212), the radial sealing cover is in sealing connection with the radial loading hole (2212), and the radial sealing cover, the radial piston and the inner wall of the radial loading hole (2212) are encircled to form a second oil cavity;
the loading table (221) is provided with oil holes which are respectively communicated with the first oil chamber and the second oil chamber, so that the radial piston moves towards or away from the machine tool false knife (4) by controlling the oil amount of the first oil chamber and the second oil chamber.
5. A testing device according to claim 3, characterised in that said axial loading member (224) comprises an axial piston (2241) and an axial sealing cover (2242);
the axial piston (2241) is in sealing sliding fit with the axial loading hole (2214), a first axial oil cavity (2243) is formed between the axial piston (2241) and the inner wall of the axial loading hole (2214), the axial sealing cover (2242) is in sealing connection with the axial loading hole (2214), and the inner walls of the axial sealing cover (2242), the axial piston (2241) and the axial loading hole (2214) are encircled to form a second axial oil cavity (2244);
load-table (221) seted up respectively with first axial oil pocket (2243) with second axial oil pocket (2244) intercommunication the oilhole to through control first axial oil pocket (2243) with the oil mass of second axial oil pocket (2244), make axial piston (2241) orientation or dorsad false sword of lathe (4) remove.
6. The sensing device of claim 2, wherein the sensing assembly (22) further comprises an end cap (228) removably mounted to the sensing aperture (2211), an upper surface of the end cap (228) being flush with the tabletop (211).
7. The detecting device according to claim 1, wherein the mounting hole (212) is opened at a middle portion of the main body member (21), and an axis of the mounting hole (212) is perpendicular to the table surface (211) of the main body member (21).
8. The detection device according to claim 1, wherein the main body member (21) is provided with a plurality of clamping grooves (213) on the table-board (211), and the clamping grooves (213) are used for clamping a workpiece to be processed in cooperation with a clamp.
9. A machine tool equipped with a detecting device according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A machine tool testing method, comprising:
moving a false cutter (4) of the machine tool into a detection hole (2211) of the workbench;
applying an acting force in the X direction to the machine tool false knife (4);
acquiring the displacement of the machine tool false knife (4) in the X direction;
calculating a static stiffness value in the X direction according to the acting force and the displacement in the X direction, and judging whether the static stiffness value in the X direction meets a preset static stiffness threshold value or not;
if so, stopping applying the acting force in the X direction, applying the acting force in the Y direction to the machine tool false knife (4) after the machine tool false knife (4) is static for a preset time, obtaining the displacement in the Y direction, and calculating and judging whether the static rigidity value in the Y direction meets a preset static rigidity threshold value or not;
if yes, stopping applying the acting force in the Y direction, after the machine tool false knife (4) is static for a preset time, applying the acting force in the Z direction to the machine tool false knife (4), obtaining the displacement in the Z direction, and calculating and judging whether the static rigidity value in the Z direction meets a preset static rigidity threshold value or not;
if yes, stopping applying the Z-direction acting force, moving the machine tool false knife (4) out of the detection hole (2211), and finishing detection.
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