CN114109727B - Methanol hydrogen energy distributed energy system - Google Patents
Methanol hydrogen energy distributed energy system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114109727B CN114109727B CN202111414273.7A CN202111414273A CN114109727B CN 114109727 B CN114109727 B CN 114109727B CN 202111414273 A CN202111414273 A CN 202111414273A CN 114109727 B CN114109727 B CN 114109727B
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- methanol
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 130
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 130
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- GBMDVOWEEQVZKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanol;hydrate Chemical compound O.OC GBMDVOWEEQVZKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004523 catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001651 catalytic steam reforming of methanol Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006057 reforming reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
- F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D13/00—Electric heating systems
- F24D13/04—Electric heating systems using electric heating of heat-transfer fluid in separate units of the system
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
- F24D2200/08—Electric heater
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a methanol hydrogen energy distributed energy system, which comprises: the hydrogen-rich generating device is used for enabling the methanol water to generate hydrogen-rich gas, and the hydrogen-rich gas is combusted to provide power generation heat energy; a variable renewable energy device; the heat supply device comprises a heat conduction pipe, a heat conduction medium is circulated in the heat conduction pipe, the heat conduction medium can convey heat to the hydrogen-rich generating device according to a preset conveying path, and the heat conduction medium can absorb the heat of the variable renewable energy device in the heat supply device. The invention skillfully stores unstable light and wind energy into the heat-conducting medium, and reasonably controls the conveying route of the heat-conducting medium so that the heat-conducting medium can always provide the heat required by the hydrogen-rich generating device, thereby enabling the hydrogen-rich generating device to start smoothly or react smoothly to generate hydrogen-rich gas. Therefore, the energy consumption of the methanol-hydrogen energy distributed energy equipment is reduced, and the cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of distributed energy systems, in particular to a methanol hydrogen energy distributed energy system.
Background
The distributed energy system is that the energy system is arranged at a user end to meet the requirements of users on energy sources such as electricity, heat, cold energy and the like. Compared with the centralized power grid power supply, the distributed energy system can improve the energy utilization rate, ensure the power supply safety, can supply energy according to the requirement and has a flexible energy utilization mode. Therefore, the distributed energy system becomes an important development direction of the global power industry and the energy industry.
In the methanol-hydrogen energy distributed energy system, methanol and water are facilitated to react to generate hydrogen-rich gas, and then the hydrogen-rich gas is introduced into a hydrogen-rich heat engine to be combusted, so that a generator is driven to generate electricity. However, in the existing distributed energy system of methanol-hydrogen energy, a large amount of heat is required when generating hydrogen-rich gas, and the source of the heat causes energy consumption, thereby increasing the cost of the distributed energy system of methanol-hydrogen energy.
Therefore, how to reduce the energy consumption of the methanol-to-hydrogen distributed energy system, thereby reducing the cost of the methanol-to-hydrogen distributed energy system is a problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a methanol-to-hydrogen energy distributed energy system that can reduce energy consumption, thereby reducing the cost of the methanol-to-hydrogen energy distributed energy system.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
A methanol hydrogen energy distributed energy system comprising:
the hydrogen-rich generating device is used for enabling the methanol water to generate hydrogen-rich gas, and the hydrogen-rich gas is combusted to provide power generation heat energy;
A variable renewable energy device;
The heat supply device comprises a heat conduction pipe, a heat conduction medium is circulated in the heat conduction pipe, the heat conduction medium can convey heat to the hydrogen-rich generating device according to a preset conveying path, and the heat conduction medium can absorb the heat of the variable renewable energy device in the heat supply device.
Preferably, the variable renewable energy device is a photovoltaic device, and/or a wind energy device; an electric heating wire is arranged in the heat supply device and is connected with the photovoltaic device and/or the wind energy device through a wire.
Preferably, the hydrogen-rich generating apparatus includes an evaporator for vaporizing the aqueous methanol solution and a reformer for generating the hydrogen-rich gas from the vaporized aqueous methanol solution.
Preferably, the heat conducting pipe comprises a first heat conducting pipe and a second heat conducting pipe, the first heat conducting pipe is sequentially communicated with the heat supply device, the reformer, the evaporator and the heat supply device, and the second heat conducting pipe is used for communicating with the heat supply device, the evaporator and the heat supply device;
if the temperature of the heat conducting medium is greater than the set upper limit temperature value, the first heat conducting pipe is cut off, and the second heat conducting pipe is conducted; and if the temperature of the heat conducting medium is less than or equal to the set upper limit temperature value, the first heat conducting pipe is conducted, and the second heat conducting pipe is cut off.
Preferably, the method further comprises:
a hydrogen-rich heat engine for receiving the hydrogen-rich gas and combusting the hydrogen-rich gas;
The tail gas pipe is used for conveying tail gas generated by the hydrogen-rich heat engine, the tail gas pipe is sequentially connected with the hydrogen-rich heat engine, the reformer, the evaporator and the heat supply device, and the heat conduction medium can absorb heat of the tail gas in the heat supply device.
Preferably, a catalytic reduction device is further arranged between the evaporator and the heating device along the conveying direction of the tail gas, and a nitrogen oxide reduction catalyst is arranged in the catalytic reduction device.
Preferably, during normal operation, if the tail gas is capable of providing reforming heat to the reformer, the first heat transfer pipe and the second heat transfer pipe are cut off; if the exhaust gas is not capable of providing reforming heat to the reformer, the first heat conduction pipe is conducted, or the second heat conduction pipe is conducted.
Preferably, the variable renewable energy device and the hydrogen-rich heat engine can both supply power to electric equipment, and the variable renewable energy device and the hydrogen-rich heat engine are arranged in parallel.
Preferably, the electric equipment is a storage battery.
Preferably, the heat conduction pipe further includes a third heat conduction pipe for connecting the heating device, the air conditioning apparatus, and the heating device.
From the technical scheme, the following can be seen: variable energy sources such as light energy or wind energy have instability. The invention skillfully stores unstable light and wind energy into the heat-conducting medium, and reasonably controls the conveying route of the heat-conducting medium so that the heat-conducting medium can always provide the heat required by the hydrogen-rich generating device, thereby enabling the hydrogen-rich generating device to start smoothly or react smoothly to generate hydrogen-rich gas.
In the invention, heat is provided for the hydrogen-rich generating device by renewable energy sources so as to ensure that the hydrogen-rich generating device is started or reacts smoothly. Therefore, the energy consumption of the methanol-hydrogen energy distributed energy equipment is reduced, and the cost is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a distributed energy system for methanol-to-hydrogen energy according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the methanol-to-hydrogen energy distributed energy system according to the embodiment of the present invention when the methanol-to-hydrogen energy distributed energy system is applied in a 5G communication base station.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the invention discloses a methanol-hydrogen energy distributed energy system, which can reduce energy consumption, thereby reducing the cost of the methanol-hydrogen energy distributed energy system.
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a methanol hydrogen energy distributed energy system, which comprises the following components: hydrogen-rich generating device, variable renewable energy device and heating device. Wherein the hydrogen-rich generating device is used for generating hydrogen-rich gas by methanol and water. The hydrogen-rich gas is the product after complete conversion or incomplete conversion of methanol and water, and contains hydrogen, carbon dioxide and methanol. The variable renewable energy device refers to a device capable of collecting variable renewable energy. The variable renewable energy sources comprise energy sources such as light energy, wind energy and the like.
The heat supply device comprises a heat conduction pipe, and a heat conduction medium circulates in the heat conduction pipe. When the heat conducting pipe passes through the hydrogen-rich generating device, the heat conducting medium in the heat conducting pipe transfers heat to the hydrogen-rich generating device so that the hydrogen-rich generating device obtains starting heat or reaction heat. The variable renewable energy device is capable of providing heat to the heat transfer medium.
Variable energy sources such as light energy or wind energy have instability. The invention skillfully stores unstable light and wind energy into the heat-conducting medium, and reasonably controls the conveying route of the heat-conducting medium so that the heat-conducting medium can always provide the heat required by the hydrogen-rich generating device, thereby enabling the hydrogen-rich generating device to start smoothly or react smoothly to generate hydrogen-rich gas.
In the invention, heat is provided for the hydrogen-rich generating device by renewable energy sources so as to ensure that the hydrogen-rich generating device is started or reacts smoothly. Therefore, the energy consumption of the methanol-hydrogen energy distributed energy equipment is reduced, and the cost is reduced.
The heat conducting medium may be water or heat conducting oil, which is not limited herein.
The variable renewable energy device is a photovoltaic device, and/or a wind energy device. The heat conducting medium obtains the variable renewable energy source in the following modes: an electric heating wire is arranged in the heat supply device and is used for heating the heat conducting medium. The electric heating wire is connected with the photovoltaic device and/or the wind energy device through a wire.
The hydrogen-rich generating device specifically comprises an evaporator and a reformer. The evaporator is used for vaporizing the aqueous methanol solution, and the reformer is used for generating hydrogen-rich gas from the vaporized aqueous methanol solution.
The vaporized methanol water can generate hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the reformer through a catalytic cracking reaction (R1), so that the hydrogen is released; in the presence of water, the carbon monoxide can further react with the water in a water vapor shift reaction (R2) to release hydrogen and carbon dioxide; the overall reaction is called methanol steam reforming (R3), and the generated gas is called hydrogen-rich gas, and the chemical reaction formula is as follows:
R1:ΔH＝90.2kJ mol-1
R2:ΔH＝-41.2kJ mol-1
R3:ΔH＝49.7kJ mol-1
The methanol-to-hydrogen energy distributed energy device provided by the embodiment uses methanol as a raw material, and compared with a distributed energy system which uses hydrogen as a hydrogen energy raw material in the prior art, the storage and transportation of the methanol raw material can be completed at normal temperature and normal pressure without high-cost and high-energy consumption treatment processes such as compression, liquefaction and the like, and the pipeline transportation is avoided, so that the cost is reduced, the hydrogen embrittlement phenomenon is avoided, and the explosion risk is avoided in the storage and transportation processes.
In addition, the methanol hydrogen energy distributed energy device provided by the embodiment of the invention converts hydrogen energy into electric energy by utilizing the hydrogen-rich heat engine matched with the generator, a fuel cell is not needed, the purification treatment of hydrogen-rich gas is not needed, noble metal is not needed as an electrode material, the cost can be reduced, and the hydrogen-rich heat engine can not be poisoned due to impurities contained in the hydrogen-rich gas, so that the service life is long.
The heat pipe is described as follows: the heat conduction pipe comprises a first heat conduction pipe and a second heat conduction pipe. The first heat conduction pipe is sequentially communicated with the heat supply device, the reformer, the evaporator and the heat supply device. The heat conducting medium in the first heat conducting pipe absorbs heat in the heat supply device, then sequentially transfers heat to the reformer and the evaporator, and then returns to the heat supply device. The second heat conduction pipe is sequentially communicated with the heat supply device, the evaporator and the heat supply device. The heat conducting medium in the second heat conducting pipe absorbs heat in the heat supply device, then the heat is transferred to the evaporator, and finally the heat conducting medium returns to the heat supply device.
The methanol water needs to undergo reforming reaction under the action of a reforming catalyst, and the temperature of the reforming catalyst is 200-300 ℃, if the temperature is too high, the reforming catalyst can be aged. The upper limit value of the temperature is not critical for the evaporation in the evaporator. If the temperature of the heat transfer medium is too high and exceeds the set upper limit temperature value, the first heat transfer tube is turned off while the second heat transfer tube is turned on. That is, when the temperature of the heat transfer medium exceeds the set upper limit value, the heat transfer medium preferentially transfers heat to the evaporator, and after heat exchange with the evaporator, if the temperature falls below the set upper limit temperature value, the second heat transfer pipe is turned off, and the first heat transfer pipe is opened.
Since the evaporation heat required for the evaporator is lower than the reforming heat in the reformer, when the temperature of the heat transfer medium is equal to or lower than the set upper limit temperature value, heat exchange with the reformer is prioritized, and then heat exchange with the evaporator is performed. The invention limits the upper limit temperature to about 380 ℃.
In addition, when the first heat conduction pipe is closed and the second heat conduction pipe is opened, methanol water is evaporated into steam in the evaporator. The methanol vapor can enter the hydrogen-rich heat engine through the reformer to burn, so that the methanol hydrogen energy distributed energy system is started. The reformer at this time is basically equivalent to a communication passage for communicating the evaporator and the hydrogen-rich heat engine.
The following describes the heat utilization mode of the tail gas of the hydrogen-rich heat engine: the methanol hydrogen energy distributed energy system also comprises a hydrogen-rich heat engine and a tail gas pipe. The hydrogen-rich heat engine is used for receiving the hydrogen-rich gas generated by the hydrogen-rich generating device and combusting the hydrogen-rich gas to generate heat energy, and the heat energy enters the generator to drive the generator to generate electricity. The tail gas pipe is used for conveying tail gas generated by the hydrogen-rich heat engine. The tail gas pipe is sequentially connected with a hydrogen-rich heat engine, a reformer, an evaporator and a heating device.
The tail gas generated by the hydrogen-rich heat engine has higher temperature, and if the tail gas is directly discharged, the waste of heat energy can be caused. The embodiment enables the tail gas to exchange heat with the reformer, the evaporator and the heating device in sequence. The tail gas provides reaction heat for the reformer, evaporation heat for the evaporator, and a heat conducting medium absorbs waste heat in the tail gas in the heat supply device.
In this embodiment, a catalytic reduction device is further disposed between the evaporator and the heating device, and a nitrogen oxide reduction catalyst is disposed in the catalytic reduction device. The reason for disposing the catalytic reduction device between the evaporator and the heat supply device is as follows: applicants have found that the temperature of the tail gas exiting the hydrogen-rich heat engine is about 400 ℃ to 600 ℃. After passing through the reformer and the evaporator, the temperature of the tail gas is reduced to 80-200 ℃. In the temperature range of 80-200 ℃, the catalyst is just suitable for the reduction reaction of tail gas. The tail gas enters the catalytic reduction device for reduction reaction, then enters the heat supply device, is further absorbed by the heat conducting medium, and finally is discharged into the atmosphere.
In the prior art, the exhaust gas is subjected to a reduction reaction in advance to purify the exhaust gas. However, the reduction reaction is an endothermic reaction, which results in a decrease in the temperature of the exhaust gas. In this embodiment, the exhaust gas can provide the reaction heat of the reformer and the evaporation heat of the evaporator, and the temperature of the exhaust gas can be reduced to a temperature range suitable for performing the reduction reaction after passing through the reformer and the evaporator. The present embodiment not only sufficiently absorbs the heat in the exhaust gas, but also ensures that the reduction reaction proceeds in a suitable temperature interval.
In the prior art, urea is injected into the exhaust gas, and the exhaust gas is changed into clean exhaust gas without pollution under the action of a three-way catalyst. The applicant found that: the invention burns methanol, the tail gas has no sulfur, but has more nitrogen oxides. And the tail gas contains methanol and hydrogen which are not combusted, and the methanol and the hydrogen can reduce nitrogen in the tail gas. Therefore, urea does not need to be injected into the tail gas, so that urea equipment is omitted, and the cost is reduced. In this embodiment, methanol and hydrogen in the exhaust gas reduce nitrogen in the exhaust gas at a suitable temperature and under the action of the nitrogen oxide reduction catalyst.
During normal operation, the tail gas generated by the hydrogen-rich heat engine can basically provide reforming heat for the reformer and evaporation heat for the evaporator. If the fuel combustion condition in the hydrogen-rich heat engine is poor and the heat of the tail gas is insufficient, the heating device is started to conduct the first heat conduction pipe or the second heat conduction pipe. If the fuel combustion condition in the hydrogen-rich heat engine is good, the heat of the tail gas is enough, and the first heat conduction pipe and the second heat conduction pipe are cut off.
During the start-up phase no off-gas is produced, so a heating device is required to provide the start-up heat. If the temperature of the heat conducting medium exceeds the set upper limit temperature value, the heat conducting medium exchanges heat before the evaporator through the second heat conducting pipe, after the temperature value of the heat conducting medium is reduced below the set upper limit temperature value, the first heat conducting pipe is conducted, the heat conducting medium sequentially flows through the reformer and the evaporator, reaction heat is provided for the reformer, evaporation heat is provided for the evaporator, and therefore the system is started. After start-up, both the first and second heat pipes are turned off if the tail gas is able to provide the required heat for the reformer and evaporator. After start-up, if the exhaust gas is not able to provide the necessary heat for the reformer and the evaporator, the first heat conducting pipe is selectively conducted or the second heat conducting pipe is conducted according to the temperature condition of the heat conducting medium.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned methanol-to-hydrogen energy distributed energy device further includes a methanol tank and a water storage tank, where the methanol tank and the water storage tank are respectively connected with the mixer. When the methanol water mixing device is applied, methanol in the methanol tank is conveyed to the mixer, and water in the water storage tank is conveyed to the mixer, so that the methanol and the water can be mixed, and methanol water is formed. Methanol water is pumped into the evaporator by a pump.
From the above description it is evident that the variable renewable energy device is able to heat a heat transfer medium by means of an electric heating wire. In addition, the variable renewable energy device is capable of providing electrical energy when the energy source in the variable renewable energy device is in a steady state. For this purpose, the invention provides for the variable renewable energy device to be arranged in parallel with the hydrogen-rich heat engine. If the variable renewable energy source is stable, for example, the illumination is sufficient, and the wind power is high, the electric equipment can be powered by the variable renewable energy source device. The hydrogen-rich heat engine is in a stopped state at this time. And when the variable renewable energy source is unstable, the hydrogen-rich heat engine is started to supply power. Thus, energy is saved.
It should be noted that, the electric equipment is a storage battery.
The heat supply device not only supplies heat for the hydrogen-rich generating device, but also supplies heat energy for external air conditioning equipment. The heat pipe includes a third heat pipe in addition to the first heat pipe and the second heat pipe. The third heat conduction pipe is sequentially connected with a heating device, air conditioning equipment and the heating device.
It should be noted that, the heat energy provided by the heat conducting medium is matched with the lithium bromide heat pump refrigerating unit to provide cold energy for the air conditioner.
The application of the methanol-to-hydrogen energy distributed energy system in the 5G communication base station is described as follows: the wind energy device comprises a wind energy collection device, and the photovoltaic device comprises a solar energy collection device. The wind energy collecting device and the solar energy collecting device are arranged beside the outdoor signal tower and the base station communication machine room, and are preferably arranged on the roof of the base station communication machine room, the outer wall of the outdoor signal tower and the like. Photovoltaic devices and wind energy devices supply the generated electrical energy to the storage battery of the base station to support the electricity requirements of the communication equipment and the outdoor signal tower. The photovoltaic device and the wind energy device are connected with the heat supply device and are used for providing heat energy for the heat supply device and providing heat energy and cold energy for the air conditioner, so that heating and refrigerating of the machine room are realized.
When wind energy and solar energy can not provide energy for the system, the heat conducting medium in the heat supply device provides reaction heat and evaporation heat for the reforming reactor and the evaporator so as to start the methanol-hydrogen energy distributed energy system.
After the methanol-hydrogen energy distributed energy system is started, methanol in the methanol tank and water in the water storage tank are mixed in the mixer to form an alcohol water solution, the alcohol water solution is pumped to the evaporator, and the evaporated alcohol water solution enters the reforming reactor to generate hydrogen-rich gas. The hydrogen-rich gas is burnt in the hydrogen-rich heat engine to do work so as to enable the generator to generate electricity. The electric energy output by the generator is continuously supplied to a storage battery in a base station communication machine room so as to support the electricity consumption requirements of communication equipment, outdoor signal towers and other equipment. The heat supply device provides energy for the air conditioner by recovering tail gas energy and absorbing energy sources of the wind energy device and the photovoltaic device, so that heating and refrigerating of a machine room are realized.
In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (7)
1. A methanol hydrogen energy distributed energy system, comprising:
the hydrogen-rich generating device is used for enabling the methanol water to generate hydrogen-rich gas, and the hydrogen-rich gas is combusted to provide power generation heat energy;
A variable renewable energy device;
The heat supply device comprises a heat conduction pipe, a heat conduction medium is circulated in the heat conduction pipe, the heat conduction medium can convey heat to the hydrogen-rich generating device according to a preset conveying path, and the heat conduction medium can absorb the heat of the variable renewable energy device in the heat supply device;
The hydrogen-rich generating device comprises an evaporator and a reformer, wherein the evaporator is used for vaporizing the methanol water solution, and the reformer is used for generating the hydrogen-rich gas from the vaporized methanol water;
the heat conduction pipe comprises a first heat conduction pipe and a second heat conduction pipe, the first heat conduction pipe is sequentially communicated with the heat supply device, the reformer, the evaporator and the heat supply device, and the second heat conduction pipe is used for being communicated with the heat supply device, the evaporator and the heat supply device;
if the temperature of the heat conducting medium is greater than the set upper limit temperature value, the first heat conducting pipe is cut off, and the second heat conducting pipe is conducted; if the temperature of the heat conducting medium is smaller than or equal to the set upper limit temperature value, the first heat conducting pipe is conducted, and the second heat conducting pipe is cut off;
in the normal operation process, if the tail gas can provide reforming heat for the reformer, the first heat conduction pipe and the second heat conduction pipe are cut off; if the exhaust gas is not capable of providing reforming heat to the reformer, the first heat conduction pipe is conducted, or the second heat conduction pipe is conducted.
2. The methanol to hydrogen energy distributed energy system of claim 1 wherein the variable renewable energy device is a photovoltaic device, and/or a wind energy device; an electric heating wire is arranged in the heat supply device and is connected with the photovoltaic device and/or the wind energy device through a wire.
3. The methanol to hydrogen energy distributed energy system of claim 1 further comprising:
a hydrogen-rich heat engine for receiving the hydrogen-rich gas and combusting the hydrogen-rich gas;
The tail gas pipe is used for conveying tail gas generated by the hydrogen-rich heat engine, the tail gas pipe is sequentially connected with the hydrogen-rich heat engine, the reformer, the evaporator and the heat supply device, and the heat conduction medium can absorb heat of the tail gas in the heat supply device.
4. A methanol to hydrogen energy distributed energy system as in claim 3, wherein a catalytic reduction device is further disposed between the evaporator and the heating device along the transport direction of the tail gas, and a nitrogen oxide reduction catalyst is disposed in the catalytic reduction device.
5. The methanol to hydrogen energy distributed energy system of claim 3 wherein the variable renewable energy device and the hydrogen-rich heat engine are both capable of powering electrical consumers and the variable renewable energy device and the hydrogen-rich heat engine are disposed in parallel.
6. The methanol to hydrogen energy distributed energy system of claim 5 wherein the powered device is a battery.
7. The methanol to hydrogen energy distributed energy system of claim 1 wherein the heat pipe further comprises a third heat pipe for connecting the heating device, air conditioning equipment, and the heating device.
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