CN114105296A - Device and method for coupling short-cut denitrification anaerobic ammonia oxidation deep denitrification of internal carbon source based on low-oxygen complete nitrification - Google Patents
Device and method for coupling short-cut denitrification anaerobic ammonia oxidation deep denitrification of internal carbon source based on low-oxygen complete nitrification Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a device and a method for deep denitrification of anaerobic ammonia oxidation based on low-oxygen complete nitrification coupled internal carbon source short-cut denitrification. The device comprises an urban sewage raw water tank, an anaerobic reactor and a low-oxygen denitrification reactor. Firstly, pumping municipal sewage into an anaerobic reactor, converting organic matters in the sewage into an internal carbon source, storing the internal carbon source in activated sludge, then enabling outlet water of the sewage to enter a low-oxygen denitrification reactor in which anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria and complete nitrifying bacteria are symbiotic in the form of a mud-water mixture, controlling the concentration of dissolved oxygen by a controller, realizing the coexistence of the anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria and the complete nitrifying bacteria under the low-oxygen condition, realizing the complete nitrification-short-cut denitrification-anaerobic ammonia oxidation autotrophic denitrification process by utilizing the internal carbon source, and realizing energy conservation, consumption reduction and deep denitrification.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of biological sewage treatment, in particular to a device and a method for deep denitrification based on coupling of low-oxygen complete nitrification and short-cut denitrification anaerobic ammonia oxidation of an internal carbon source.
Background
Since 2015, the existence of complete nitrifying bacteria was discovered by two research teams and published in paper form on Nature, the understanding of nitrification has been renewed for over a hundred years. Two bacteria, AOB and NOB, that were isolated by russian scientists at the end of the 19 th century and were capable of completing nitrification step by step. Although complete nitrifiers have been demonstrated to have some competitive advantages over AOB and NOB in terms of microbial kinetics and thermodynamics in recent years, the slow growth rate of bacteria due to their long reaction pathways has been probably the reason for this not-observed over the years. Since the appearance of the complete nitrifying bacteria, the characteristics of low energy consumption and low substrate concentration attract the attention of many scientists, but because the physiological and biochemical characteristics of the complete nitrifying bacteria are not clear, a specific method for coupling deep denitrification with other microorganisms is not available for a while.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a device and a method for anaerobic ammonia oxidation and deep denitrification based on the coupling of low-oxygen complete nitrification and internal carbon source short-cut denitrification. The short-range denitrification is supplied by adopting an internal carbon source to convert nitrate nitrogen into nitrite nitrogen, and then nitrite nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen are converted into nitrogen through anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction. Compared with the traditional nitrification and denitrification, the short-cut denitrification and anaerobic ammonia oxidation organic carbon source has low demand and low oxygen consumption, and simultaneously, because the complete nitrification and the short-cut denitrification and anaerobic ammonia oxidation occur simultaneously, the 100 percent denitrification can be realized theoretically, so that the possibility is provided for deep denitrification.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: a device for coupling short-cut denitrification anaerobic ammonia oxidation deep denitrification of an internal carbon source based on low-oxygen complete nitrification comprises a municipal sewage raw water tank, an anaerobic reactor and a low-oxygen denitrification reactor; the urban sewage raw water tank comprises a tank body, a first overflow pipe, an emptying pipe and a water inlet pump, wherein the first overflow pipe and the emptying pipe are arranged on the tank body; the anaerobic reactor comprises an anaerobic reaction container, a water inlet valve, a first stirrer and a second overflow pipe, wherein the second overflow pipe is arranged on the anaerobic reaction container, and stirring blades of the first stirrer are positioned in the anaerobic reactor; the low-oxygen denitrification reactor comprises a low-oxygen denitrification reaction container, a second stirrer, an aeration head, an air compressor, a controller, a third overflow pipe, a water outlet valve, a membrane component and a sludge reflux pump; the air compressor, the gas flowmeter and the aeration head are sequentially connected through a pipeline, and the aeration head is positioned in the low-oxygen denitrification reaction container; the controller is respectively connected with the dissolved oxygen sensor and the air compressor; the controller controls the air compressor through the dissolved oxygen value of the dissolved oxygen sensor, the air compressor stops running when the dissolved oxygen is larger than 0.07mg/L, and the air compressor is started to run when the dissolved oxygen is lower than 0.02 mg/L. The stirring blade of the second stirrer is positioned in the low-oxygen denitrification reaction container; the membrane module is arranged on the inner wall of the low-oxygen denitrification reaction vessel, and water is discharged by adopting the membrane module; the controller is adopted to control the dissolved oxygen in the low-oxygen denitrification reactor, so that the complete nitrifying bacteria can perform nitrification, and the anaerobic ammonia oxidation is not inhibited by oxygen. The box body of the urban sewage raw water box is connected with a water inlet pipe of an anaerobic reaction container of the anaerobic reactor through a water inlet pump, and a water pump is used for conveying sewage in the urban sewage raw water box to the anaerobic reactor; a water outlet pipe of the anaerobic reactor is connected with the low-oxygen denitrification reaction container; the sludge reflux pump is respectively connected with the low-oxygen denitrification reaction container, a water inlet pump of the urban sewage raw water tank and a water inlet valve of the anaerobic reactor through pipelines.
Furthermore, the membrane component is composed of a polyethylene hollow fiber membrane, the aperture of the membrane fiber is 0.1 mu m, and the membrane fiber can intercept microbial cells, so that the microbial cells cannot pass through the membrane, and further remain in the reactor, and the reactor has a longer sludge age. Because the growth rates of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria and the complete nitrifying bacteria are slow, the denitrification effect caused by biomass loss is prevented from being low.
Further, a peristaltic pump is connected to the membrane module to keep the water level in the MBR (membrane bioreactor) constant.
A method for coupling short-cut denitrification anaerobic ammonia oxidation deep denitrification of an internal carbon source based on low-oxygen complete nitrification adopts any one of the devices of the invention, and comprises the following steps:
starting the system: inoculating common activated sludge of the urban sewage plant and adding the activated sludge into an anaerobic reaction container to ensure that the sludge concentration is 2000-4000 mg/L; mixing the anaerobic ammonia oxidation sludge and the fully nitrified sludge subjected to enrichment culture, adding the mixture into a low-oxygen denitrification reaction container to enable the sludge concentration to reach 1500-3000mg/L, and adjusting the sludge concentrations of the two bacteria within the sludge concentration range to enable the ratio of the aerobic ammonia oxidation rate to the anaerobic ammonia oxidation rate in the reactor to be 1.1-1.5.
The runtime adjustment operation is as follows:
(1) controlling the sludge age of the anaerobic reactor to be 3-10d, controlling the sludge age of the hypoxia denitrification reactor to be 10-30d, controlling the hydraulic retention time to be 30-60min and controlling the sludge reflux ratio to be 30-100%;
(2) adding wastewater containing ammonia nitrogen and COD into a raw municipal sewage water tank;
(3) sequentially passing the wastewater through a municipal sewage raw water tank, an anaerobic reactor and a low-oxygen denitrification reactor;
(4) turning on a power supply of the dissolved oxygen controller to start an air compressor, filling oxygen into the low-oxygen denitrification reactor, and monitoring and controlling the change condition of the dissolved oxygen in the reactor in real time by the controller to keep the dissolved oxygen between 0.02 and 0.07 mg/L;
(5) starting a sludge reflux pump to reflux the sludge-water mixture in the low-oxygen denitrification reactor to the anaerobic reactor, and supplementing the bacterial load of the anaerobic reactor to ensure that the internal carbon source can be completely stored in the anaerobic reactor; when the effluent nitrate nitrogen is increased, the sludge reflux ratio is increased, and the initial sludge reflux ratio is set to be 30%.
The denitrification principle of the invention is as follows: firstly, pumping municipal sewage into an anaerobic reactor, converting organic matters in the sewage into an internal carbon source, storing the internal carbon source in activated sludge, then enabling outlet water of the sewage to enter a low-oxygen denitrification reactor in which anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria and complete nitrifying bacteria are symbiotic in the form of a mud-water mixture, controlling the concentration of dissolved oxygen by a controller, realizing the coexistence of the anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria and the complete nitrifying bacteria under the low-oxygen condition, realizing the complete nitrification-short-cut denitrification-anaerobic ammonia oxidation autotrophic denitrification process by utilizing the internal carbon source, and realizing energy conservation, consumption reduction and deep denitrification.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the prior biological denitrification process, the method has the following advantages:
1) the demand of carbon sources is reduced by the short-cut denitrification anaerobic ammonia oxidation, so that organic carbon sources are saved in the denitrification process;
2) the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction is carried out, so that part of ammonia nitrogen does not need aerobic oxidation, the oxygen demand is reduced, and the aeration rate is reduced;
3) complete nitrification and short-range denitrification anaerobic ammonia oxidation occur simultaneously, 100% nitrogen removal can be realized theoretically, and deep denitrification can be realized;
4) n in anaerobic ammonia oxidation process2The emission of O is low, so that the emission of greenhouse gases in the sewage treatment process is reduced, and the targets of carbon peak reaching and carbon neutralization are favorably realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the device for deep denitrification of anaerobic ammonia oxidation based on coupling of low-oxygen complete nitrification and short-cut denitrification of an internal carbon source.
In the figure, 1 is a raw water tank of municipal sewage, 2 is an anaerobic reactor, and 3 is a low-oxygen denitrification reactor; 10 is a box body, 11 is a first overflow pipe, 12 is an emptying pipe, and 13 is a water inlet pump; 20 is an anaerobic reaction container, 21 is a water inlet valve, 22 is a first stirrer, and 23 is a second overflow pipe; 30 is a low oxygen denitrification reaction vessel, 31 is a second stirrer, 32 is an aeration head, 33 is a gas flowmeter, 34 is an air compressor, 35 is a controller, 36 is a third overflow pipe, 37 is a water outlet valve, 38 is a membrane component, 310 is a sludge reflux pump, 311 is a dissolved oxygen sensor.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical content of the invention, specific examples are provided below to further illustrate the invention.
The experimental methods used in the examples of the present invention are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
The materials, reagents and the like used in the examples of the present invention can be obtained commercially without specific description.
As shown in fig. 1, the device for short-cut denitrification and anaerobic ammonia oxidation deep denitrification based on the coupling of low-oxygen complete nitrification and internal carbon source comprises a municipal sewage raw water tank 1, an anaerobic reaction container 20 and a low-oxygen denitrification reactor 3; the urban sewage raw water tank 1 comprises a tank body 10, a first overflow pipe 11, an emptying pipe 12 and a water inlet pump 13, wherein the first overflow pipe 11 is positioned at the upper side of the tank body 10, the emptying pipe 12 is positioned at the bottom of the tank body 10, and the water inlet pump 13 is positioned at the lower side of the tank body 10; the anaerobic reactor 2 comprises an anaerobic reaction vessel 20, a water inlet valve 21, a first stirrer 22 and a second overflow pipe 23, wherein the second overflow pipe 23 is positioned at the upper side of the anaerobic reaction vessel 20, and a stirring blade of the first stirrer 22 is positioned inside the anaerobic reaction vessel 20; the low-oxygen denitrification reactor 3 comprises a low-oxygen denitrification reaction vessel 30, a second stirrer 31, an aeration head 32, a gas flow meter 33, an air compressor 34, a controller 35, a third overflow pipe 36, a water outlet valve 37, a membrane module 38, a sludge reflux pump 310 and a dissolved oxygen sensor 311; the air compressor 34, the gas flowmeter 33 and the aeration head 32 are sequentially connected through a pipeline, and the aeration head 32 is positioned in the low oxygen denitrification reaction vessel 30; the controller 35 is a dissolved oxygen controller, and the controller 35 is respectively connected with the dissolved oxygen sensor 311 and the air compressor 34; the controller 35 controls the air compressor 34 by the dissolved oxygen value of the dissolved oxygen sensor 311, and when the dissolved oxygen is greater than 0.07mg/L, the air compressor 34 stops operating, and when the dissolved oxygen is less than 0.02mg/L, the air compressor 34 starts operating. The stirring blades of the second stirrer 31 are positioned inside the hypoxic denitrification reaction vessel 30; the membrane module 38 is made of polyethylene hollow fiber membrane and is installed on the inner wall of the hypoxic denitrification reaction vessel 30, and the membrane module 38 is connected with a peristaltic pump to keep the water level in the MBR constant. The box body 10 of the urban sewage raw water box 1 is connected with the water inlet pipe of the anaerobic reaction container 20 through the water inlet pump 13; the water outlet pipe of the anaerobic reaction container 20 is connected with the low oxygen denitrification reaction container 30; the sludge reflux pump 310 is respectively connected with the low-oxygen denitrification reaction vessel 30, the water inlet pump 13 of the urban sewage raw water tank 1 and the water inlet valve 21 of the anaerobic reactor through pipelines; the raw urban sewage tank 1 is connected with a water inlet pipe of the anaerobic reactor 2; the water outlet pipe of the anaerobic reactor 2 is connected with the low-oxygen denitrification reactor 3; the sludge reflux pump 310 is respectively connected with the hypoxia denitrification reaction container 3, the city sewage raw water tank 1 and the anaerobic reaction container 2 through pipelines.
The test simulates the urban sewage as raw water, and the specific water quality is as follows: the COD concentration is 130-280 mg/L;
the concentration is 60-89mg/L,
as shown in figure 1, the test system comprises an anaerobic reaction container 20 and a low-oxygen denitrification reaction container 30 which are both made of organic glass, the effective volume of the anaerobic reaction container 20 is 10L, the effective volume of the low-oxygen denitrification reaction container 30 is 10L, and the effective volume of a raw water tank of municipal sewage is 20L.
The specific operation is as follows:
1) starting the system: inoculating common activated sludge of the urban sewage plant and adding the activated sludge into an anaerobic reaction container 20 to ensure that the sludge concentration is 2000-4000 mg/L; mixing anaerobic ammonium oxidation sludge and fully nitrified sludge subjected to enrichment culture, adding the mixture into a low-oxygen denitrification reaction container 30 to enable the sludge concentration to reach 1500-3000mg/L, and adjusting the sludge concentrations of two bacteria within the sludge concentration range to enable the ratio of the aerobic ammonium oxidation rate to the anaerobic ammonium oxidation rate in the low-oxygen denitrification reaction container 30 to be 1.1-1.5;
the runtime adjustment operation is as follows:
2.1) controlling the sludge age of the anaerobic reactor 2 to be 3-10d, controlling the sludge age of the hypoxia denitrification reactor 3 to be 10-30d, controlling the hydraulic retention time to be 30-60min and controlling the sludge reflux ratio to be 30-100%;
2.2) adding the simulated wastewater containing ammonia nitrogen and COD into the urban sewage raw water tank 10;
2.3) the simulated wastewater sequentially passes through the urban sewage raw water tank 10, the anaerobic reactor 20 and the low-oxygen denitrification reactor 30;
2.4) turning on the power supply of the dissolved oxygen controller 36 to turn on the switch of the air compressor 34, filling oxygen into the low-oxygen denitrification reactor 30, and monitoring and controlling the change condition of the dissolved oxygen in the low-oxygen denitrification reactor 30 in real time by the controller 36 to keep the dissolved oxygen between 0.02mg/L and 0.07 mg/L;
2.5) starting a sludge reflux pump 310 to reflux the sludge-water mixture in the low-oxygen denitrification reactor 3 to the anaerobic reactor 2, and supplementing the bacterial load of the anaerobic reactor 2 to ensure that the internal carbon source can be completely stored in the anaerobic reactor; when the effluent nitrate nitrogen is increased, the sludge reflux ratio is increased, and the initial sludge reflux ratio is set to be 30%.
Preferably, the pore size of the membrane fiber is 0.1 μm, and the microbial cells cannot pass through and are retained in the reactor. Because the growth rates of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria and the complete nitrifying bacteria are slow, the denitrification effect caused by biomass loss is prevented from being low.
The test result shows that: after the operation is stable, the COD concentration of the effluent of the anaerobic reactor is 30-60mg/L,
the concentration is 55-80mg/L,
the concentration is 0.1-3.5mg/L,
the concentration is 0.1-1.0 mg/L; the COD concentration of the effluent of the low-oxygen denitrification reactor is 20-30mg/L,
the concentration is 0-10mg/L,
the concentration is 0-3.0mg/L,
the concentration is 0-4.0 mg/L. Compared with the traditional biological denitrification process, the method can save oxygen consumption by 60-95 percent and reduce the total nitrogen of effluent by 50-200 percent.
In conclusion, municipal sewage firstly enters an anaerobic reactor, organic matters in the sewage are converted into an internal carbon source and stored in activated sludge, and then the effluent enters a low-oxygen denitrification reactor in which anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria and complete nitrifying bacteria are symbiotic, so that complete nitrification-short-range denitrification anaerobic ammonia oxidation autotrophic nitrogen removal is realized; the low-oxygen denitrification reactor controls dissolved oxygen in a target range through the controller, realizes coexistence of anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria and complete nitrifying bacteria under a low-oxygen condition, realizes a complete nitrification-short-cut denitrification-anaerobic ammonium oxidation autotrophic denitrification process by utilizing an internal carbon source, and realizes energy conservation, consumption reduction and deep denitrification.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A device for coupling short-cut denitrification anaerobic ammonia oxidation deep denitrification of an internal carbon source based on low-oxygen complete nitrification is characterized by comprising a municipal sewage raw water tank, an anaerobic reactor and a low-oxygen denitrification reactor;
the low-oxygen denitrification reactor comprises a low-oxygen denitrification reaction container, a second stirrer, an aeration head, an air compressor, a gas flowmeter, a controller, a third overflow pipe, a water outlet valve, a membrane component and a sludge reflux pump; the air compressor, the gas flowmeter and the aeration head are sequentially connected through a pipeline, and the aeration head is positioned in the low-oxygen denitrification reaction container; the controller is respectively connected with the dissolved oxygen sensor and the air compressor; the stirring blade of the second stirrer is positioned in the low-oxygen denitrification reaction container; the membrane module is arranged on the inner wall of the low-oxygen denitrification reaction vessel;
the raw urban sewage tank is connected with a water inlet pipe of the anaerobic reactor; a water outlet pipe of the anaerobic reactor is connected with the low-oxygen denitrification reaction container; the sludge reflux pump is respectively connected with the hypoxia denitrification reaction container, the urban sewage raw water tank and the anaerobic reactor through pipelines.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the raw municipal sewage tank comprises a tank body, a first overflow pipe, an emptying pipe and a water inlet pump, the first overflow pipe and the emptying pipe are arranged on the tank body, and the water inlet pump is used for conveying sewage in the raw municipal sewage tank to the anaerobic reactor.
3. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the anaerobic reactor comprises an anaerobic reaction vessel, a water inlet valve, a first stirrer and a second overflow pipe, the second overflow pipe is arranged on the anaerobic reaction vessel, and stirring blades of the first stirrer are positioned inside the anaerobic reaction vessel.
4. The device according to claim 3, wherein the membrane module is composed of polyethylene hollow fiber membrane, the pore diameter of the membrane fiber of the polyethylene hollow fiber membrane is 0.1 μm, and the membrane module is connected with a peristaltic pump.
5. A method for deep denitrification based on short-cut denitrification anaerobic ammonia oxidation of an internal carbon source coupled with low-oxygen complete nitrification is characterized in that the device of any one of claims 1 to 4 is adopted, and the method comprises the following steps: starting the system: inoculating common activated sludge of the urban sewage plant and adding the activated sludge into an anaerobic reaction container to ensure that the sludge concentration is 2000-4000 mg/L; mixing the anaerobic ammonia oxidation sludge and the fully nitrified sludge subjected to enrichment culture, adding the mixture into a low-oxygen denitrification reaction container to enable the sludge concentration to reach 1500-3000mg/L, and adjusting the sludge concentrations of the two bacteria within the sludge concentration range to enable the ratio of the aerobic ammonia oxidation rate to the anaerobic ammonia oxidation rate in the low-oxygen denitrification reactor to be 1.1-1.5.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the sludge age of the anaerobic reactor is controlled to 3-10d, the sludge age of the hypoxic denitrification reactor is controlled to 10-30d, the hydraulic retention time is 30-60min, and the sludge reflux ratio is 30-100%.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the wastewater containing ammonia nitrogen and COD is added into the raw municipal sewage tank, and the wastewater sequentially passes through the raw municipal sewage tank, the anaerobic reactor and the low-oxygen denitrification reactor.
8. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the power of the dissolved oxygen controller is turned on to turn on the air compressor, oxygen is charged into the low oxygen denitrification reactor, and the controller monitors and controls the change of the dissolved oxygen in the reactor in real time to maintain the dissolved oxygen at 0.02-0.07 mg/L.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the sludge reflux pump is started to reflux the sludge-water mixture in the low-oxygen denitrification reactor to the anaerobic reactor, and the bacterial load of the anaerobic reactor is supplemented to ensure that the internal carbon source can be completely stored in the anaerobic reactor; when the effluent nitrate nitrogen is increased, the sludge reflux ratio is increased, and the initial sludge reflux ratio is set to be 30%.
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| CN202111338840.5A CN114105296B (en) | 2021-11-12 | 2021-11-12 | Device and method for deep denitrification based on low-oxygen complete nitrification and coupling of internal carbon source short-range denitrification anaerobic ammonia oxidation |
| AU2021290368A AU2021290368B1 (en) | 2021-11-12 | 2021-11-22 | Device and method for advanced nitrogen removal based on complete nitrification coupled with endogenous partial-denitrification/anammox under low oxygen condition |
| PCT/CN2021/131997 WO2023082316A1 (en) | 2021-11-12 | 2021-11-22 | Anaerobic ammonia oxidation deep denitrification method and apparatus based on low-oxygen total nitrification coupled with internal carbon source shortcut denitrification |
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| CN106830302A (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2017-06-13 | 浙江大学 | The MBR complete nitrifications bacterium concentrating device and its method of dissolved oxygen Automated condtrol |
| WO2021146212A1 (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2021-07-22 | University Of Washington | Microbe-based systems, compositions, and methods thereof |
| CN111847775A (en) * | 2020-07-10 | 2020-10-30 | 珠海九通水务股份有限公司 | Sewage treatment process |
| CN112299559A (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2021-02-02 | 太原理工大学 | Whole-process nitrification, short-process denitrification and anaerobic ammonia oxidation single-stage coupling process control method |
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