CN114113456A - Unconfined gas cloud detonation experimental device and test method - Google Patents
Unconfined gas cloud detonation experimental device and test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114113456A CN114113456A CN202111405957.0A CN202111405957A CN114113456A CN 114113456 A CN114113456 A CN 114113456A CN 202111405957 A CN202111405957 A CN 202111405957A CN 114113456 A CN114113456 A CN 114113456A
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- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000004200 deflagration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010963 304 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000589 SAE 304 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N31/00—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods
- G01N31/12—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods using combustion
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
Abstract
The invention discloses an unconfined gas cloud deflagration experimental device and a test method. Flame propagation and detonation overpressure distribution in the combustible gas cloud membrane breaking process are collected in real time through a high-speed camera optical testing system and a dynamic pressure monitoring system, image data are processed in batch by combining with self-written program codes, and flame speed is extracted. The invention fully utilizes the gas explosion related theory and the analysis characteristics of the high-speed camera, and utilizes the Python algorithm to carry out batch operation on the flame images to obtain accurate flame propagation speed, thereby having important significance for the prevention and control of the unconfined gas cloud explosion disaster caused by gas leakage in the industrial field. The device disclosed by the invention is simple in structure and operation steps, the size of the initial air cloud and the height above the ground can be actively adjusted according to experimental requirements, the measurement result is visual and real, and the popularization is easy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an unconfined gas cloud deflagration experimental device and a test method, in particular to a method for fixing an initial combustible gas cloud by using a latex balloon, adjusting the height above the ground, extracting high-precision image data by independently compiling codes and researching the explosion mechanism and influence factors of the unconfined gas cloud by combining pressure monitoring data. Belongs to the technical field of gas detonation testing.
Background
Under the background of global fossil fuel shortage and serious environmental pollution, combustible gas is widely applied to the fields of energy, chemical industry and the like as a clean fuel, and the number of times of gas accidental explosion is more and more. Evaluation of approximately 174 gas explosion accidents occurring between 1940-2010 by Zhu et al (Journal of loss Prevention in the Process Industries,2015) found that unconfined vapor cloud explosion formed by accidental leakage of combustible gas was the main cause of the largest industrial loss. Therefore, the experiment of unconfined gas cloud explosion is simulated through the experiment, and overpressure data generated by explosion and related parameters such as flame are measured, so that the method is of great importance to the establishment of safety distance and protection standard in links such as production and storage.
At present, the experimental device for explosion test of combustible gas in a laboratory system mainly uses an explosion pipeline and a ball container, but has different sizes, single function, relatively high later-period maintenance cost and certain limitation. Such as: the patent (CN109738607A) provides a container pipeline gas explosion experimental device with a concentration gradient, which is used for researching a change mechanism of pressure wave and flame propagation in a process of propagating combustible gas explosion with the concentration gradient to an inerting space, but cannot observe an explosion flame through a visualization means; the patent (CN106248733A) discloses a multi-window multifunctional gas explosion experiment system, is equipped with a plurality of optical diagnosis windows, carries out the synchronous test to gas explosion combustion process, nevertheless because the observation window size is less, can't be comparatively accurate clear observation burning flame propagation in-process's the change and the law of structure.
The premixed explosion of combustible gas can be divided into four modes according to the propagation condition: constant pressure combustion, deflagration, constant volume explosion and explosion, while unconfined vapor cloud explosion belongs to the deflagration process. In order to simulate the constant-pressure combustion and deflagration process of combustible gas cloud under the unconstrained condition, a patent (CN101726571B) discloses a deflagration experimental device of gas cloud with open space, which comprises the steps of covering more than two layers of hemispherical films on a circular gradient plate from inside to outside, then pumping air between each layer of films, and then injecting premixed gas cloud with different concentrations for subsequent deflagration. Although the method can solve the problem of observing the combustible gas cloud deflagration flame, the initial concentration of the premixed gas and the ground shock wave reflection cause great interference on the accuracy of experimental data.
Aiming at the situation, the invention provides an unconfined gas cloud detonation experimental device and a test method, the device simulates the constant-pressure combustion of the combustible gas cloud and the detonation process in an unconfined space by using a latex balloon, and the height of the initial gas cloud from the ground is timely adjusted by using a movable sliding block on a fixed support, so that the influence of ground reflection on detonation overpressure data is avoided, and the unconfined detonation characteristic of the combustible gas cloud is truly simulated.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art and the experimental device, the invention aims to provide an unconfined gas cloud deflagration experimental device and a test method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme.
An unconfined gas cloud deflagration experimental device specifically comprises a gas distribution system, a latex balloon, a balloon fixed nozzle, a latex balloon support, a steel support, an ignition combiner, an intelligent control system and a data acquisition system.
The gas distribution system comprises an oxidizing gas cylinder, a combustible gas cylinder and corresponding pressure reducing valves/safety valves, latex balloons are filled in the gas distribution system through gas inlet pipelines, and gas volume flowmeters are installed on the gas inlet pipelines.
In the device, the latex balloon is fixed on the balloon nozzle; the latex balloon support ensures that the latex balloon keeps the same shape in the inflating process and does not shake; the balloon fixing balloon nozzle and the latex balloon support are respectively welded and riveted on the upper part of the steel support;
in the device, the steel bracket is made of 304 stainless steel and is approximately Z-shaped, and the bottom of the steel bracket plays a stabilizing role through a counterweight; the movable sliding block on the steel support can be used for adjusting the height of the balloon from the ground, and the adjusting range is 0.9-2.1 m.
In the device, the ignition combiner comprises a corresponding lead, an ignition electrode and a high-voltage pulse igniter, the ignition electrode goes deep into the center of the latex balloon through a preformed hole on the fixed nozzle, and a sealing element is arranged between the pore channels.
In the device, the intelligent control system is used as a control center of the experimental device, comprises a programmable control unit and a remote control unit, is connected with the ignition combiner and the data acquisition system, and realizes remote operation.
Among the above-mentioned device, the latex balloon size is various, and specific size selection selects according to the experiment demand, and the balloon volume is controlled through gas volume flowmeter.
In the device, the data acquisition system comprises a free field pressure sensor, a high-speed camera and other auxiliary equipment.
An unconfined gas cloud deflagration experiment method comprises the following steps:
st 1: fixing the shriveled latex balloon on a nozzle, adjusting a movable sliding block on the steel bracket, and selecting a proper ground clearance;
st 2: setting parameters of a gas flowmeter, determining the volume or concentration of the mixed gas filled into the balloon, and opening a gas cylinder for inflation;
st 3: all valves on the vent pipeline are closed, so that combustible gas is prevented from leaking, and safety is guaranteed;
st 4: and remotely starting the intelligent control system, the ignition combiner and the data acquisition system, and after a certain time of premixing, synchronously triggering the ignition and data acquisition system by the intelligent control system.
St 5: and processing the image data by utilizing a Python algorithm to obtain the flame propagation speed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: this device utilizes the fixed initial gas cloud of transparent latex balloon, realizes that the gas in advance ignites, and the level pressure burning, the visual of detonation process, latex balloon can the automatic inflation before the damage simultaneously, can effectively eliminate the influence of wall effect to the experimental result. The gas volume flowmeter is installed on the gas inlet pipeline of the device, and the concentration of premixed gas and the volume of a balloon can be accurately calculated. The adjustable height of the balloon can avoid the influence of ground reflection on the parameters of the explosion pressure. The written Python algorithm can accurately calculate the flame propagation speed, and errors caused by manual processing are avoided. Meanwhile, the safety of the experiment is greatly improved by remote operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the flame radius and flame propagation velocity obtained by Python algorithm processing Vol% acetylene-air premixed gas deflagration in accordance with example 8 of the present invention.
In the figure: the device comprises 1-an oxidizing gas cylinder, 2-a combustible gas cylinder, 3-a pressure reducing valve/a check valve, 4-a volume flow meter, 5-a balloon fixed nozzle, 6-a latex balloon support, 7-a gas guide tube, 8-an ignition electrode, 9-a latex balloon, 10-a movable sliding block, 11-a device support, 12-a high-speed camera, 13-a pressure sensor, 14-an intelligent control system and 15-a data acquisition system.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be further specifically described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
Example 1:
an unconfined gas cloud deflagration experimental device is shown in figure 1, wherein a latex balloon 9 is arranged on a balloon fixing nozzle 5, and then a latex balloon support 6 is arranged; the moving slide block 10 of the adjusting device bracket 11 controls the height of the balloon from the ground; the oxidation gas cylinder 1 and the combustible gas cylinder 2 are used for preparing premixed gas, and the gas cylinders are provided with corresponding pressure reducing valves 3 for controlling the pressure of gas delivery; the gas volume flow meter 4 connected with the gas guide pipeline 7 accurately controls the air inflow; the air duct 7 and the ignition electrode 8 extend into the latex balloon from the opening on the balloon fixing nozzle 5, and the ignition electrode is kept at the center of the latex balloon; the ignition electrode 8, the high-speed camera 12, the pressure sensor 13 and the data acquisition system 15 are connected through an intelligent control system 14. After the latex balloon is inflated, the control system synchronously triggers the ignition data acquisition function to complete the experiment.
Example 2:
in this example, the operation steps of the test method of the unconfined gas cloud detonation experimental device are described as follows:
st 1: an 18-inch transparent latex balloon 9 was fixed to the balloon fixing nozzle 5 while sealing the interface between the air duct 7 and the ignition electrode 8 and the nozzle with a sealing member. The moving slide of the adjusting device bracket 11 allows the ignition position of the balloon to be 1m away from the ground.
St 2: the gas outlet pressure of the gas cylinders 1 and 2 is adjusted to 0.05Mpa, and the parameters of the gas volume flow meter 4 are set so that the volume ratio of the charged balloon is 8:92 (acetylene: air).
St 3: when the volume passing through the flow meter reaches a preset condition, the pressure reducing/check valve 3 is immediately closed.
St 4: and remotely starting the intelligent control system 14, the ignition combiner and the data acquisition system 15, and after a certain time of premixing, synchronously triggering the ignition and data acquisition system by the intelligent control system to record the flame propagation process and pressure data.
St 5: fig. 2 shows the result of processing image data by using Python algorithm, which can obtain the spherical flame radius and instantaneous speed at a certain moment.
Claims (6)
1. An unconfined gas cloud deflagration experimental device and a test method thereof comprise a gas cylinder, a latex balloon, a gas inlet guide pipe, a gas volume flow meter, a balloon fixed nozzle, a latex balloon support, a steel support, an ignition combiner, a pressure sensor, a high-speed camera shooting, an intelligent control system and a data acquisition system.
2. The unconfined gas cloud deflagration test device according to claim 1, wherein the steel right side is provided with a movable sliding block with adjustable height, the upper part is welded with a fixed nozzle and a detachable latex balloon support, and the bottom of the movable sliding block is used for improving the stability of the counterweight lifting device by increasing the thickness of a steel plate.
3. An unconfined gas cloud detonation experimental facility as claimed in claim 1, wherein a gas volume flow meter is mounted on a pipeline of the gas inlet pipe, the flow meter can accumulate the volume of gas introduced into the pipeline, and when the preset volume is reached, the valve is closed, so that the inflation volume of the latex balloon can be adjusted.
4. The unconfined gas cloud detonation experimental device according to claim 1, wherein the igniter combination system is capable of adjusting the height of an ignition position, the igniter is a high-voltage pulse igniter with adjustable energy, and the discharge pressure can reach 15 kV.
5. An unconfined-gas-cloud deflagration experimental apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the latex balloon is used as a reaction vessel to control the size of the initial gas cloud, and different sizes of latex balloons are selected according to experimental requirements.
6. The test method according to claim 1, characterized by the steps of:
st 1: fixing the shriveled latex balloon on a nozzle, adjusting a movable sliding block on the steel bracket, and selecting a proper ground clearance;
st 2: setting parameters of a gas flowmeter, determining the volume or concentration of the mixed gas filled into the balloon, and opening a gas cylinder for inflation;
st 3: all valves on the vent pipeline are closed, so that combustible gas is prevented from leaking, and safety is guaranteed;
st 4: and remotely starting the intelligent control system, the ignition combiner and the data acquisition system, and after a certain time of premixing, synchronously triggering the ignition and data acquisition system by the intelligent control system.
St 5: and processing the image data by utilizing a Python algorithm to obtain the flame propagation speed.
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Citations (6)
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| CN109187636A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2019-01-11 | 安徽理工大学 | The experimental provision and method of dust explosive characteristic are measured under the conditions of a kind of visualization is isobaric |
| CN109187635A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2019-01-11 | 安徽理工大学 | A kind of interior experimental provision and method for measuring large dosage of dust explosive characteristic of open space |
| CN109613205A (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2019-04-12 | 南京工业大学 | Wide open space different humidity premixes gas cloud deflagration flame and coupling pressure test method and its test macro |
| CN109871984A (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2019-06-11 | 中山大学 | A kind of intelligent fire development situation recognition methods based on multi-source information |
| CN110068047A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2019-07-30 | 重庆大学 | A kind of household base heating water heater operation cloud monitoring method and its system |
| CN113267287A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-08-17 | 中北大学 | Method for reconstructing shock wave overpressure three-dimensional space-time field |
-
2021
- 2021-11-24 CN CN202111405957.0A patent/CN114113456A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109187636A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2019-01-11 | 安徽理工大学 | The experimental provision and method of dust explosive characteristic are measured under the conditions of a kind of visualization is isobaric |
| CN109187635A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2019-01-11 | 安徽理工大学 | A kind of interior experimental provision and method for measuring large dosage of dust explosive characteristic of open space |
| CN109871984A (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2019-06-11 | 中山大学 | A kind of intelligent fire development situation recognition methods based on multi-source information |
| CN109613205A (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2019-04-12 | 南京工业大学 | Wide open space different humidity premixes gas cloud deflagration flame and coupling pressure test method and its test macro |
| CN110068047A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2019-07-30 | 重庆大学 | A kind of household base heating water heater operation cloud monitoring method and its system |
| CN113267287A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-08-17 | 中北大学 | Method for reconstructing shock wave overpressure three-dimensional space-time field |
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Application publication date: 20220301 |