CN114111569A - Method for correcting position of middle bearing of inclined shaft system - Google Patents
Method for correcting position of middle bearing of inclined shaft system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114111569A CN114111569A CN202111272025.3A CN202111272025A CN114111569A CN 114111569 A CN114111569 A CN 114111569A CN 202111272025 A CN202111272025 A CN 202111272025A CN 114111569 A CN114111569 A CN 114111569A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/002—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring two or more coordinates
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S17/08—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
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- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for correcting the position of a middle bearing of an inclined shaft system, which comprises the following steps: s1, when the shaft system formal lighting condition meeting the process requirement is used for shaft system formal lighting, the position of the axis is found out through the bow target and the stern target at the stern part of the ship body through the laser instrument; s2 adjusting the center of gravity of each intermediate bearing light target to the axis and recording the distance from each light target to the laser, placing the wooden frame on the panel of the intermediate bearing base, making the laser point of the axis fall on the wooden frame, and then measuring the vertical distance LBO from the axis to the panel of each intermediate bearing base; s3 finds the center line of the middle bearing base in the left and right directions, then measures the axial distance L left and L right from the base center line to the light target reference plane through the left and right sides, respectively, records and calculates the distance L1 from the center of each middle bearing base plane to the light target reference plane as (L left + L right)/2.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of ship construction, and particularly relates to a method for correcting a position of a middle bearing of an inclined shaft system.
Background
In the process of building a ship, the installation of the inclined long shafting is realized by adopting a new process of firstly hanging a main engine and then illuminating, namely, the bolt holes of the base of the main engine gear box are well positioned and drilled by primary illumination, then the main engine gear box is hung in the main engine gear box, and key data such as the position of the shafting, the length of the shafting, the boring allowance and the like are determined by secondary formal illumination. After the positions of the main machine and the gear box are determined by primary lighting, the relative position of each intermediate bearing of the shafting is also determined, but the intermediate bearing base is generally pre-positioned and installed according to the rib position of a ship structure, and because the ship structure possibly has certain deviation, the situation that the deviation between the theoretical center and the actual center of the intermediate bearing system is large can be caused when the final shafting is installed, the state of the shafting and the shafting jacking test are influenced to a certain extent, and the pre-positioned intermediate bearing position needs to be detected in the formal lighting process. Because the length of the shaft system is long, the illumination target is generally arranged near the middle bearing base along the axial direction and is vertical to the axial line, and an inspection circle is drawn on the illumination target in the formal illumination process and is used as a standard for mounting the shaft system. In the process of sectional hoisting, the intermediate bearing is generally embedded in advance, the intermediate bearing is generally pre-placed on an intermediate bearing base in a narrow position, and the distance from a reference point to the center of the intermediate bearing base cannot be directly measured due to the shielding of equipment, so that the measurement is carried out by means of an optical target. The accurate distance from the laser instrument to each illumination target can be directly measured along the axial direction by taking the illumination target near the intermediate bearing as a reference, and then the position of the center of each intermediate bearing relative to the output flange of the gear box can be calculated by manually measuring the distance from the illumination target to the center of the intermediate bearing base. The shafting has certain inclination, and because factors such as human factor or welding deformation influence in the perpendicular installation process of illumination target and axis, the condition that the illumination target positioning deviation is great often appears, through calculation, the shafting direction distance variation that the illumination target deviation angle or shafting inclination increase 1 degree at 1 meter height corresponds is 17.46mm, therefore the positioning deviation of light target can cause great influence to middle bearing central point position measurement.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for correcting the position of a middle bearing of an inclined shaft system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for correcting the position of a middle bearing of an inclined shaft system comprises the following steps: s1, when the shaft system formal lighting condition meeting the process requirement is used for shaft system formal lighting, the position of the axis is found out through the bow target and the stern target at the stern part of the ship body through the laser instrument; s2 adjusting the center of gravity of each intermediate bearing light target to the axis and recording the distance from each light target to the laser, placing the wooden frame on the panel of the intermediate bearing base, making the laser point of the axis fall on the wooden frame, and then measuring the vertical distance LBO from the axis to the panel of each intermediate bearing base; s3 finding out the center line of the middle bearing pedestal in the left and right directions, respectively measuring the axial distance L from the pedestal center line to the light target reference plane through the left and right sides, and recording and calculating the distance L1 from the center of each middle bearing pedestal plane to the light target reference plane to be (L left + L right)/2; s4 hanging a perpendicular line through the target center of the light target by the line plumb, taking the length as LBO, measuring the axial distance L2 from the perpendicular line to the reference surface of the light target, and recording correspondingly; s5, searching the height difference H and the distance Lh between the fore target and the stern target according to the shafting pattern; s6 observing the actual inclination direction of the light target and the position of the light target relative to the middle bearing base, and calculating the axial distance L from the center of the real light target to the center of the middle bearing base; s7 calculating the real distance between the center of each intermediate bearing and the output flange of the gear box by measuring the distance of each light target by the laser instrument and combining the distance L between the center of each intermediate bearing and the center of the intermediate base, comparing the distance with the theoretical distance to obtain the deviation value of the center of the intermediate bearing, and selecting an adjusting scheme to adjust the center of the intermediate bearing to the theoretical position if the deviation exists.
Preferably, when the light target is observed to tilt backwards and is located behind the base in s6, L1+ (L2-L0), wherein L0 is H/Lh LAD and LAD is LBO.
Preferably, when the light target is observed to tilt backwards and is located in front of the base in s6, L-L1- (L2-L0), wherein L0-H LAD, LAD-LBO.
Preferably, when the light target is observed to incline forward and located behind the base in s6, L-L1- (L2+ L0), wherein L0-H/Lh LAD and LAD-LBO.
Preferably, when the light target is observed to be tilted forward and located in front of the base in s6, L — L1+ (L2+ L0), wherein L0 — H/Lh LAD, and LAD — LBO.
Preferably, the adjustment scheme comprises moving the position of the shim or moving the position of the base panel.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the method is used for measuring and correcting the position of the middle bearing of the inclined long shafting, so that the measurement errors caused by inaccurate positioning of the light target and the inclination angle of the shafting can be greatly reduced, the position state of the middle bearing base can be accurately reflected, and then the adjustment is carried out in a targeted manner, so that the installation precision of the middle bearing can be ensured;
2. the method is simple and highly instructive, and can be operated without special training;
3. the method does not need extra cost, and the correction value can be measured and calculated by using a conventional ruler and a conventional line plumb;
4. the method is strong in universality, can be suitable for various inclined long shafting, is also suitable for various horizontal installation shafting with zero inclination angle, and is simpler in formula.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a tilting axis system.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the light target tilted backward and located at the rear of the base.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the light target tilted backward and located in front of the base.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the light target tilted forward and located behind the pedestal.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the light target tilted forward and located in front of the pedestal.
FIG. 6 is a top view of the position of the optical target relative to the intermediate bearing base.
1-horizontal line; 2-axis; 3-stern target center; 4-bow target center; 5-a middle bearing base; 6-light target.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience of description and for simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
For an inclined shaft system, the main characteristic is that the height difference exists between a fore target and a stern target passing through the axis, as shown in figure 1. There are four cases for the optical target position situation near the center bearing: the light target is tilted backwards and behind the middle bearing base, as shown in fig. 2; the light target is tilted backwards and in front of the middle bearing base, as shown in fig. 3; the light target is tilted forward and behind the middle bearing pedestal, as shown in FIG. 4; the light target is tilted forward and the light target is in front of the center bearing pedestal as shown in fig. 5.
In the figure, AC represents an actual light target position, AD represents a theoretical light target position, AE represents a perpendicular line passing through a light target center, BO represents a middle bearing base center perpendicular line, O represents a middle bearing base center, a represents a middle bearing light target center, B represents a center of a middle bearing on a shaft system, C represents an intersection point with a middle bearing base surface on a light target, D represents an intersection point with a middle bearing base surface on a theoretical light target, E represents an intersection point of a perpendicular line passing through the light target center and a middle bearing base surface, L represents a distance between the light target center and the middle bearing base center, L1 represents an axial distance between the actually measured light target and the middle bearing base center, L2 represents an axial offset distance between the actual light target, L0 represents an axial offset distance between the theoretical light target, arc 1 is an axis inclination angle, and arc 2 is an included angle between the theoretical light target and the perpendicular line passing through the light target center.
When the distance from the datum point to the center of the light target is measured by a laser instrument along an axis in the lighting process, then the distance L from the light target to the middle bearing needs to be manually measured, because L cannot be directly measured, L1 needs to be moved down to the distance from the center of the middle bearing base panel parallel to the axis to the light target, if the actual position AC of the light target is coincided with the theoretical position AD of the light target, L1 is equal to L1, and the L1 can be directly measured, but the actual light target has deviation in the installation process, and the direct measurement of L1 can generate a large result error, so the measurement and correction are needed. When the optical target is actually deflected backwards with the optical target behind the pedestal, as shown in FIG. 2, the actual measurement L1 is less than the axial distance L from the center of the optical target to the center of the center bearing pedestal. The vertical line is hung through the center point of the light target, a point E with the same distance between the axis and the middle bearing pedestal panel is selected, the distance L2 from the point E to the reference plane of the light target (the reference plane is the same as the reference plane for measuring L1) is measured, FIG. 2 shows that L1+ L2 is more than L, the light target is perpendicular to the axis in a theoretical state, so that the theoretical light target position has an inclination angle of 2, the axial deviation generated by the inclination angle is L0, and L1+ (L2-L0) can be obtained. According to the principle of similar triangle, fig. 2 shows that ═ 1 ═ 2, and with reference to fig. 1, LED/LAE ═ H/Lh can be obtained, and since the distance between the axis and the intermediate bearing pedestal panel (distance AD in the figure) can be directly measured by illumination, the distance AE cannot be directly measured, but when the inclination angle of the shafting is very small, LAE ≈ LAD, and the height difference H and axial distance Lh between the fore target and the aft target in fig. 1 can be directly found out by the shafting drawing. According to calculation, when the inclination angle is one degree, the LED corresponding to the height per meter is 17.46mm, the difference between the LAE and the LAD is only 0.15mm, the influence on the calculation result is negligible, and therefore, the LED/LAD is calculated as H/Lh instead, namely L0/LAD is H/Lh. Because the left and right direction may not be perpendicular to the axis in the actual positioning of the optical target, and the middle part of the middle bearing base is hollow, the distance from the center of the panel of the middle bearing base to the reference plane of the optical target cannot be measured axially, but the axial distance L1 from the center of the middle bearing base to the reference plane of the optical target can be calculated by measuring the distance from the centers of the left and right sides of the base to the optical target, and L1 is (L left + L right)/2. In conclusion, the distance deviation caused by the inclination angles of the optical target and the shafting can be accurately corrected, and the axial distance L from the center of the optical target to the center of the middle shafting base can be calculated.
Similarly, as shown in fig. 3, when the actual light target AC is biased backward and the light target is in front of the base, L — L1- (L2-L0); as shown in fig. 4, when the actual light target AC is biased forward and the light target is behind the pedestal, L — L1- (L2+ L0); as shown in fig. 5, when the light target is actually deflected forward and the light target is in front of the base, L ═ L1+ (L2+ L0).
By combining the light target correction method, the method for improving the mounting precision of the intermediate bearing during illumination comprises the following steps:
1. when the shaft system formal lighting condition meeting the process requirements is adopted, the position of the axis is found out through a bow target and a stern target at the stern part of the ship body through a laser instrument;
2. adjusting the target center of each middle bearing light target to the axis, recording the distance from each light target to a laser instrument, placing the center on the middle bearing base panel through a wood frame tool to adjust the target center on the tool to the axis, and then measuring the vertical distance LBO from the axis to each middle bearing base panel;
3. finding out a left and right direction central line of the middle bearing base, respectively measuring the left and right axial distances L from the central line of the base to the light target reference surface through the left and right sides, and recording and calculating the distance L1 between the center of each middle bearing base surface and the light target reference surface to be (L left + L right)/2;
4. hanging a perpendicular line through a target center of the light target by using the line plumb, taking the length as LBO, measuring the axial distance L2 from the perpendicular line to the reference surface of the light target, and recording correspondingly;
5. looking up the height difference H and the distance Lh of the fore target and the stern target by referring to the shafting pattern;
6. observing the inclination direction of the actual light target and the position of the light target relative to the middle bearing base, selecting one corresponding to the formula L-1 + (L2-L0) or L-1- (L2-L0) or L-1 + (L2+ L0) or L-1- (L2+ L0), and calculating the axial distance L from the real light target center to the middle bearing base center;
7. the distance of each light target is measured by a laser instrument, then the real distance of the center of each intermediate bearing relative to the output flange surface of the gear box is calculated by combining the distance L from the center of the light target to the center of the intermediate base at each intermediate bearing, the distance is compared with the theoretical distance to obtain the deviation value of the center of the intermediate bearing, and if the deviation exists, a regulating scheme (the position of a movable gasket or the position of a movable base panel and the like) is selected in a targeted mode to regulate the center of the intermediate bearing to the theoretical position.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with respect to the above embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or improvements based on the disclosure of the present invention may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these modifications and improvements are within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for correcting the position of a middle bearing of an inclined shaft system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, when the shaft system formal lighting condition meeting the process requirement is used for shaft system formal lighting, the position of the axis is found out through the bow target and the stern target at the stern part of the ship body through the laser instrument;
s2 adjusting the center of gravity of each intermediate bearing light target to the axis and recording the distance from each light target to the laser, placing the wooden frame on the panel of the intermediate bearing base, making the laser point of the axis fall on the wooden frame, and then measuring the vertical distance LBO from the axis to the panel of each intermediate bearing base;
s3 finding out the center line of the middle bearing pedestal in the left and right directions, respectively measuring the axial distance L from the pedestal center line to the light target reference plane through the left and right sides, and recording and calculating the distance L1 from the center of each middle bearing pedestal plane to the light target reference plane to be (L left + L right)/2;
s4 hanging a perpendicular line through the target center of the light target by the line plumb, taking the length as LBO, measuring the axial distance L2 from the perpendicular line to the reference surface of the light target, and recording correspondingly;
s5, searching the height difference H and the distance Lh between the fore target and the stern target according to the shafting pattern;
s6 observing the actual inclination direction of the light target and the position of the light target relative to the middle bearing base, and calculating the axial distance L from the center of the real light target to the center of the middle bearing base;
s7 calculating the real distance between the center of each intermediate bearing and the output flange of the gear box by measuring the distance of each light target by the laser instrument and combining the distance L between the center of each intermediate bearing and the center of the intermediate base, comparing the distance with the theoretical distance to obtain the deviation value of the center of the intermediate bearing, and selecting an adjusting scheme to adjust the center of the intermediate bearing to the theoretical position if the deviation exists.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the light target is observed to tilt backward and is located behind the base in s6, there is L1+ (L2-L0), wherein L0 is H/Lh LAD, and LAD is LBO.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the light target is observed to tilt backward and located in front of the base in s6, there is L1- (L2-L0), wherein L0 is H/Lh LAD, and LAD is LBO.
4. The tilting shaft system intermediate bearing position correction method as defined in claim 1, wherein when the light target is observed to tilt forward and located behind the base in s6, L1- (L2+ L0), wherein L0 is H/Lh LAD, and LAD is LBO.
5. The tilting shaft system intermediate bearing position correction method as defined in claim 1, wherein when the light target is observed to tilt forward and located in front of the base in s6, L1+ (L2+ L0), wherein L0 is H/Lh LAD and LAD is LBO.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the adjustment scheme comprises shifting a position of a shim or shifting a position of a base plate.
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| CN202111272025.3A CN114111569B (en) | 2021-10-29 | 2021-10-29 | Method for correcting position of middle bearing of inclined shafting |
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| CN202111272025.3A CN114111569B (en) | 2021-10-29 | 2021-10-29 | Method for correcting position of middle bearing of inclined shafting |
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