CN114107801A - Heat-resistant steel casting material suitable for 650 ℃ and below - Google Patents

Heat-resistant steel casting material suitable for 650 ℃ and below Download PDF

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CN114107801A
CN114107801A CN202111224871.8A CN202111224871A CN114107801A CN 114107801 A CN114107801 A CN 114107801A CN 202111224871 A CN202111224871 A CN 202111224871A CN 114107801 A CN114107801 A CN 114107801A
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resistant steel
material suitable
casting material
heat resistant
heat
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Inventor
张波
龙老虎
郭维华
裴玉冰
巩秀芳
王天剑
李清松
聂丽萍
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DEC Dongfang Turbine Co Ltd
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DEC Dongfang Turbine Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/22—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
    • C21D1/28—Normalising
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/008—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/52—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with cobalt
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/54—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with boron

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a heat-resistant steel casting material suitable for being used at the temperature of 650 ℃ and below, which belongs to the technical field of metal materials and comprises the following steps: s1, smelting in a furnace, and refining outside the furnace; s2, after the pouring temperature is reached, sand casting is adopted, and the mixture is slowly cooled to the room temperature; and S3, removing a casting head and a pouring gate, and performing performance heat treatment after polishing.

Description

Heat-resistant steel casting material suitable for 650 ℃ and below
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal materials, and particularly relates to a heat-resistant steel casting material suitable for being used at the temperature of 650 ℃ or below.
Background
The 630-650 ℃ grade ultra-supercritical unit has higher power generation efficiency and is a main product of future power generation equipment. The original 9Cr-1Co-2Mo-V-Nb-N-B casting material cannot meet the long-term safe and stable operation requirement of the unit, if the operation stress is reduced by increasing the wall thickness and the like, the wall thickness and the weight of a part are greatly increased, and the part is deformed due to the increase of additional stress in the operation process, so that the stable operation of the unit is not facilitated; if high-temperature alloy is adopted to manufacture components such as a cylinder, a valve shell and the like, although the high-temperature long-term performance can be guaranteed, the purchasing and manufacturing cost of the high-temperature alloy is more than 3 times higher than that of a heat-resistant steel material, the cost performance is not high, the manufacturing resources of global large-scale high-temperature alloy castings are very limited, in addition, the high-temperature alloy has high linear expansion coefficient and other properties, and the matching difficulty with other heat-resistant steel components of a unit is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a heat-resistant steel casting material suitable for being used at the temperature of 650 ℃ or below, and solves the technical problems that in the prior art, the matching difficulty of a high-temperature alloy and other heat-resistant steel parts of a unit is higher, the manufacturing cost is higher than that of the heat-resistant steel material, the original 9Cr-1Co-2Mo-V-Nb-N-B casting material cannot meet the long-term safe and stable operation requirement of the unit, and the like.
The invention discloses a preparation method of a heat-resistant steel casting material suitable for being at 650 ℃ and below, which comprises the following steps:
s1, smelting in a furnace, and refining outside the furnace;
s2, tempering heat treatment: after the pouring temperature is reached, sand casting is adopted, and the mixture is slowly cooled to the room temperature;
and S3, removing a casting head and a pouring gate, and performing performance heat treatment after polishing.
Further, the method comprises the steps of smelting, refining, sand casting and austenitizing.
Further, the quenching or normalizing temperature in austenitizing is 1166-1214 ℃.
Further, the tempering temperature is 730-765 ℃.
Further, the smelting in the furnace adopts an electric furnace smelting or an electromagnetic induction furnace.
A heat-resistant steel casting for a steam turbine casting comprises the following chemical elements in percentage by mass: 0.07-0.12% of C, less than or equal to 0.50% of Si, less than or equal to 0.65% of Mn, 8.50-9.50% of Cr, 2.75-3.25% of Co, 2.50-3.00% of W, 0.20-0.25% of V, 0.04-0.07% of Nb, 0.007-0.018% of N, 0.008-0.015% of B, 0.20-0.50% of Hf, less than or equal to 0.40% of Ni, less than or equal to 0.02% of Al, less than or equal to 0.02% of Sn, less than or equal to 0.05% of impurities, and the balance of Fe.
Further, the heat-resistant steel comprises the following chemical elements in percentage by mass: 0.115% of C, 0.35% of Si, 0.61% of Mn0.86% of Cr, 3.02% of Co, 2.69% of W, 0.23% of V, 0.062% of Nb0.016% of N, 0.014% of B, 0.16% of Ni0.008% of Al, 0.002% of Sn0.014%, 0.014% of P, 0.002% of S and the balance of Fe.
Further, the heat-resistant steel comprises the following chemical elements in percentage by mass: 0.11% of C, 0.42% of Si, 0.53% of Mn0.52% of Cr, 8.52% of Co 3%, 2.5% of W, 0.22% of V, 0.06% of Nb0.011% of N, 0.011% of B, 0.08% of Hf0.08% of Ni0.16%, 0.006% of Al, 0.002% of Sn0.01% of P, 0.005% of S and the balance of Fe.
Further, the heat-resistant steel comprises the following chemical elements in percentage by mass: 0.11% of C, 0.1% of Si, 0.5% of Mn0.52% of Cr, 9.52% of Co 3%, 2.4% of W, 0.15% of V, 0.05% of Nb0.011% of N, 0.011% of B, 0.1% of Hf0.5% of Ni, A l 0.005% of Sn, 0.002% of P, 0.005% of S and the balance of Fe.
An application of refractory steel casting for steam turbine casting in the field of components of steam turbine cylinder and valve casing at 650 deg.C or lower is disclosed.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. in the present invention, the main strengthening phase is M23C6MX phase enriched in M by element B23C6Can effectively inhibit M23C6Coarsening rapidly after long-term operation, thereby improving creep strength. The content control of B element and N element can affect the precipitation of BN phase, N is the main forming element of MX phase, B element can inhibit M23C6Coarsening plays a positive role, so the utilization effect of the B and N elements needs to be controlled from the ratio of the two elements. In the invention, 0.008-0.015% of B and 0.007-0.018% of N can well avoid forming a BN phase, and in addition, when the content of B and the content of N both exceed 0.01%, and the mass fraction ratio of N, B reaches 1.5, the high-performance permanent creep deformation is realized;
2. the material of the invention can have a lasting strength of more than or equal to 100MPa for 10 ten thousand hours at the temperature of 630 ℃; the lasting strength of 10 ten thousand hours at 650 ℃ is more than or equal to 65 MPa;
3. the tissue stability is better after long-term aging.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a graph of the permanent strength L-M of example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In addition, the embodiments of the present invention and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Example 1
A preparation method of a heat-resistant steel casting material suitable for being at 650 ℃ and below specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, smelting in a furnace, and refining outside the furnace;
s2, after the pouring temperature is reached, sand casting is adopted, and the mixture is slowly cooled to the room temperature;
and S3, removing a casting head and a pouring gate, and performing performance heat treatment after polishing. .
The chemical composition of the obtained heat-resistant steel casting material in percentage by weight is shown in table 1.
Table 1 melting analysis results of example 1
C Si Mn P S Ni Cr W V Mo
0.115 0.35 0.61 0.014 0.0020 0.16 8.86 2.69 0.23 0.13
Co Nb B N Al As Sn Sb Cu H
3.02 0.062 0.014 0.016 0.008 0.000 0.002 0.001 0.03 5.9ppm
Table 2 results of mechanical properties at room temperature for example 1
Figure BDA0003313792110000041
And (4) sampling for multiple times to perform durability test analysis, wherein the maximum time is more than 3 ten thousand hours. The endurance test and extrapolation result show that the endurance strength of the heat-resistant steel is more than or equal to 100MPa at the temperature of 630 ℃ for 10 ten thousand hours; the lasting strength of 10 ten thousand hours at 650 ℃ is more than or equal to 65MPa, as shown in figure 1. Tensile test method GB/T228.1, impact test method GB/T229, hardness test method GB/T231.1.
Example 2
As another preferred embodiment of the present application, it is modified from embodiment 1 only by the weight percentage of the chemical composition shown in Table 3. Tensile test method GB/T228.1, impact test method GB/T229, hardness test method GB/T231.1.
Table 3 melting analysis results of example 2
Figure BDA0003313792110000042
Figure BDA0003313792110000051
Table 4 results of mechanical properties at room temperature for example 2
Figure BDA0003313792110000052
Example 3
As another preferred embodiment of the present application, it is modified from embodiment 1 only by the weight percentage of the chemical composition shown in Table 5. Tensile test method GB/T228.1, impact test method GB/T229, hardness test method GB/T231.1.
Table 5 melting analysis results of example 3
C Si Mn P S Ni Cr W V Mo Hf
0.110 0.10 0.50 0.010 0.0050 0.50 9.52 2.40 0.15 0.15 0.10
Co Nb B N Al As Sn Sb Cu H
3.00 0.050 0.011 0.011 0.005 0.000 0.002 0.001 0.03 5.9ppm
Table 6 mechanical properties at room temperature results for example 3
Figure BDA0003313792110000053
Comparative example 1
The change is shown in table 7 on the basis of example 1 only in the weight percent of the chemical composition. Tensile test method GB/T228.1, impact test method GB/T229, hardness test method GB/T231.1.
TABLE 7 melting analysis results of comparative example 1
C Si Mn P S Ni Cr W V Mo
0.016 0.002 0.50 0.008 0.007 0.470 10.51 2.90 0.15 0.15
Co Nb B N Al As Sn Sb Cu H
3.09 0.050 0.011 0.011 0.005 0.000 0.002 0.001 0.03 5.9ppm
TABLE 8 results of mechanical properties at room temperature for comparative example 1
Figure BDA0003313792110000061

Claims (10)

1. A preparation method of a heat-resistant steel casting material suitable for being at 650 ℃ and below is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, smelting in a furnace, and refining outside the furnace;
s2, tempering heat treatment: after the pouring temperature is reached, sand casting is adopted, and the mixture is slowly cooled to the room temperature;
and S3, removing a casting head and a pouring gate, and performing performance heat treatment after polishing.
2. A method for producing a heat resistant steel casting material suitable for use at 650 ℃ and below according to claim 1, characterized by the steps of further comprising smelting, refining, sand casting and austenitizing.
3. A method of producing a heat resistant steel casting material suitable for use at 650 ℃ and below as claimed in claim 2 wherein the austenitizing medium quenching or normalizing temperature is 1166 ℃ to 1214 ℃.
4. A method of producing a heat resistant steel casting material suitable for use at 650 ℃ and below as claimed in claim 1 wherein the tempering temperature is 730 ℃ to 765 ℃.
5. The method for producing a heat-resistant steel casting material suitable for 650 ℃ and below according to claim 1, wherein the in-furnace melting is performed by electric furnace melting or an electromagnetic induction furnace.
6. A heat resistant steel casting material suitable for being used at 650 ℃ and below according to claim 1, wherein the heat resistant steel comprises the following chemical elements in percentage by mass: 0.07-0.12% of C, less than or equal to 0.50% of Si, less than or equal to 0.65% of Mn, 8.50-9.50% of Cr, 2.75-3.25% of Co, 2.50-3.00% of W, 0.20-0.25% of V, 0.04-0.07% of Nb, 0.007-0.018% of N, 0.008-0.015% of B, 0.20-0.50% of Hf, less than or equal to 0.40% of Ni, less than or equal to 0.02% of Al, less than or equal to 0.02% of Sn, less than or equal to 0.05% of impurities, and the balance of Fe.
7. A heat resistant steel casting material suitable for being used at 650 ℃ and below according to claim 6, wherein the heat resistant steel comprises the following chemical elements in percentage by mass: 0.115% of C, 0.35% of Si, 0.61% of Mn0.86% of Cr, 3.02% of Co, 2.69% of W, 0.23% of V, 0.062% of Nb0.016%, 0.014% of B, 0.16% of Ni0.008% of Al, 0.002% of Sn, 0.014% of P, 0.002% of S and the balance of Fe.
8. A heat resistant steel casting material suitable for being used at 650 ℃ and below according to claim 6, wherein the heat resistant steel comprises the following chemical elements in percentage by mass: 0.11% of C, 0.42% of Si, 0.53% of Mn0.52% of Cr, 8.52% of Co 3%, 2.5% of W, 0.22% of V, 0.06% of Nb0.011% of N, 0.011% of B, 0.08% of Hf0.08% of Ni, 0.16% of Al, 0.002% of Sn, 0.01% of P, 0.005% of S and the balance of Fe.
9. A heat resistant steel casting material suitable for being used at 650 ℃ and below according to claim 6, wherein the heat resistant steel comprises the following chemical elements in percentage by mass: 0.11% of C, 0.1% of Si, 0.5% of Mn0.52% of Cr, 9.52% of Co 3%, 2.4% of W, 0.15% of V, 0.05% of Nb0.011% of N, 0.011% of B, 0.1% of Hf0.5% of Ni, 0.005% of Al, 0.002% of Sn, 0.01% of P, 0.005% of S and the balance of Fe.
10. Use of a heat resistant steel casting material suitable for temperatures of 650 ℃ and below according to any one of claims 1 to 9 in components such as turbine cylinders, valve casings, etc. below 650 ℃.
CN202111224871.8A 2021-10-21 2021-10-21 Heat-resistant steel casting material suitable for 650 ℃ and below Pending CN114107801A (en)

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105695881A (en) * 2016-04-18 2016-06-22 东北大学 Heat resistant steel for ultra-supercritical castings at 650 DEG C
CN109182913A (en) * 2018-10-26 2019-01-11 上海电气电站设备有限公司 A kind of steam turbine casings heat resisting steel

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105695881A (en) * 2016-04-18 2016-06-22 东北大学 Heat resistant steel for ultra-supercritical castings at 650 DEG C
CN109182913A (en) * 2018-10-26 2019-01-11 上海电气电站设备有限公司 A kind of steam turbine casings heat resisting steel

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