CN114115121B - Detection device, machine tool, and machine tool detection method - Google Patents
Detection device, machine tool, and machine tool detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114115121B CN114115121B CN202111327265.9A CN202111327265A CN114115121B CN 114115121 B CN114115121 B CN 114115121B CN 202111327265 A CN202111327265 A CN 202111327265A CN 114115121 B CN114115121 B CN 114115121B
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 149
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 71
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 85
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013500 data storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
- G05B19/401—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by control arrangements for measuring, e.g. calibration and initialisation, measuring workpiece for machining purposes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/34—Director, elements to supervisory
- G05B2219/34242—For measurement only
Abstract
The utility model relates to a machining equipment field in general, specifically, relates to a detection device, lathe and lathe detection method, and detection device includes main part and detection component, and the main part has the mesa that is used for placing the work piece, and detection component connects the main part for apply XYZ three direction effort to the lathe false knife, the main part is in the mounting hole has been seted up to the mesa, detection component install in the mounting hole, detection component is used for stretching into lathe false knife in the mounting hole is exerted the effort of default and is detected the displacement of lathe false knife, and this application scheme combines detection function and lathe, makes the main part have two kinds of functions of bearing part and detection rigidity, reduces manpower and materials consumption and time cost loss that the measuring means of external device brought.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates generally to the field of machining equipment, and more particularly to a detection device, a machine tool, and a machine tool detection method.
Background
The static rigidity of the machine tool has great influence on the machining precision and the machining surface quality of the machine tool, and is one of important indexes for evaluating the performance of the machine tool. After long-time uninterrupted cutting operation, the rigidity of the machine tool is continuously reduced, and when the rigidity characteristic is reduced to influence the processing quality, the maintenance time and labor cost of the machine tool at the moment are extremely high, so that the static rigidity of the machine tool is required to be periodically detected to periodically evaluate the processing performance of the machine tool.
At present, the consideration of the static rigidity of the machine tool basically stays in a design stage and a prototype testing stage, a detection means of an external device is adopted, a great deal of manpower and material resources and time cost are inevitably consumed, and when the rigidity of the machine tool needs to be periodically detected in the whole life cycle of the machine tool, a great deal of inconvenience is brought to the current ubiquitous detection means.
Disclosure of Invention
In the summary, a series of concepts in a simplified form are introduced, which will be further described in detail in the detailed description. This summary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used as an aid in determining the scope of the claimed subject matter.
In order to solve the technical problem of loss of manpower, material resources and time caused by detection of the static stiffness of the machine tool by adopting an external device, the main purpose of the application is to provide a detection device, a machine tool and a machine tool detection method.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the application adopts the following technical scheme:
a detection apparatus, comprising:
a main body member having a table surface for placing a workpiece to be processed; and
the detection assembly is connected with the main body piece and is used for respectively applying forces in the X, Y direction and the Z direction to the machine tool false knife;
the main body piece is provided with a mounting hole on the table top, the detection assembly is mounted in the mounting hole, and the detection assembly is used for applying a preset acting force to the machine tool false knife extending into the mounting hole and detecting the displacement of the machine tool false knife.
Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the detection assembly includes a loading table, two radial loading members, an axial loading member, two radial sensors, and an axial sensor;
the loading platform is installed in the mounting hole, and the loading platform is provided with a detection hole for the machine tool false knife to extend into, the radial loading pieces and the radial sensors are arranged in four vertical directions on the periphery of the detection hole, the acting force loading directions of the radial loading pieces are vertical, the axial loading pieces and the axial sensors are arranged at the bottom of the detection hole, the radial sensors are used for detecting the radial displacement of the machine tool false knife, and the axial sensors are used for detecting the axial displacement of the machine tool false knife.
Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the loading platform is provided with two radial loading holes for mounting the radial loading member, two connecting holes for mounting the radial sensor, and an axial loading hole for mounting the axial loading member; the radial loading hole, the first connecting hole and the axial loading hole are respectively communicated with the detection hole;
the loading piece is a hydraulic loading piece, and the loading platform is respectively provided with oil holes communicated with the radial loading holes and the axial loading holes.
Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the radial loader includes a radial piston and a radial seal cover;
the radial piston is in sealing sliding fit with the radial loading hole, a first oil cavity is formed between the radial piston and the inner wall of the radial loading hole, the radial sealing cover is in sealing connection with the radial loading hole, and a second oil cavity is formed by surrounding the radial sealing cover, the radial piston and the inner wall of the radial loading hole;
the loading platform is provided with oil holes which are respectively communicated with the first oil cavity and the second oil cavity, so that the radial piston moves towards or away from the machine tool false knife by controlling the oil quantity of the first oil cavity and the second oil cavity.
Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the axial loading member includes an axial piston and an axial sealing cover;
the axial piston is in sealing sliding fit with the axial loading hole, a first axial oil cavity is formed between the axial piston and the inner wall of the axial loading hole, the axial sealing cover is in sealing connection with the axial loading hole, and a second axial oil cavity is formed by surrounding the axial sealing cover, the axial piston and the inner wall of the axial loading hole;
the loading platform is provided with oil holes which are respectively communicated with the first axial oil cavity and the second axial oil cavity, so that the axial piston moves towards or away from the machine tool false knife by controlling the oil quantity of the first axial oil cavity and the second axial oil cavity.
Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the above-mentioned detection assembly further includes an end cap detachably mounted to the detection hole, and an upper surface of the end cap is flush with the table top.
Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the mounting hole is formed in a middle portion of the main body, and an axis of the mounting hole is perpendicular to a table top of the main body.
Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the main body member is provided with a plurality of clamping grooves on the table top, and the clamping grooves are used for being matched with the fixture to clamp the workpiece to be machined.
A machine tool is provided with the detection device.
A machine tool detection method comprising:
moving the machine tool false knife into a detection hole of the workbench;
applying an X-direction acting force to the machine tool false knife;
obtaining the displacement of the machine tool false knife in the X direction;
calculating the static stiffness value of the X direction according to the acting force and the displacement of the X direction, and judging whether the static stiffness value of the X direction accords with a preset static stiffness threshold value or not;
if yes, stopping applying the X-direction acting force, applying the Y-direction acting force to the machine tool false knife after the machine tool false knife is stationary for a preset time, acquiring the Y-direction displacement, and calculating and judging whether the Y-direction static stiffness value accords with a preset static stiffness threshold value;
if yes, stopping applying the Y-direction acting force, applying the Z-direction acting force to the machine tool false knife after the machine tool false knife is stationary for a preset time, acquiring the Z-direction displacement, and calculating and judging whether the Z-direction static stiffness value accords with a preset static stiffness threshold value;
if yes, stopping applying the Z-direction acting force, moving the machine tool false knife out of the detection hole, and finishing detection.
According to the technical scheme, the detection device has the advantages that:
the utility model provides a detection device, detection device include main part and detection component, and the main part has the mesa that is used for placing the work piece, and detection component is used for applys XYZ three direction effort to the lathe false knife, the main part is in the mounting hole has been seted up to the mesa, detection component install in the mounting hole, detection component is used for stretching into lathe false knife in the mounting hole applys the effort of default, and detects the displacement of lathe false knife, calculates quiet rigidity value according to the ratio of effort and displacement, realizes the detection to the XYZ three direction quiet rigidity of lathe, and this application scheme will detect the function and integrate into the lathe, makes the main part can regard as lathe workstation and detection device to use for detection process modularization, programming, reduces manpower and materials consumption and time cost loss that the measuring means of adding the device brought.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings which are used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it will be obvious to a person skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a partial schematic configuration diagram of a machine tool installation detection device according to an exemplary embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a partial perspective view schematically showing a machine tool mounting detection device according to an exemplary embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a detection device according to an exemplary embodiment when a tool holder is positioned in a detection hole.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing another cross-sectional structure of the inspection apparatus when a tool bit is positioned in the inspection hole according to an exemplary embodiment.
Figure 5 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a detection assembly of a detection device according to an exemplary embodiment,
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a cross-sectional structure of a test assembly loading station of a test device, according to an exemplary embodiment.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a cross-sectional structure of a detection assembly of a detection device according to an exemplary embodiment.
Fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view in the A-A direction of fig. 7 showing a detection device according to an exemplary embodiment.
Fig. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view in the direction B-B of fig. 7 showing a detection device according to an exemplary embodiment.
Fig. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view in the direction C-C of fig. 7 showing a detection device according to an exemplary embodiment.
Fig. 11 is a flow diagram illustrating a method of detection according to an example embodiment.
Wherein reference numerals are as follows:
1-a lathe bed; 2-detecting means; 3-a main shaft; 4-false tool of the machine tool;
21-a body member; 22-a detection assembly;
211-a table top; 212-mounting holes; 213-clamping groove; 214-a first via; 215-a first via;
221-loading station; 222-a first radial loading member; 223-a second radial loading member; 224-axial loading member; 225-a first radial sensor; 226-a second radial sensor; 227-an axial sensor; 228-end caps;
2211—a detection well; 2212—radial loading aperture; 2213—a connection hole; 2214-axial loading hole; 2215—a first oil hole; 2216—a second oil hole; 2217—a third oil hole; 2218—a first routing hole; 2219—a second routing hole;
2221—a first radial piston; 2222-first radial seal cap; 2223—a first radial oil chamber; 2224-second radial oil chamber;
2231-a second radial piston; 2232-a second radial seal cap; 2233-a third radial oil chamber; 2234-fourth radial oil chamber;
2241-axial pistons; 2242-axial sealing covers; 2243-a first axial oil chamber; 2244-second axial oil chamber.
Detailed Description
For the purposes of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art without making any inventive effort, based on the embodiments herein, are intended to be within the scope of the present application, and therefore the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The static rigidity of the machine tool has great influence on the machining precision and the machining surface quality of the machine tool, and is one of important indexes for evaluating the performance of the machine tool. After long-time uninterrupted cutting operation, the rigidity of the machine tool is continuously reduced, and when the rigidity characteristic is reduced to influence the processing quality, the maintenance time and labor cost of the machine tool at the moment are extremely high, so that the static rigidity of the machine tool is required to be periodically detected to periodically evaluate the processing performance of the machine tool.
At present, the consideration of the static rigidity of the machine tool basically stays in a design stage and a prototype testing stage, a detection means of an external device is adopted, a great deal of manpower and material resources and time cost are inevitably consumed, and when the rigidity of the machine tool needs to be periodically detected in the whole life cycle of the machine tool, a great deal of inconvenience is brought to the current ubiquitous detection means.
In order to solve the technical problem of loss of manpower, material resources and time caused by detection of external device adopted by static stiffness of a machine tool, the main aim of the application is to provide a detection device 2, the machine tool and a machine tool detection method, the detection device 2 comprises a main body part 21 and a detection component 22, the main body part 21 is provided with a table top 211 for placing a workpiece to be machined, the detection component 22 is used for applying XYZ three-direction acting force to the machine tool false knife 4, the main body part 21 is provided with a mounting hole 212 on the table top 211, the detection component 22 is mounted in the mounting hole 212, the detection component 22 is used for applying a preset acting force to the machine tool false knife 4 extending into the mounting hole 212 and detecting the displacement of the machine tool false knife 4, and the static stiffness value is calculated according to the ratio of the acting force to the displacement, so that detection of the XYZ three directions of the machine tool static stiffness is realized.
Referring to fig. 1 to 11, the present application provides a detection device 2, a machine tool, and a machine tool detection method, wherein the machine tool is provided with the detection device 2, the detection method is a method for detecting static stiffness of the machine tool, the machine tool further comprises a machine body 1 and a spindle 3, a tool is arranged on the spindle 3, and a machine tool false tool 4 is arranged on the spindle 3 when the machine tool detects static stiffness.
The detection device 2 comprises a main body piece 21 and a detection assembly 22, the main body piece 21 is arranged on the upper surface of the lathe bed 1, the main body piece 21 is provided with a table top 211, the table top 211 faces the main shaft 3, preferably, the table top 211 is perpendicular to the main shaft 3, the table top 211 is provided with a mounting hole 212, the detection assembly 22 is arranged in the mounting hole 212, preferably, the mounting hole 212 is positioned in the middle of the table top 211, and the lathe bed is convenient to move for rigidity detection.
In this application scheme, main part 21 can be used as the workstation of lathe, and a plurality of draw-in grooves 213 are seted up to the mesa 211 side of main part 21, and draw-in groove 213 extends to the opposite side from one side of main part 21, and draw-in groove 213 can cooperate with the anchor clamps joint, and anchor clamps cooperate with draw-in groove 213 and fix the machined part on the mesa 211 of main part 21, and draw-in groove 213 still has the water conservancy diversion effect, and during the lathe processing, draw-in groove 213 guide coolant liquid flows, keeps the clean and tidy of mesa 211.
After the machine tool false knife 4 stretches into the mounting hole 212, the detection assembly 22 applies forces in the directions X, Y and Z to the machine tool false knife 4 respectively, displacement amounts of the machine tool in the directions X, Y and Z are detected respectively, static stiffness of the machine tool in the directions X, Y and Z is calculated according to the forces and the corresponding displacement amounts, the X direction and the Y direction are perpendicular to the axial direction of the main shaft 3, the X direction and the Y direction are perpendicular to each other, and the Z direction is parallel to the axial direction of the main shaft 3.
In this application, the detection assembly 22 includes two radial loading members, an axial loading member 224, two radial sensors and an axial sensor 227, where the two radial loading members, the axial loading member 224, the two radial sensors and the axial sensor 227 can be installed in the main body member 21, and the detection of the machine tool false tool 4 is achieved by controlling the radial loading member and the axial loading member 224 to apply an acting force to the machine tool false tool 4; the two radial loading members, the axial loading member 224, the two radial sensors and the axial sensor 227 may be combined into a single integral component and installed in the mounting hole 212, that is, the detection assembly 22 includes a loading table 221, the two radial loading members, the axial loading member 224, the two radial sensors and the axial sensor 227 are installed on the loading table 221, the loading table 221 is installed in the mounting hole 212, the loading table 221 is provided with a detection hole 2211, and preferably, the detection hole 2211 is coaxially arranged with the mounting hole 212, so that the axial loading member 224 applies force to the machine tool false tool 4 more accurately.
Referring to fig. 3-10, the radial loading piece comprises a radial piston and a radial sealing cover, the radial piston is in sealing sliding fit with the radial loading hole 2212, a first oil cavity is formed between the radial piston and the inner wall of the radial loading hole 2212, the radial sealing cover is in sealing connection with the radial loading hole 2212, a second oil cavity is formed by surrounding the radial sealing cover, the radial piston and the inner wall of the radial loading hole 2212, the loading platform 221 is provided with oil holes which are respectively communicated with the first oil cavity and the second oil cavity, so that the radial piston moves towards or back to the machine tool false tool 4 by controlling the oil quantity of the first oil cavity and the second oil cavity.
In the present embodiment, two radial loading members, an axial loading member 224, two radial sensors, and an axial sensor 227 are assembled as a unitary component to be mounted within the mounting hole 212. The detection assembly 22 includes a loading table 221, and the loading table 221 is provided with a detection hole 2211, a radial loading hole 2212, a connection hole 2213, an axial loading hole 2214, a first oil hole 2215, a second oil hole 2216, a third oil hole 2217, a first routing hole 2218 and a second routing hole 2219, which are communicated with the detection hole 2211.
The loading table 221 is cylindrical, the detection hole 2211 and the loading table 221 are coaxially arranged, two radial loading holes 2212 and two connecting holes 2213 are respectively arranged, the two radial loading holes 2212 and the two connecting holes 2213 are distributed in four perpendicular directions on the periphery of the detection hole 2211, namely, the two radial loading holes 2212 and the two connecting holes 2213 are distributed on the periphery of the detection hole 2211 in a cross shape, and the two radial loading holes 2212 are in a perpendicular relationship. The axial loading hole 2214 is arranged below the detection hole 2211, the axial loading hole 2214 and the detection hole 2211 are coaxially arranged, two radial loading pieces are arranged in the two radial loading holes 2212, two radial sensors are arranged in the two connecting holes 2213, and the axial loading piece 224 is arranged in the axial loading hole 2214, so that the acting force direction is parallel to the main shaft 3 of the machine tool, and the detection error is reduced.
For convenience of description, the two radial loaders are defined as a first radial loader 222 and a second radial loader 223, respectively, and the two radial sensors are defined as a first radial sensor 225 and a second radial sensor 226, respectively, the first radial loader 222 and the first radial sensor 225 are disposed at opposite sides of the detection hole 2211, and the second radial loader 223 and the second radial sensor 226 are disposed at opposite sides of the detection hole 2211, respectively. The radial piston of the first radial loader is defined as a first radial piston 2221, the radial seal cover of the first radial loader is defined as a first radial seal cover 2222, the two oil chambers of the first radial loader are defined as a first radial oil chamber 2223 and a second radial oil chamber 2224, respectively, the radial piston of the second radial loader is defined as a second radial piston 2231, the radial seal cover of the second radial loader is defined as a second radial seal cover 2232, and the two oil chambers of the second radial loader are defined as a third radial oil chamber 2233 and a fourth radial oil chamber 2234, respectively.
During the detection process, the person skilled in the art can define: the direction of the acting force of the first radial loading piece 222 on the machine tool false knife 4 is the X direction, the direction of the acting force of the second radial loading piece 223 on the machine tool false knife 4 is the Y direction, and the direction of the acting force of the axial loading piece 224 on the machine tool is the Z direction.
In this application scheme, first radial loading piece, radial loading piece of second and axial loading piece can be the hydraulic loading piece, carries hydraulic oil through the oilhole, and the external hydraulic system of oilhole. The first radial sensor 225, the second radial sensor 226 and the axial sensor 227 can adopt displacement sensors, so that the displacement of the machine tool false knife 4 in the detection process can be obtained quickly and directly, the first radial sensor 225 and the second radial sensor 226 detect the radial displacement of the machine tool false knife 4, and the axial sensor 227 is used for detecting the axial displacement of the lathe false knife.
Referring to fig. 3 and 6-8, the first radial loading member 222 includes a first radial piston 2221, a first radial seal cover 2222, a first radial oil chamber 2223, and a second radial oil chamber 2224, the first radial piston 2221 is in sealing sliding fit with the first radial loading hole, the first radial piston 2221 includes a head portion and a cylindrical portion, the loading table 221 is provided with a circular first opening, the first opening communicates the first radial loading hole with the detection hole 2211, the head portion of the first radial piston 2221 is in sealing sliding fit with the first opening, the cylindrical portion of the first radial piston 2221 is in sealing sliding fit with the first radial loading hole, the diameter of the first opening is smaller than the diameter of the first radial loading hole, the first radial seal cover 2222 is in sealing connection with the first radial loading hole, the first radial oil chamber 2223 is formed around the front end side of the cylindrical portion of the first radial piston 2221, the peripheral side of the head portion of the first radial piston 2221, and the inner wall of the first radial loading hole, the first radial sealing cover 2222, the rear end side of the column part of the first radial piston 2221 and the inner wall of the first radial loading hole are surrounded to form a second radial oil cavity 2224, the loading part is provided with two first oil holes 2215, the two first oil holes 2215 are respectively communicated with the first radial oil cavity 2223 and the second radial oil cavity 2224 so as to control the oil quantity of the first radial oil cavity 2223 and the second radial oil cavity 2224, the first radial piston 2221 moves towards or away from the machine tool false tool 4, when the force is required to be applied to the machine tool false tool 4, hydraulic oil in the first radial oil cavity 2223 is reduced by injecting hydraulic oil into the second radial oil cavity 2224, the hydraulic oil in the second oil cavity extrudes the first radial piston 2221 to move towards the machine tool false tool 4 and extrudes the machine tool false tool 4, and after the force reaches a preset threshold value F X The first radial sensor 225 detects the displacement δ added to the machine tool X Then according to formula static stiffness K X ＝F X /δ X And obtaining the static stiffness value of the machine tool in the X direction.
One skilled in the art can calculate the acting force applied by the first radial piston 2221 to the machine tool dummy cutter 4 according to the formula f=as×p based on the area As of the rear end side of the cylinder portion of the first radial piston 2221 and the path pressure P, and the oil hole on the loading table 221 is externally connected with a hydraulic system, or control the acting force of the first radial piston 2221 to the machine tool dummy cutter 4 according to the hydraulic variation of the hydraulic system.
Referring to fig. 3, the first oil hole 2215 is connected to the bottom side of the loading table 221, the loading table 221 is further provided with two first routing holes 2218, the first routing holes 2218 are connected to the bottom side of the loading table 221, each connecting hole 2213 is correspondingly connected with one first routing hole 2218, and the first routing holes 2218 are used for routing of the first radial sensor 225 and the second radial sensor 226. The bottom of the main body 21 is provided with a first through hole 214 corresponding to the first oil hole 2215 and the second oil hole 2216, and the bottom of the main body 21 is provided with a second through hole 215 corresponding to the two first routing holes 2218.
Referring to fig. 4, 6-7 and 9, the second radial loading member 223 includes a second radial piston 2231, a second radial seal cap 2232, a third radial oil chamber 2233 and a fourth radial oil chamber 2234, the second radial piston 2231 is in sealing sliding fit with the second radial load hole, the second radial piston 2231 includes a head portion and a cylindrical portion, the loading table 221 is provided with a circular second opening, the second opening communicates the second radial load hole with the detection hole 2211, the head portion of the second radial piston 2231 is in sealing sliding fit with the second opening, the cylindrical portion of the second radial piston 2231 is in sealing sliding fit with the second radial load hole, the diameter of the second opening is smaller than the diameter of the second radial load hole, the second radial seal cap 2232 is in sealing connection with the second radial load hole, a cylinder 2233 is formed by surrounding between the front end side of the cylindrical portion of the second radial piston 2231, the peripheral side of the head portion of the second radial piston 2231 and the inner wall of the second radial load hole, the rear end side of the second radial seal cap 2232, and the second radial load holeThe inner walls of the holes are surrounded to form a fourth radial oil cavity 2234, the loading part is provided with two second oil holes 2216, the two second oil holes 2216 are respectively communicated with the third radial oil cavity 2233 and the fourth radial oil cavity 2234 so as to control the oil quantity of the third radial oil cavity 2233 and the fourth radial oil cavity 2234, the second radial piston 2231 moves towards or away from the machine tool false tool 4, when force needs to be applied to the machine tool false tool 4, hydraulic oil is injected into the fourth radial oil cavity 2234, hydraulic oil in the third radial oil cavity 2233 is reduced, and hydraulic oil in the fourth radial oil cavity 2234 extrudes the second radial piston 2231 to move towards the machine tool false tool 4 and extrude the machine tool false tool 4. F after the acting force reaches a preset threshold Y The first radial sensor 225 detects the displacement δ added to the machine tool Y Then according to formula static stiffness K Y ＝F Y /δ Y And obtaining the static stiffness value of the machine tool in the Y direction.
Referring to fig. 3-4, fig. 6-7 and fig. 10, the axial loading member 224 includes an axial piston 2241, a second axial seal head 228, a first axial oil chamber 2243 and a second axial oil chamber 2244, the axial piston 2241 is in sealing sliding fit with the axial loading hole 2214, the axial piston 2241 includes a head portion and a cylindrical portion, the loading table 221 is provided with a circular third opening communicating the axial loading hole 2214 with the detection hole 2211, the head portion of the axial piston 2241 is in sealing sliding fit with the third opening, the cylindrical portion of the axial piston 2241 is in sealing sliding fit with the axial loading hole 2214, and the diameter of the third opening is smaller than the diameter of the axial loading hole 2214, the axial seal cover 2242 is in sealing connection with the axial loading hole 2214, a first axial oil chamber 2243 is formed between the front end side of the cylindrical portion of the axial piston 2241, the head portion peripheral side of the axial piston 2241 and the inner wall of the axial loading hole 2244, a second axial oil chamber 2244 is formed between the inner wall of the axial seal cover 2242, the cylindrical portion peripheral side of the axial seal head portion of the axial seal cover 2241 and the inner wall of the axial oil chamber 2244 is provided with a second axial oil chamber 2244, the third axial seal head portion of the cylindrical portion of the axial seal head 2 is provided with a diameter smaller than the diameter of the axial seal head chamber 2244, and the axial seal chamber 2244 is provided with a diameter, when the second axial seal head is required to be moved in the axial seal chamber 2244, and the axial seal chamber 2244 is required to be moved axially by a direction of the axial direction of the machine tool 2, and the axial direction of the axial cavity 2244 is required to be controlled by the axial direction and a valve 2 is required to be moved by a first axial direction and a valve 2, and a thrust valve is required to be moved by a valve and a required side is required to be respectivelyHydraulic oil is injected into the first axial oil chamber 2243, the hydraulic oil in the second axial oil chamber 2244 presses the axial piston 2241 to move toward the false tool 4 and press the false tool 4, and F is set after the working force reaches a preset threshold value Z The first radial sensor 225 detects the displacement δ added to the machine tool Z Then according to formula static stiffness K Z ＝F Z /δ Z And obtaining the static stiffness value of the machine tool in the Z direction.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3-4 and fig. 9-10, a cavity (not labeled) is further provided in the main body member 21, a plurality of reinforcing ribs are provided in the cavity, and in a state of overlooking the table top 211, the plurality of reinforcing ribs are arranged in a shape of a "field", the weight of the main body member 21 can be reduced by the cavity, and the bending resistance and torsion resistance of the main body are improved by the plurality of reinforcing ribs. The cavity structure communicates with the mounting hole 212, a bottom hole communicating with the cavity is provided at the bottom of the main body member 21, and two third oil holes 2217 communicate with the periphery of the loading table 221, so that the two third oil holes 2217 communicate with the outside through the cavity and the bottom hole. The axial sensor 227 is installed at the bottom of the detection hole 2211, the loading platform 221 is provided with a second wiring hole 2219 communicated with the detection hole 2211, and the second wiring hole 2219 is communicated with the first wiring hole 2218. The inner wall of the detection hole 2211 above the axial sensor 227 is provided with a boss for limiting the downward movement of the end cover 228, and the upper surface of the end cover 228 is flush with the table top 211 of the main body member 21, so that the stability of fixing the workpiece to be machined is ensured.
Further, in this embodiment of the present application, the machine tool dummy cutter 4 may have a hollow shaft structure, the diameter of the machine tool dummy cutter 4 is smaller than the diameter of the detection hole 2211, preferably, the diameter of the machine tool dummy cutter 4 is half of the diameter of the detection hole 2211, so that the machine tool dummy cutter 4 can move in the detection hole 2211, and further the displacement of the machine tool dummy cutter 4 is obtained.
The embodiment of the application also provides a machine tool, which comprises the detection device 2, wherein the detection device 2 is arranged on the machine tool body 1 of the machine tool, and the detection device 2 is provided with a table top 211 for placing a workpiece to be machined, so that the detection device 2 has the functions of bearing a workpiece and detecting the machine tool.
The embodiment of the application also provides a detection method, which is a method for detecting static stiffness of the machine tool, and referring to fig. 11, the detection method comprises the following steps:
s01: moving the machine tool false knife 4 into the detection hole 2211 of the workbench;
specifically, a detection program is started, the tool magazine is used for replacing the machine tool false tool 4, the machine tool false tool 4 is aligned with the detection hole 2211 of the detection assembly 22, and the machine tool false tool 4 is controlled to move downwards and extend into the detection hole 2211;
s02: applying an X-direction acting force to the machine tool false knife 4;
specifically, the first radial loader 222 is activated, and the first radial piston 2221 of the first radial loader 222 moves toward the machine tool virtual tool 4, and applies a preset force in the X direction to the machine tool virtual tool 4.
S03: obtaining the displacement of the machine tool false knife 4X direction;
specifically, the first radial sensor 225 detects the displacement amount of the machine tool false blade 4 in the X direction;
s04: calculating the static stiffness value of the X direction according to the acting force and the displacement of the X direction, and judging whether the static stiffness value of the X direction accords with a preset static stiffness threshold value or not;
specifically, the acting force Fx and the displacement δx are transmitted to a main control board, and according to a static stiffness calculation formula: kx=acting force Fx/displacement δx, comparing the calculated X-direction static stiffness value with a preset static stiffness value in a database, and judging whether the X-direction static stiffness value is smaller than a preset static stiffness threshold value.
S05: if yes, stopping applying the X-direction acting force, applying the Y-direction acting force to the machine tool false knife 4 after the machine tool false knife 4 is stationary for a preset time, acquiring the Y-direction displacement, and calculating and judging whether the Y-direction static stiffness value accords with a preset static stiffness threshold value;
specifically, if the static stiffness value in the machine tool X direction is smaller than the preset static stiffness threshold, the first radial piston 2221 is controlled to move away from the machine tool false knife 4, the application of the force in the X direction to the machine tool false knife 4 is stopped, after the machine tool false knife 4 is stationary for a preset time, in the scheme of the application, the preset time can be 0.5 to 3 hours, the second radial piston 2231 of the second radial loading part 223 is controlled to move towards the machine tool, the preset force in the Y direction is applied to the machine tool false knife 4, the displacement of the machine tool false knife 4 in the Y direction is obtained through the second radial sensor 226, the force Fy and the displacement δy are transmitted to the main control board, and according to the static stiffness calculation formula: ky=acting force Fy/displacement δy, comparing the calculated Y-direction static stiffness value with a preset static stiffness value in a database, and judging whether the machine tool Y-direction static stiffness value is smaller than a preset static stiffness threshold value.
S06: if not, prompting maintenance of the machine tool;
specifically, if the static stiffness value of the machine tool in the X direction is greater than or equal to a preset static stiffness threshold value, the main control board sends out prompt information for maintaining the machine tool;
s07: if yes, stopping applying the Y-direction acting force, applying the Z-direction acting force to the machine tool false knife 4 after the machine tool false knife 4 is stationary for a preset time, acquiring the Z-direction displacement, and calculating and judging whether the Z-direction static stiffness value accords with a preset static stiffness threshold value;
specifically, if the machine tool Y-direction static stiffness value is smaller than a preset static stiffness threshold value,
the second radial piston 2231 is controlled to move away from the machine tool false knife 4, the application of the Y-direction acting force to the machine tool false knife 4 is stopped, and after the machine tool false knife 4 is stationary for a preset time, in the scheme of the application, the preset time can be 0.5-3 hours, the axial piston 2241 of the axial loading piece 224 is controlled to move towards the machine tool, the Z-direction preset acting force is applied to the machine tool false knife 4, the displacement of the machine tool false knife 4 in the Z-direction is obtained through the axial sensor 227, the acting force Fz and the displacement δz are transmitted to the main control board, and according to the static stiffness calculation formula: kz=acting force Fz/displacement δz, comparing the calculated Z-direction static stiffness value with a preset static stiffness value in a database, and judging whether the Z-direction static stiffness value of the machine tool is smaller than a preset static stiffness threshold value.
S08: if not, prompting maintenance of the machine tool;
specifically, if the static stiffness value of the machine tool in the Y direction is greater than or equal to a preset static stiffness threshold value, the main control board sends out prompt information for maintaining the machine tool;
s09: if so, stopping applying the Z-direction force, removing the false knife of the machine tool from the detection hole 2211, and ending the detection.
Specifically, if the Z-directional static stiffness value of the machine tool is smaller than the preset static stiffness threshold value, the axial piston of the axial loading piece 224 is controlled to move away from the machine tool false knife 4, and the machine tool is controlled to move the machine tool false knife 4 out of the detection hole 2211.
S10: if not, prompting maintenance of the machine tool;
specifically, if the static stiffness value of the machine tool in the Z direction is greater than or equal to a preset static stiffness threshold value, the main control board sends out prompt information for maintaining the machine tool.
In this embodiment of the present application, the detection method may be further used in a detection system, where the detection system includes a main control board, the main control board is used to control the machine tool to drive the machine tool false tool 4 to move and the detection component 22 to perform detection, the data storage module stores historical detection data and preset static stiffness values, the historical detection data includes X, Y calculated by the main control board in a historical manner and static stiffness in a Z direction, and according to the historical detection data and the latest detection data, the main control board may output according to the historical detection data and the latest detection data and display in the form of a table, a line graph, a bar graph, and so on in the display panel. The main control board periodically starts a detection program according to a detection method to detect the static stiffness of the machine tool, and stores detection data in a data storage module, and when the stiffness value is reduced to a set protection threshold value, maintenance prompt information is sent out.
It should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The foregoing is only a specific embodiment of the invention to enable those skilled in the art to understand or practice the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the general inventive concept. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (7)
1. A detection apparatus, characterized by comprising:
a main body member (21) having a table top (211) for placing a workpiece to be processed; and
the detection assembly (22) is connected with the main body piece (21) and is used for respectively applying forces in the directions X, Y and Z to the machine tool false knife (4);
the main body piece (21) is provided with a mounting hole (212) on the table top (211), a detection assembly (22) is mounted on the mounting hole (212), and the detection assembly (22) is used for applying a preset acting force to a machine tool false knife (4) extending into the mounting hole (212) and detecting the displacement of the machine tool false knife (4);
the detection assembly (22) comprises a loading table (221), two radial loading pieces, an axial loading piece (224), two radial sensors and an axial sensor (227);
the loading table (221) is installed in the installation hole (212), the loading table (221) is provided with a detection hole (2211) into which the machine tool false knife (4) extends, two radial loading pieces and two radial sensors are arranged in four vertical directions on the periphery of the detection hole (2211), acting force loading directions of the two radial loading pieces are vertical, the axial loading pieces (224) and the axial sensors (227) are arranged at the bottom of the detection hole (2211), the radial sensors are used for detecting the radial displacement of the machine tool false knife (4), and the axial sensors (227) are used for detecting the axial displacement of the machine tool false knife (4); the loading table (221) is provided with two radial loading holes (2212) for mounting the radial loading piece, two connecting holes (2213) for mounting the radial sensor and an axial loading hole (2214) for mounting the axial loading piece (224), and the radial loading holes (2212), the connecting holes (2213) and the axial loading holes (2214) are respectively communicated with the detection holes (2211);
the radial loading piece and the axial loading piece (224) are hydraulic loading pieces, and the loading platform (221) is respectively provided with oil holes communicated with the radial loading holes (2212) and the axial loading holes (2214); the radial loading piece comprises a radial piston and a radial sealing cover;
the radial piston is in sealing sliding fit with the radial loading hole (2212), a first oil cavity is formed between the radial piston and the inner wall of the radial loading hole (2212), the radial sealing cover is in sealing connection with the radial loading hole (2212), and a second oil cavity is formed by surrounding the radial sealing cover, the radial piston and the inner wall of the radial loading hole (2212);
the loading table (221) is provided with oil holes which are respectively communicated with the first oil cavity and the second oil cavity, so that the radial piston moves towards or away from the machine tool false knife (4) by controlling the oil quantity of the first oil cavity and the second oil cavity.
2. The inspection apparatus of claim 1, wherein said axial loading member (224) comprises an axial piston (2241) and an axial seal cap (2242);
the axial piston (2241) is in sealing sliding fit with the axial loading hole (2214), a first axial oil cavity (2243) is formed between the axial piston (2241) and the inner wall of the axial loading hole (2214), the axial sealing cover (2242) is in sealing connection with the axial loading hole (2214), and a second axial oil cavity (2244) is formed by surrounding the axial sealing cover (2242), the axial piston (2241) and the inner wall of the axial loading hole (2214);
the loading table (221) is provided with oil holes which are respectively communicated with the first axial oil cavity (2243) and the second axial oil cavity (2244) so as to enable the axial piston (2241) to move towards or back to the machine tool false tool (4) by controlling the oil quantity of the first axial oil cavity (2243) and the second axial oil cavity (2244).
3. The inspection apparatus of claim 1, wherein the inspection assembly (22) further comprises an end cap (228) removably mounted to the inspection aperture (2211), an upper surface of the end cap (228) being flush with the table top (211).
4. The detection device according to claim 1, wherein the mounting hole (212) is provided in a middle portion of the main body member (21), and an axis of the mounting hole (212) is perpendicular to a table top (211) of the main body member (21).
5. The detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that the main body member (21) is provided with a plurality of clamping grooves (213) on the table top (211), and the clamping grooves (213) are used for being matched with a clamp to clamp a workpiece to be processed.
6. A machine tool, characterized in that a detection device according to any one of claims 1-5 is mounted.
7. A machine tool detection method for detecting a machine tool according to claim 6, comprising:
moving the machine tool false knife (4) into a detection hole (2211) of the workbench;
applying an X-direction acting force to the machine tool false knife (4);
obtaining the displacement of the machine tool false knife (4) in the X direction;
calculating the static stiffness value of the X direction according to the acting force and the displacement of the X direction, and judging whether the static stiffness value of the X direction accords with a preset static stiffness threshold value or not;
if yes, stopping applying the acting force in the X direction, applying the acting force in the Y direction to the machine tool false knife (4) after the machine tool false knife (4) is stationary for a preset time, acquiring the displacement in the Y direction, and calculating and judging whether the static stiffness value in the Y direction meets a preset static stiffness threshold value;
if yes, stopping applying the Y-direction acting force, applying the Z-direction acting force to the machine tool false knife (4) after the machine tool false knife (4) is stationary for a preset time, acquiring the displacement of the Z direction, and calculating and judging whether the Z-direction static stiffness value accords with a preset static stiffness threshold value;
if yes, stopping applying the Z-direction acting force, moving the machine tool false knife (4) out of the detection hole (2211), and ending the detection.
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