CN114105315B - Method for adsorbing and extracting heavy metals in heavy metal pollutants - Google Patents
Method for adsorbing and extracting heavy metals in heavy metal pollutants Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114105315B CN114105315B CN202111498948.0A CN202111498948A CN114105315B CN 114105315 B CN114105315 B CN 114105315B CN 202111498948 A CN202111498948 A CN 202111498948A CN 114105315 B CN114105315 B CN 114105315B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- heavy metal
- saccharomycetes
- pollutants
- adsorption
- carrier material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 136
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 241000235342 Saccharomycetes Species 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 71
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007222 ypd medium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 43
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 20
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 15
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 12
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 11
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 10
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 210000005253 yeast cell Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 230000008485 antagonism Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 7
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 5
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000223252 Rhodotorula Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009630 liquid culture Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940022405 astaxanthin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000001168 astaxanthin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010170 biological method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035605 chemotaxis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102000014914 Carrier Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010078791 Carrier Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920002101 Chitin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910017518 Cu Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001503 Glucan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XRYVAQQLDYTHCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Marini Chemical compound O1C=2C(CC(CC=C(C)C)C(C)=C)=C(O)C=C(O)C=2C(=O)CC1C1=CC=C(O)C=C1O XRYVAQQLDYTHCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000223253 Rhodotorula glutinis Species 0.000 description 1
- PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc dication Chemical compound [Zn+2] PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003674 animal food additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003042 antagnostic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 210000000170 cell membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010668 complexation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001431 copper ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006911 enzymatic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003834 intracellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000011987 methylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007069 methylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- LFGREXWGYUGZLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoryl Chemical group [P]=O LFGREXWGYUGZLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000053 physical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfate group Chemical group S(=O)(=O)([O-])[O-] QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003934 vacuole Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for adsorbing and extracting heavy metals in heavy metal pollutants, and belongs to the technical field of heavy metal adsorption and extraction. The method for absorbing and extracting heavy metals in heavy metal pollutants provided by the invention comprises the following steps: mixing saccharomycetes, nutrient substances and heavy metal pollutants, and carrying out adsorption treatment to obtain adsorbed pollutants; and extracting the absorbed pollutants by adopting a carrier material loaded with nutrient substances. The method provided by the invention can adsorb and extract heavy metals in heavy metal pollutants, and is simple to operate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heavy metal adsorption and extraction, in particular to a method for adsorbing and extracting heavy metals in heavy metal pollutants.
Background
With the rapid development of industry and agriculture, serious heavy metal pollution problems are generated. If a large amount of pesticides and fertilizers are used in the crop planting process, excessive application of pesticides and fertilizers containing Cd, pb, hg and other heavy metal elements for a long time can cause excessive enrichment of the heavy metal elements in soil, so that heavy metal pollution of the soil is caused; in the concentrated breeding process of livestock and poultry, feed additives containing Cu, zn and other heavy metals are often added into the feed, and after the livestock and poultry eat the feed, feces containing a large amount of heavy metals are produced, and along with the large application of livestock and poultry feces organic fertilizer, heavy metal pollution of farmland soil is also caused; sludge produced during sewage treatment also contains a large amount of heavy metals.
Common methods for treating heavy metal pollutants include a physical method, a chemical method and a biological method, wherein the biological method is widely focused on due to the characteristics of good treatment effect and environmental friendliness, but most of current researches are to cure or stabilize heavy metals so as to eliminate biotoxicity, reduce activity and not transfer the heavy metals, and potential hazard still exists.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for adsorbing and extracting heavy metals in heavy metal pollutants, which can adsorb and extract the heavy metals in the heavy metal pollutants and is simple to operate.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a method for absorbing and extracting heavy metals in heavy metal pollutants, which comprises the following steps:
mixing saccharomycetes, nutrient substances and heavy metal pollutants, and carrying out adsorption treatment to obtain adsorbed pollutants;
and extracting the absorbed pollutants by adopting a carrier material loaded with nutrient substances.
Preferably, the yeasts include RX1 yeast, AY6 yeast, RY9 yeast, RZ3 yeast, AY6+RX1 composite yeast, AY6+RZ3 composite yeast or AY6+RY9 composite yeast.
Preferably, the heavy metal pollutants comprise heavy metal polluted soil, heavy metal polluted sludge or heavy metal polluted livestock manure.
Preferably, the heavy metal in the heavy metal contaminant comprises one or more of Cu, zn, ni, cd and Pb.
Preferably, the temperature of the adsorption treatment is 15-40 ℃ and the time is 2-10 d.
Preferably, the carrier material comprises one or more of cotton, straw, non-woven fabric and cotton quilt.
Preferably, the extraction process includes: and covering the carrier material loaded with the nutrient substances on the surface of the absorbed pollutant or preparing the carrier material loaded with the nutrient substances as a filling material into an absorption and extraction column, and inserting the absorption and extraction column into the absorbed pollutant.
Preferably, the adsorption extraction column comprises a support provided with openings and a carrier material loaded with nutrients packed in the support.
Preferably, the temperature of the extraction treatment is 15-40 ℃ and the time is 3-20 d.
Preferably, the nutrients used for the adsorption treatment and the extraction treatment independently include YPD medium, LB medium, PDA medium or sand-protected medium.
The invention provides a method for absorbing and extracting heavy metals in heavy metal pollutants, which comprises the following steps: mixing saccharomycetes, nutrient substances and heavy metal pollutants, and carrying out adsorption treatment to obtain adsorbed pollutants; and extracting the absorbed pollutants by adopting a carrier material loaded with nutrient substances. The invention firstly utilizes saccharomycetes to adsorb heavy metals in heavy metal pollutants, and in the adsorption treatment process, nutrient substances can provide energy for growth and propagation of the saccharomycetes, wherein the saccharomycetes commonly realize the adsorption of the heavy metals through various mechanisms such as precipitation outside cells, adsorption on the surfaces of the cells, accumulation inside the cells and the like. Specifically, the precipitation outside the yeast cell means that the heavy metal is combined or precipitated with substances secreted outside the yeast cell, such as extracellular polysaccharide, and the like, the adsorption on the cell surface means that the heavy metal is combined with certain substances on the cell wall of the yeast cell, and the main components of the cell wall of the yeast cell are glucan, mannite, cellulose, chitin, protein and the like, and the substances have more negative charges and can effectively adsorb cations of the heavy metal; after contacting with yeast, heavy metal ions can be coordinated and complexed with functional factors such as carboxyl, hydroxyl, sulfate groups, phosphoryl and the like in proteins, lipids and polysaccharides on cell walls and cell membranes so as to weaken the toxicity of heavy metals. The precipitation outside the cells and the adsorption process on the surfaces of the cells are rapid, reversible and do not need energy, and mainly relate to surface complexation, ion exchange, inorganic microdeposition, electrostatic adsorption, redox, enzymatic reaction and the like. The accumulation mechanism of heavy metals in the yeast cells is slow, irreversible and requires energy compared with precipitation outside the cells and adsorption on the cell surfaces, and the main action mechanisms of the yeast cells are that the yeast cells transport heavy metals out of the cells through the transport action of transport proteins, the heavy metals are localized at different intracellular positions such as vacuoles, or the accumulation of the heavy metals is completed while the toxicity of the heavy metals is reduced in the yeast cells through oxidation, methylation and other chemical reactions. In the invention, after adsorption treatment, saccharomycetes which adsorb heavy metals still exist in pollutants, and then carrier materials which load nutrient substances are adopted to extract the adsorbed pollutants, wherein in the extraction treatment process, after the saccharomycetes grow and propagate and the adsorption process is finished, the nutrient substances in the pollutants are deficient, so that the saccharomycetes are unfavorable for survival, the carrier materials which load the nutrient substances attract or induce the saccharomycetes which load the heavy metals to gather in the carrier materials, the process is similar to a phenomenon of microbial chemotaxis, the aim that the saccharomycetes carry the heavy metals to gather in the carrier materials with rich nutrition is fulfilled, so that the heavy metals in soil are completely separated is fulfilled, and the potential danger that the heavy metals can not gather and recover due to the adsorption or passivation of the heavy metals, which can occur in technologies such as microbial solidification and stabilization, still exist in the pollutants, and the change of environmental conditions causes the heavy metals to be released again is prevented. Therefore, the method provided by the invention can adsorb and extract heavy metals in the heavy metal pollutants, and is simple to operate.
Furthermore, the invention adopts different saccharomycetes for combination, thereby improving the adsorption and extraction effects of the heavy metals in different heavy metal pollutants.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a support in an adsorption extraction column according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a physical diagram of a support in an adsorption extraction column according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a method for absorbing and extracting heavy metals in heavy metal pollutants, which comprises the following steps:
mixing saccharomycetes, nutrient substances and heavy metal pollutants, and carrying out adsorption treatment to obtain adsorbed pollutants;
and extracting the absorbed pollutants by adopting a carrier material loaded with nutrient substances.
The invention mixes saccharomycetes, nutrient substances and heavy metal pollutants, and carries out adsorption treatment to obtain the adsorbed pollutants. In the present invention, the yeasts preferably include RX1 yeast, AY6 yeast, RY9 yeast, RZ3 yeastBacteria, AY6+RX1 composite yeast, AY6+RZ3 composite yeast or AY6+RY9 composite yeast. The yeast is purchased from the market, wherein the RX1 yeast is specifically marine rhodotorula-astaxanthin purchased from Shandong Leling Severe Biotech Co., ltd; the AY6 saccharomycete is specifically commercial Angel high-activity dry yeast No. 6; the RY9 saccharomycete is specifically marine rhodotorula glutinis purchased from Nanjierte biotechnology Co., ltd; the RZ3 yeast is specifically rhodotorula marini from North sea group forest bioengineering limited. In the invention, the AY6+RX1 composite yeast is specifically formed by compositing AY6 yeast and RX1 yeast, the AY6+RZ3 composite yeast is specifically formed by compositing AY6 yeast and RZ3 yeast, and the AY6+RY9 composite yeast is specifically formed by compositing AY6 yeast and RY9 yeast; in the invention, the AY6+RX1 composite yeast, AY6+RZ3 composite yeast and AY6+RY9 composite yeast are preferably prepared by compounding bacterial solutions of the two corresponding yeasts; the volume ratio of the bacterial liquids of the two yeasts is independently preferably (0.8-1.2): (0.8 to 1.2), more preferably 1:1, a step of; the effective viable count in the bacterial liquid of the saccharomycetes is preferably more than or equal to 10 5 CFU/mL. The invention uses the commercial saccharomycete to adsorb the heavy metal pollutants, and has wide raw material source and low cost. According to the invention, the composite saccharomycetes without antagonism, namely AY6+RX1 composite saccharomycetes, AY6+RZ3 composite saccharomycetes and AY6+RY9 composite saccharomycetes are adopted to adsorb heavy metal pollutants, so that the effect is better than that of the single saccharomycetes for adsorbing the heavy metal pollutants, and the treatment efficiency is improved.
In the present invention, the nutrient used for the adsorption treatment preferably includes YPD medium, LB medium, PDA medium or sand-protected medium; the nutrient substance can provide energy for growth and propagation of saccharomycetes.
In the present invention, the heavy metal contaminants preferably include heavy metal contaminated soil, heavy metal contaminated sludge or heavy metal contaminated livestock manure, and the source of the various heavy metal contaminants is not particularly limited, and any heavy metal contaminants known to those skilled in the art may be used. In the present invention, the soil species of the heavy metal contaminated soil preferably includes loess, black soil, sandy soil or saline-alkali soil; in the embodiment of the invention, the black soil and the saline-alkali soil are sandy loam, wherein the pH value of the black soil is 6.83, and the pH value of the saline-alkali soil is 9.68; the loess is clay loam with pH value of 7.02; the sandy soil is loam sandy soil, and the pH value is 8.35. In the invention, the heavy metal polluted sludge is preferably the residual sludge of a sewage treatment plant; the heavy metal contaminated livestock manure is preferably livestock manure from pasture, and can be specifically cow manure. In the present invention, the heavy metal in the heavy metal contaminant preferably includes one or more of Cu, zn, ni, cd and Pb.
The invention has no special limit to the dosage of the saccharomycetes, the nutrient substances and the heavy metal pollutants, and can ensure that the adsorption treatment is fully carried out; the method is characterized in that commercial saccharomycetes are preferably cultured to obtain saccharomycete suspension, and then mixed with the nutrient substances and heavy metal pollutants for adsorption treatment to obtain adsorbed pollutants; the effective viable count of the yeast suspension is preferably 6.8X10 5 CFU/mL, taking YPD medium as nutrient substances as an example, the dosage ratio of the saccharomycete suspension, the YPD medium and the heavy metal pollutants is preferably (0.5-1) mL: (2-4) mL:10g, more preferably 1mL:2mL:10g. The method for culturing the saccharomycetes is not particularly limited, and methods well known to those skilled in the art can be adopted, and the method for culturing the saccharomycetes preferably comprises the following steps:
and (3) placing the saccharomycetes in a nutrient substance for culturing to obtain saccharomycetes suspension.
In the invention, the saccharomycete is preferably purified before use and then stored in a refrigerator at the temperature of-70 ℃ for later use. In the present invention, the optional species of the nutrient used for culturing the yeast is preferably identical to the optional species of the nutrient used for performing the adsorption treatment, and will not be described in detail herein; the nutrient is preferably sterilized prior to use. In the present invention, the temperature of the culture is preferably 25 to 35 ℃, more preferably 30 to 35 ℃; the cultivation is preferably carried out under shaking conditions, and the rotational speed of the shaking is preferably 110 to 130r/min, more preferably 120r/min. The time of the culture is not particularly limited, and the culture may be carried out until the growth amount is the maximum.
In the present invention, the temperature of the adsorption treatment is preferably 15 to 40 ℃, more preferably 25 to 35 ℃, still more preferably 30 to 35 ℃; the time is preferably 2 to 10 days, more preferably 2 to 4 days. In the invention, in the adsorption treatment process, nutrient substances can provide energy for growth and propagation of saccharomycetes, wherein the saccharomycetes commonly realize the adsorption of heavy metals through various mechanisms such as precipitation outside cells, adsorption on the surfaces of the cells, accumulation inside the cells and the like.
After the adsorbed pollutants are obtained, the method adopts carrier materials loaded with nutrient substances to extract the adsorbed pollutants. In the present invention, the carrier material loaded with the nutrient is preferably obtained by impregnating the carrier material with the nutrient and then drying the carrier material, wherein the carrier material preferably includes one or more of cotton, straw, non-woven fabric and cotton quilt, and the optional species of the nutrient is preferably consistent with the optional species of the nutrient used for the adsorption treatment, which is not described herein. In the present invention, the carrier material is preferably sterilized before use, and the method of the sterilization treatment is not particularly limited and may be any method known to those skilled in the art. In the present invention, the drying is preferably air-dried in a sterile operating station. In the invention, the nutrient substances can provide energy for growth and propagation of saccharomycetes, and the carrier material can enrich saccharomycetes adsorbed with heavy metals, so as to realize extraction of the heavy metals. The invention has no special limit to the dosage of the nutrient substances and the carrier material, and can ensure that the extraction treatment is fully carried out; in the present invention, the nutrient is YPD medium, and the ratio of the heavy metal contaminants to the YPD medium to the carrier material is preferably 10g: (2-5) mL: (0.2 to 1 g), more preferably 10g:2.5mL:0.5g.
In the present invention, the extraction process preferably includes: the carrier material loaded with the nutrient substances is covered on the surface of the absorbed pollutant or the carrier material loaded with the nutrient substances is used as a filling material to prepare an absorption and extraction column to be inserted into the absorbed pollutant, and more preferably the carrier material loaded with the nutrient substances is covered on the surface of the absorbed pollutant. The method is preferably used for extracting and treating the absorbed pollutants, and is convenient to operate. In the invention, when the extraction treatment mode is that the carrier material loaded with the nutrient substances is covered on the surface of the pollutant after the saccharomycetes adsorb the heavy metals, the carrier material loaded with the nutrient substances is preferably completely covered on the surface of the pollutant after the saccharomycetes adsorb the heavy metals; when the extraction treatment mode is that the carrier material loaded with nutrient substances is used as a filling material to prepare an adsorption extraction column, the adsorption extraction column is inserted into the saccharomycetes to adsorb heavy metal pollutants, the distribution density of the adsorption extraction column is not particularly limited, and basic parameters are derived and determined according to investigation data of an actual site, the characteristics of the pollutants to be repaired and the treatment effect of a laboratory scale in advance.
In the present invention, the adsorption extraction column preferably includes a support provided with openings and a carrier material loaded with a nutrient substance filled in the support. In the invention, the carrier material loaded with the nutrient substances is filled into the support, the support is inserted into the absorbed pollutant, and the saccharomycete adsorbed with the heavy metal can be transferred into the carrier material loaded with the nutrient substances through the opening of the support, so that the heavy metal in the absorbed pollutant is extracted. The present invention preferably encapsulates the nutrient loaded carrier material with a mesh and then fills the encapsulated nutrient loaded carrier material into the support. The specific structure of the support is not particularly limited, and the support can support the carrier material and transfer the saccharomycete adsorbed with heavy metal onto the carrier material through the opening arranged on the support. In the invention, the support is preferably columnar with two open ends, a plurality of fence-type tooth-shaped grooves are formed in the lower part of the side wall of the support along the circumferential direction, and fence plates are formed between two adjacent fence-type tooth-shaped grooves. In the present invention, the fence-type tooth-shaped grooves in the support are preferably uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, and the number of the fence plates is not particularly limited, for example, may be 4 (as shown in fig. 1), and then the number of the fence-type tooth-shaped grooves is 4 correspondingly; the length of the fence panel preferably accounts for 30-70% of the total length of the support; the width of the individual fence panels is preferably 5 to 15% of the perimeter of the support. The invention is favorable for ensuring that the carrier material filled in the adsorption extraction column and loaded with nutrient substances can be fully contacted with the absorbed pollutants by arranging the fence-type tooth-shaped grooves. In the present invention, the fence panels are preferably inwardly arcuate in order to facilitate the secure filling of the carrier material loaded with nutrients in the support. In an embodiment of the invention, the support is prepared in particular by using a 1.5mL centrifuge tube, comprising the steps of: taking a 1.5mL centrifuge tube, cutting off the centrifuge tube at a position 0.5cm away from the bottom, and then manufacturing 4 fence-type tooth grooves uniformly distributed on the side wall of the centrifuge tube to form 4 fence plates uniformly distributed on the side wall of the centrifuge tube, wherein the length of each fence plate is 1cm, so as to obtain a support (shown in figure 2).
In the present invention, the temperature of the extraction treatment is preferably 15 to 40 ℃, more preferably 25 to 35 ℃, still more preferably 30 to 35 ℃; the time is preferably 3 to 20 days, more preferably 5 to 10 days. In the invention, in the extraction treatment process, after the growth and propagation of saccharomycetes and the adsorption process are completed, nutrient substances in pollutants are deficient, the existence of saccharomycetes is not facilitated, the carrier material loaded with the nutrient substances attracts or induces saccharomycetes carrying heavy metals to be gathered in the carrier material, and the process is similar to a microbial chemotaxis phenomenon, so that the purpose that the saccharomycetes carry heavy metals to be gathered in the carrier material with rich nutrition in a moving way is achieved, and the heavy metals in soil are completely separated.
The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in the following in connection with the embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1 adsorption extraction of Single heavy Metal contaminated soil Using Single Yeast
Strains used in this example were purchased from the market and named RX1 (rhodotorula oceanic-astaxanthin, purchased from Shandong Leling Seisakusho Biotechnology Co., ltd.), AY6 (commercially available Angel highly active dry yeast No. 6), RY9 (rhodotorula oceanic, purchased from Nanjiert Biotechnology Co., ltd.) and RZ3 (rhodotorula oceanic, purchased from North sea group forest Bioengineering Co.);
the soil used in this example is loess, black soil, sandy soil and saline-alkali soil, and has the following physicochemical properties: the black soil and the saline-alkali soil are sandy loam, the pH value of the black soil is 6.83, and the pH value of the saline-alkali soil is 9.68; the loess is clay loam with pH value of 7.02; the sandy soil is loam sandy soil, and the pH value is 8.35.
The method for absorbing and extracting the single polluted heavy metal by utilizing the single saccharomycete comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Culturing yeast RX1, AY6, RY9 and RZ3 respectively, specifically purifying each yeast, placing in sterilized YPD culture medium, culturing at 35deg.C under 120r/min to obtain RX1 suspension, AY6 suspension, RY9 suspension and RZ3 suspension, and the effective viable count is 6.8X10 5 CFU/mL；
Mixing the above four kinds of soil (loess, sandy soil, saline-alkali soil and black soil) with copper ion water solution and zinc ion water solution, respectively, standing at room temperature (25deg.C) for 2d to fully pollute the soil, and respectively obtaining metal copper-polluted soil and metal zinc-polluted soil, wherein Cu in the metal copper-polluted soil 2+ Zn in soil polluted by metallic zinc with the content of 200mg/kg 2+ The content is 500mg/kg;
(2) Mixing 1mL of each yeast suspension with 2mLYPD culture medium, adding 10g of metallic copper-polluted soil and 10g of metallic zinc-polluted soil, and culturing at 35 ℃ for 2d; soaking 0.5g of sterilized cotton with 2.5mL of YPD culture medium, air-drying in a sterile operation table to obtain cotton loaded with nutrients, and extracting the cultivated soil in two ways of insertion and coverage:
(1) insertion type: preparing the cotton loaded with the nutrient substances as a filling material into an adsorption extraction column, and inserting the adsorption extraction column into soil, wherein the ratio of the bottom area of the adsorption extraction column to the area of the soil is 1:9, the adsorption extraction column is positioned at the center of the soil layer; the preparation method of the adsorption extraction column comprises the following steps: cutting off a 1.5mL centrifuge tube at a position 0.5cm away from the bottom, and then manufacturing 4 fence-type tooth grooves uniformly distributed on the side wall of the centrifuge tube to form 4 fence plates uniformly distributed on the side wall of the centrifuge tube, wherein the length of each fence plate is 1cm, so as to obtain a support; then wrapping the cotton loaded with the nutrient substances by using a net, and filling the net into the support to obtain an adsorption extraction column;
(2) covering: covering the cotton loaded with the nutrient substances on the surface of soil, wherein the area of the soil is the same as that of the soil when the insertion type extraction is adopted;
the extraction temperature is 35 ℃ and the extraction time is 5d by adopting the two modes of insertion type and cover type;
(3) After the extraction, the soil was sampled by a quartering method, and the obtained soil sample and cotton were digested respectively, and then the heavy metal content was measured by an atomic absorption spectrophotometer, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 removal rates of different yeasts for heavy metals from soil contaminated with single heavy metal
As can be seen from the experimental results in Table 1, cu at 200mg/kg 2+ Contaminated soil, 500mg/kg Zn 2+ In the polluted soil, AY6, RX1, RZ3 and RY9 have adsorption and extraction effects on heavy metals, the maximum removal rate of Cu is 25.02% in sandy soil, the minimum removal rate is 22.75% in black soil, and the maximum removal rate of Cu is not less than that of the sandy soil; the maximum Zn removal rate is loess, and the coverage is35.52% and the lowest removal rate is 21.61% in black soil. In the extraction mode, the coverage type extraction effect is superior to the plug-in extraction, the extraction effect of heavy metals in loess and sandy soil is better in the selection of soil types, and the extraction effect in black soil and saline-alkali soil is not obvious in other two types, but the experiments prove that the invention can adsorb the heavy metals in the polluted soil by adopting saccharomycetes, and then the heavy metals can be extracted through cotton.
EXAMPLE 2 Strain antagonism experiments
In order to enhance the heavy metal adsorption effect of the microorganism, experiments were performed by using different combinations of microorganisms. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct an antagonism experiment on the strains used in the experiment, observe whether there is a zone of inhibition between them, and further judge whether there is an influence between them.
The antagonism experiment is carried out by adopting a filter paper sheet method in the embodiment, and the specific steps are as follows:
absorbing 100 mu L of YPD liquid culture bacteria liquid of one bacteria on an ultra-clean workbench by using a pipetting gun, uniformly coating the liquid culture bacteria liquid on a YPD solid culture medium, coating the liquid culture bacteria liquid on the YPD solid culture medium until no liquid flows, clamping three sterilized filter paper sheets by using sterilizing forceps, attaching the three sterilized filter paper sheets on the coated YPD solid culture medium, lightly pressing the three sterilized filter paper sheets to enable the filter paper sheets to be in close contact with the YPD solid culture medium, absorbing 10 mu L of YPD liquid culture bacteria liquid of other three bacteria by using the pipetting gun, placing a flat plate in the ultra-clean workbench for airing after the filter paper sheets completely absorb the bacteria liquid, and then placing the flat plate in a constant-temperature incubator at 37 ℃ for culturing for 24 hours to observe whether a bacteriostasis ring is generated. The results of the experiment are shown in Table 2, wherein "-" indicates no antagonism between the two bacteria and "+" indicates antagonism between the two bacteria.
TABLE 2 results of antagonism experiments between different bacteria
| AY6 | RX1 | RZ3 | RY9 | |
| AY6 | - | - | - | - |
| RX1 | - | - | + | + |
| RZ3 | - | + | - | + |
| RY9 | - | + | + | - |
As is clear from the results of example 1, AY6 has a remarkable effect of adsorbing heavy metals, and thus AY6 is used as a base bacterium, and the subsequent experiments were performed in combination with other experimental bacteria. As can be seen from Table 2, AY6 has no antagonistic action on RX1, RZ3 and RY9, and thus can be used in combination with other bacteria for adsorption and extraction of heavy metals.
Example 3 adsorption extraction of composite heavy Metal contaminated soil Using different Combined bacteria
According to the method of the embodiment 1, a covered extraction method is adopted, and different combined bacteria are utilized to carry out adsorption extraction on the copper and zinc composite heavy metal contaminated soil, wherein the copper and zinc composite heavy metal contaminated soil contains Cu 2+ The content of Zn is 200mg/kg 2 + The content is 500mg/kg; the ratio of the effective viable count of the two yeasts in the combined bacterium is 1:1 and the total amount of the combination bacteria is the same as that of the single bacteria in example 1. The experimental results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 removal rates of different combination bacteria on heavy metals in soil polluted by composite heavy metals
As shown in Table 3, the adsorption and extraction effects of heavy metals in heavy metal contaminated soil are greatly improved by different strain combinations, and in the adsorption and extraction of copper, the removal rate of copper in the soil after the strain combination is more than 50%, and the effects are particularly outstanding in sandy soil and loess; in the adsorption extraction of zinc, the removal rate of zinc in soil after the combination of strains can reach 59.73% at most, and the adsorption extraction effect of the strain is obviously superior to that of single strain. Thus, it was demonstrated that combining the strains better treated the soil contaminated with heavy metals.
Example 4
Carrying out adsorption extraction on solid waste sludge containing heavy metals and cow dung according to the method of the embodiment 3, wherein the sludge is from residual sludge of a sewage treatment plant, and the cow dung is from a pasture; the types and contents of heavy metals in the sludge and cow dung are shown in table 4, and the removal rate of the heavy metals is shown in table 5.
TABLE 4 content of various heavy metals in cow dung and sludge
| Content (mg/kg) | Cu | Zn | Ni | Cd | Pb |
| Cow dung | 34.77 | 140.00 | 6.67 | 0.38 | 2.07 |
| Sludge treatment | 217.61 | 236.67 | 8.33 | 2.57 | 7.20 |
TABLE 5 removal rates of different combination bacteria on heavy metals in cow dung and sludge
As can be seen from Table 5, the method provided by the invention can be used for carrying out adsorption extraction on heavy metals in solid wastes such as sludge and cow dung, so as to realize recovery of the heavy metals.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for absorbing and extracting heavy metals in heavy metal pollutants, comprising the following steps:
mixing saccharomycetes, nutrient substances and heavy metal pollutants, and carrying out adsorption treatment to obtain adsorbed pollutants; the heavy metal pollutants are heavy metal polluted soil, heavy metal polluted sludge or heavy metal polluted livestock manure; the saccharomycetes are RX1 saccharomycetes, AY6 saccharomycetes, RY9 saccharomycetes, RZ3 saccharomycetes, AY6+RX1 composite saccharomycetes, AY6+RZ3 composite saccharomycetes or AY6+RY9 composite saccharomycetes;
extracting the absorbed pollutants by adopting a carrier material loaded with nutrient substances; the extraction process includes: covering the surface of the absorbed pollutant with carrier material loaded with nutrient substances or preparing the carrier material loaded with nutrient substances as a filling material into an absorption and extraction column, and inserting the absorption and extraction column into the absorbed pollutant; the temperature of the extraction treatment is 15-40 ℃ and the time is 3-5 d.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the heavy metals in the heavy metal contaminants comprise one or more of Cu, zn, ni, cd and Pb.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the adsorption treatment is carried out at a temperature of 15 to 40 ℃ for a time of 2 to 10d.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the carrier material comprises one or more of cotton, straw, non-woven fabric, and cotton quilts.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the adsorption extraction column comprises a support provided with openings and a carrier material loaded with a nutrient substance filled in the support.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the nutrients employed in the adsorption and extraction processes independently comprise YPD medium, LB medium, PDA medium, or sand-protected medium.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111498948.0A CN114105315B (en) | 2021-12-09 | 2021-12-09 | Method for adsorbing and extracting heavy metals in heavy metal pollutants |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111498948.0A CN114105315B (en) | 2021-12-09 | 2021-12-09 | Method for adsorbing and extracting heavy metals in heavy metal pollutants |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114105315A CN114105315A (en) | 2022-03-01 |
| CN114105315B true CN114105315B (en) | 2023-11-14 |
Family
ID=80363761
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111498948.0A Active CN114105315B (en) | 2021-12-09 | 2021-12-09 | Method for adsorbing and extracting heavy metals in heavy metal pollutants |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114105315B (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5968359A (en) * | 1995-01-05 | 1999-10-19 | Krahn; Roland | Biotechnological purification of soil and water containing heavy metals |
| KR20130029354A (en) * | 2011-09-14 | 2013-03-22 | 고려대학교 산학협력단 | Method for removing heavy metal using siderophore produced by microbes |
| CN104531552A (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2015-04-22 | 苏州嘉禧萝生物科技有限公司 | Heavy metal contaminated soil microbe repairing agent and application thereof |
| DE102014206698A1 (en) * | 2014-04-07 | 2015-10-08 | G.U.B. Ingenieur Ag | Process and plant for sorption material fermentation |
| CN105543153A (en) * | 2016-03-17 | 2016-05-04 | 中创宏远（北京）环保科技有限公司 | Method for screening rhizosphere bacteria promoting heavy metal phytoremediation |
| CN108611286A (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2018-10-02 | 华南农业大学 | A kind of sulfa antibiotics/heavy-metal composite pollution degradation/adhered bacteria and its application |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003154352A (en) * | 2001-09-10 | 2003-05-27 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Method for restoring contaminated soil by microorganism |
| TWI580647B (en) * | 2013-12-28 | 2017-05-01 | 公立大學法人大阪府立大學 | Precious metal recovery method |
-
2021
- 2021-12-09 CN CN202111498948.0A patent/CN114105315B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5968359A (en) * | 1995-01-05 | 1999-10-19 | Krahn; Roland | Biotechnological purification of soil and water containing heavy metals |
| KR20130029354A (en) * | 2011-09-14 | 2013-03-22 | 고려대학교 산학협력단 | Method for removing heavy metal using siderophore produced by microbes |
| DE102014206698A1 (en) * | 2014-04-07 | 2015-10-08 | G.U.B. Ingenieur Ag | Process and plant for sorption material fermentation |
| CN104531552A (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2015-04-22 | 苏州嘉禧萝生物科技有限公司 | Heavy metal contaminated soil microbe repairing agent and application thereof |
| CN105543153A (en) * | 2016-03-17 | 2016-05-04 | 中创宏远（北京）环保科技有限公司 | Method for screening rhizosphere bacteria promoting heavy metal phytoremediation |
| CN108611286A (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2018-10-02 | 华南农业大学 | A kind of sulfa antibiotics/heavy-metal composite pollution degradation/adhered bacteria and its application |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114105315A (en) | 2022-03-01 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US10864492B2 (en) | Method for producing biochar aggregate particles | |
| US11312666B2 (en) | Mineral solubilizing microorganism infused biochars | |
| US10543173B2 (en) | Biochars for use with animals | |
| US11214528B2 (en) | Treated biochar for use in water treatment systems | |
| US10065163B2 (en) | Biochar extracts and method for capturing material extracted from biochar | |
| US10472297B2 (en) | Biochars for use in composting | |
| CN106905980B (en) | Heavy metal soil remediation agent, preparation method and application thereof in sludge digestion | |
| US10265670B2 (en) | Biochar extracts and method for capturing material extracted from biochar | |
| WO2018006094A1 (en) | Treated biochar for use in water treatment systems | |
| US20230125341A1 (en) | Reducing the environmental impact of farming using biochar | |
| WO2017139510A1 (en) | Biochars for use in composting | |
| WO2017210609A1 (en) | Mineral solubilizing microorganism infused biochars | |
| US20220204420A1 (en) | Mineral solubilizing microorganism infused biochars | |
| CN1654644A (en) | Immobilized white-rot fungus and its application for composting garbage | |
| CN114105315B (en) | Method for adsorbing and extracting heavy metals in heavy metal pollutants | |
| CN102626034B (en) | Method by utilizing microorganisms and ryegrasses to collectively repair garbage compost heavy-metal seepage system | |
| EP3411345A1 (en) | Biochar aggregate particles | |
| CA3013049A1 (en) | Biochars for use with animals | |
| US20220169577A1 (en) | Treated biochar for use in water treatment systems | |
| Sebastian et al. | Azolla farming for sustainable environmental remediation | |
| US11053171B2 (en) | Biochars for use with animals | |
| CN112457857A (en) | Soil conditioner for removing heavy metals in coal mining area | |
| Garanin et al. | Sorption of copper ions by immobilized yeast with poroforming additives | |
| CN106881351A (en) | The method that Composting repairing polluted soil is realized using feces of livestock and poultry | |
| Pratiwi et al. | Biochar nanoparticles: interactions with and impacts on soil and water microorganisms |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |