CN114114607A - Lens encapsulating method of plane reflector of satellite-borne optical equipment - Google Patents
Lens encapsulating method of plane reflector of satellite-borne optical equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN114114607A CN114114607A CN202111245626.5A CN202111245626A CN114114607A CN 114114607 A CN114114607 A CN 114114607A CN 202111245626 A CN202111245626 A CN 202111245626A CN 114114607 A CN114114607 A CN 114114607A
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- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
- G02B7/18—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors
- G02B7/182—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors for mirrors
- G02B7/185—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors for mirrors with means for adjusting the shape of the mirror surface
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/002—Pretreatement
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/007—After-treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
- B05D3/0218—Pretreatment, e.g. heating the substrate
Abstract
The invention provides a lens encapsulating method of a plane reflector of satellite-borne optical equipment, which is characterized in that a thermal cycle test is introduced to fully eliminate the stress of a lens, so that the surface form value of a naked lens is stable and reliable, the using method of a sealant is corrected, the lens is cured for 24 hours at room temperature after being glued, the subsequent glue-encapsulating operation is carried out after the complete curing of the lens is ensured, the method for mixing the optical structure glue is improved, the optical structure glue is subjected to defoaming treatment, the performance of the optical structure glue is ensured, a correct inner cavity encapsulating method is introduced, and the glue-injecting quantity is ensured to be fixed. The invention verifies the product reliability by improving the whole process of the gluing and encapsulating technology of the plane reflector and detecting by an interferometer, and finally realizes that the shape value RMS after encapsulation is superior to lambda/20 and the PV is superior to lambda/6. The model solves the technical problem which puzzles the optical lens glue joint for a long time, realizes the optimization of the optical glue curing process and the glue joint process, realizes the controllability of the glue joint technology and greatly improves the reliability of products.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of measurement and testing, in particular to a lens encapsulating method of a plane reflector of satellite-borne optical equipment.
Background
The satellite-borne optical equipment is a new generation high-speed satellite communication product integrating optical collector electromechanical high-tech technology, has the advantages of small volume, light weight, low power consumption, strong confidentiality and the like, can well meet the increasing communication requirements of future aerospace detection activities, has non-trivial competitiveness and necessity of accelerated development in a plurality of fields such as laser remote sensing, atmospheric ocean detection, environment monitoring, laser communication, photoelectric and image processing technology, digital manufacturing and the like, and has special status in military, commercial and aerospace technologies.
The plane reflector is one of important precise optical components in the product of satellite-borne optical equipment. The technical problem is to ensure that the surface shape precision of the plane reflector can still be in the range of design indexes after glue joint and encapsulation. The traditional assembly process is insufficient in understanding scientific problems such as bonding matching property, curing dynamics and the like, and has the problems of uncontrollable bonding process and poor product reliability. In addition, in the existing process flow, the gluing amount, the gluing process, the curing time and the like are not clearly explained, the bonding of the optical lens is lack of mature process guidance, and the manual experience is excessively relied on. The surface shape accuracy index of the plane reflector has great significance on the tracking and pointing performance and the communication performance of the satellite-borne optical equipment system. A reasonable encapsulating process route of the optical cement is explored, the bonding technology is ensured to be controllable and reliable, and the problem needs to be solved before the optical cement is applied to the inter-satellite communication load.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the surface shape precision of a lens in the traditional bonding process cannot meet the design index, and provides a lens encapsulating method of a plane reflector of satellite-borne optical equipment, wherein the whole process of the plane reflector bonding and encapsulating technology is improved, the reliability of a product is verified through interferometer detection, and finally the purpose that the shape value RMS of the back surface of encapsulated lens is superior to lambda/20 and the PV is superior to lambda/6 is achieved. The model solves the technical problem which puzzles the optical lens glue joint for a long time, realizes the optimization of the optical glue curing process and the glue joint process, realizes the controllability of the glue joint technology and greatly improves the reliability of products.
The invention provides a lens encapsulating method of a plane reflector of satellite-borne optical equipment, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, detecting the plane reflector and the lens base before potting: detecting the lens profile value, recorded as RMS, of a flat mirror0Detecting the flatness of the lens base;
s2, stress relief of the plane mirror: placing the plane reflector in a high-low temperature alternating test box for thermal cycle stress relief to obtain a stress-relieved plane reflector;
s3, sealing the plane mirror and the mirror base: weighing a certain amount of optical sealant, coating the optical sealant on the contact surface of a lens and a lens base of the plane mirror, flatly buckling the lens base on the back surface of the lens and removing the redundant optical sealant to obtain a plane mirror assembly;
s4, curing the optical sealant: placing the plane mirror assembly on a marble platform and curing for 24 hours at room temperature;
s5, potting: mixing the optical structure glue, performing low-speed centrifugal defoaming, and filling the optical structure glue into an inner cavity of a plane reflector assembly;
s6, curing the optical structure adhesive: curing the plane reflector component subjected to optical structure adhesive encapsulation at 25-45 ℃;
s7, retesting the shape value of the plane reflection mirror: fixing the cured optical structure glue with three-jaw chuck, and detecting lens surface shape value RMS of the plane mirror with interferometer1And inspecting the appearance of the bonding surface by using a microscope, and completing the encapsulation of the plane reflector.
In the lens filling and sealing method for the plane mirror of the satellite-borne optical device according to the present invention, as a preferred embodiment, in step S2, the thermal cycle has a thermal cycle mode: keeping the temperature at 80 ℃ for 2h, wherein the heating rate is more than or equal to 5 ℃/min: then cooling to 0 ℃ for 2h, wherein the cooling rate is more than or equal to 5 ℃/min;
the number of thermal cycles was 3.
According to the lens encapsulating method of the plane reflector of the satellite-borne optical equipment, as a preferable mode, in the step S3, the optical sealant is silicon rubber, and in the step S5, the optical structure adhesive is epoxy adhesive.
According to the lens encapsulating method of the plane reflector of the satellite-borne optical equipment, as a preferable mode, in step S5, epoxy glue is bi-component epoxy glue which comprises a component A and a component B, and when the bi-component epoxy glue is mixed, a 1mL syringe and a 10-100 mu L liquid-transferring gun are used for transferring the component B into a component A container.
According to the lens filling and sealing method of the plane reflector of the satellite-borne optical equipment, as a preferred mode, after all the component B is transferred into the component A container, a glass stirring rod is used for fully stirring clockwise for 5-8 minutes.
The invention relates to a lens encapsulating method of a plane reflector of satellite-borne optical equipment, which is a preferable mode, in step S5, 6 glue injection holes are arranged on a lens base, the glue injection holes are through holes, the plane reflector component and a platform are inclined by 15-30 degrees, and optical structure glue is sequentially injected into the glue injection holes by using a glue injection tool.
In the method for filling and sealing the lens of the plane reflector of the satellite-borne optical equipment, as a preferable mode, in step S5, the rotating speed of the low-speed centrifugal defoaming is 3000r/min, and the time is 3 min.
In the lens encapsulating method for the plane mirror of the satellite-borne optical equipment, as a preferable mode, in step S5, whether bubbles exist or not is observed inwards from the working surface of the plane optical lens on the encapsulated plane mirror by using a microscope, and if so, glue is re-injected after detachment.
According to the lens encapsulating method of the plane reflector of the satellite-borne optical equipment, as a preferred mode, in the step S6, the optimal curing condition of the optical structure adhesive is obtained through infrared curve analysis, the optimal curing temperature is 45 ℃, and the optimal curing time is 2 hours.
As a preferable mode, the steps S3-S7 are carried out in a ten-thousand-level clean room, the environmental temperature is kept at 20 +/-2 ℃, and the humidity is less than 40%.
The surface shape accuracy index of the plane reflector has great significance on the tracking and pointing performance and the communication performance of the satellite-borne optical equipment system. Currently, an effective bonding or filling and sealing mode is not available, and the surface shape precision of the plane reflector can be guaranteed while the plane reflector is fixed with a structural part of the plane reflector. The existing lens bonding method has many defects, such as the problems of the lens stress not eliminated, the use method of the sealant is not standard, the optical structure glue is not mixed uniformly, the optical structure glue has bubbles, the glue injection amount is not fixed, the curing process route of the optical structure glue is immature, and the like. The above problems all affect the surface shape value of the bare lens, the performance of the optical structure adhesive and the surface shape index of the bonded lens to a certain extent. The invention introduces a potting process of a plane reflector of satellite-borne optical equipment, the potting process successfully solves the bonding problem of the plane reflector by introducing a lens stress eliminating method, a exploration sealing method, tool selection, an optical structure adhesive potting method, curing process route selection and the like, a set of mature plane reflector potting process is determined, after the potting is finished, the complete appearance of the plane reflector and the qualified retest index of the surface shape value can be ensured, the light beam reflected by the reflector cannot generate wavefront distortion, and further the communication performance of a system is not influenced.
The invention has the following advantages:
(1) the invention provides a potting method of a plane reflector of satellite-borne optical equipment, which successfully solves the problem that the shape value of the plane reflector is not qualified after the plane reflector is bonded. The invention fully considers the factors of the plane reflector which possibly influence the surface shape value of the lens, such as stress elimination of the lens, sealing of the lens and a structural member, curing of the sealing adhesive, a glue filling method, selection of a curing route and the like, reduces the influence of the internal stress generated in the encapsulating process on the surface shape of the optical member, ensures that the surface shape value index of the plane reflector is qualified, does not generate the wavefront distortion of a light beam, further ensures that the aiming error and the tracking error are within the allowable range, and ensures the normal working performance of the satellite-borne optical equipment system.
(2) The invention provides the encapsulating process of the plane reflector of the satellite-borne optical equipment, determines the technological parameters of bonding and curing by taking a certain lens assembly as an example, provides a technological research idea of encapsulating process of the plane reflector assembly of the system, and has profound reference and guiding significance for the research of other similarly designed plane reflector bonding technology and encapsulating process flow.
(3) According to the invention, by optimizing the lens encapsulation process flow, the performance of the encapsulated plane reflector is improved, and the use requirements are met:
a) and (3) detecting stress relief of the bare lens: after the optical lens is subjected to thermal stress relief, the surface form value of the optical lens is detected through an interferometer, and the bare lens subjected to thermal stress relief still meets the drawing requirements.
b) And (3) appearance inspection after sealing: the appearance of the bonding surface of the plane reflector is observed from the working surface of the lens through a microscope with the magnification of more than 100 times, the surface of the gluing part of the sealant needs to be smooth and free of bubbles, the glue amount is uniform, and no redundant glue solution is outside the bonding surface.
c) And (3) detecting the shape value of the back of the seal: the surface shape value of the lens is detected by an interferometer after the lens is sealed, and the requirement of a drawing is still met after the lens is sealed.
d) And (3) detecting the glue pouring effect: and after glue pouring, observing inwards from the working surface of the optical lens, wherein no air bubble exists, and if the air bubble exists, pouring the glue again after disassembly.
e) And (3) selecting a structural adhesive curing process route: and determining the curing process route with the optimal curing degree of the optical structure adhesive through infrared curve analysis.
f) Detecting the shape value of the plane reflection mirror: after the interferometer detects that the lens passes through the full flow of the encapsulation process, the lens surface shape value is qualified, and the drawing requirements are met.
(4) The present invention introduces lens stress relief. In the original lens bonding process, the bonding operation is directly carried out after the lens and the structural member are inspected, and the original stress of the lens is not eliminated. In the method, the thermal cycle test is introduced to fully eliminate the stress of the lens, so that the surface form value of the bare lens is stable and reliable.
(5) The invention modifies the use method of the sealant. In the former glue applying process, the subsequent operation is carried out when the sealant is not completely cured, the sealing effect is not achieved, and displacement can be generated between the lens and the lens base. The method corrects the using method of the sealant, the sealant is cured for 24 hours at room temperature after being glued, and the subsequent glue filling operation is carried out after the complete curing is ensured.
(6) The invention improves the mixing method of the optical structure adhesive, so that A, B components of the bi-component epoxy adhesive are uniformly mixed. 1) The two-component optical structural adhesive is mixed in proportion. The optical structure glue selected is bi-component epoxy glue, when the component B is poured into the component A container for mixing, the situation of incomplete pouring due to the fact that liquid viscosity of the component B is high can exist, namely the component B is not completely poured out, the quality is insufficient, so that A, B component cannot be completely cured according to the proportion, the residual component A exists in the mixed optical structure glue, and finally the surface shape value of the lens after the bonding is finished is influenced. The method successfully pours the component B into the component A container one drop without leakage by introducing a micro-liquid transfer tool such as a 1mL syringe, a 10-100 mu L liquid transfer gun and the like, ensures that the optical structure glue is mixed according to the correct ratio of 1:1, and thus, the curing is complete without influencing the lens bonding effect because of the problem of unmixing uniformly. 2) The optical structure glue is ensured to be uniformly mixed. The selected optical structure adhesive is bi-component epoxy adhesive, when the component B is completely poured into the glass bottle of the component A, the A, B component can be uniformly mixed only by fully stirring the mixed optical adhesive (more than 5 min). According to the method, the glass stirring rod is introduced, the mixed optical structure adhesive is fully stirred clockwise for 5-8 minutes, the A, B components are uniformly mixed, and then the full reaction and the complete curing are realized.
(7) The invention carries out defoaming treatment on the optical structure adhesive. A. Air bubbles are easily introduced in the mixing process of the component B, the mixed air bubbles can cause optical colloid quantity defects, the mechanical property and the bonding strength are reduced, and the surface shape value of the bonded optical lens is finally influenced. The method has the advantages that the low-speed centrifuge is introduced, the mixed optical structure glue is defoamed in a low-speed centrifugation mode, and no bubble is generated in the mixed optical glue, so that the stable performance of a glue layer of a bonding surface is ensured, and the bonding effect is not influenced by the bubble problem.
(8) The invention introduces a correct cavity encapsulation method to ensure that the glue injection amount is fixed. In order to ensure the bonding consistency and the process stability of the optical lens, the glue injection amount is a fixed value, the glue injection method is to sequentially inject glue from 6 glue injection holes on the back of the structural member by using a toothpick, the glue injection amount is not a fixed value, and the process method is not cured, so that the reliability of the bonding process is not facilitated. The method adopts a correct sealing and inner cavity encapsulating method, so that the glue injection process is standardized, the glue injection amount is ensured to be certain, no air bubbles are introduced in the glue injection process, and the glue injection effect is stable.
(9) The invention provides a definite curing process route. The curing of the optical cement is a very critical process in the bonding process of the optical lens, and the curing process of the optical cement is reasonable and correct, so that the internal stress of the cement can be released as far as possible, and the influence on the surface shape of the optical lens is reduced. The curing process cannot ensure complete curing of the optical cement because the curing process route of the optical cement is explored, the optimal curing process route of the optical structure cement is selected, and the optimal surface form value of the obtained lens is ensured after the optical cement is cured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of an embodiment 1 of a method for filling and sealing a lens of a plane mirror of a satellite-borne optical device;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of an embodiment 2-3 of a method for filling and sealing a lens of a plane reflector of a satellite-borne optical device;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a lens potting method for a plane mirror of a satellite-borne optical device, in example 2, a fixed mirror is shown;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a lens potting method for a plane mirror of a satellite-borne optical device, in accordance with embodiment 2, a fixed mirror bracket;
fig. 5a is a schematic view a of glue filling in a lens filling method of a plane mirror of a satellite-borne optical device according to embodiment 2;
fig. 5b is a schematic diagram b after completion of potting in embodiment 2 of a method for potting a lens of a plane mirror of a satellite-borne optical device;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a mirror fitting method of a plane mirror of a satellite-borne optical device according to embodiment 3;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a pendulum base in embodiment 3 of a method for potting a lens of a plane mirror of a satellite-borne optical device;
fig. 8a is a schematic view a of glue filling in embodiment 3 of a lens filling method for a plane mirror of a satellite-borne optical device;
fig. 8b is a schematic diagram b after completion of potting in embodiment 3 of a method for potting a lens of a plane mirror of a satellite-borne optical device;
FIG. 9a is a diagram of the front profile value detection of the No. 1 lens seal of embodiment 2 of the lens encapsulation method of the plane reflector of the satellite-borne optical equipment;
FIG. 9b is a diagram of the front profile inspection of the No. 2 lens seal of embodiment 2 of the lens encapsulation method for the plane mirror of the satellite-borne optical device;
FIG. 9c is a diagram of the front profile inspection of the 3# lens seal of embodiment 2 of the lens encapsulation method for the plane mirror of the satellite optical device;
FIG. 9d is a diagram of the front profile inspection of the 4# lens seal of embodiment 3 for the lens encapsulation method of the plane mirror of the satellite optical device;
fig. 9e is a diagram of a front profile inspection of a 5# lens seal of embodiment 3 of a lens potting method for a plane mirror of a satellite optical device;
FIG. 9f is a diagram of the front profile inspection of the No. 6 lens seal of embodiment 2 of the lens encapsulation method for the plane mirror of the satellite-borne optical device;
FIG. 9g is a diagram of the inspection of the shape value of the rear surface of the No. 1 lens seal in the embodiment 2 of the lens encapsulating method for the plane mirror of the satellite-borne optical equipment;
fig. 9h is a diagram for detecting the shape value of the rear surface of the 2# lens seal in embodiment 2 of the lens encapsulating method for the plane mirror of the satellite-borne optical equipment;
FIG. 9i is a diagram of the inspection of the back profile of the No. 3 lens seal of the embodiment 2 of the lens encapsulation method of the plane reflector of the satellite-borne optical equipment;
fig. 9j is a diagram of a shape value detection of the rear surface of a 4# lens seal of embodiment 3 of the lens encapsulating method for a plane mirror of a satellite-borne optical device;
FIG. 9k is a diagram of the inspection of the shape of the rear face of the No. 5 lens seal of embodiment 3 of the lens encapsulation method of the plane mirror of the satellite-borne optical device;
fig. 9l is a diagram of the inspection of the back profile of the 6# lens seal of embodiment 3 of the lens potting method for the plane mirror of the satellite optical equipment.
FIG. 10a is an infrared graph of different curing routes of a lens potting method for a plane mirror of a satellite-borne optical device;
FIG. 10b is a partial enlarged view of infrared curves of different curing routes of a lens potting method for a plane mirror of a satellite-borne optical device;
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a method for potting a lens of a plane mirror of a satellite-borne optical device includes the following steps:
s1, detecting the plane reflector and the lens base before potting: detecting the lens profile value, recorded as RMS, of a flat mirror0Detecting the flatness of the lens base;
s2, stress relief of the plane mirror: placing the plane reflector in a high-low temperature alternating test box for thermal cycle stress relief to obtain a stress-relieved plane reflector;
the temperature cycle mode of the thermal cycle is as follows: keeping the temperature at 80 ℃ for 2h, wherein the heating rate is more than or equal to 5 ℃/min: then cooling to 0 ℃ for 2h, wherein the cooling rate is more than or equal to 5 ℃/min;
the number of thermal cycles was 3;
s3, sealing the plane mirror and the mirror base: weighing a certain amount of optical sealant, coating the optical sealant on the contact surface of a lens and a lens base of the plane mirror, flatly buckling the lens base on the back surface of the lens and removing the redundant optical sealant to obtain a plane mirror assembly, wherein the optical sealant is silicon rubber;
s4, curing the optical sealant: placing the plane mirror assembly on a marble platform and curing for 24 hours at room temperature;
s5, potting: mixing the optical structure glue, performing low-speed centrifugal defoaming, and filling the mixture into an inner cavity of a plane mirror assembly, wherein the optical structure glue is epoxy glue;
the epoxy glue is a bi-component epoxy glue, the bi-component epoxy glue comprises a component A and a component B, and when the bi-component epoxy glue is mixed, the component B is completely transferred into a component A container by using a 1mL syringe and a 10-100 mu L pipette;
after all the component B is transferred into the component A container, a glass stirring rod is used for fully stirring clockwise for 5-8 minutes;
the mirror base is provided with 6 glue injection holes which are through holes, the plane mirror assembly and the platform are inclined by 15-30 degrees, and an injection tool is used for sequentially injecting optical structure glue into the glue injection holes;
the rotating speed of the low-speed centrifugal defoaming is 3000r/min, and the time is 3 min;
and (4) observing whether bubbles exist from the working surface of the plane reflector inwards by using a microscope for the encapsulated plane reflector, and if so, re-encapsulating after detachment.
S6, curing the optical structure adhesive: curing the plane reflector and the mirror base which are encapsulated by the optical structure adhesive at 25-45 ℃; the optimal curing condition of the optical structure adhesive is obtained by infrared curve analysis, the optimal curing temperature is 45 ℃, and the optimal curing time is 2 hours;
s7, retesting the shape value of the plane reflection mirror: gluing the optical structureThe processed plane mirror is fixed by a three-jaw chuck, and the lens surface shape value RMS of the plane mirror is detected by an interferometer1Inspecting the appearance of the bonding surface by using a microscope, and completing encapsulation of the plane reflector;
steps S3-S7 were performed in a ten thousand class clean room with ambient temperature maintained at 20 ℃. + -. 2 ℃ and humidity less than 40%.
Example 2:
as shown in FIG. 2, in the lens encapsulating method of the plane reflector of the satellite-borne optical equipment, the number of test pieces is 3, and the test pieces are numbered from 01# to 03 #.
First, basic conditions
(1) Plane reflector
In the embodiment, 2 plane reflectors of a fixed reflector and a swing mirror are designed. The structure of the fixed mirror is shown in figure 3, wherein the fixed mirror is coated with a dielectric film, the reflectivity is more than or equal to 99.5 percent, the surface shape RMS value is better than lambda/40, and the surface roughness RMS of the reflecting surface is better than 1 nm.
(2) Fixed mirror support
The fixed reflector has a corresponding fixed mirror bracket as a mirror base. The structure is shown in figure 4. Wherein, the flatness is better than 0.015, the appearance is integrally processed well, and the phenomena of scratch and corner collapse are avoided.
(3) Optical adhesive
The encapsulating process flow mainly relates to two parts, namely an optical sealant sealing and curing process and an optical structure adhesive encapsulating and curing process. Relates to two types of adhesives, namely optical sealant (silicon rubber) and optical structure adhesive (epoxy adhesive).
(4) Production and detection tool and equipment
Preparing a production environment: the process of filling and sealing the fixed lens is carried out in a ten thousand grade clean room, the environmental temperature is kept at 20 +/-2 ℃, and the humidity is less than 40%.
Tool requirements: 50mL special glue injection tool (beautiful slit bottle), lens wiping paper, a glass stirring rod, a 1mL syringe and a 10-100 mu L liquid transfer gun.
Equipment requirements: precision balance (precision 0.1mg), marble platform, low-speed centrifuge, vacuum drying oven, interferometer.
Step two, process implementation step
Step (1), preparation of production
a. Preparing personnel: the personnel stay on duty; before entering a working environment, carrying out anti-static treatment, wearing rubber, a mask, an anti-static wrist strap and the like in the whole working process, and strictly preventing a naked hand from touching a precise optical component; the working surface of the lens is not touched by naked hands in the whole process of detection and encapsulation of the fixed lens, and the surface of the optical lens is not aerated or speeched.
b. Fixed mirror and fixed mirror support: and (4) carrying out 100% inspection on the machining quality of the fixed mirror and the fixed mirror bracket according to the requirement of a design drawing. Visual inspection of the fixed mirror, the fixed mirror bracket and other test pieces has no damage, cracks and deformation on the appearance, no oil stain, dust and the like on the surface of the optical lens and no excess.
c. And inspecting the specification and the model of the optical sealant and the optical adhesive structure adhesive, and inspecting the production date of the optical sealant and the optical adhesive structure adhesive, wherein the specifications and the models of the optical sealant and the optical adhesive structure adhesive are required to be within the validity period.
d. Tools and apparatus: 50mL special glue injection tool (beautiful slit bottle), lens cleaning paper, a glass stirring rod, a 1mL syringe, a 10-100 mu L liquid transfer gun and equipment requirements: precision balance (precision 0.1mg), marble platform, low-speed centrifuge, vacuum drying oven, interferometer. And (4) checking the conditions of the tool and the equipment, wherein the tool is in good condition and can be normally used, and all the equipment is within the verification validity period.
e. The production environment is as follows: the process of filling and sealing the fixed lens is carried out in a ten thousand grade clean room, the environmental temperature is kept at 20 +/-2 ℃, and the humidity is less than 40%.
f. Protection: the cuffs and the neckline of the anti-static clothes and the inner surface of the anti-static wrist strap are ensured to be tightly attached to the skin of a human body; the encapsulation process of the fixed mirror is required to be carried out on an electrostatic safety workbench; paper data such as drawings, documents and the like are required to be more than 30cm away from the product.
Step (2), index detection of the fixed mirror and the structural part
And (3) detecting the RMS value of the surface shape of the fixed mirror: fixing the fixing mirror with three-jaw chuck, measuring the surface shape value of the lens with interferometer, numbering the lens, and recording the surface shape value as RMS0。
The method for detecting the indexes of the structural part comprises the following steps: the flatness of the fixed mirror bracket is detected, the machining size meets the requirements of design drawings, and the whole appearance is good to machine.
Step (3) stress relief of the lens of the fixed mirror
And (3) placing the bare lens of the fixed lens in a high-low temperature alternating test box to perform a thermal cycle test so as to stabilize the face shape value of the bare lens. The thermal cycling test conditions were as follows:
a) temperature cycle mode: high temperature first and low temperature second
High temperature: 80 ℃; high temperature holding time: 2 h;
low temperature: 0 ℃; low-temperature retention time: 2h
b) The heating rate is as follows: more than or equal to 5 ℃/min; cooling rate: more than or equal to 5 ℃/min;
c) cycle number: 3
Step (4), sealing the fixed mirror and the fixed mirror bracket thereof
a. Weighing 3g of optical sealant, transferring the optical sealant to a special glue injection tool, and cutting the caliber of a glue outlet of the special glue injection tool to be 1-1.5 mm;
b. the back (non-working) of the fixed mirror is placed upwards, and is carefully cleaned by using an optical grade cotton swab to ensure that no excess is left on the back of the reflecting mirror; the optical sealant is slowly coated on the combination position of the back surface of the fixed mirror and the fixed mirror bracket by a special glue injection tool, the glue coating amount is 50mg, and the optical sealant is uniformly coated on the contact surface of the fixed mirror and the fixed mirror bracket for a circle.
c. Placing the fixed mirror bracket with a plane combined with the reflector facing downwards, lifting the fixed mirror bracket above the combined position of the fixed mirror and the fixed mirror bracket by two hands, and stably buckling the fixed mirror bracket on the back of the lens after confirming that the combined position is correct;
d. and after the fixed mirror and the fixed mirror bracket are confirmed to be perfectly combined, the redundant glue solution extruded out of the contact surface is immediately cleaned by optical lens wiping paper.
Step (5), curing the optical sealing glue
And (3) placing the sealed fixed mirror and the fixed mirror bracket (hereinafter referred to as a lens assembly) on a marble platform, and curing for 24 hours at room temperature.
Step (6), encapsulating the inner cavity by using optical structure adhesive
a. Mixing the optical structure glue: transferring the component B of the optical structure adhesive (epoxy adhesive) into a component A glass bottle in sequence by using a 1mL syringe and a 10-100 mu L liquid-transferring gun one drop without leakage, and fully stirring the mixed epoxy adhesive clockwise by using a glass stirring rod for 5-8 min to uniformly mix the epoxy adhesive;
b. defoaming the optical structure glue: and (4) placing the glass bottle containing the mixed epoxy glue into a low-speed centrifuge, and working at the rotating speed of 3000r/min for 3min to complete defoaming.
c. Encapsulating the inner cavity with the optical structure adhesive: and placing the sealed plane mirror assembly on the platform according to the condition that the lens faces downwards and the structural member faces upwards. The plane reflector assembly and the platform are inclined by 15-30 degrees, glue pouring is carried out from the hole No. 1 by using a special glue pouring tool until the optical glue is seen to be submerged below the hole No. 2 from the working surface of the lens, the glue can be poured from the hole No. 1 and the hole No. 2 together until the hole No. 1-6 is filled, and the glue does not flow to the surface of a structural member. Because the glue solution is slow in permeation, after 6 hole sites are filled visually, the glue solution needs to be supplemented into the hole sites every 10min within the first 30min, which is detailed in figure 5a, and the state after glue filling is detailed in figure 5 b.
d. Detecting the qualified standard of glue pouring: and after glue pouring, observing inwards from the working surface of the optical lens to determine whether bubbles exist, and if so, pouring the glue again after disassembly.
Step (7), curing the optical structure adhesive
Curing the epoxy glue on the lens component according to the following curing process route, and selecting the curing process route with the best curing degree through an infrared curve chart:
the curing method 1: 30 ℃/5 h;
and (3) a curing method 2: 45 ℃/2 h;
and (3) a curing method: curing at room temperature for 8 h;
step (8), retest of fixed mirror surface shape value
Fixing the encapsulated lens assembly with a three-jaw chuck, measuring the surface shape value of the lens with an interferometer, and recording the surface shape value after encapsulation as RMS1And the surface shape value RMS of its bare lens0And comparing to confirm that the design index is met.
Example 3
As shown in FIG. 2, in the lens encapsulating method of the plane reflector of the satellite-borne optical equipment, the number of test pieces is 3, and the test pieces are numbered 04-06 #.
First, basic conditions
(1) Swing mirror
The structure of the oscillating mirror is shown in figure 6, wherein the oscillating mirror is coated with a dielectric film, the reflectivity is more than or equal to 99.5 percent, the surface shape RMS value is better than lambda/40, and the surface roughness RMS of the reflecting surface is better than 1 nm.
(2) Base of swing mirror
The swing mirror is provided with a corresponding swing mirror base as a mirror base. The structure is shown in figure 7. Wherein, the flatness is better than 0.015, the appearance is integrally processed well, and the phenomena of scratch and corner collapse are avoided.
(3) Optical adhesive
The encapsulating process flow mainly relates to two parts, namely an optical sealant sealing and curing process and an optical structure adhesive encapsulating and curing process. Relates to two types of adhesives, namely optical sealant (silicon rubber) and optical structure adhesive (epoxy adhesive).
(4) Production and detection tool and equipment
Preparing a production environment: the process of filling and sealing the swing mirror is carried out in a ten thousand grade clean room, the environmental temperature is kept at 20 +/-2 ℃, and the humidity is less than 40%.
Tool requirements: 50mL special glue injection tool (beautiful slit bottle), lens wiping paper, a glass stirring rod, a 1mL syringe and a 10-100 mu L liquid transfer gun.
Equipment requirements: precision balance (precision 0.1mg), marble platform, low-speed centrifuge, vacuum drying oven, interferometer.
Step two, process implementation step
Step (1), preparation of production
g. Preparing personnel: the personnel stay on duty; before entering a working environment, carrying out anti-static treatment, wearing rubber, a mask, an anti-static wrist strap and the like in the whole working process, and strictly preventing a naked hand from touching a precise optical component; the working surface of the optical lens is not touched by naked hands in the whole process of swing mirror detection and encapsulation, and the surface of the optical lens is not aerated or speeched.
h. Pendulum mirror and pendulum mirror base: and (4) carrying out 100% inspection on the machining quality of the oscillating mirror and the oscillating mirror base according to the requirement of a design drawing. Visual inspection of the appearance of test pieces such as the swing mirror, the swing mirror base and the like has no damage, cracks and deformation, and the surface of the optical lens has no oil stain, dust and the like and has no excess.
i. And inspecting the specification and the model of the optical sealant and the optical structure adhesive, and inspecting the production date of the optical sealant and the optical structure adhesive, wherein the specifications and the models of the optical sealant and the optical structure adhesive are within the validity period.
j. Tool and equipment preparation: tool requirements: 50mL special glue injection tool, lens wiping paper, a glass stirring rod, a 1mL injector, a 10-100 mu L liquid transfer gun and equipment requirements: precision balance (precision 0.1mg), marble platform, low-speed centrifuge, vacuum drying oven, interferometer. And (4) checking the conditions of the tool and the equipment, wherein the tool is in good condition and can be normally used, and all the equipment is within the verification validity period.
k. Preparing a production environment: the process of filling and sealing the swing mirror is carried out in a ten thousand grade clean room, the environmental temperature is kept at 20 +/-2 ℃, and the humidity is less than 40%.
Protection preparation: the cuffs and the neckline of the anti-static clothes and the inner surface of the anti-static wrist strap are ensured to be tightly attached to the skin of a human body; the encapsulating process of the swing mirror is required to be carried out on an electrostatic safety workbench; paper data such as drawings, documents and the like are required to be more than 30cm away from the product.
Step (2), detecting indexes of swing mirror and structural part
And (3) detecting the RMS value of the surface shape of the oscillating mirror: fixing the swing mirror with three-jaw chuck, measuring the surface shape value of the lens with interferometer, numbering the lens, and recording the surface shape value as RMS0；
The method for detecting the indexes of the structural part comprises the following steps: the flatness and the machining size of the swing mirror base are detected to meet the requirements of design drawings, and the whole appearance is good to machine.
Step (3) stress relief of the oscillating mirror lens
And (3) placing the swing mirror bare lens in a high-low temperature alternating test box to perform a thermal cycle test so as to stabilize the face shape value of the bare lens. The thermal cycling test conditions were as follows:
d) temperature cycle mode: high temperature first and low temperature second
High temperature: 80 ℃; high temperature holding time: 2 h;
low temperature: 0 ℃; low-temperature retention time: 2h
e) The heating rate is as follows: more than or equal to 5 ℃/min; cooling rate: more than or equal to 5 ℃/min;
f) cycle number: 3
Step (4), sealing the swing mirror and the swing mirror base thereof
a. Weighing 3g of optical sealant, transferring the optical sealant to a special glue injection tool, and cutting the caliber of a glue outlet of the special glue injection tool to be 1-1.5 mm;
b. placing the back (non-working surface) of the oscillating mirror upwards, and carefully cleaning by using an optical grade cotton swab to ensure that no excess is left on the back of the reflecting mirror; and (3) slowly coating the optical sealant on the combination position of the back surface of the swing mirror and the swing mirror base by using a special glue injection tool, wherein the glue coating amount is 40mg, and the optical sealant is uniformly coated on the contact surface of the swing mirror and the swing mirror base for one circle.
c. Placing the swing mirror base with a plane combined with the reflecting mirror facing downwards, lifting the swing mirror base above a combination position of the swing mirror and the swing mirror base by two hands, and stably buckling the swing mirror base on the back of the lens after confirming that the combination position is correct;
d. and after the perfect combination of the swing mirror and the swing mirror base is confirmed, the redundant glue solution extruded out of the contact surface is immediately cleaned by optical lens wiping paper.
Step (5), curing the optical sealing glue
And (3) placing the sealed swing mirror and a swing mirror base (hereinafter referred to as a lens assembly) on a marble platform, and curing for 24 hours at room temperature.
Step (6), encapsulating the inner cavity by using optical structure adhesive
a. Mixing the optical structure glue: transferring the component B of the optical structure adhesive (epoxy adhesive) into a component A glass bottle in sequence by using a 1mL syringe and a 10-100 mu L liquid-transferring gun one drop without leakage, and fully stirring the mixed epoxy adhesive clockwise by using a glass stirring rod for 5-8 min to uniformly mix the epoxy adhesive;
b. defoaming the optical structure glue: and (4) placing the glass bottle containing the mixed epoxy glue into a low-speed centrifuge, and working at the rotating speed of 3000r/min for 3min to complete defoaming.
c. Encapsulating the inner cavity with the optical structure adhesive: and placing the sealed plane mirror assembly on the platform according to the condition that the lens faces downwards and the structural member faces upwards. The plane mirror assembly and the platform are inclined by 15-30 degrees, glue is filled from the hole No. 1 by using a glue filling bottle until the optical glue is seen to be over the position below the hole No. 2 from the working surface of the mirror, the glue can be filled from the hole No. 1 and the hole No. 2 together until the hole No. 1-4 is filled, and the glue does not flow to the surface of the structural member. Because the glue solution is slow in permeation, after 4 holes are filled visually, the glue solution needs to be supplemented into the holes every 10min within the first 30min, as shown in fig. 8a, and the state after glue filling is shown in fig. 8 b.
d. Detecting the qualified standard of glue pouring: and after glue pouring, observing inwards from the working surface of the optical lens to determine whether bubbles exist, and if so, pouring the glue again after disassembly.
Step (7), curing the optical structure adhesive
Curing the epoxy glue on the lens component according to the following curing process route, and selecting the curing process route with the best curing degree through an infrared curve chart:
the curing method 1: 30 ℃/5 h;
and (3) a curing method 2: 45 ℃/2 h;
and (3) a curing method: curing at room temperature for 8 h;
as can be seen from fig. 10a and 10b, the optimal curing process route is curing method 2: 45 ℃/2 h;
step (8), retesting the shape value of the swing mirror surface
Fixing the encapsulated lens assembly with a three-jaw chuck, measuring the surface shape value of the lens with an interferometer, and recording the surface shape value after encapsulation as RMS1And the surface shape value RMS of its bare lens0And comparing to confirm that the design index is met.
Examples 1 to 3 show that: dispensing tool selection
The selection of the glue dispensing tool directly influences the sealing and glue filling effects of the adhesive, the subject group members are respectively used for glue dispensing by using glue dispensing tools such as a 100 mu L liquid transferring gun, a 0.3-0.55 mm glue dispensing needle, a 1mL syringe, a 2mL syringe, a 5mL syringe, a hand-extrusion special glue injection tool and the like before glue filling, and finally the hand-extrusion special glue injection tool is selected for the sealing and glue filling processes according to the glue dispensing effect.
1) Influence of sealant on lens surface shape value
As can be seen from the comparison of the surface shape values before and after the sealing of the plane mirrors in fig. 9a to 9l and table 1, after the sealing adhesive seals the lens assembly, the surface shape values of 6 lenses can be maintained at about 0.020 λ, which indicates that the influence of the optical sealing adhesive on the surface shape values of the lenses is basically negligible in the bonding and curing process of the optical lenses, and the influence of the optical structure adhesive on the surface shape values of the lenses should be focused later.
2) Optical structure adhesive curing process route selection
We normalized the infrared curve based on the methylene peak (-CH2-) at 2930 cm-1. As can be seen from FIGS. 10a-10b, the black curve is the infrared curve of the epoxy adhesive before curing, and the curing processes 1, 2, and 3 are 30 deg.C/5 h, 45 deg.C/2 h, and 8h at room temperature, respectively. Wherein the peak at 3397cm-1 corresponds to the hydroxyl peak (-OH) generated by curing the polyether amine, the peak at 2247cm-1 is CN triple bond, the epoxy peak before curing is at 913cm-1, and the peak after curing is shifted to 938 cm-1. In comparison to cure routes 1, 2, and 3, the peak of the epoxy functionality was 938cm-1, but at 970cm-1 both cure routes 1 and 3 had shoulder peaks, and cure route 2 was smoother, i.e., the best cure was achieved when cure method 2 (i.e., 45℃) was used.
3) Glue filling effect detection
According to table 1, the surface shape value data of 6 lenses are analyzed, and it can be found that the surface shape values of the lenses 1# to 6# are all within 0.05 lambda, namely, after the whole process of the encapsulation process is finished, good surface shape value indexes can be ensured. And the surface shape value of the lens is detected again after 2 weeks and 4 weeks, and the surface shape value of the lens is not changed within 1 month, which shows that the encapsulation process can effectively ensure that the surface shape precision of the plane reflector is qualified, and the encapsulation process is successful, effective, correct and reliable.
4) Encapsulation process flow diagram
According to the work, the process flow of the whole process from sealing, glue filling to optical glue curing, surface shape value detection and the like of the plane reflector can be obtained, and the process flow can be used for guiding the subsequent actual production and assembly and is shown in detail in figure 2.
TABLE 1
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A lens encapsulating method of a plane reflector of satellite-borne optical equipment is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, detecting the plane reflector and the lens base before potting: detecting the lens profile value, recorded as RMS, of a flat mirror0Detecting the flatness of the lens base;
s2, stress relief of the plane mirror: placing the plane reflector in a high-low temperature alternating test box for thermal cycle stress relief to obtain the plane reflector after stress relief;
s3, sealing the plane mirror and the mirror base: weighing a certain amount of optical sealant, coating the optical sealant on the contact surface of the lens of the plane mirror and the mirror base, flatly buckling the mirror base on the back surface of the lens and removing the redundant optical sealant to obtain a plane mirror assembly;
s4, curing the optical sealant: placing the plane mirror assembly on a marble platform and curing for 24 hours at room temperature;
s5, potting: mixing the optical structure glue, then carrying out low-speed centrifugal defoaming, and then encapsulating the optical structure glue into an inner cavity of the plane reflector assembly;
s6, curing the optical structure adhesive: curing the plane reflector component subjected to optical structure adhesive encapsulation at 25-45 ℃;
s7, retesting the shape value of the plane reflection mirror: fixing the plane mirror with cured optical structure glue by using a three-jaw chuck, and detecting the lens surface shape value RMS of the plane mirror by using an interferometer1And inspecting the appearance of the bonding surface by using a microscope, and completing the encapsulation of the plane reflector.
2. The method for encapsulating the lens of the plane reflector of the satellite-borne optical equipment according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step S2, the temperature cycle mode of the thermal cycle is: keeping the temperature at 80 ℃ for 2h, wherein the heating rate is more than or equal to 5 ℃/min: then cooling to 0 ℃ for 2h, wherein the cooling rate is more than or equal to 5 ℃/min;
the number of thermal cycles was 3.
3. The method for encapsulating the lens of the plane reflector of the satellite-borne optical equipment according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step S3, the optical sealant is silicone rubber, and the optical structure adhesive in step S5 is epoxy adhesive.
4. The method for encapsulating the lens of the plane reflector of the satellite-borne optical equipment according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step S5, the epoxy glue is a bi-component epoxy glue, the bi-component epoxy glue comprises a component A and a component B, and when the bi-component epoxy glue is mixed, the component B is completely transferred into a component A container by using a 1mL syringe and a 10-100 muL pipetting gun.
5. The method for potting the lens of the plane reflector of the satellite-borne optical equipment according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (4) fully stirring the components B clockwise for 5-8 minutes by using a glass stirring rod after all the components B are transferred into the component A container.
6. The method for encapsulating the lens of the plane reflector of the satellite-borne optical equipment according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step S5, the mirror base is provided with 6 glue injection holes, the glue injection holes are through holes, the plane mirror assembly and the platform are inclined by 15 to 30 degrees, and the optical structure glue is sequentially injected into the glue injection holes by using a glue injection tool.
7. The method for encapsulating the lens of the plane reflector of the satellite-borne optical equipment according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step S5, the rotation speed of the low-speed centrifugal defoaming is 3000r/min, and the time is 3 min.
8. The method for encapsulating the lens of the plane reflector of the satellite-borne optical equipment according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step S5, the filled planar mirror is observed from the working surface of the planar optical lens by using a microscope to see whether there is any bubble, and if so, the planar optical lens is removed and then glue is filled again.
9. The method for encapsulating the lens of the plane reflector of the satellite-borne optical equipment according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step S6, the optimal curing condition of the optical structure adhesive is obtained by infrared curve analysis, the optimal curing temperature is 45 ℃, and the optimal curing time is 2 hours.
10. The method for encapsulating the lens of the plane reflector of the satellite-borne optical equipment according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: steps S3-S7 were performed in a ten thousand class clean room with ambient temperature maintained at 20 ℃. + -. 2 ℃ and humidity less than 40%.
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