CN114111488A - Simple and efficient hole plugging device and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Simple and efficient hole plugging device and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114111488A CN114111488A CN202010877104.6A CN202010877104A CN114111488A CN 114111488 A CN114111488 A CN 114111488A CN 202010877104 A CN202010877104 A CN 202010877104A CN 114111488 A CN114111488 A CN 114111488A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- plug
- auxiliary
- hole
- plugging device
- blast hole
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009430 construction management Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003466 anti-cipated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
- F42D1/18—Plugs for boreholes
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/006—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries by making use of blasting methods
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a simple and efficient hole plugging device and a construction method thereof, wherein the device comprises a blast hole, an expansion substance, a detonating device, a buffer material, an auxiliary plugging device and a plugging object; the auxiliary blanking plug is characterized in that one end of the auxiliary blanking plug is a pointed end, the pointed end points to the blanking plug, and the auxiliary blanking plug can slide along a blast hole under the action of an expansion substance and then is inserted into the blanking plug to increase the friction force between the blanking plug and the blast hole; the buffer material is used for protecting the auxiliary plug from being damaged by the swelling substance; the initiating device is used for manufacturing initiating explosive packages. The device can improve the stifled hole quality, and the operating time of extension inflation material improves the degree of fragmentation of rock and the effective energy utilization of inflation material and utilizes, guarantees the tunnel blasting effect to improve the tunnel blasting tunnelling progress. In addition, the device and the construction method thereof are time-saving and labor-saving in practical application, simple and convenient to operate, beneficial to on-site construction management and remarkable in economic benefit and social benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engineering blasting, in particular to a simple and efficient hole plugging device and a construction method thereof.
Background
The drilling and blasting method has strong adaptability to geological conditions and low excavation cost, so the current tunnel mainly adopts the drilling and blasting method for tunneling. In the blasting process, materials such as stemming are often used for hole plugging, the hole plugging can enhance the blasting effect, and the effect is very important. However, tunnel blasting tunneling generally adopts small-diameter blast holes, the number of the blast holes on the tunnel face is as high as hundreds, and the blockage of the blast holes is a troublesome problem. The current big gun hole blocks up still through manual operation, takes a lot of work and time to block up the quality very poor again promptly, and the problem of punching a hole is serious, and explosive gas escapes too early, can not the broken rock effect of full play explosive, leads to tunnel blasting to reach anticipated effect, and explosive utilization ratio greatly reduced causes a large amount of overbreaks even, owers and explodes flyrock etc.. In addition, in order to save hole plugging time in part of tunnel blasting, 1-2 coils of explosive are additionally arranged in each blast hole directly without blocking, so that the noise is higher, the effective energy utilization rate of the explosive is lower, and the unit consumption of the explosive is higher.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a simple and efficient hole plugging device which can improve the hole plugging quality, prolong the action time of an expandable substance, improve the degree of fragmentation of rocks and the effective energy utilization rate of the expandable substance, ensure the tunnel blasting effect and further improve the tunnel blasting driving progress.
Another object of the invention is: the construction method of the simple and efficient hole plugging device is provided, the device and the construction method thereof are time-saving and labor-saving in practical application, are simple and convenient to operate, are beneficial to on-site construction management, and have remarkable economic and social benefits.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a simple and efficient hole plugging device is characterized by comprising a blast hole, an expansion substance, a detonating device, a buffer material, an auxiliary plugging device and a plugging object; the auxiliary blanking plug is characterized in that one end of the auxiliary blanking plug is a pointed end, the pointed end points to the blanking plug, and the auxiliary blanking plug can slide along a blast hole under the action of an expansion substance and then is inserted into the blanking plug to increase the friction force between the blanking plug and the blast hole; the buffer material is used for protecting the auxiliary plug from being damaged by the swelling substance; the initiating device is used for manufacturing initiating explosive packages.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the secondary obturator tip may be wedge-shaped, conical, etc., which may be retained at a distance from the obturator.
In a preferable scheme of the invention, the other end of the auxiliary blanking plug can be a cylinder, and the diameter of the cylinder is slightly smaller than the diameter of the blast hole.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the length of the auxiliary plug is not less than twice the diameter of the blast hole.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the auxiliary plug is solid or hollow, and the material of the auxiliary plug may be plastic, metal, or the like.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the plug is made by a stemming machine, the diameter of the plug is slightly smaller than the diameter of the blast hole, and the plug can be scattered under the impact of the auxiliary plug.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the buffer material may be water, air, stemming, and the minimum length of the buffer material in the blast hole is determined according to material properties.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the expansion material is an emulsion explosive, an ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive, a static breaker, or the like.
According to a preferable scheme of the invention, the initiating equipment is an electronic detonator, a detonating tube detonator, an electric heating rod and the like.
According to a preferable scheme of the invention, the blast holes can be blast holes in tunnel excavation blasting, bench blasting blast holes of surface mines and the like.
A construction method of a simple and efficient hole plugging device comprises the following steps:
(1) filling a blasting charge in the blast hole;
(2) filling an expansion substance into the blast hole;
(3) filling a buffer material into the blast hole;
(4) an auxiliary blanking plug is arranged in the blast hole and pushed to a corresponding position;
(5) and (4) loading a plug into the orifice of the blast hole.
The simple and efficient hole plugging device disclosed by the invention has the working principle that the auxiliary plugging device can slide along the blast hole in an accelerated manner under the action of the expansion substance and then is inserted into the plug, so that the diameter of the plug is increased, the friction force between the plug and the blast hole is increased, and the plug is prevented from being punched out of the blast hole.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the simple and efficient hole plugging device provided by the invention can prevent a plug from being punched out of a blast hole, prolong the action time of an expanding substance, improve the degree of fragmentation of rocks and the effective energy utilization rate of the expanding substance, and ensure the tunnel blasting effect, thereby improving the tunnel blasting driving progress;
2. the simple and efficient hole plugging device and the construction method thereof provided by the invention are time-saving and labor-saving in practical application, are simple and convenient to operate, are beneficial to on-site construction management, and have remarkable economic and social benefits.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a specific embodiment of the simple and efficient hole plugging device of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Referring to fig. 1, the simple and efficient hole plugging device is characterized by comprising a blast hole 1, an expansion substance 2, a detonating device 3, a buffer material 4, an auxiliary plug 5 and a plug 6; wherein, one end of the auxiliary plug 5 is a pointed end, the pointed end points to the plug 6, and the auxiliary plug can slide along the blast hole 1 under the action of the expansive substance 2 and then is inserted into the plug 6 to increase the friction force between the plug 6 and the blast hole 1; the buffer material 4 is used for protecting the auxiliary plug from being damaged by the swelling substance 2; the initiating explosive device 3 is used for manufacturing initiating explosive packages.
Referring to fig. 1, the tip of the secondary plug 5 may be wedge-shaped, conical, etc. at a distance of 30cm from the plug 6.
Referring to fig. 1, the other end of the auxiliary blanking plug 5 may be a cylinder with a diameter of 35mm, which is slightly smaller than the diameter of the blast hole (40 mm).
Referring to fig. 1, the length of the auxiliary plug 5 is 12 cm.
Referring to fig. 1, the auxiliary plug 5 is hollow and made of plastic.
Referring to fig. 1, the plug 6 is made of soil, can be manufactured by a stemming machine, can be dispersed under the impact of the auxiliary plug 5, and has a diameter of 35mm, which is slightly smaller than the diameter of a blast hole (40 mm).
Referring to fig. 1, the buffer material 4 is air, and the minimum length of the buffer material in the blast hole 1 is 50cm, namely, the distance between the auxiliary plug 5 and the swelling substance 2 is not less than 50 cm.
Referring to fig. 1, the expandable material 2 is an emulsion explosive with a diameter of 32 mm.
Referring to fig. 1, the initiating device 3 is a detonator.
Referring to fig. 1, the blast hole 1 is a blast hole with a diameter of 40mm in tunneling blasting.
Referring to fig. 1, the construction method of the simple and efficient hole plugging device in the embodiment includes the following steps:
(1) filling a detonating device 3 into the blast hole 1;
(2) filling an expansion substance 2 into the blast hole 1;
(3) filling a buffer material 4 into the blast hole 1;
(4) an auxiliary blanking plug 5 is arranged in the blast hole 1 and pushed to a corresponding position;
(5) the orifice of the blast hole 1 is filled with a plug 6.
Referring to fig. 1, the working principle of the simple and efficient hole plugging device of the present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings:
the simple and efficient hole plugging device of the invention utilizes the auxiliary plugging device 5 to accelerate and slide along the blast hole 1 under the action of the expanding substance 2 and further insert into the plug 6, so that the diameter of the plug 6 is increased, the friction force between the plug 6 and the blast hole 1 is increased, and the plug 6 is prevented from being punched out of the blast hole 1.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents and are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. A simple and efficient hole plugging device is characterized by comprising a blast hole, an expansion substance, a detonating device, a buffer material, an auxiliary plugging device and a plugging object; the auxiliary blanking plug is characterized in that one end of the auxiliary blanking plug is a pointed end, the pointed end points to the blanking plug, and the auxiliary blanking plug can slide along a blast hole under the action of an expansion substance and then is inserted into the blanking plug to increase the friction force between the blanking plug and the blast hole; the buffer material is used for protecting the auxiliary plug from being damaged by the swelling substance; the initiating device is used for manufacturing initiating explosive packages.
2. The simple and efficient plugging device according to claim 1, wherein said auxiliary plugging tip can be wedge-shaped, conical, and can be kept at a distance from said plugging object.
3. The simple and efficient hole plugging device according to claim 1, wherein the other end of the auxiliary plug is a cylinder, and the diameter of the cylinder is slightly smaller than that of the blast hole.
4. The simple and efficient hole plugging device according to claim 1, wherein the length of the auxiliary blanking plug is not less than twice the diameter of the blast hole.
5. The simple and efficient hole plugging device according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary plug is solid or hollow, and the material of the auxiliary plug can be plastic or metal.
6. The simple and efficient hole plugging device according to claim 1, wherein the plug is made by a stemming machine, has a diameter slightly smaller than the diameter of the blast hole, and can be dispersed under the impact of the auxiliary plug.
7. The simple and efficient hole plugging device according to claim 1, wherein the buffer material can be water, air or stemming, and the minimum length of the buffer material in the blast hole is determined according to material properties.
8. The simple and efficient hole plugging device according to claim 1, wherein the expansion substance is emulsion explosive, ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive or static breaking agent.
9. The simple and efficient hole plugging device according to claim 1, wherein the initiating device is an electronic detonator, a detonator with a detonating tube or an electric heating rod.
10. The simple and efficient hole plugging device according to claim 1, wherein the blast holes can be blast holes in tunneling blasting and blast holes in bench blasting of surface mines.
11. A construction method for applying the simple and efficient hole plugging device of claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) filling a blasting charge in the blast hole;
(2) filling an expansion substance into the blast hole;
(3) filling a buffer material into the blast hole;
(4) an auxiliary blanking plug is arranged in the blast hole and pushed to a corresponding position;
(5) and (4) loading a plug into the orifice of the blast hole.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010877104.6A CN114111488A (en) | 2020-08-27 | 2020-08-27 | Simple and efficient hole plugging device and construction method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010877104.6A CN114111488A (en) | 2020-08-27 | 2020-08-27 | Simple and efficient hole plugging device and construction method thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114111488A true CN114111488A (en) | 2022-03-01 |
Family
ID=80374607
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010877104.6A Pending CN114111488A (en) | 2020-08-27 | 2020-08-27 | Simple and efficient hole plugging device and construction method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114111488A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115235309A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-10-25 | 东北大学 | Self-expansion filling body for blast hole plugging and preparation and construction method thereof |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104374239A (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2015-02-25 | 葛洲坝易普力股份有限公司 | Blast hole explosion blocking method |
| CN104897015A (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2015-09-09 | 中国科学技术大学 | Hole filling method by blasting |
| CN105865278A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2016-08-17 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Tamping plug for blasting engineering |
| WO2018102858A1 (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2018-06-14 | Rise Mining Developments Pty Ltd | Improved stemming plugs |
| CN109186389A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-01-11 | 武汉大学 | A kind of blasthole blocking up method |
| CN212778921U (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2021-03-23 | 西南科技大学 | Simple and convenient high-efficient stifled hole device |
-
2020
- 2020-08-27 CN CN202010877104.6A patent/CN114111488A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104374239A (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2015-02-25 | 葛洲坝易普力股份有限公司 | Blast hole explosion blocking method |
| CN104897015A (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2015-09-09 | 中国科学技术大学 | Hole filling method by blasting |
| CN105865278A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2016-08-17 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Tamping plug for blasting engineering |
| WO2018102858A1 (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2018-06-14 | Rise Mining Developments Pty Ltd | Improved stemming plugs |
| CN109186389A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-01-11 | 武汉大学 | A kind of blasthole blocking up method |
| CN212778921U (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2021-03-23 | 西南科技大学 | Simple and convenient high-efficient stifled hole device |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115235309A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-10-25 | 东北大学 | Self-expansion filling body for blast hole plugging and preparation and construction method thereof |
| CN115235309B (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2023-09-01 | 东北大学 | Self-expansion filling body for blast hole blocking and preparation and construction methods thereof |
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