CN114112733B - Dynamic test method for high-speed shear strength of asphalt concrete - Google Patents
Dynamic test method for high-speed shear strength of asphalt concrete Download PDFInfo
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- CN114112733B CN114112733B CN202111429861.8A CN202111429861A CN114112733B CN 114112733 B CN114112733 B CN 114112733B CN 202111429861 A CN202111429861 A CN 202111429861A CN 114112733 B CN114112733 B CN 114112733B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/30—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/30—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation in transportation, e.g. on roads, waterways or railways
Abstract
The invention discloses a dynamic test method for high-speed shear strength of asphalt concrete, which belongs to the field of asphalt concrete performance detection, and aims to solve the technical problem of how to perform high-speed load application and performance detection of dynamic response of materials on asphalt concrete materials, and adopts the following technical scheme: the method comprises the following steps: s1, preparing an asphalt concrete test piece; s2, applying high-speed load: a gun bore type dynamic load applying device is adopted to apply high-speed load, and the dynamic load is applied to the asphalt concrete test piece by impacting the shear body; s3, designing a sliding sleeve mechanism as a test mechanism: measuring the magnitude of dynamic shearing force by adopting a wedging type plane shearing mode; s4, measuring the load speed: a radar velocimeter is arranged above the gap position between the sliding sleeve mechanism and the bore type dynamic load applying device, and dynamic shear force data are collected; s5, measuring and calculating the high-speed shearing strength.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of asphalt concrete performance detection, in particular to a dynamic test method for high-speed shear strength of asphalt concrete.
Background
Asphalt concrete (bituminous concrete) is commonly called asphalt concrete, and is prepared by manually selecting mineral aggregate, broken stone or crushed gravel, stone scraps or sand, mineral powder and the like with a certain proportion of road asphalt material and mixing the mineral aggregate, the broken stone or crushed gravel, the stone scraps or sand, the mineral powder and the like under a strict control condition.
The dynamic strength parameter measurement of asphalt concrete is a technical problem in the related field, particularly the strength of a material under the action of high-speed load is difficult to measure, so that static parameters or low-speed load parameters can only be adopted in engineering design calculation, and the situation that the design parameters of the material are not matched with actual working conditions is caused. For example, when a running vehicle normally runs at a speed of 80-120 Km/h, the load acting time of wheels on pavement asphalt concrete is only 0.001-0.0015 seconds, and the mechanical response of an asphalt concrete material to high-speed load under the working condition is completely different from that of static or low-speed load, but the shear strength of the material under the action of static or low-speed load can only be adopted in the existing design system, and the reason is that a high-speed load applying means and a material dynamic response measuring method are lacked.
Therefore, how to apply high-speed load to asphalt concrete materials and detect the performance of dynamic response of the materials is a technical problem to be solved urgently at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a dynamic test method for high-speed shear strength of asphalt concrete, which is used for solving the problems of high-speed load application and performance detection of dynamic response of the asphalt concrete material.
The technical task of the invention is realized in the following way, namely a dynamic test method for high-speed shear strength of asphalt concrete, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing an asphalt concrete test piece;
s2, applying high-speed load: a gun bore type dynamic load applying device is adopted to apply high-speed load, and the dynamic load is applied to the asphalt concrete test piece by impacting the shear body;
s3, designing a sliding sleeve mechanism as a test mechanism: measuring the magnitude of dynamic shearing force by adopting a wedging type plane shearing mode;
s4, measuring the load speed: a radar velocimeter is arranged above the gap position between the sliding sleeve mechanism and the bore type dynamic load applying device, and dynamic shear force data are collected;
s5, measuring and calculating the high-speed shearing strength.
Preferably, the asphalt concrete test piece is a test piece with a specified size formed by adopting rotary compaction according to the design parameters of the tested object material; the design parameters comprise aggregate types, aggregate gradations, asphalt types, asphalt gradations and asphalt consumption.
Preferably, the bore type dynamic load applying device comprises a high-pressure air storage tank, a connecting pipe and a bore pipe, wherein one end of the connecting pipe is communicated with the high-pressure air storage tank, the other end of the connecting pipe is communicated with the bore pipe, one end, close to the connecting pipe, of the bore pipe is provided with a sliding block, and the sliding block is in sliding fit with the bore pipe; the middle part of the connecting pipe is provided with a quick release valve.
Preferably, the sliding sleeve mechanism comprises an upper fixing sleeve, a shearing sliding sleeve and a lower fixing sleeve which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the upper side surface of the shearing sliding sleeve is in sliding fit with the upper fixing sleeve, the lower side surface of the shearing sliding sleeve is in sliding fit with the lower fixing sleeve, and an asphalt concrete test piece is installed in the upper fixing sleeve, the shearing sliding sleeve and the lower fixing sleeve.
More preferably, the transverse center line of the shearing sliding sleeve and the axis of the bore tube are positioned on the same straight line, a force transducer is arranged at the center position of one side of the shearing sliding sleeve, which is close to the bore tube, and the force transducer is used for measuring the impact force of the sliding block emitted by the bore type dynamic load applying device, namely the high-speed load force value of the asphalt concrete test piece.
More preferably, the load cell is electrically connected with a high frequency data acquisition instrument.
More preferably, the radar velocimeter is arranged on the side surface of the sliding block path and is used for measuring the initial speed of the sliding block when the sliding block impacts the shearing sliding sleeve, and the initial speed is used as the application speed of high-speed load, and the unit is m/s or km/h.
More preferably, the measuring and calculating the high-speed shear strength in the step S5 is specifically as follows:
s501, performing multiple tests by utilizing a sliding sleeve mechanism and a gun chamber type dynamic load applying device, and acquiring dynamic data through a radar velocimeter, a force transducer and a high-frequency data acquisition instrument;
s502, drawing a stress curve graph according to the acquired dynamic data;
s503, calculating shearing breaking force according to a stress curve chart: taking the integral average value in the action time of dynamic load as the shearing destructive force T b The formula is as follows:
wherein T is b Represents average shear force in N; t represents time, in ms; t represents the dynamic load at the corresponding time T, and the unit is N; t is t 0 The total action time of dynamic load is expressed in ms;
s504, calculating the shear strength of asphalt concrete, wherein the formula is as follows:
wherein [ tau ] represents the shear strength of the asphalt concrete test piece, and the unit is Pa; r represents the radius of the asphalt concrete test piece, and the unit is m.
Preferably, the test environmental conditions are carried out by adopting a temperature control mode, and the method is specifically as follows:
(1) preserving the temperature of the test piece at the test target temperature Temp for more than 4 hours;
(2) performing a test under the temperature-controlled condition of the environmental chamber, and obtaining the shear strength of the material, designated as tau 0 At Temp temperature, i.e. dynamic load velocity V, the shear strength of either asphalt concrete is τ 0 。
More preferably, the asphalt concrete test piece adopts a cylindrical test piece.
The asphalt concrete high-speed shear strength dynamic test method has the following advantages:
the invention adopts the gun chamber type dynamic load applying device to apply high-speed load, adopts the force transducer to collect dynamic shear force data at high frequency, is used for measuring the high-speed shear dynamic strength of asphalt concrete, has the characteristics of clear measuring principle, simple measuring method and equipment and good reproducibility of test results, and can provide reliable material technical indexes and parameters for pavement structure and material design;
the invention adopts a wedging type parallel surface shearing mode, and simultaneously has two parallel shearing stress surfaces, so that the stress and bending moment balance of the shearing body are maintained, and the pure shearing stress state of the test piece is maintained.
Therefore, the invention has the characteristics of reasonable design, simple structure, easy processing, small volume, convenient use, multiple purposes, and the like, thereby having good popularization and use values.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dynamic test method for high-speed shear strength of asphalt concrete;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a bore type dynamic load applying apparatus;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a sliding sleeve mechanism;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a wedge-type applied shear load force analysis;
fig. 5 is a graph of shear force measurements.
In the figure: 1. a bore type dynamic load applying device 2, a sliding sleeve mechanism 3, a radar velocimeter 4, an asphalt concrete test piece 5, a high-pressure air storage tank 6, a connecting pipe 7 and a bore pipe, 8, a sliding block, 9, a quick release valve, 10, an upper fixed sleeve, 11, a shearing sliding sleeve, 12, a lower fixed sleeve, 13, a force transducer, 14 and a high frequency data acquisition instrument.
Detailed Description
The method for dynamically testing the high-speed shear strength of the asphalt concrete according to the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Rather than indicating or implying that the apparatus or elements herein referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Examples:
as shown in figure 1, the method for dynamically testing the high-speed shear strength of the asphalt concrete comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing an asphalt concrete test piece 4 and preparing a test;
s2, applying high-speed load: the gun bore type dynamic load applying device 1 is adopted to apply high-speed load, and the dynamic load is applied to the asphalt concrete test piece by impacting the shear body;
s3, designing a sliding sleeve mechanism 2 as a test mechanism: measuring the magnitude of dynamic shearing force by adopting a wedging type plane shearing mode;
s4, measuring the load speed: a radar velocimeter 3 is arranged above the gap position between the sliding sleeve mechanism 2 and the bore type dynamic load applying device 1, and dynamic shear force data are collected;
s5, measuring and calculating the high-speed shearing strength.
The asphalt concrete test piece 4 in the embodiment refers to a cylindrical test piece with the dimension of phi 101.6x100 mm formed by adopting rotary compaction according to the design parameters of the tested object material, and is suitable for testing asphalt concrete materials with the maximum nominal particle size of not more than 25 mm. The design parameters comprise aggregate types, aggregate gradations, asphalt types, asphalt gradations and asphalt consumption. The specific forming method is according to and meets the requirements of T0736-2011 in JTG E20-2011 of Highway engineering asphalt and asphalt mixture test procedure in China.
The preparation of the leaching test in this example is specifically: placing the tested asphalt concrete test piece 4 in an incubator for at least 4 hours, wherein the temperature of the incubator is set to be the test temperature, and the recommended test temperature is 25 ℃ and 60 ℃, and can be set according to the test purpose.
As shown in fig. 2, the gun chamber type dynamic load applying device 1 in the present embodiment adopts a gun chamber type pneumatic acceleration method to accelerate the slide block to a speed of 0-150 km/h, and implements application of dynamic load by striking the shear body. The gun chamber type dynamic load applying device 1 comprises a high-pressure air storage tank 5, a connecting pipe 6 and a gun chamber pipe 7, wherein one end of the connecting pipe 6 is communicated with the high-pressure air storage tank 5, the other end of the connecting pipe 6 is communicated with the gun chamber pipe 7, and the connecting pipe 6 is used for conveying high-pressure air; a sliding block 8 is arranged at one end of the bore tube 7 close to the connecting tube 6, and the sliding block 8 is in sliding fit with the bore tube 7; the middle position of the connecting pipe 6 is provided with a quick release valve 9, and the quick release valve 9 is used for quickly releasing the compressed air in the high-pressure air storage tank 5 and plays a role similar to a trigger. The high-pressure air storage tank 5 is used for storing compressed air, the capacity of the high-pressure air storage tank 5 is generally not less than 30 liters, the air pressure is not less than 1MPa, and the high-pressure air storage tank is used as a power source for pushing the sliding block 8. The bore tube 7 is made of a seamless steel tube, the length of the bore tube 7 is 1.5-2 m, and the inner diameter is 30mm. The slide block 8 is a steel cylinder with the diameter of 29.9mm, the height of 90mm and the weight of about 500g, and is accelerated to be ejected in the steel bore tube 7 under the pushing of high-pressure air.
In this embodiment, a wedging parallel surface shearing mode is adopted, as shown in fig. 4, the shearing body has upper and lower parallel pure shearing stress surfaces with equal area, and the area of a single stress surface is s=pi r 2 The total area of the two sheared surfaces being 2S, i.e. 2 pi r 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the After measurement, the integral average value T of dynamic shearing force is obtained b Under the precondition of (2), the shear stress on the shear surface can be obtained according to a material mechanical shear stress calculation method, namely:
as shown in fig. 3, the sliding sleeve mechanism 2 in this embodiment includes an upper fixing sleeve 10, a shearing sliding sleeve 11 and a lower fixing sleeve 12 which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the upper side surface of the shearing sliding sleeve 11 is in sliding fit with the upper fixing sleeve 10, the lower side surface of the shearing sliding sleeve 11 is in sliding fit with the lower fixing sleeve 12, an asphalt concrete test piece is installed in the upper fixing sleeve 10, the shearing sliding sleeve 11 and the lower fixing sleeve 12, and the upper fixing sleeve 10, the shearing sliding sleeve 11 and the lower fixing sleeve 12 are spliced together to be just capable of placing a standard test piece. The transverse center line of the shearing sliding sleeve 11 and the axis of the bore tube 7 are positioned on the same straight line, a force transducer 13 is arranged at the center position of one side of the shearing sliding sleeve 11 close to the bore tube, and the force transducer 13 is used for measuring the impact force of the sliding block 8 emitted by the bore type dynamic load applying device 1, namely the high-speed load force value received by the asphalt concrete test piece 4. The load cell 13 is electrically connected with a high frequency data collector 14. Wherein, the inner diameters of the upper fixing sleeve 10, the shearing sliding sleeve 11 and the lower fixing sleeve 12 are phi 102mm, and the cylindrical asphalt concrete test piece 4 with phi 101.6X100 mm adopted by the invention is exactly accommodated. The upper fixing sleeve 10 and the lower fixing sleeve 12 have a height of 30mm and are respectively fixed on the upper and lower sides for fixing the test piece. The height of the shear slide sleeve 11 is 40mm and can slide left and right.
The radar velocimeter 3 in this embodiment is installed on the side of the path of the slider 8 for measuring the initial velocity of the slider 8 when it hits the shear slide sleeve 11, as the rate of application of the high-speed load in m/s or km/h.
The test process of the invention is specifically as follows: firstly, taking out an asphalt concrete test piece 4 from an incubator, placing the asphalt concrete test piece 4 into a shearing sliding sleeve, starting a force transducer 13, a high-frequency data acquisition instrument 14 and a radar velocimeter 3, placing a sliding block 8 into a bore pipe 7, pressing a quick release valve 9 to quickly release compressed air in a high-pressure air storage tank 5, pushing the sliding block 8 to eject the bore pipe 7 and striking the shearing sliding sleeve 11 with the force transducer 13, dynamically applying high-speed load to the asphalt concrete test piece 4, and measuring a shearing force T (t) And the initial velocity V of the slide 8, the test can be carried out in an environmental chamber in order to ensure a temperature environment during the test.
The measurement and calculation of the high-speed shear strength in step S5 in the present embodiment is specifically as follows:
s501, performing multiple tests by utilizing the sliding sleeve mechanism 2 and the gun bore type dynamic load applying device 1, and collecting dynamic data through the radar velocimeter 3, the force transducer 13 and the high-frequency data collector 14;
s502, drawing a stress curve graph according to the acquired dynamic data, as shown in fig. 5, according to the principles of energy and momentum conservation, in the transient process of impacting the shearing body by the high-speed sliding block, the impact force (shearing force) borne by the shearing body generally goes through a dynamic and non-smooth increasing stage T (T), and the shearing fracture of the test piece is followed by rapid decline;
s503, calculating shearing breaking force according to a stress curve chart: taking the integral average value in the action time of dynamic load as the shearing destructive force T b The formula is as follows:
wherein T is b Represents average shear force in N; t represents time, in ms; t represents the dynamic load at the corresponding time T, and the unit is N; t0 represents the total action time of dynamic load, and the unit is ms; the integral part of the above formula calculates the integral value of the dynamic shear force over the impact time, i.e. the shaded area in fig. 5 divided by the time of action t 0 The average shearing force T in the impact process of dynamic load is obtained b T, i.e b The rectangular area enclosed by the time axis is the same as the dynamic load integration area;
s504, calculating the shear strength of asphalt concrete, wherein the formula is as follows:
wherein [ tau ] represents the shear strength of the asphalt concrete test piece, and the unit is Pa; r represents the radius of the asphalt concrete test piece, and the unit is m;
substituting r=50.8 mm into the above formula yields: [ tau ]]＝61.7T b The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The shear strength of the asphalt mixture thus obtained was measured as: τ 0@V.
Because the asphalt concrete material has obvious temperature sensitivity and obviously reduced strength at high temperature, the temperature of a test piece and the environmental temperature must be controlled to ensure the comparability of test results. The experimental environment conditions are adopted in the embodiment by adopting a temperature control mode, and the experimental environment conditions are specifically as follows:
(1) preserving the temperature of the test piece at the test target temperature Temp for more than 4 hours;
(2) performing a test under the temperature-controlled condition of the environmental chamber, and obtaining the shear strength of the material, designated as tau 0 At Temp temperature, i.e. dynamic load velocity V, the shear strength of either asphalt concrete is τ 0 。
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A dynamic test method for high-speed shear strength of asphalt concrete is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing an asphalt concrete test piece;
s2, applying high-speed load: a gun bore type dynamic load applying device is adopted to apply high-speed load, and the dynamic load is applied to the asphalt concrete test piece by impacting the shear body;
s3, designing a sliding sleeve mechanism as a test mechanism: measuring the magnitude of dynamic shearing force by adopting a wedging type plane shearing mode;
s4, measuring the load speed: a radar velocimeter is arranged above the gap position between the sliding sleeve mechanism and the bore type dynamic load applying device, and dynamic shear force data are collected; the sliding sleeve mechanism comprises an upper fixed sleeve, a shearing sliding sleeve and a lower fixed sleeve which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the upper side surface of the shearing sliding sleeve is in sliding fit with the upper fixed sleeve, the lower side surface of the shearing sliding sleeve is in sliding fit with the lower fixed sleeve, and an asphalt concrete test piece is arranged in the upper fixed sleeve, the shearing sliding sleeve and the lower fixed sleeve; the transverse center line of the shearing sliding sleeve and the axis of the bore pipe are positioned on the same straight line, a force transducer is arranged at the center position of one side of the shearing sliding sleeve, which is close to the bore pipe, and is used for measuring the impact force of a sliding block emitted by the bore type dynamic load applying device, namely the high-speed load force value of the asphalt concrete test piece; the force transducer is electrically connected with a high-frequency data acquisition instrument;
s5, measuring and calculating the high-speed shearing strength; the method comprises the following steps:
s501, performing multiple tests by utilizing a sliding sleeve mechanism and a gun chamber type dynamic load applying device, and acquiring dynamic data through a radar velocimeter, a force transducer and a high-frequency data acquisition instrument;
s502, drawing a stress curve graph according to the acquired dynamic data;
s503, calculating shearing breaking force according to a stress curve chart: taking the integral average value in the action time of dynamic load as the shearing destructive force T b The formula is as follows:
wherein T is b Represents average shear force in N; t represents time, in ms; t represents the dynamic load at the corresponding time T, and the unit is N; t is t 0 The total action time of dynamic load is expressed in ms;
s504, calculating the shear strength of asphalt concrete, wherein the formula is as follows:
wherein [ tau ] represents the shear strength of the asphalt concrete test piece, and the unit is Pa; r represents the radius of the asphalt concrete test piece, and the unit is m.
2. The dynamic test method for high-speed shear strength of asphalt concrete according to claim 1, wherein the asphalt concrete test piece is a test piece with a specified size formed by adopting rotary compaction according to design parameters of a tested object material; the design parameters comprise aggregate types, aggregate gradations, asphalt types, asphalt gradations and asphalt consumption.
3. The dynamic test method for the high-speed shear strength of the asphalt concrete according to claim 1, wherein the bore dynamic load applying device comprises a high-pressure air storage tank, a connecting pipe and a bore pipe, one end of the connecting pipe is communicated with the high-pressure air storage tank, the other end of the connecting pipe is communicated with the bore pipe, one end, close to the connecting pipe, of the bore pipe is provided with a sliding block, and the sliding block is in sliding fit with the bore pipe; the middle part of the connecting pipe is provided with a quick release valve.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the radar velocimeter is disposed on a side of the path of the slide block, and is used for measuring an initial velocity of the slide block when the slide block hits the shear sliding sleeve, and the initial velocity is used as an application rate of the high-speed load, and the unit is m/s or km/h.
5. The method for dynamically testing the high-speed shear strength of the asphalt concrete according to claim 1, wherein the testing environmental conditions are carried out in a temperature control mode, and the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preserving the temperature of the test piece at the test target temperature Temp for more than 4 hours;
(2) performing a test under the temperature-controlled condition of the environmental chamber, and obtaining the shear strength of the material, designated as tau 0 At Temp temperature, i.e. dynamic load velocity V, the shear strength of either asphalt concrete is τ 0 。
6. The method for dynamically testing the high-speed shear strength of the asphalt concrete according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the asphalt concrete test piece adopts a cylindrical test piece.
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| "Performance of Thin-Wall Synthetic Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Pipes under Short and Long-Term Loading";F.T.AI Rikabi 等;《Journal of Testing and Evaluation》;第48卷(第5期);第3713-3733页 * |
| "冲击荷载作用下砂岩动态力学性能与耗能规律";朱永刚;《四川建材》;第46卷(第1期);第91-92页 * |
| 张耿城.《精准数字爆破优化技术》.冶金工业出版社,2019,第175-178页. * |
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