CN114112043A - Spectral imaging device - Google Patents
Spectral imaging device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114112043A CN114112043A CN202111340651.1A CN202111340651A CN114112043A CN 114112043 A CN114112043 A CN 114112043A CN 202111340651 A CN202111340651 A CN 202111340651A CN 114112043 A CN114112043 A CN 114112043A
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- 238000000701 chemical imaging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012472 biological sample Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001010 compromised effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
- G01J3/40—Measuring the intensity of spectral lines by determining density of a photograph of the spectrum; Spectrography
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Abstract
The invention discloses a spectral imaging device, which comprises a lens, a blazed grating, a band-pass filter, an achromatic relay lens group, a cylindrical lens array and a camera, wherein each cylindrical lens in the camera corresponds to a group of sub-pixel strips. According to the invention, through a unique light path design, three-dimensional spectral data are recorded in a two-dimensional pixel space through pixel partition multiplexing, at the moment, the transverse resolution and the spectral resolution of single-channel imaging are mutually compromised and are in an inverse relation, and meanwhile, the longitudinal resolution of the single-channel imaging has no influence, so that single exposure acquisition of a three-dimensional spectral image can be realized, and a pixel area is fully utilized; the device can acquire scene spectrum data in real time and display the scene spectrum data in real time, and the data acquisition and data processing processes have no time delay; the spectral data of a dynamic scene can be obtained, the brightness of a light source is moderate, and photobleaching and other damages to biological samples cannot be caused.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of spectral imaging, in particular to a spectral imaging device.
Technical Field
Compared with the traditional imaging technology, the spectrum imaging can record the spectrum information of a scene while shooting a two-dimensional image of the scene, and record the two-dimensional space and the one-dimensional spectrum information. The spectrum imaging technology can increase the richness of recorded information and is beneficial to later analysis and processing. In the initial stage of the spectral imaging technology, the conventional method for acquiring spectral information was used, i.e. two-dimensional spatial information and spectral information at corresponding wavelengths were recorded through a narrow-band filter. The method has the advantages of high precision and easy realization, and has the defects that only a plurality of limited spectral channel information can be obtained, and the spectral information is not coherent. Meanwhile, the method cannot record spectral information on different spectral channels at the same time, so that only spectral imaging of a static scene can be realized.
The spectrum imaging device can realize the acquisition of a plurality of spectrum channels, so that the spectrum data is richer, and meanwhile, the pixel array space is not sacrificed, so that the utilization rate of the pixel space is higher. Therefore, the spectral imaging device can effectively solve the problems that the spectrum channels in the early spectral imaging technology are few and the dynamic scene image acquisition cannot be processed.
The invention content is as follows:
aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the spectral imaging device. The device can simultaneously record two-dimensional spatial information and one-dimensional spectral information, and can be used for recording spectral microscopic imaging of dynamic scenes.
The spectrum imaging device comprises a lens (1), a blazed grating (2), a band-pass filter (3), an achromatic relay lens group (4), a cylindrical lens array (5) and a camera (6), wherein each cylindrical lens in the camera corresponds to a group of sub-pixel strips (7).
Under natural light, a scene image observed by the lens (1) is converged on a rear focal plane of the lens (1), the blazed grating (2) is arranged on the rear focal plane, the scene image recorded by the lens (1) is dispersed by the blazed grating (2) and is relayed to one surface of a substrate of the cylindrical lens array (5) through the achromatic relay lens group (4), at the moment, the scene images at the blazed grating (2) and the cylindrical lens array (5) are not dispersed, and the scene image is dispersed in the process of being transmitted to the cylindrical lens array (5) from the blazed grating (2). The pixel array of the camera (6) is positioned at the back focal plane of the cylindrical lens array (5), and light signals with different wavelengths of the scene image converged on the cylindrical lens array (5) have different exit angles, so that the light signals with different wavelengths of the scene image passing through the cylindrical lens array (5) are dispersed along the normal direction of the cylindrical lens and spread over the pixel array of the camera (6), and the scene image tangential to the cylindrical lens is not dispersed.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the three-dimensional spectral image acquisition method has the advantages that through a unique light path design, three-dimensional spectral data are recorded in a two-dimensional pixel space through pixel partition multiplexing, the transverse resolution and the spectral resolution of single-channel imaging are mutually compromised and are in an inverse relation, and meanwhile, the longitudinal resolution of the single-channel imaging is not affected, so that the single exposure acquisition of the three-dimensional spectral image can be realized, and the pixel area is fully utilized;
the device can acquire scene spectrum data in real time and display the scene spectrum data in real time, and the data acquisition and data processing processes have no time delay;
the device can obtain the spectral data of the dynamic scene, and the light source brightness is moderate, so that photobleaching and other damages to biological samples cannot be caused.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a spectral imaging apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
the system comprises a lens 1, a blazed grating 2, a band-pass filter 3, an achromatic relay lens group 4, a cylindrical lens array 5, a camera 6 and a sub-pixel strip 7.
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating initial imaging data of a spectral imaging apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention discloses a spectral imaging device, which is characterized in that a single exposure is used for acquiring continuous multiple spectral information of a biological sample, and the device comprises the following steps:
referring to fig. 1, the device for spectral imaging according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a lens 1, a blazed grating 2, a band-pass filter 3, an achromatic relay lens group 4, a cylindrical lens array 5, a camera 6, and a sub-pixel strip 7, which are arranged in this order.
The realization method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: blazed grating for imaging real image of scene image at back focal plane by lens 12, the scene image optical signal is dispersed after passing through the blazed grating 2, the spectral signal after the scene image dispersion is screened through the band-pass filter 3, and the spectral band is kept as lambda1To lambdanThe aliasing spectrum signal is refocused on the cylindrical lens array 5 through the achromatic relay lens 4;
step two: different exit angles exist in spectral signals with different wavelengths of a scene image at the cylindrical lens array 5, light rays are not influenced when passing through the tangential direction of the cylindrical lens 5, and the numerical aperture NA of incident light can be influenced when the light rays pass through the normal direction of the cylindrical lens 5oWill be magnified and overlaid on the pixel array of the camera 6. In a sub-pixel area 7 covered by each cylindrical mirror, the width of each sub-pixel strip 7 along the normal direction of the cylindrical mirror is n pixels, scene image spectral signals are spread and distributed along the normal direction of the cylindrical mirror, and the scene images are free of dispersion along the tangential direction of the cylindrical mirror;
step three: the spectral band is lambda1To lambdanIs divided evenly into n parts, i.e. lambda1，λ2，…，λnCombining ith groups in the sub-pixel strips 7 correspondingly covered by the cylindrical lenses in the pixel area to obtain a picture Pi. At this time, picture PiFor scenes at spectral wavelength λiAnd imaging under light irradiation, wherein i is 1,2, …, n.
Further, the scene image light signal projected onto the lenticular array 5 must match as closely as possible the numerical aperture of the lenticular array 5. The method comprises the following specific steps:
let the numerical aperture of the light beam at the rear focal plane 2 of the lens 1 be NAoWhen the magnification of the achromatic lens group 4 is N, the grating is in lambda to the scene1To lambdanThe magnification M of the numerical aperture of the wave band spectrum signal is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
α＝arcsin(NAo) A 2, d ═ a + b, wherea is the width of the light-transmitting slit of the grating scribing line, and b is the width of the light-tight scribing part.
Let F be the number of the cylindrical lens array 5#Then, then
The above equation is established as the optimal solution.
Claims (3)
1. The spectral imaging device is characterized by comprising a lens (1), a blazed grating (2), a band-pass filter (3), an achromatic relay lens group (4), a cylindrical lens array (5) and a camera (6) which are sequentially arranged, wherein each cylindrical lens in the camera corresponds to a group of sub-pixel strips (7);
under natural light, a scene image observed by the lens (1) is converged on a rear focal plane of the lens (1), a blazed grating (2) is arranged on the rear focal plane, the scene image recorded by the lens (1) is dispersed by the blazed grating (2) and is relayed to one surface of a substrate of a cylindrical lens array (5) through an achromatic relay lens group (4), at the moment, the scene images at the blazed grating (2) and the cylindrical lens array (5) are not dispersed, and the scene image is colored and dispersed in the process of being transmitted to the cylindrical lens array (5) from the blazed grating (2); the pixel array of the camera (6) is positioned at the back focal plane of the cylindrical lens array (5), and light signals with different wavelengths of the scene image converged on the cylindrical lens array (5) have different exit angles, so that the light signals with different wavelengths of the scene image passing through the cylindrical lens array (5) are dispersed along the normal direction of the cylindrical lens and spread over the pixel array of the camera (6), and the scene image tangential to the cylindrical lens is not dispersed.
2. A spectral imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a spectral imaging apparatus is implemented as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: the real image of the scene image is imaged on the blazed grating (2) on the back focal plane by the lens (1), the scene image optical signal is dispersed after passing through the blazed grating (2), the spectrum signal after the scene image dispersion is screened by the band-pass filter (3), and the spectrum wave in the spectrum signal is reservedSegment is lambda1To lambdanThe aliasing spectral signals are refocused on a cylindrical lens array (5) through an achromatic relay lens (4);
step two: different exit angles exist in spectral signals with different wavelengths of a scene image at the cylindrical lens array (5), light rays are not influenced when passing through the tangential direction of the cylindrical lens (5), and the numerical aperture NA of incident light can be influenced when the light rays pass through the normal direction of the cylindrical lens (5)oWill be enlarged and will be covered on the pixel array of the camera (6); in a sub-pixel area (7) covered by each cylindrical mirror, the width of each sub-pixel strip (7) along the normal direction of the cylindrical mirror is n pixels, scene image spectrum signals are spread and distributed along the normal direction of the cylindrical mirror, and the scene images are non-dispersive along the tangential direction of the cylindrical mirror;
step three: the spectral band is lambda1To lambdanIs divided evenly into n parts, i.e. lambda1，λ2，…，λnCombining ith groups in sub-pixel strips (7) correspondingly covered by cylindrical lenses in the pixel area to obtain a picture Pi(ii) a At this time, picture PiFor scenes at spectral wavelength λiAnd imaging under light irradiation, wherein i is 1,2, …, n.
3. A method of implementing a spectral imaging apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the scene image light signal projected onto the lenticular array (5) must match as closely as possible the numerical aperture of the lenticular array (5); the method comprises the following specific steps:
the numerical aperture of the light beam at the rear focusing surface (2) of the lens (1) is set as NAoWhen the magnification of the achromatic lens group (4) is N, the grating is in lambda to the scene1To lambdanThe magnification M of the numerical aperture of the wave band spectrum signal is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
α＝arcsin(NAo)/2，d is a + b, wherein a is the width of the light-transmitting slit of the grating scribing line, and b is the width of the light-tight scribing part;
let F number of the cylindrical lens array (5) be F#Then, then
The above equation is established as the optimal solution.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111340651.1A CN114112043B (en) | 2021-11-12 | 2021-11-12 | Spectrum imaging device |
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| CN202111340651.1A CN114112043B (en) | 2021-11-12 | 2021-11-12 | Spectrum imaging device |
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| CN114112043B CN114112043B (en) | 2023-11-07 |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20150153156A1 (en) * | 2013-12-03 | 2015-06-04 | Mvm Electronics, Inc. | High spatial and spectral resolution snapshot imaging spectrometers using oblique dispersion |
| US20170219487A1 (en) * | 2016-02-02 | 2017-08-03 | Kla-Tencor Corporation | System and Method for Hyperspectral Imaging Metrology |
| CN107436194A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-12-05 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of high light flux real time spectrum imaging device |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20150153156A1 (en) * | 2013-12-03 | 2015-06-04 | Mvm Electronics, Inc. | High spatial and spectral resolution snapshot imaging spectrometers using oblique dispersion |
| US20170219487A1 (en) * | 2016-02-02 | 2017-08-03 | Kla-Tencor Corporation | System and Method for Hyperspectral Imaging Metrology |
| CN107436194A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-12-05 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of high light flux real time spectrum imaging device |
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| CN114112043B (en) | 2023-11-07 |
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