CN114114097A - Magnetofluid-filled fiber stress and magnetic field sensor - Google Patents
Magnetofluid-filled fiber stress and magnetic field sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN114114097A CN114114097A CN202111445335.0A CN202111445335A CN114114097A CN 114114097 A CN114114097 A CN 114114097A CN 202111445335 A CN202111445335 A CN 202111445335A CN 114114097 A CN114114097 A CN 114114097A
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims description 19
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000011553 magnetic fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013870 dimethyl polysiloxane Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- CXQXSVUQTKDNFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N octamethyltrisiloxane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)C CXQXSVUQTKDNFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004987 plasma desorption mass spectroscopy Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910020674 Co—B Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009662 stress testing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 206010063385 Intellectualisation Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/02—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
- G01R33/032—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux using magneto-optic devices, e.g. Faraday or Cotton-Mouton effect
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Abstract
The invention provides a magnetic fluid filled optical fiber stress and magnetic field sensor, which comprises an ASE light source (1), a circulator (2), a multi-parameter measuring system (3), a spectrum analyzer (4), a demodulation module (5) and a computer (6). The invention combines the Fabry-Perot cavity and the FBG sensing principle, carries out sensing through the Fabry-Perot cavity cascade FBG filled with the magnetic fluid, leads light beams generated by an ASE light source to generate interference spectrum in the FBG, realizes the measurement of stress through the detection of the wavelength of a reflection spectrum, detects the change of a magnetic field through a reflection peak generated by the FBG, and carries out demodulation through a demodulation module, thereby realizing the processing on a computer and achieving the aims of digitalization and intellectualization. The invention realizes double-parameter detection, small cross sensitivity, high measurement precision and small sensor volume, can be output on a computer, and realizes the purpose of simultaneously and real-time monitoring stress and a magnetic field.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of optical fiber sensing, and particularly relates to an optical fiber stress and magnetic field sensor filled with magnetic fluid.
Background
The optical fiber sensor is a novel sensor and has the characteristics of high sensitivity, high long-term reliability, high signal-to-noise ratio, small size and the like. Nowadays, the development speed of optical fiber sensors is extremely rapid, and with the improvement of the requirements of the fields of petrochemical industry, aviation and the like on the sensors, common Bragg grating sensors do not meet the requirements, and the optical fiber Fabry-Perot cavity sensor has the superior characteristics of enduring severe environment and the like, so that an effective means is provided for the fields. Therefore, the optical fiber composite structure based on the Fabry-Perot cavity and the FBG is designed, the multi-parameter measuring sensor capable of monitoring the stress and the magnetic field is capable of having the following advantages: the device has the advantages of high-precision measurement, capability of detecting micro stress, high reliability, wide measurement range, small operation difficulty, temperature interference resistance, high stability, severe environment tolerance and multi-parameter measurement realization.
The fiber stress and magnetic field sensor filled with the magnetic fluid is characterized in that a sensing unit adopts a Fabry-Perot cavity, a single-mode fiber and an FBG (fiber Bragg Grating) which are cascaded to form a composite structure, wherein a diaphragm is attached to one end of the Fabry-Perot cavity, the magnetic fluid is filled in the Fabry-Perot cavity, the FBG grid distance and the length of the Fabry-Perot cavity are changed due to stress change, the wavelength of interference waves is changed, and stress measurement is realized; and the magnetic field change influences the magnetic fluid arrangement, so that the diaphragm is elastically deformed, the cavity length of the Fabry-Perot cavity is further changed, the interference light spectrum is drifted, and the magnetic field measurement is realized. At present, a sensor which adopts an FBG, a Fabry-Perot cavity or a Fabry-Perot cavity and an FBG cascade structure to carry out double-parameter measurement can realize multi-parameter monitoring of magnetic field, strain, temperature, stress, pressure, displacement and the like. For example: in 2020, Zhao et al (Zhao Yuxin. research [ D ] on the basis of magnetic field sensor with magnetic fluid filled optical fiber microcavity. Harbin university of Physician, 2020.) conducted on single-mode optical fiber dislocation fusion to form a Fabry-Perot cavity, and filled with magnetic fluid, wherein the refractive index of the magnetic fluid changes along with the change of magnetic field, thereby influencing reflection spectrum and realizing monitoring of magnetic field, but the dislocation fusion structure of the sensing unit is not easy to operate, and although the wide detection range of the magnetic field is realized, the structure is complex, and only single-parameter measurement is realized; in 2021, Chen et al (Chengshan, Li political affairs, Sun Jing, Wenzhigao. EFPI-FBG composite fiber sensor high temperature large strain test research [ J/OL ] thermal energy power engineering, 2021(10): 179) 186[2021-11-13 ]) proposed a sensor based on extrinsic type Fabry-Perot cavity and fiber Bragg grating, which realizes the monitoring of large strain at high temperature, but the FP cavity length of the structure is difficult to control, and the structure is fragile; in 2021, wei et al (wei zhiyu, fabry-perot interference type optical fiber microcavity pressure sensor [ D ]. heilongjiang university, 2021.) prepared PDMS film inside HCF by capillary phenomenon, then fused SMF with HCF, realized temperature and pressure sensing by the high elasticity of PDMS, but its reverse dipping in excess PDMS liquid step was not easy to operate, and the thickness was difficult to control, and the material was short in life, and could not be used repeatedly for a long period of time.
Disclosure of Invention
At present, researchers have realized the measurement of parameters such as stress, magnetism, strain and the like by adopting a Fabry-Perot cavity or a Fabry-Perot cavity cascade structure, but the reasons that the cascade structure is complex in single parameter measurement structure, cannot realize double-parameter measurement at the same time, or the measurement structure is complex in realization and the like exist; the invention provides the optical fiber stress and magnetic field sensor filled with the magnetic fluid, which can measure with high precision, detect micro stress, has high reliability and sensitivity, can realize double-parameter measurement, has simple manufacturing method, low manufacturing cost and high utilization rate by combining the advantages and the disadvantages of the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the technical scheme is as follows: the optical fiber stress and magnetic field sensor filled with the magnetic fluid is characterized by comprising an ASE light source (1), a circulator (2), a multi-parameter measuring system (3), a spectrum analyzer (4), a demodulation module (5) and a computer (6);
the multi-parameter measurement system (3) comprises a magnet A (3-1), a magnet moving device (3-2), a stress test platform (3-3), a magnet B (3-4) and a sensing unit (3-5), wherein:
the sensing unit (3-5) is adhered to the stress test platform (3-3), the stress test platform (3-3) is fixed in the middle of the magnet moving device (3-2), in addition, a magnet A (3-1) with an N-pole magnetic field is installed at the upper end of the magnet moving device (3-2), and similarly, a magnet B (3-4) with an S-pole magnetic field is installed at the lower end of the magnet moving device (3-2);
a Fabry-Perot cavity (3-5-2), a single-mode fiber (3-5-3) and an FBG (3-5-4) in a sensing unit (3-5) are cascaded to form an optical fiber composite structure, in addition, one end of the Fabry-Perot cavity (3-5-2) is attached with a membrane (3-5-1), and the Fabry-Perot cavity (3-5-2) is filled with a magnetic fluid (3-5-5);
the specific preparation process of the sensing units (3-5) comprises the steps of manufacturing an optical fiber composite structure;
wherein: the manufacturing of the optical fiber composite structure comprises the manufacturing of a Fabry-Perot cavity (3-5-2) and the manufacturing of a cascade structure of the Fabry-Perot cavity (3-5-2), the single-mode optical fiber (3-5-3) and the FBG (3-5-4); firstly, manufacturing a Fabry-Perot cavity (3-5-2) mainly comprises the preparation of a diaphragm (3-5-1) and the filling of magnetic fluid (3-5-5); the cavity length of a Fabry-Perot cavity (3-5-2) formed between the diaphragm (3-5-1) and the single-mode optical fiber (3-5-3) is 100 mu m; selecting a PDMS membrane with the thickness of 5 mu m as the membrane (3-5-1); secondly, the manufacture of the cascade structure of the Fabry-Perot cavity (3-5-2), the single-mode fiber (3-5-3) and the FBG (3-5-4) comprises the following steps: the grating region of the FBG (3-5-4) is 25mm in length and the central wavelength is 1550 nm; the Fabry-Perot cavity (3-5-2) and the FBG (3-5-4) are connected with the single-mode optical fiber (3-5-3) with the cut and smooth end face in a fusion mode by using an optical fiber fusion splicer, and finally an optical fiber composite structure is formed;
further, the optical fiber stress and magnetic field sensor filled with the magnetic fluid is characterized in that:
the ASE light source (1) emits light beams which are transmitted to the circulator (2), the circulator (2) outputs the light beams which are transmitted to a sensing unit (3-5) in the multi-parameter measuring system (3), the light beams generate interference in the sensing unit (3-5), when stress in the multi-parameter measuring system (3) changes, the grating distance of the FBG (3-5-4) changes, the wavelength of reflected waves changes, transmitted light is transmitted to the Fabry-Perot cavity (3-5-2), as the cavity length of the Fabry-Perot cavity (3-5-2) also changes along with the stress, a spectrum drifts, and after total reflection of the spectrum, light waves pass through the FBG (3-5-4) and are transmitted to the circulator (2); when a magnetic field changes, the magnetic fluid (3-5-5) is influenced by the magnetic field to be arranged, so that the diaphragm (3-5-1) is elastically deformed, the cavity length of the Fabry-Perot cavity (3-5-2) is further changed, the spectrum of the interference light is caused to drift, the reflected light beam flows through the FBG (3-5-4) and is transmitted to the circulator (2), the interference light transmits the reflected light spectrum to the spectrum analyzer (4) to display the interference spectrum, and the demodulation module (5) demodulates the spectrum analyzer (4) and transmits the demodulated spectrum to the computer (6) for data processing.
Further, the ASE light source (1) is a broadband light source, and the central wavelength is 1550nm for generating optical signals; the magnetic fluid (3-5-5) is a metal magnetic fluid Co-B.
The optical fiber stress and magnetic field sensor filled with the magnetic fluid is characterized in that:
when the multi-parameter measuring device (3) measures stress, the stress testing platform (3-3) generates strain, and then the sensing unit (3-5) is driven to deform, so that the stress measurement is realized; and when measuring the magnetic field, the magnet moving device (3-2) is adjusted to change the magnetic field, so that the measurement of the magnetic field is realized.
The invention has the structure that: a fiber optic stress and magnetic field sensor filled with magnetic fluid.
Compared with the prior structure, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention realizes the simultaneous measurement of stress and magnetic field, can monitor the stress of the measured matrix when monitoring the environmental magnetic field, has simple structure manufacturing method, small volume and severe environment resistance, and meets the requirements of miniaturized and intelligent monitoring equipment.
According to the invention, a 5-micrometer PDMS membrane and one end of a single-mode optical fiber are adopted to form a Fabry-Perot cavity combined FBG, so that double-parameter measurement of stress and a magnetic field is realized.
The invention has the advantages of small cross influence of stress and magnetic field, increased measurement precision and enhanced accuracy.
The invention can realize demodulation and output the result to the computer, and realize real-time monitoring and measurement.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a magnetic fluid filled fiber optic stress and magnetic field sensor.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a sensing unit of a magnetic fluid filled fiber optic stress and magnetic field sensor.
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a dual parameter measurement system for a magnetic fluid filled fiber optic stress and magnetic field sensor.
Detailed Description
The following embodiments will explain the concrete implementation of the magnetic fluid filled optical fiber stress and magnetic field sensor according to the present invention with reference to the attached drawings.
As shown in figure 1, for the structure diagram of the magnetic fluid filled optical fiber stress and magnetic field sensor provided by the invention, an ASE light source (1) emits a light beam to be transmitted to a circulator (2), the light beam output by the circulator (2) is transmitted to the FBG (3-5-4) side of a sensing unit (3-5) in a multi-parameter measurement system (3), the light beam is reflected and transmitted at the FBG (3-5-4), the projected light is transmitted to a Fabry-Perot cavity (3-5-2), is totally reflected therein and is reflected to the FBG (3-5-4) through a diaphragm (3-5-1), the reflected light beam is output to a spectrum analyzer (4) through the circulator (2), and when the stress of a stress test platform (3-3) in the multi-parameter measurement system (3) changes, the sensing unit (3-5) is driven to deform, the grating pitch of the FBG (3-5-4) is changed, the wavelength of the reflected wave is changed, the transmitted light is transmitted to the Fabry-Perot cavity (3-5-2), the spectrum drifts as the cavity length of the Fabry-Perot cavity (3-5-2) is also changed along with the stress, and the stress is measured by monitoring the change of the interference light in the spectrum analyzer (4); when the magnet moving device (3-2) is operated to change the magnetic field, the magnetic field influences the arrangement of the magnetic fluid (3-5-5), so that the diaphragm (3-5-1) is elastically deformed, the cavity length of the Fabry-Perot cavity (3-5-2) is further changed, the spectrum of the interference light is drifted, the reflected light beam flows through the FBG (3-5-4) and is transmitted to the circulator (2), the interference light transmits the reflected spectrum to the spectrum analyzer (4) to display the interference spectrum, and the monitoring of the magnetic field is realized by monitoring the drift amount of the spectrum analyzer (4); the data of the spectrum analyzer (4) is output to a demodulation module (5), the demodulation module (5) eliminates the cross influence of stress and a magnetic field through a matrix analysis method, the result is output to a computer (6), the measurement data of the stress and the magnetic field are obtained, and the measurement sensitivity of the sensing units (3-5) is further analyzed.
As shown in fig. 2, for the structure diagram of the sensing unit of the magnetofluid-filled optical fiber stress and magnetic field sensor provided by the present invention, a fabry-perot cavity (3-5-2) is formed between the diaphragm (3-5-1) and one end surface of the single-mode fiber (3-5-3), and the fabry-perot cavity (3-5-2), the single-mode fiber (3-5-3) and the FBG (3-5-4) are cascaded to form an optical fiber composite structure; FBG (3-5-4) and Fabry-Perot cavity (3-5-2) monitor stress change; a Fabry-Perot cavity (3-5-2) filled with magnetic fluid (3-5-5) monitors the change of a magnetic field; the detection principle is as follows: when the stress in the multi-parameter measuring system (3) changes, the wavelength of the reflected wave changes, the transmitted light is transmitted to the Fabry-Perot cavity (3-5-2), the spectrum drifts as the cavity length of the Fabry-Perot cavity (3-5-2) also changes along with the stress, and the stress monitoring is realized by monitoring the change of interference waves; when the magnetic field changes, the magnetic field influences the arrangement of the magnetic fluid (3-5-5), so that the diaphragm (3-5-1) is elastically deformed, the cavity length of the Fabry-Perot cavity (3-5-2) is further changed, the interference light spectrum is caused to drift, and the magnetic field monitoring is realized by monitoring the drift amount of reflected light.
As shown in fig. 3, for the dual parameter measurement system diagram of the magnetofluid-filled optical fiber stress and magnetic field sensor provided by the present invention, a sensing unit (3-5) is adhered to a stress test platform (3-3), and the stress test platform (3-3) is fixed at the middle position of a magnet moving device (3-2), in addition, a magnet a (3-1) with an N-pole magnetic field is installed at the upper end of the magnet moving device (3-2), and similarly, a magnet B (3-4) with an S-pole magnetic field is installed at the lower end of the magnet moving device (3-2); applying two tensile forces parallel to the sensing units (3-5) to the stress test platform (3-3), wherein the directions of the two acting forces are opposite, so that the stress test platform (3-3) deforms, and the sensing units (3-5) are driven to deform, and the measurement of the stress is realized; the size of the magnetic field is adjusted by adjusting the magnet moving device (3-2), magnetic field change is generated, and the sensing unit (3-5) realizes magnetic field monitoring in the magnetic field environment.
Claims (3)
1. The optical fiber stress and magnetic field sensor filled with the magnetic fluid is characterized in that: the device comprises an ASE light source (1), a circulator (2), a multi-parameter measuring system (3), a spectrum analyzer (4), a demodulation module (5) and a computer (6);
the multi-parameter measurement system (3) comprises a magnet A (3-1), a magnet moving device (3-2), a stress test platform (3-3), a magnet B (3-4) and a sensing unit (3-5), wherein:
the sensing unit (3-5) is adhered to the stress test platform (3-3), the stress test platform (3-3) is fixed in the middle of the magnet moving device (3-2), in addition, a magnet A (3-1) with an N-pole magnetic field is installed at the upper end of the magnet moving device (3-2), and similarly, a magnet B (3-4) with an S-pole magnetic field is installed at the lower end of the magnet moving device (3-2);
a Fabry-Perot cavity (3-5-2), a single-mode fiber (3-5-3) and an FBG (3-5-4) in a sensing unit (3-5) are cascaded to form an optical fiber composite structure, in addition, one end of the Fabry-Perot cavity (3-5-2) is attached to a membrane (3-5-1), and the Fabry-Perot cavity (3-5-2) is filled with a magnetic fluid (3-5-5);
the specific preparation process of the sensing unit (3-5) comprises the manufacture of an optical fiber composite structure, wherein:
the manufacturing of the optical fiber composite structure comprises the manufacturing of a Fabry-Perot cavity (3-5-2) and the manufacturing of a cascade structure of the Fabry-Perot cavity (3-5-2), the single-mode optical fiber (3-5-3) and the FBG (3-5-4); firstly, the preparation of a Fabry-Perot cavity (3-5-2) mainly comprises the preparation of a diaphragm (3-5-1); the length of the Fabry-Perot cavity (3-5-2) is 100 mu m; selecting a PDMS membrane with the thickness of 5 mu m as the membrane (3-5-1); secondly, the manufacture of the cascade structure of the Fabry-Perot cavity (3-5-2), the single-mode fiber (3-5-3) and the FBG (3-5-4) comprises the following steps: the grating region of the FBG (3-5-4) is 25mm in length and the central wavelength is 1550 nm; the Fabry-Perot cavity (3-5-2) and the FBG (3-5-4) are connected with the single-mode optical fiber (3-5-3) with the cut and smooth end face in a fusion mode by using an optical fiber fusion splicer, and finally an optical fiber composite structure is formed;
the optical fiber stress and magnetic field sensor filled with the magnetic fluid is further characterized in that:
the ASE light source (1) emits light beams which are transmitted to the circulator (2), the circulator (2) outputs the light beams which are transmitted to a sensing unit (3-5) in the multi-parameter measuring system (3), the light beams generate interference in the sensing unit (3-5), when stress in the multi-parameter measuring system (3) changes, the grating pitch of the FBG (3-5-4) changes, the wavelength of reflected waves changes, transmitted light is transmitted to the Fabry-Perot cavity (3-5-2), as the cavity length of the Fabry-Perot cavity (3-5-2) also changes along with the stress, a spectrum drifts, and after the total reflection of the spectrum, light waves flow through the FBG (3-5-4) and are transmitted to the circulator (2); when a magnetic field changes, the magnetic fluid (3-5-5) is influenced by the magnetic field to be arranged, so that the diaphragm (3-5-1) is elastically deformed, the cavity length of the Fabry-Perot cavity (3-5-2) is further changed, the spectrum of the interference light is shifted, the reflected light beam flows through the FBG (3-5-4) and is transmitted to the circulator (2), the interference light transmits the reflected light spectrum to the spectrum analyzer (4) to display the interference spectrum, and the demodulation module (5) demodulates the spectrum analyzer (4) and transmits the demodulated spectrum to the computer (6) for data processing.
2. The magnetic fluid-filled fiber optic stress and magnetic field sensor according to claim 1, wherein:
the ASE light source (1) is a broadband light source, has the central wavelength of 1550nm and is used for generating optical signals;
the magnetic fluid (3-5-5) is a metal magnetic fluid Co-B.
3. The magnetic fluid-filled fiber optic stress and magnetic field sensor according to claim 1, wherein:
when the multi-parameter measuring device (3) measures the stress, the stress testing platform (3-3) deforms, so that the sensing unit (3-5) is driven to deform, and the stress measurement is realized; and when measuring the magnetic field, the magnet moving device (3-2) is adjusted to change the magnetic field, so that the measurement of the magnetic field is realized.
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| 李立新等: "Bragg光纤光栅法布里-珀罗应变传感器研究", 传感技术学报, vol. 19, no. 3, pages 807 - 809 * |
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| CN114114097B (en) | 2024-06-18 |
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