CN114109062A

CN114109062A - Construction method for preventing water inside outer wall

Info

Publication number: CN114109062A
Application number: CN202111303742.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 覃翊; 韦昌革; 邓健松; 谢振; 农献
Original assignee: Guangxi Ningtie Real Estate Development Co ltd
Current assignee: Guangxi Ningtie Real Estate Development Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-11-05
Filing date: 2021-11-05
Publication date: 2022-03-01

Abstract

A method for constructing the water-proof external wall features that the water-proof construction on the external vertical surface of external wall is changed to the construction on the internal vertical surface of external wall. Leveling the base layer of the inner vertical surface of the outer wall, and spraying or brushing a back cover primer on the treated base layer twice; and (3) performing waterproof paint spraying construction on the same treated day, fully brushing two matched bottom sealing primers on the concrete or cement mortar base layer, wherein the brushing directions of the two primers are mutually vertical. The method has the advantages that the scaffold does not need to be erected and dismantled, and the tower crane or the crane is not needed for auxiliary transportation, so that the construction cost is reduced, and the construction time is shortened; constructors operate indoors during the whole construction period, and potential safety hazards of the existing construction method are eliminated. The construction method for the external wall internal water prevention can ensure the due water prevention construction effect, reduce the construction cost and shorten the construction period, and is a safe and efficient construction method.

Description

Construction method for preventing water inside outer wall

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of construction engineering construction, in particular to a construction method for preventing water in an outer wall.

Background

At present, the outer wall waterproof construction of building engineering is carried out on the outer vertical surface of the outer wall of the whole building, an outer scaffold needs to be erected along the outer wall of the building before construction, then a tower crane or other hoisting and transporting equipment needs to be assisted, a safety net needs to be hung, and a safety channel needs to be erected if a channel is arranged at a position adjacent to the construction position. During construction, constructors need to go to the outer scaffold for operation, and construction materials also need to be temporarily stacked on the scaffold boards. Although the safety net is hung, a plurality of potential safety hazards still exist in the whole construction process, and the investment of adopting the waterproof construction of the outer facade of the outer wall is large, the number of auxiliary devices is large, and the construction period is long.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an internal waterproof construction method for an external wall, which solves the problems of potential safety hazard during the construction of the external wall on an external vertical surface, reduces the construction cost, shortens the construction period and the like.

The technical scheme disclosed by the invention is as follows:

a construction method for preventing water in an outer wall comprises the following steps:

(1) removing the base layer: inspecting the base layer of the inner vertical surface of the outer wall, and removing the decorative material and other pollutants remained on the base layer; repairing and flattening air holes, honeycombs, gaps and sand-raising holes on the surface of the base layer of the inner facade of the outer wall; spraying or brushing a bottom sealing primer on the base layer of the inner vertical surface of the outer wall twice; carrying out reinforcing layer or additional layer construction on repaired complex parts including cracks, gaps, cavities and holes, as well as internal and external corners and embedded part wall penetrating pipes;

(2) spraying or brushing a waterproof material:

1) spraying the waterproof paint on the surface of the treated base layer within the same day, wherein the spraying of the waterproof paint is carried out before visible rust and pollutants appear; if rust or pollutants appear after sand blasting, the surface of the base layer is retreated before waterproof paint spraying construction;

2) the concrete or cement mortar base layer is coated with a primer, and a damp-proof primer is used for a damp base layer;

3) fully brushing two matched back-cover priming paints on a concrete or cement mortar base layer, drying the first paint, brushing the second paint, wherein the brushing directions are mutually vertical, and the coating weight is 0.5-0.8 kg/m²；

4) After finishing coating the primer, spraying waterproof layer paint within 48 hours;

5) uniformly spraying the primer on the surface of the base layer by adopting spraying equipment, or brushing and rolling to coat the primer on the surface of the base layer without missing coating or accumulation;

6) performing large-surface waterproof coating waterproof layer construction within 12h after the additional layer construction, if the construction time exceeds 12h, polishing the additional layer, brushing or spraying an interlayer adhesive, and performing large-surface spraying construction after 2 h;

7) when spraying, the spray gun moves at the speed of 0.3-0.7m/s, the thickness of the primary spraying coating is 0.5-1.0mm, and the waterproof coating is sprayed along with the spraying;

8) the waterproof coating is coated to the designed thickness in multiple times, a front-back two-time spraying process is adopted, the front-back two-time spraying construction does not need time intervals, the spraying directions are mutually vertical, and the uniform thickness of the coating, no bubbles, no sand holes, no flowing, no leaking spraying, no accumulation and smooth surface are ensured;

9) the coating films of the corners and the vertical surfaces are coated for many times in a thin way, so that the phenomena of flowing and accumulation are avoided;

10) the thickness of the coating is preferably 1.5-2.0 mm, and the coating is independently used as a waterproof layer or is compounded with a cement-based permeable crystallization type waterproof coating for use.

Preferably, in the step (1) of removing the base layer, the manner of removing the decorative material on the base layer of the inner facade of the outer wall is as follows: after the cleaning, cement mortar or a concrete base layer of the inner vertical surface needs to be seen, and if necessary, high-pressure water guns or dust collectors are used for cleaning the mortar, oil stains, dust and the like of the base layer; if the outer wall inner vertical surface base layer has the defects of air holes, honeycombs, gaps, sand rise and looseness, all loose impurities are washed away by water until the hard base layer is seen, and the air holes, the honeycombs and the gaps are repaired and leveled by caulking materials; after the caulking material is cured, grinding the caulking material by a hand-held grinding wheel machine to ensure that the waterproof base layer is firm and flat; the base layer of waterproof construction should be firm, the base plane should be clean, level, there is not empty bulging, not hard up, the defect of sand-forming, desquamation.

As a preferred scheme, the defects of cracks, cavities and holes are respectively treated according to the difference of the width of the cracks, the sizes of the cavities and the sizes of the holes; when the width of the crack is less than 3mm and the structural strength is not affected, the surface is cleaned, and then the waterproof material is directly sprayed; and if the width of the crack is larger than 3mm or the strength of the concrete is affected, structural reinforcement treatment is carried out according to the design requirement, and waterproof paint spraying construction is carried out after the crack is qualified.

As a preferred scheme, in the step (1) of removing the base layer, a new concrete base layer with slight impurities is cleaned firstly, and then is subjected to acid etching by using a 10% hydrochloric acid solution; then, a large amount of fresh water is used for washing, so that no cleaning liquid trace is left on the surface; acid etching or abrasive blasting is used for smooth concrete surfaces and steel surfaces which are removed cleanly to ensure that the surface roughness reaches 5 to 8 mils.

As a preferred scheme, in the step (1) of removing the base layer, when the base layer of the inner facade of the outer wall has water leakage, a leakage point is found out firstly, and the waterproof coating spraying construction is carried out after the leakage stoppage and the reinforcement are carried out by using the leakage stoppage material.

Preferably, in the step (1) of removing the base layer, the surface cleanliness of the treated base layer is required to be higher than Sa2.5 grade or meet the requirement of metal white Sa3, and phenomena of burrs, cracks, unevenness, oil stains and paint are avoided.

Preferably, in the step (2) of spraying or painting the waterproof material, the construction of the reinforcing layer is carried out on the internal and external corners of the structure, the root of the wall penetrating pipe and the complex part of the construction joint, 1-2 times of waterproof paint is pre-sprayed on the part needing to be reinforced to serve as the reinforcing layer, or the spraying times are increased during large-surface construction, the thickness is not less than 0.5mm, the width is not less than 250mm, and the part of the internal and external corners of the structure is preferably processed into an arc shape.

As a preferred scheme, the treatment method for the construction and the reserved hole comprises the following steps:

(1) the construction hole is tightly filled, the filled surface layer is kept flat with the surrounding wall surface, has no sharp bulge and meets the base layer requirement of spraying waterproof construction, and continuous spraying is needed when spraying construction is carried out at the position, and the spraying is carried out for many times;

(2) the spraying waterproof layer of the preformed hole opening is closed and can be left in the hole, and waterproof paint is adopted for spraying for multiple times.

As a preferred scheme, the method for processing the periphery of the window comprises the following steps: the sprayed waterproof layer around the window is directly sprayed to the edge of the wall window frame, the window frame can be covered if necessary, and the head-closing treatment is carried out by spraying for many times and sealing.

As the preferred scheme, when the waterproof layer that sprays appears accidental damage, can carry out local repair with the repair material, specifically:

(1) polishing the surface to be repaired, wherein the edge of the surface to be repaired is not less than 150mm larger than the surface to be repaired;

(2) constructing an interlayer adhesive;

(3) constructing a mending material on the polished part, and paying attention to the smooth transition of the coating of the mending material to the surrounding coating;

(4) and constructing a finish paint matched with the special application part.

The invention has the advantages that the whole construction process is carried out indoors, scaffolds, safety channels and auxiliary transportation equipment such as tower cranes, cranes and the like are not required to be built before construction; the construction material, the construction equipment and the construction personnel do not have potential safety hazards of high-altitude falling during construction; after the construction is finished, facilities and equipment such as scaffolds, tower staff and the like do not need to be dismantled. Therefore, the construction period of the inner vertical surface of the outer wall is shortened by 2/3 compared with that of the outer vertical surface of the outer wall, the labor cost for putting and removing facilities such as scaffolds, safety channels, tower cranes and the like is reduced, and the construction of the inner vertical surface of the outer wall is not influenced by the weather of strong wind and rainy days. The construction method can meet the requirement of waterproof construction of the building outer wall, and can ensure the safety of the waterproof construction, and has high efficiency and low cost.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a diagram of the present invention for treating a crack.

FIG. 2 is a diagram of the present invention for treating external corners.

Fig. 3 is a diagram of the present invention for treating internal corners.

FIG. 4 is a diagram of the present invention for treating a through-the-wall root.

The parts of the drawings are detailed as follows: the base layer 1, the priming paint 2, the additional layer 3, the waterproof layer 4, the wall root canal 5, the crack 6.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further elucidated and described with reference to the embodiments and drawings of the specification:

in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, and fig. 4, a complete embodiment of the present invention is as follows:

the waterproof material selected in the invention is environment-friendly and pollution-free, meets the indoor environment requirement and is easy to construct and operate, and is polyurea waterproof material. Polyurea is an elastomer substance, has the characteristics of corrosion resistance, water resistance, wear resistance, environmental protection and the like, does not generate new pollution in construction, and meets the requirement of indoor environment.

The polyurea waterproof material is applied to the inner vertical surface of the outer wall to serve as the waterproof protection of the outer wall, and construction is carried out on the inner vertical surface of the outer wall according to the construction requirements of the waterproof material.

The construction method comprises the following specific steps:

(1) selecting an environment-friendly pollution-free polyurea waterproof material as a waterproof material;

(2) comprehensively surveying the inner and outer vertical surfaces of the outer wall of the whole construction project;

(3) inspecting the base layer 1 of the inner vertical surface of the outer wall, and if the base layer is provided with the decorative material, removing the decorative material;

(4) cleaning all pollutants on the base layer of the inner facade of the outer wall;

(5) repairing and flattening pores, honeycombs, gaps, sand-rise and other holes on the surface of the base layer of the inner facade of the outer wall;

(6) spraying or brushing a back cover primer 2 twice according to the requirements of the base layer of the inner vertical surface of the outer wall;

(7) constructing a reinforcing layer or an additional layer 3 on the repaired cracks 6, gaps 6, cavities and holes, and complex parts such as internal and external corners, roots of embedded part wall-penetrating pipes 5 and the like;

(8) and (4) constructing the waterproof layer 4 according to the waterproof design requirement, and spraying or brushing a waterproof material.

The decorative material on the inner vertical surface base layer of the outer wall is cleaned, cement mortar or a concrete base layer 1 of the inner vertical surface is required to be seen, and the base layer mortar, oil stain, dust and the like are cleaned up by using a high-pressure water gun or a dust collector and the like when necessary. The base layer of waterproof construction should be firm, the base plane should be clean, level, no hollowing, not hard up, sanding, desquamation etc. defect.

All pollutants of the base layer of the inner facade of the outer wall refer to oil stain, grease, dust and the like which pollute the base layer and need to be cleaned by a cleaning agent. For contaminants with high adhesion, high pressure cleaning equipment can be used to remove the contaminants.

If the inner facade base layer of the outer wall has the defects of air holes, honeycombs, gaps, sand, looseness and the like, all loose impurities are flushed by water until the hard base layer is seen, and the air holes, the honeycombs and the gaps are repaired and leveled by caulking materials. After the caulking material is cured, the caulking material is ground flat by a hand-held grinding wheel machine, so that the base layer is firm and flat.

The defects of the crack 6, the cavity, the hole and the like are respectively treated according to the difference of the crack width, the cavity and the hole size. When the width is less than 3mm and the crack which does not affect the structural strength is cleaned, the reinforcing material is directly stuck (see figure 1). And if the width of the crack is larger than 3mm or the strength of the concrete is affected, structural reinforcement treatment is carried out according to the design requirement, and waterproof paint spraying construction is carried out after the crack is qualified.

The new concrete base layer 1, with minor impurities, must be cleaned and acid etched with a 10% hydrochloric acid solution. Then a large amount of fresh water is used for washing, so as to ensure that no cleaning liquid trace exists on the surface. Acid or grit abrasion is necessary for smooth concrete surfaces and for scrapped clean steel surfaces to ensure surface roughness of 5 to 8 mils.

The base layer of the inner vertical surface of the outer wall cannot have open water, when the base layer has water leakage, leakage points are found out firstly, and the waterproof coating is sprayed after plugging and reinforcing are carried out by using the plugging material.

The surface cleanliness of the treated base layer can reach more than Sa2.5 grade or meet the requirement of metal white (Sa 3), and phenomena such as burrs, cracks, unevenness, oil stains, paint and the like can not occur.

And carrying out waterproof paint spraying construction on the treated surface of the base layer within the same day. The waterproof paint must be sprayed before visible rust and contaminants appear. If rust or contamination occurs after blasting, the surface of the base layer should be retreated before the waterproof coating application.

The metal base layer is generally not coated with the primer 2, and the concrete or cement mortar base layer is coated with the primer; the wet base layer must be primed.

And brushing two matched back cover priming paints 2 on the concrete or cement mortar base layer. After the first pass is dried, coating the second pass, wherein the coating directions are mutually vertical, and the coating weight is 0.5-0.8 kg/m²。

And after finishing coating the primer, spraying the waterproof layer 4 paint within 24 hours (the longest time is not more than 48 hours).

The primer is preferably uniformly sprayed on the surface of the base layer by adopting spraying equipment, and can also be brushed by adopting a roller coating mode without missing coating or accumulating and brushing on the surface of the base layer.

And (3) constructing reinforcing layers at the complicated positions of the internal and external corners of the structure, the roots of the wall penetrating pipes 5, construction joints and the like according to design requirements. The waterproof coating can be pre-sprayed for 1-2 times at the position needing to be reinforced to serve as a reinforcing layer, or the spraying times are increased during large-area construction, and the thickness and the width of the waterproof coating are not less than 0.5mm and 250 mm. The internal and external corners of the structure should be treated to be arc-shaped. (see fig. 2, 3, 4).

And (3) constructing the large-surface waterproof coating waterproof layer 4 within 12 hours after the construction of the additional layer, if the construction time exceeds 12 hours, polishing the additional layer, brushing or spraying an interlayer adhesive, and performing large-surface spraying construction after 2 hours.

If the construction is adopted, the waterproof coating needs to be prepared according to the use specification of equipment when in use, and the weighing error of each type is not more than 2%.

The spray gun was moved at a speed of 0.5m/s and the thickness of the primary coating was about 0.5 mm. The waterproof coating is sprayed at any time, and the diluent is strictly forbidden to be added.

The waterproof coating is coated to the designed thickness in multiple times, the spraying construction of the front and the back two times does not need time intervals, the spraying directions are mutually vertical, the thickness uniformity of the coating is ensured, no bubbles, no sand holes, no flowing, no leaking spraying, no accumulation and smooth surface are realized.

The coating film of the corner and the vertical face is coated for many times in a thin way, and the phenomena of flowing and accumulation are avoided.

The total thickness of the coating is preferably 1.5-2.0 mm, and the coating can be used as a waterproof layer independently and can also be used in combination with a cement-based capillary crystalline waterproof coating and the like.

Within 24 hours after the spraying construction is finished, heavy object rolling and collision should be avoided.

The joint parts are easy to cause structural deformation, temperature difference, dry shrinkage deformation and the like, and comprehensive treatment is required.

Construction and treatment of reserved holes:

(1) the construction hole is tightly filled, the filled surface layer is kept flat with the surrounding wall surface, no sharp protrusion exists, the requirement of the base layer of spraying waterproof construction is met, continuous spraying is needed when spraying construction is carried out at the position, and spraying is carried out for many times.

And (3) treating the periphery of the window:

the sprayed waterproof layer around the window is directly sprayed to the edge of the wall window frame, the window frame can be covered if necessary, and the head-closing treatment is carried out by spraying for many times and sealing.

The waterproof layers are sprayed on the wall surfaces made of different materials, and waterproof coatings are sprayed for multiple times or additional layers are added.

After the waterproof construction, a water spraying test is carried out to check whether the waterproof layer has a leakage phenomenon. The thickness of the waterproof layer is required to meet the design requirement, and can be measured by a needle measurement method or a caliper by cutting a 20mm multiplied by 20mm sample.

When the waterproof layer of spraying accident when damaging, can carry out local repair with mending material, specifically do:

(1) and (5) polishing the surface to be repaired, wherein the edge of the surface to be repaired extends 150mm outwards than the surface to be repaired.

(2) And constructing an interlayer adhesive.

(3) And constructing the mending material at the polished position, and paying attention to smooth transition of the coating of the mending material to the surrounding coating.

(4) And constructing a finish paint matched with the special application part.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction method for preventing water in an outer wall is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

(1) removing the base layer: inspecting the inner facade base layer (1) of the outer wall, and removing decorative materials and other pollutants remained on the base layer; repairing and flattening air holes, honeycombs, gaps and sand-raising holes on the surface of the base layer of the inner facade of the outer wall; spraying or brushing a bottom sealing primer (2) on the base layer of the inner vertical surface of the outer wall twice; constructing a reinforcing layer or an additional layer (3) on the repaired complex parts including cracks (6), cavities and holes, internal and external corners and the embedded part wall-penetrating pipe (5);

(2) spraying or brushing a waterproof material:

3) fully brushing two matched back cover priming paints (2) on a concrete or cement mortar base layer, drying the first paint, brushing the second paint, wherein the brushing directions are mutually vertical, and the coating weight is 0.5-0.8 kg/m²；

4) After the priming paint is coated, the construction of spraying the waterproof layer (4) paint is carried out within 48 hours;

6) constructing a large-surface waterproof paint waterproof layer (4) within 12 hours after the construction of the additional layer, if the construction time exceeds 12 hours, polishing the additional layer, brushing or spraying an interlayer adhesive, and performing large-surface spraying construction after 2 hours;

2. The exterior wall interior waterproof construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (1) of removing the base layer, the manner of removing the decorative material on the base layer of the inner facade of the outer wall is as follows: after the cleaning, cement mortar or a concrete base layer (1) of the inner vertical surface needs to be seen, and if necessary, high-pressure water guns or dust collectors are used for cleaning the mortar, oil stains, dust and the like of the base layer; if the outer wall inner vertical surface base layer has the defects of air holes, honeycombs, gaps, sand rise and looseness, all loose impurities are washed away by water until the hard base layer is seen, and the air holes, the honeycombs and the gaps are repaired and leveled by caulking materials; after the caulking material is cured, grinding the caulking material by a hand-held grinding wheel machine to ensure that the waterproof base layer is firm and flat; the base layer of waterproof construction should be firm, the base plane should be clean, level, there is not empty bulging, not hard up, the defect of sand-forming, desquamation.

3. The exterior wall interior waterproof construction method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the defects of the gap (6), the cavity and the hole are respectively processed according to the difference of the width of the gap, the size of the cavity and the size of the hole; when the width of the crack is less than 3mm and the structural strength is not affected, the surface is cleaned, and then the waterproof coating is directly sprayed; and if the width of the crack is larger than 3mm or the strength of the concrete is affected, structural reinforcement treatment is carried out according to the design requirement, and waterproof paint spraying construction is carried out after the crack is qualified.

4. The exterior wall interior waterproof construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (1) of removing the base layer, cleaning a new concrete base layer (1) with slight impurities, and then carrying out acid etching by using a 10% hydrochloric acid solution; then, a large amount of fresh water is used for washing, so that no cleaning liquid trace is left on the surface; acid etching or abrasive blasting is used for smooth concrete surfaces and steel surfaces which are removed cleanly to ensure that the surface roughness reaches 5 to 8 mils.

5. The exterior wall interior waterproof construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (1) of removing the base layer, when the base layer of the inner facade of the outer wall has water leakage, a leakage point is found out firstly, and the waterproof coating spraying construction is carried out after the leakage stoppage and the reinforcement are carried out by using the leakage stoppage material.

6. The exterior wall interior waterproof construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (1) of removing the base layer, the surface cleanliness of the treated base layer is required to reach above grade Sa2.5 or meet the requirement of metal white Sa3, and phenomena of burrs, cracks, unevenness, oil stains and paint are avoided.

7. The exterior wall interior waterproof construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (2) of spraying or painting the waterproof material, the reinforced layer construction is carried out on the structure internal and external corners, the root of the wall penetrating pipe (5) and the complex parts of the construction joints, 1-2 times of waterproof paint is pre-sprayed on the parts needing to be reinforced to serve as the reinforced layer, or the spraying times are increased during large-surface construction, the thickness is not less than 0.5mm, the width is not less than 250mm, and the parts of the structure internal and external corners are preferably processed into an arc shape.

8. The exterior wall interior waterproof construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method for processing the construction and the reserved holes comprises the following steps:

9. The exterior wall interior waterproof construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method for treating the periphery of the window comprises the following steps: the sprayed waterproof layer around the window is directly sprayed to the edge of the wall window frame, the window frame can be covered if necessary, and the head-closing treatment is carried out by spraying for many times and sealing.

10. The exterior wall interior waterproof construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the waterproof layer of spraying accident when damaging, can carry out local repair with mending material, specifically do:

(2) constructing an interlayer adhesive;

(4) and constructing a finish paint matched with the special application part.