CN114112130A - Device and method for repeatedly measuring stress intensity factor of crack tip - Google Patents
Device and method for repeatedly measuring stress intensity factor of crack tip Download PDFInfo
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- CN114112130A CN114112130A CN202111162787.8A CN202111162787A CN114112130A CN 114112130 A CN114112130 A CN 114112130A CN 202111162787 A CN202111162787 A CN 202111162787A CN 114112130 A CN114112130 A CN 114112130A
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- base
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/20—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress
- G01L1/22—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress using resistance strain gauges
- G01L1/2287—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress using resistance strain gauges constructional details of the strain gauges
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/20—Metals
- G01N33/204—Structure thereof, e.g. crystal structure
- G01N33/2045—Defects
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for repeatedly measuring stress intensity factors of crack tips, wherein the device comprises a base and a pressing and fixing device, the base comprises a stress intensity factor strain gauge, a rubber base plate, a carbon fiber plate, a rubber protective layer and a magnet, the stress intensity factor strain gauge comprises a sensitive grid, a base and a lead, holes are respectively formed in the carbon fiber plate, the rubber base plate and the rubber protective layer, a groove is formed in the carbon fiber plate, and the magnet is arranged in the groove. The stress intensity factor strain gauge is fixed by pressing the fixing device, the strain gauge is not required to be pasted, the carrying is convenient, the protection is proper, the repeated use can be realized, the stress intensity factors of the crack tips of different measuring points can be rapidly measured, and the application prospect is wide.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fatigue crack stress intensity factor measurement, in particular to a device and a method for repeatedly measuring a crack tip stress intensity factor.
Background
The steel box girder is easy to generate fatigue cracks under the cyclic action of vehicle load due to the complex structure, more welding details and the adverse effects of factors such as welding defects, residual stress and the like. The stress intensity factor is used as an elastic mechanical concept and can be used for describing the severity degree of stress near the crack tip and predicting the fatigue crack propagation of the structure. In order to deeply research the propagation behavior of the fatigue crack and obtain the stress field characteristics of the crack tip, it is necessary to accurately measure the stress intensity factor of the crack tip.
The stress intensity factor sheet is a resistance strain sheet which is specially used for measuring the stress intensity factor of the crack tip, and the stress intensity factor of the crack tip can be directly measured (see JP6222772B2 for details). With the progress of manufacturing technology, the stress intensity factor sheet is more finely manufactured, the measurement precision is better, and the price is more expensive. The traditional stress intensity factor sheet needs to be pasted at the measuring point position, the same stress intensity factor sheet cannot be used at different measuring points, the utilization rate is low, and the measuring cost is high; the lead is led out from two sides of the stress intensity factor sheet and is directly exposed in the environment, so that the lead is not convenient to protect and is easy to damage in the using process.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: aiming at the existing defects, the invention provides a novel device for measuring the fatigue crack stress intensity factor of the steel box girder, which is small, portable, novel in design, proper in protection and reusable.
The technical scheme is as follows:
an apparatus for repeatable measurement of crack tip stress intensity factor comprising a press fixture and a base, wherein:
the base comprises a stress intensity factor strain gauge, a rubber base plate, a carbon fiber plate, a rubber protective layer and a magnet, wherein the rubber protective layer, the magnet, the carbon fiber plate, the rubber base plate and the stress intensity factor strain gauge are sequentially stacked and connected into a whole from top to bottom;
the stress intensity factor strain gauge comprises a substrate, wherein a central hole of the substrate is formed in the middle of the substrate, sensitive grids are respectively arranged on two sides of the central hole of the substrate, and a plurality of leads are uniformly and correspondingly arranged on the sensitive grids on the two sides of the central hole of the substrate;
the rubber base plate is provided with a through base plate central hole at a position corresponding to the base central hole, and through base plate lead holes at positions corresponding to lead-out positions;
the carbon fiber plate is provided with a through fiber plate central hole at a position corresponding to the base plate central hole, a through fiber plate lead hole at a position corresponding to the base plate lead hole, a groove is arranged at the middle position of the upper surface of the carbon fiber plate, and the magnet is embedded in the groove; the rubber protective layer is provided with a through protective layer through hole at the position corresponding to the magnet;
all leads on the substrate are arranged on the upper surface of the carbon fiber plate after sequentially passing through the backing plate lead holes and the fiber plate lead holes in a one-to-one correspondence manner and extend out of the same side of the carbon fiber plate
The base can be fixed at the crack tip position by pressing of the pressing fixing device.
Preferably, the number of the leads, the pad lead holes and the fiberboard lead holes is 8.
Preferably, the inner diameter of each pad lead hole and the inner diameter of each fiberboard lead hole are consistent.
Preferably, the pad plate central hole, the base central hole, the fiberboard central hole and the protective layer through hole have the same inner diameter.
Preferably, the rubber protection layer is provided with a corresponding lead protection groove for each lead arranged on the surface of the carbon fiber plate at the surface opposite to the carbon fiber plate.
Preferably, the pressing and fixing device comprises a positioning screw, a pressing block, a magnetic column, a universal rotating ring and a base, and the base is provided with a threaded hole;
the base has been arranged all around the magnetic force post, the middle part position department of base has hung universal rotatory ring through set screw, and the lower extreme of universal rotatory ring is installed and is pressed the briquetting, through rotatory set screw, makes to press the briquetting and can press the base of settling at the crackle point end.
Preferably, the universal rotating ring comprises a bolt, a connecting piece, a rotating shaft pressing block and a positioning cone, the positioning cone is arranged below the pressing block, and the radius of the bottom surface of the positioning cone is smaller than the aperture of a central hole of the stress intensity factor sheet;
the number of the connecting pieces is more than one, and two adjacent connecting pieces are connected through the rotating shaft;
the bolt is assembled in the connecting piece at the uppermost part and can be in threaded fit connection with the positioning screw.
Preferably, the bottom of the positioning screw is connected with the universal rotating ring through a clamping groove.
Another technical object of the present invention is to provide a method for measuring a crack tip stress intensity factor, which is realized based on the above-mentioned apparatus for repeatedly measuring a crack tip stress intensity factor, and comprises the following steps: firstly, confirm the position at crackle point end, fixing device's position is pressed in the adjustment, make the summit of pressing fixing device's location awl aim at crackle point end, fixing device's set screw is pressed to anticlockwise rotation after that, it just can place the base to rise to the below with the universal ring drive location awl through pressing fixing device, then aim at the central hole of base crackle point end, utilize magnet to carry out preliminary fixing to the base, clockwise rotation set screw again, when pressing the rubber protection layer full contact of briquetting and base, it has that side of pressing the briquetting to press the universal rotatory ring, screw up set screw until the base is pressed on the crackle point end completely, be connected lead wire and signal acquisition equipment, can measure fatigue crackle point end stress intensity factor.
Preferably, the universal rotating ring is held by hand to press the block side, so that only height change of the pressing block occurs, and damage to the base caused by the pressing block when the pressing block is attached to the base is avoided.
Has the advantages that: the invention has the following substantial advantages and advances:
1. the lead wire passes through the hole and is arranged on the carbon fiber plate, is led out from one side of the carbon fiber plate, and is protected by the rubber protective layer, so that the protection effect under the complex environment is enhanced.
2. Need not to paste, use magnet to carry out preliminary fixed to the base, use and press fixing device and carry out final fixed to the base, take off after the measurement and press fixing device and base and can continue to use, conveniently carry, repeatedly usable has promoted measurement of efficiency greatly, has reduced the test cost.
Therefore, the strain gauge can be used for quickly and accurately measuring the stress intensity factors of a plurality of measuring points, the working efficiency is improved, and the strain gauge is more suitable for the measuring environment and conditions of the actual bridge.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall construction design of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the base construction design of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the pressing fixture of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a lead arrangement of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the design of the rubber protective layer of the present invention;
fig. 6, 7 and 8 are schematic diagrams of the method of use of the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION
The invention is further described below with reference to the following figures and examples:
the invention discloses a device capable of repeatedly measuring a stress intensity factor of a crack tip, which comprises a base 1 and a pressing and fixing device 2, wherein the base 1 can be fixed at the position of the crack tip by pressing the pressing and fixing device 2, as shown in figures 1 to 7, wherein:
the base 1 comprises a stress intensity factor strain gauge 11, a rubber base plate 12, a carbon fiber plate 13, a rubber protective layer 17 and a magnet 16, wherein the rubber protective layer 17, the magnet 16, the carbon fiber plate 13, the rubber base plate 12 and the stress intensity factor strain gauge 11 are sequentially stacked and connected into a whole from top to bottom; specifically, the stress intensity factor strain gauge 11 includes a substrate 18, a central hole of the substrate is formed in the middle of the substrate 18, the substrate 18 is respectively provided with sensitive grids 15 on two sides of the central hole of the substrate, and the sensitive grids 15 on two sides of the central hole of the substrate are respectively provided with a plurality of leads 14 in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the rubber pad 12 is provided with a through pad central hole at a position corresponding to the base central hole, and is provided with a through pad lead hole at a position corresponding to the leading-out position of each lead 14; the carbon fiber plate 13 is provided with a through fiber plate central hole at a position corresponding to the pad plate central hole, a through fiber plate lead hole at a position corresponding to the pad plate lead hole, a groove is arranged at the middle position of the upper surface of the carbon fiber plate 13, and a magnet 16 is embedded in the groove; the rubber protective layer 17 is provided with a through protective layer through hole at a position corresponding to the magnet 16; the leads 14 on the substrate 18 are arranged on the upper surface of the carbon fiber plate 13 after passing through the pad plate lead holes and the fiber plate lead holes in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and extend out from the same side of the carbon fiber plate 13.
The pressing and fixing device 2 comprises a positioning screw 21, a pressing block 22, a magnetic column 23, a universal rotating ring 24 and a base 25, wherein the base 25 is provided with a threaded hole 28. The magnetic columns 23 are arranged around the base 25 to play a role in fixing, and the positioning screws 21 can be adjusted in height and fixed through the threaded holes 28. A universal rotating ring 24 is hung at the middle position of the base 25 through a positioning screw 21, a pressing block 22 is installed at the lower end of the universal rotating ring 24, and the pressing block 22 can be enabled to press the base arranged at the tip of the crack through rotating the positioning screw 21. The set screw 21 is connected with the universal rotating ring 24 through a clamping groove 26.
The universal rotating ring 24 comprises a bolt 29, a connecting piece 210, a rotating shaft 211, a pressing block 22 and a positioning cone 27. The positioning cone 27 is arranged below the pressing block 22, and the radius of the bottom surface of the positioning cone 27 is smaller than the aperture of the central hole of the stress intensity factor sheet 11; the number of the connecting pieces 210 is more than one, and two adjacent connecting pieces 210 are connected through the rotating shaft 211; the bolt 29 is fitted in the uppermost connecting member 210 and can be screw-engaged with the set screw 21. When the positioning screw 21 is rotated to adjust the height, the handheld universal rotating ring 24 is provided with the connecting piece 210 on one side of the pressing block 22, so that the pressing block can not rotate and only has height change, and the pressing block can not be damaged when being attached to the base.
When the device is used, the accurate position of the tip of the fatigue crack 3 of the steel box girder member should be firstly determined, the magnetic column 23 is adsorbed on the surface of the steel material, the positioning screw 21 is rotated clockwise until the vertex of the positioning cone 27 contacts the surface of the steel material, and the position of the pressing and fixing device 2 is adjusted so that the vertex of the positioning cone 27 is just aligned with the tip of the fatigue crack 3. The set screw 21 is then rotated counterclockwise until the set cone 27 is spaced sufficiently from the tip of the fatigue crack 3 to set down the base 1. Aligning the hole of the base 1 with the tip of the fatigue crack 3, rotating the positioning screw 21 clockwise until the pressing block 22 is completely contacted with the rubber protective layer 17, pressing the connecting piece 210 on one side of the universal rotating ring 24 with the pressing block 22, and continuing to rotate the positioning screw 21 clockwise until the base is completely attached to the surface of the steel material under the pressing action. And connecting the lead with a collecting device, namely measuring the stress intensity factor of the tip of the fatigue crack 3.
Claims (10)
1. Device for repeatable measurement of crack tip stress intensity factor, comprising a press fixture (2) and a base (1), wherein:
the base (1) comprises a stress intensity factor strain gauge (11), a rubber base plate (12), a carbon fiber plate (13), a rubber protective layer (17) and a magnet (16), wherein the rubber protective layer (17), the magnet (16), the carbon fiber plate (13), the rubber base plate (12) and the stress intensity factor strain gauge (11) are sequentially stacked from top to bottom and are connected into a whole;
the stress intensity factor strain gauge (11) comprises a substrate (18), a central hole of the substrate is formed in the middle of the substrate (18), sensitive grids (15) are respectively arranged on two sides of the central hole of the substrate (18), and a plurality of leads (14) are respectively arranged on the sensitive grids (15) on the two sides of the central hole of the substrate in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
the rubber pad (12) is provided with a through pad central hole at a position corresponding to the base central hole, and a through pad lead hole is arranged at a position corresponding to the leading-out position of each lead (14);
the carbon fiber plate (13) is provided with a through fiber plate central hole at a position corresponding to the pad plate central hole, a through fiber plate lead hole at a position corresponding to the pad plate lead hole, a groove is arranged at the middle position of the upper surface of the carbon fiber plate (13), and the magnet (16) is embedded in the groove; the rubber protective layer (17) is provided with a through protective layer through hole at a position corresponding to the magnet (16);
all leads (14) on the substrate (18) sequentially pass through the pad lead holes and the fiber board lead holes one by one, are arranged on the upper surface of the carbon fiber board (13), and extend out from the same side of the carbon fiber board (13);
the base (1) can be fixed at the crack tip position by the pressing of the pressing and fixing device (2).
2. The apparatus for repeatable measurement of crack tip stress intensity factor according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of leads (14), pad lead holes and fiberboard lead holes is 8.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the inner diameter of each pad pin hole and the inner diameter of each fiberboard pin hole are uniform.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the pad plate central hole, the base central hole, the fiberboard central hole and the protective layer through hole have the same inner diameter.
5. The device for repeatedly measuring the stress intensity factor of the crack tip as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rubber protection layer (17) is provided with a corresponding lead protection groove for each lead arranged on the surface of the carbon fiber plate (13) at the surface opposite to the surface of the carbon fiber plate (13).
6. The device for repeatedly measuring the stress intensity factor of the crack tip as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pressing and fixing device (2) comprises a set screw (21), a pressing block (22), a magnetic column (23), a universal rotating ring (24) and a base (25), and the base (25) is provided with a threaded hole (28);
the magnetic force columns (23) are arranged on the periphery of the base (25), the middle position of the base (25) is provided with a universal rotating ring (24) in a hanging mode through a positioning screw (21), the lower end of the universal rotating ring (24) is provided with a pressing block (22), and the pressing block (22) is enabled to press the base arranged at the tip of a crack through the rotating positioning screw (21).
7. The device for repeatedly measuring the stress intensity factor of the crack tip as claimed in claim 6, wherein the universal rotating ring (24) comprises a bolt (29), a connecting piece (210), a rotating shaft (211), a pressing block (22) and a positioning cone (27), the positioning cone (27) is installed below the pressing block (22), and the radius of the bottom surface of the positioning cone (27) is smaller than the aperture of the central hole of the stress intensity factor sheet (11);
the number of the connecting pieces (210) is more than one, and two adjacent connecting pieces (210) are connected through the rotating shaft (211);
the bolt (29) is assembled in the uppermost connecting piece (210) and can be in threaded fit connection with the positioning screw (21).
8. The device for repeatedly measuring the stress intensity factor of the crack tip as claimed in claim 6, wherein the bottom of the positioning screw (21) is connected with the universal rotating ring (24) through a clamping groove (26).
9. A method for measuring a stress intensity factor of a crack tip, which is realized based on the device for repeatedly measuring the stress intensity factor of the crack tip of claim 1, and is characterized by comprising the following steps: firstly, confirm the position at crackle point end, fixing device's position is pressed in the adjustment, make the summit of pressing fixing device's location awl aim at crackle point end, fixing device's set screw is pressed to anticlockwise rotation after that, it just can place the base to rise to the below with the universal ring drive location awl through pressing fixing device, then aim at the central hole of base crackle point end, utilize magnet to carry out preliminary fixing to the base, clockwise rotation set screw again, when pressing the rubber protection layer full contact of briquetting and base, it has that side of pressing the briquetting to press the universal rotatory ring, screw up set screw until the base is pressed on the crackle point end completely, be connected lead wire and signal acquisition equipment, can measure fatigue crackle point end stress intensity factor.
10. The method for measuring the stress intensity factor of a crack tip as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that the gimbal ring is held by hand on the press block side so that the press block only changes in height, avoiding damage to the base when the press block (22) has been attached to the base.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111162787.8A CN114112130B (en) | 2021-09-30 | 2021-09-30 | Device and method capable of repeatedly measuring stress intensity factor of crack tip |
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| CN202111162787.8A CN114112130B (en) | 2021-09-30 | 2021-09-30 | Device and method capable of repeatedly measuring stress intensity factor of crack tip |
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| CN114112130A true CN114112130A (en) | 2022-03-01 |
| CN114112130B CN114112130B (en) | 2023-04-21 |
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| CN114112130B (en) | 2023-04-21 |
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