CN114102090B - Sectional assembly device and method for central camshaft of marine diesel engine - Google Patents
Sectional assembly device and method for central camshaft of marine diesel engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN114102090B CN114102090B CN202111540979.8A CN202111540979A CN114102090B CN 114102090 B CN114102090 B CN 114102090B CN 202111540979 A CN202111540979 A CN 202111540979A CN 114102090 B CN114102090 B CN 114102090B
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Abstract
The sectional assembly device and the method for the central camshaft of the marine diesel engine are provided, the camshaft installation mode of the sectional structure is optimized, and the balanced lifting of the camshaft journal and the camshaft section can be realized by combining with the sectional assembly device, so that the problem that the concave cavity structure of the camshaft box of the engine body cannot vertically lift and load parts is solved, the efficiency and the assembly quality of the central camshaft of the diesel engine are realized, the problem that the camshaft has no effective assembly method is solved, the problem of the difficult assembly of the camshaft of the marine high-power diesel engine is solved, a brand new method is provided for the assembly of the camshaft of the diesel engine with a similar structure, the problems of unstable quality, low reliability, potential safety hazard and the like in the existing assembly method are solved, the assembly difficulty and the working strength of the camshaft are reduced, and the device has wider application field and better popularization value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of marine diesel engine camshaft assembly, and particularly relates to a sectional assembly device and method for a marine diesel engine central camshaft.
Background
The cam shaft is one of key parts on marine diesel engine, and has the function of controlling the opening and closing actions of the valve, and the valve is driven by the gear between the cam shaft and the crank shaft, and the cam piece on the cam shaft of each cylinder is used for lifting the tappet mechanism and the rocker arm part, so that the intake valve and the exhaust valve of each cylinder are opened and closed regularly according to the requirement of the ignition sequence of the diesel engine, the fresh air is made to enter the cylinder in time, and the waste gas is discharged from the cylinder in time.
The high-power marine diesel engine of some models is 12 jar V type structures, develops new machine for me company, through analyzing its structure, the camshaft assembly has following difficulty: (1) the weight of the whole machine is large (more than 40 tons), the camshafts are arranged on two sides of the machine body, the whole machine body is of a fully-supported middle-set type segmented structure, each cylinder is one section, the installation position of the camshaft of the machine body is high (the height from the center of a main bearing hole of the machine body is more than 1.5 meters), and the assembly difficulty of the camshaft is high; (2) the total number of camshaft sections of the whole machine is 12, the total number of camshaft journals is 14, the total number of high-strength bolts is 384, the structure is complex, and the number of connecting bolts is large; (3) the camshaft section and the shaft diameter are spigot and positioning pins for positioning, so that the connection positioning precision is high; (4) the camshaft journal and the camshaft section are connected by 16 high-strength bolts, the bolts are coated with the Letai thread locking glue, the bolts need to be screwed down with torque twice, the Letai glue is easy to dry during installation, the bolts cannot be screwed down quickly by using a common torque wrench, and the screwing down space in a concave cavity is narrow; (5) the camshaft journals are arranged at the camshaft bearing holes of each gear of the machine body and are in clearance fit, and the camshaft sections are suspended in the camshaft bearing holes of each gear and cannot be vertically lifted and installed into the camshaft sections by ropes; (6) the maximum eccentric size of an air inlet cam plate and an air outlet cam plate on the camshaft section is about 10mm larger than the axial diameter size of the camshaft, and the camshaft cannot be axially installed along the cam bearing hole of the machine body; (7) the weight of the camshaft journal is about 40Kg, the weight of the camshaft section is about 50Kg, and the weight exceeds the limit that an assembler can assemble parts by hands by 4-5 times, so that the parts cannot be assembled by hands;
through investigation, the camshaft structure and assembly of marine diesel engines in China mainly adopt the following two schemes:
scheme one: the cam shaft is of an integral structure, a cam plate and a cam shaft journal are integrally formed, and the cam shaft is guided and installed from a cam bearing hole at one end of the machine body during assembly; cleaning the whole cam shaft and the cam bearing hole, smearing lubricating oil in the cam shaft and the cam bearing hole, installing a guide taper shaft at the end of the cam shaft, installing a cam shaft guide sleeve at the free end of the machine body, hanging the middle part of the cam shaft by using a rope, and slowly pushing the cam shaft to the position of the last gear of bearing; the following technical defects exist in the scheme: when the whole camshaft is assembled, the camshaft is large in deformation, difficult in guiding and mounting, easy to knock the journal surface of the camshaft, and the risk of pulling the bearing hole of the cam of the machine body exists; when the whole camshaft is poked into the machine body from one end, a longer installation space is needed; the camshaft is lifted by using the rope, the gravity center of the camshaft is not well determined, and the camshaft is easy to have eccentric instability risk.
Scheme II: the cam shaft is of a three-section structure, the whole cam shaft is composed of a free end section, a middle section and an output end section, the three sections are preassembled into a whole cam shaft part, and then the whole cam shaft part is assembled into a cam bearing hole of the machine body; sequentially placing the three-section camshaft on a V-shaped iron of a camshaft assembly platform, loading a locating pin into a camshaft locating pin hole, aligning a spigot and the locating pin, planting a stud, screwing a nut by using a common torque wrench, completing the pre-assembly of the three-section camshaft, and loading the whole camshaft part into a machine body according to the technological process of the scheme I; technical defects: the scheme needs to pre-assemble a cam shaft, increases a pre-working procedure, tows the rhythms, and has complicated operation; the common torque wrench has low tightening efficiency, and can not solve the problem of rapid tightening before the locking glue is dried rapidly; when the whole camshaft is assembled, the same risk exists as that of the scheme one; in view of the above, improvements are needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the technical problems that: the sectional assembly device and the method for the central camshaft of the marine diesel engine are provided, the camshaft installation mode of the sectional structure is optimized, and the balanced lifting of the camshaft journal and the camshaft section can be realized by combining with the sectional assembly device, so that the problem that the concave cavity structure of the camshaft box of the engine body cannot vertically lift and load parts is solved, the efficiency and the assembly quality of the central camshaft of the diesel engine are realized, the problem that the camshaft has no effective assembly method is solved, the problem of the difficult assembly of the camshaft of the marine high-power diesel engine is solved, a brand new method is provided for the assembly of the camshaft of the diesel engine with a similar structure, the problems of unstable quality, low reliability, potential safety hazard and the like in the existing assembly method are solved, the assembly difficulty and the working strength of the camshaft are reduced, and the device has wider application field and better popularization value.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that: the sectional assembly device of the central camshaft of the marine diesel engine comprises an L-shaped hanging bracket, wherein a lower connecting plate and an upper connecting plate which are distributed from bottom to top are fixed on the inner wall of the lower end of the L-shaped hanging bracket, a bracket with one end detachably and fixedly connected with the lower connecting plate is arranged on the inner side of the lower end of the L-shaped hanging bracket, and a camshaft journal is detachably fixed at the other end of the bracket and is driven to be arranged in a corresponding position of a cam bearing hole on the engine body through the lifted L-shaped hanging bracket; the inner side of the lower end of the L-shaped hanging bracket after the bracket is dismantled is provided with a bracket with one end detachably and fixedly connected with the lower connecting plate and the upper connecting plate, the camshaft shaft section is positioned at the other end of the bracket, the lifted L-shaped hanging bracket drives the camshaft shaft section to be arranged in a cam bearing hole between two adjacent camshaft journals, and two ends of the camshaft shaft section are fixedly connected with the camshaft journals at the corresponding ends after being stably butted.
The L-shaped hanging bracket comprises a vertical square pipe and a horizontal square pipe fixedly connected with the upper end of the vertical square pipe, wherein rib plates symmetrically arranged on two sides of the vertical square pipe are fixedly connected with the corresponding positions of the upper connecting plate, the lower end of the vertical square pipe is fixedly provided with a bottom plate fixedly connected with the lower end of the lower connecting plate, the horizontal square pipe is fixedly provided with a hanging plate by welding, a plurality of hanging holes are formed in the hanging plate, and the outer end part of the horizontal square pipe is fixedly provided with an end plate fixedly connected with the hanging plate.
Furthermore, connecting plates are arranged on two sides of the connecting ends of the vertical square pipe and the horizontal square pipe, and the connecting plates are fixedly connected with the vertical square pipe and the horizontal square pipe through hanger bolts and hanger nuts.
Further, the support includes terminal surface flange, heterogeneous gusset and Z type support, Z type support one end welded fastening is on the terminal surface flange, the terminal surface flange passes through support bolt and support nut to be fixed in down on the connecting plate, heterogeneous gusset welded fastening carries out the enhancement between terminal surface flange and Z type support and is connected, the last edge system of Z type support other end face has the circular arc groove, the system has the waist type hole that sets up with the circular arc groove is concentric and symmetric distribution in the circular arc groove both sides on the Z type support other end face, the tight bolt in waist type downthehole screw hole is connected with the screw hole adaptation that corresponds on the camshaft journal terminal surface back with camshaft journal lock fastening on the Z type support.
Further, the bracket comprises two symmetrically arranged supporting plates, the supporting plates adopt L-shaped plate structures which are connected with the horizontal sides in a transitional manner along an arc, transverse rib plates which are connected in a reinforcing manner are fixed between the horizontal sections of the two supporting plates, one end of each supporting plate is welded and fixed with an upper connecting plate and a lower connecting plate which are distributed up and down, the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate are respectively fixedly connected with the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate through bracket bolts and bracket nuts, an arc groove which is matched with the small-diameter section of the camshaft section is formed in the other end of each supporting plate, a rubber pad is fixed on the groove surface of each arc groove, and two small-diameter sections on the camshaft section are matched in the arc groove at the corresponding end.
The sectional assembly method of the central camshaft of the marine diesel engine comprises the following steps:
1) After connecting the lifting rope on the crown block with the lifting hole on the lifting plate, lifting the L-shaped lifting frame by using the crown block, checking whether the L-shaped lifting frame is complete or not, and ensuring that the L-shaped lifting frame structure is completed and the lifting is safe or not;
2) The end face flange in the bracket is tightly connected with the lower connecting plate by four groups of bracket bolts and bracket nuts;
3) Coating lubricating oil in cam bearing holes of a machine body, locking the cam shaft journals of the middle gear on the Z-shaped bracket by four fastening bolts which respectively penetrate through corresponding side waist-shaped holes on the other end plate surface of the Z-shaped bracket, stably lifting a cam shaft journal lifting tool consisting of the L-shaped bracket and the bracket, leading the cam shaft journals of the middle gear to enter from the cam shaft box door holes under the guidance of the cam shaft journal lifting tool, aligning and loading the cam shaft journals of the middle gear into the cam bearing holes of the middle gear;
4) After the camshaft journal of the middle gear is in place, the fastening bolt is removed, and the camshaft journal hoisting tool is moved out;
5) Locking the camshaft journals of adjacent gears on the Z-shaped bracket by four fastening bolts (9-4) which respectively penetrate through corresponding side waist holes on the other end plate surface of the Z-shaped bracket, stably lifting a camshaft journal lifting tool, leading the camshaft journals of the adjacent gears to enter from the camshaft box door holes (3) under the guidance of the camshaft journal lifting tool, aligning and loading the camshaft journals of the adjacent gears into the camshaft bearing holes of the adjacent gears,
6) After camshaft journals of adjacent gears are in place, the fastening bolts are removed, the camshaft journal hoisting tool is moved out, and the four bracket bolts and the bracket nuts are loosened to disconnect the bracket from the L-shaped hanging bracket;
7) The upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate in the bracket are respectively and fixedly connected with the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate by six groups of bracket bolts and bracket nuts, and the camshaft section is symmetrically placed in the arc grooves at the other ends of the two supporting plates of the bracket;
8) After the camshaft section is led to enter the camshaft box door hole at the corresponding position by the camshaft section hoisting tool, the camshaft section hoisting tool is stably butted with the camshaft shaft necks of the adjacent gears and the camshaft shaft necks of the middle gears positioned at the two ends of the camshaft section, and is aligned with the positioning pin and the spigot, and the camshaft section hoisting tool is withdrawn after the camshaft connecting bolt for connecting the camshaft section and the camshaft shaft necks is screwed in by hand;
9) The hydraulic torque wrench in the one-to-two hydraulic tightening device is aligned with the camshaft connecting bolt, the reaction force arm of the hydraulic torque wrench is adjusted to be abutted against the end face of the camshaft section, the matched oil pressure of the oil pump is set according to the specification of the camshaft connecting bolt, the camshaft connecting bolt is tightened by the one-to-two hydraulic tightening device after the oil pump is started, and the tightening of the camshaft connecting bolt can be completed diagonally and sequentially.
In the step 9), the one-to-two hydraulic tightening device comprises an electric oil pump and two hydraulic torque wrenches, wherein the electric oil pump is connected with the two hydraulic torque wrenches through an oil inlet pipe and an oil return pipe, the two hydraulic torque wrenches are controlled by the electric oil pump to work simultaneously or independently, and the hydraulic torque wrenches are provided with sleeves, and inner hexagonal grooves on the end faces of the sleeves are matched with hexagonal heads of the camshaft connecting bolts.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the technical scheme solves the problem of difficult assembly of the camshaft in the development process of the marine high-power diesel engine, provides a brand-new method for assembly of the camshaft of the diesel engine with a similar structure, and solves the problems of unstable quality, low reliability, potential safety hazard and the like in the existing assembly method;
2. the sectional assembly device has reasonable structural design, low material consumption, low manufacturing difficulty, convenient use and high safety coefficient, can adjust the connection mode according to the structure of the hoisting part, is suitable for hoisting the concave cavities of various parts, and is easy to popularize;
3. according to the technical scheme, the one-to-two hydraulic tightening device is efficient in tightening, two camshaft connecting bolts can be simultaneously tightened cooperatively, the assembly coaxiality is improved, the tightening efficiency is improved by more than 50% compared with that of an ordinary wrench, and a foundation is laid for automatic assembly of a diesel engine;
4. the technical scheme has reasonable assembly process, strong manufacturability, higher assembly process verification operability, and can finish the assembly work of the camshaft of the diesel engine by only two people in two hours, thereby having wider application field and better popularization value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of an L-shaped hanger of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the camshaft journal of the present invention mounted on a camshaft journal lifting tool formed by connecting an L-shaped hanger and a bracket;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the camshaft section of the present invention mounted on a camshaft section lifting tool comprised of an L-shaped hanger and a bracket;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention with the intermediate gear camshaft journals mounted on the fuselage;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention when camshaft journals of adjacent gears are mounted on the fuselage;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention when a camshaft section is mounted on a fuselage;
FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view of the camshaft of the present invention after installation into a fuselage;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a one-to-two hydraulic tightening device of the present invention.
Detailed Description
An embodiment of the present invention will now be described, with reference to fig. 1-8, to provide a clear and complete description of the technical solution, it being apparent that the described embodiment is only a partial embodiment of the present invention, but not all embodiments.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The sectional assembly device of the central camshaft of the marine diesel engine comprises an L-shaped hanging bracket 8, wherein a lower connecting plate 8-1 and an upper connecting plate 8-2 which are distributed from bottom to top are fixed on the inner wall of the lower end of the L-shaped hanging bracket 8, a bracket 9 with one end detachably fixedly connected with the lower connecting plate 8-1 is arranged on the inner side of the lower end of the L-shaped hanging bracket 8, and a camshaft journal 4 is detachably fixed at the other end of the bracket 9 and drives the camshaft journal 4 to be arranged in a corresponding position of a cam bearing hole 2 on the engine body 1 through the lifted L-shaped hanging bracket 8; the inner side of the lower end of the L-shaped hanging bracket 8 with the bracket 9 removed is provided with a bracket 10 with one end detachably and fixedly connected with the lower connecting plate 8-1 and the upper connecting plate 8-2, the camshaft shaft section 6 is positioned at the other end of the bracket 10, the lifted L-shaped hanging bracket 8 drives the camshaft shaft section 6 to be arranged in a camshaft bearing hole 2 between two adjacent camshaft journals 4, and the two ends of the camshaft shaft section 6 are fixedly connected with the camshaft journals 4 at the corresponding ends after being stably butted.
As shown in fig. 1, the specific structure of the L-shaped hanger 8 is as follows: the L-shaped hanging bracket 8 comprises a vertical square pipe 8-3 and a horizontal square pipe 8-9 fixedly connected with the upper end of the vertical square pipe 8-3, rib plates 8-10 symmetrically arranged on two sides of the vertical square pipe 8-3 are fixedly connected with the corresponding positions of an upper connecting plate 8-2, a bottom plate 8-11 fixedly connected with the lower end of a lower connecting plate 8-1 is fixed at the lower end of the vertical square pipe 8-3, a hanging plate 8-7 is fixedly welded on the horizontal square pipe 8-9, a plurality of hanging holes are formed in the hanging plate 8-7, an end plate 8-8 fixedly connected with the hanging plate 8-7 is fixedly arranged at the outer end part of the horizontal square pipe 8-9, 6 groups of equidistant hanging holes are designed on the hanging plate 8-7, the lifting gravity center is easy to adjust, and stable lifting is ensured; specifically, connecting plates 8-4 are arranged on two sides of the connecting ends of the vertical square pipe 8-3 and the horizontal square pipe 8-9, and the connecting plates 8-4 are fixedly connected with the vertical square pipe 8-3 and the horizontal square pipe 8-9 through hanger bolts 8-6 and hanger nuts 8-5; in the structure, the length of the vertical square pipe 8-3 can avoid a cylinder cover arranged on the machine body, and the length of the horizontal square pipe 8-9 can be controlled to adapt to the depth of a concave cavity of a cam shaft;
the specific structure of the bracket 9 is as follows: the bracket 9 comprises an end face flange 9-1, an isomerism rib plate 9-2 and a Z-shaped bracket 9-3, one end of the Z-shaped bracket 9-3 is welded and fixed on the end face flange 9-1, the end face flange 9-1 is fixed on the lower connecting plate 8-1 through a bracket bolt 9-5 and a bracket nut 9-6, the isomerism rib plate 9-2 is welded and fixed between the end face flange 9-1 and the Z-shaped bracket 9-3 for reinforcement connection, an arc groove is formed in the upper edge of the other end plate surface of the Z-shaped bracket 9-3, waist-shaped holes which are concentrically arranged with the arc groove and symmetrically distributed on two sides of the arc groove are formed in the other end plate surface of the Z-shaped bracket 9-3, after the fastening bolts 9-4 in the waist-shaped holes are matched and connected with corresponding threaded holes on the end face of the camshaft journal 4, the camshaft journal 4 is locked and fastened on the Z-shaped bracket 9-3, and the connecting piece structure of the bracket 9 on the L-shaped hanger 8 is shown in fig. 2; in the structure, the structure form of the Z-shaped bracket 9-3 is controlled, the Z-shaped bracket 9-3 can be tightly connected with various parts, and the Z-shaped bracket 9-3 is of a Z-shaped design and is easy to avoid the parts; the symmetrical waist-shaped holes are designed, so that the connection position is easy to adjust; the weight removing holes are designed, so that the weight of the lifting appliance is reduced;
the specific structure of the bracket 10 is as follows: the bracket 10 comprises two symmetrically arranged supporting plates 10-5, wherein the supporting plates 10-5 adopt an L-shaped plate-shaped structure with vertical sides and horizontal sides in arc transition connection, transverse rib plates 10-6 for reinforcing connection are fixed between horizontal sections of the two supporting plates 10-5, one end parts of the two supporting plates 10-5 are welded and fixed with an upper connecting plate 10-4 and a lower connecting plate 10-1 which are distributed up and down, the upper connecting plate 10-4 and the lower connecting plate 10-1 are respectively fixedly connected with an upper connecting plate 8-2 and a lower connecting plate 8-1 through bracket bolts 10-2 and bracket nuts 10-3, arc grooves matched with small-diameter sections of a camshaft section 6 are formed at the other end of the supporting plates 10-5, rubber pads are fixed on the groove surfaces of the arc grooves, scratch-proof parts (camshaft section 6) can be prevented, the two small-diameter sections on the camshaft section 6 are matched with the arc grooves at corresponding ends, and the connecting piece structure of the bracket 10 on the L-shaped hanging bracket 8 is shown in figure 3; in the structure, the dimension between the two symmetrically arranged supporting plates 10-5 is controlled to be used for lifting various parts, and the weight of the lifting appliance is reduced due to the fact that the weight removing holes are formed in the supporting plates 10-5.
The segmented assembly device of the central camshaft of the marine diesel engine uses ANSYS Workbench structural analysis, and has high safety coefficient; the welding mode is preferably full-melting arc welding, a hanging weight static load test is carried out on the lifting appliance, ultrasonic flaw detection is carried out on a welding seam, crack and lamellar tearing are avoided, welding is firm, structural design is reasonable, materials are low, manufacturing difficulty is low, use is convenient, safety coefficient is high, a connection mode can be adjusted according to the structure of a lifting part, and the device is suitable for lifting concave cavities of various parts and easy to popularize.
The sectional assembly method of the central camshaft of the marine diesel engine comprises the following steps:
1) After connecting the lifting rope on the crown block with the lifting hole on the lifting plate 8-7, lifting the L-shaped lifting frame 8 by using the crown block, checking whether the L-shaped lifting frame 8 is complete or not, and ensuring that the structure of the L-shaped lifting frame 8 is completed and the lifting is safe;
2) The end face flange 9-1 in the bracket 9 is tightly connected with the lower connecting plate 8-1 by four groups of bracket bolts 9-5 and bracket nuts 9-6;
3) Lubricating oil is smeared in the cam bearing holes 2 of the machine body 1, four groups of fastening bolts 9-4 which respectively penetrate through corresponding side waist-shaped holes on the other end plate surface of the Z-shaped bracket 9-3 are used for locking the cam shaft journals 4 of the middle gear on the Z-shaped bracket 9-3, a cam shaft journal hoisting tool consisting of the L-shaped bracket 8 and the bracket 9 is stably hoisted, and the cam shaft journals 4 of the middle gear are aligned after entering from the cam shaft box door holes 3 under the guidance of the cam shaft journal hoisting tool and are arranged in the cam bearing holes 2 of the middle gear, as shown in figure 4;
4) After the camshaft journal 4 of the intermediate gear is in place, the fastening bolt 9-4 is removed, and the camshaft journal hoisting tool is moved out;
5) Locking the camshaft journals 4 of adjacent gears on the Z-shaped bracket 9-3 by four fastening bolts 9-4 which respectively penetrate through corresponding side waist-shaped holes on the other end plate surface of the Z-shaped bracket 9-3 in pairs, stably hoisting a camshaft journal hoisting tool, leading the camshaft journals 4 of the adjacent gears to enter from the camshaft journal door holes 3 under the guidance of the camshaft journal hoisting tool, aligning and loading the camshaft journals 4 of the adjacent gears into the camshaft bearing holes 2 of the adjacent gears, as shown in figure 5;
6) After the camshaft journal 4 of the adjacent gear is in place, the fastening bolts 9-4 are removed, the camshaft journal hoisting tool is moved out, and the four bracket bolts 9-5 and the bracket nuts 9-6 are loosened to disconnect the bracket 9 from the L-shaped hanging bracket 8;
7) The upper connecting plate 10-4 and the lower connecting plate 10-1 in the bracket 10 are fixedly connected with the upper connecting plate 8-2 and the lower connecting plate 8-1 respectively by six groups of bracket bolts 10-2 and bracket nuts 10-3, and the camshaft shaft segment 6 is symmetrically placed in the arc grooves at the other ends of the two supporting plates 10-5 of the bracket 10, as shown in figure 3;
8) After the camshaft section 6 enters the camshaft box door hole 3 at the corresponding position under the guidance of the camshaft section hoisting tool, the camshaft section hoisting tool stably butts against the camshaft shaft necks 4 of the adjacent gears and the camshaft shaft necks 4 of the middle gears positioned at the two ends of the camshaft section 6, aligns to the positioning pin and the spigot, and withdraws the camshaft section hoisting tool after the camshaft connecting bolts 5 for connecting the camshaft section 6 and the camshaft shaft necks 4 are screwed in by hand, as shown in fig. 6;
9) The hydraulic torque wrench 11 in the one-to-two hydraulic tightening device is aligned with the camshaft connecting bolt 5, the reaction force arm of the hydraulic torque wrench 11 is adjusted to be abutted against the end face of the camshaft shaft section 6, the matched oil pressure of the oil pump is set according to the specification of the camshaft connecting bolt 5, the camshaft connecting bolt 5 is tightened by the one-to-two hydraulic tightening device after the oil pump is started, and the tightening of the camshaft connecting bolt 5 can be completed diagonally and sequentially; specifically, the one-to-two hydraulic tightening device comprises an electric oil pump 13 and two hydraulic torque wrenches 11, wherein the electric oil pump 13 is connected with the two hydraulic torque wrenches 11 through an oil inlet pipe and an oil return pipe, and the electric oil pump 13 controls the two hydraulic torque wrenches 11 to work simultaneously or independently, a sleeve 12 is arranged on the hydraulic torque wrenches 11, an inner hexagonal groove on the end surface of the sleeve 12 is matched with a hexagonal head of a camshaft connecting bolt 5, and a partial cross-sectional view after the camshaft is installed is shown in fig. 7;
the specific structure of the one-to-two hydraulic tightening device is shown in fig. 8, in the structure, the one-to-two hydraulic tightening device is efficient in tightening, two camshaft connecting bolts 5 can be simultaneously tightened cooperatively, the assembly coaxiality is improved, the tightening efficiency is improved by more than 50% compared with that of an ordinary wrench, and a foundation is laid for automatic assembly of a diesel engine; the electric oil pump 13 in the one-to-two hydraulic tightening device is preferably matched with three-level flow, has high speed and can drive 2-4 hydraulic torque wrenches 11 at the same time; the matched carbon brush-free high-power motor is convenient to maintain and long in service life; the aluminum-titanium alloy pump body is preferred, so that the pump is light and portable; the output pressure can be freely regulated within the range of 4-70MPa, the oil inlet pipe and the oil return pipe are preferably high-pressure hoses, the safety coefficient is 4 times, the hoses are steel-containing polymers, the performance is excellent, the high pressure resistance is high, and the flexibility and the elasticity are good; the sleeve 12 is preferably a special sleeve for a driving hydraulic wrench, can be manufactured by adopting high-strength alloy steel according to the bolt head structure selection design of the camshaft connecting bolt 5, and is subjected to heat treatment of HRC55-60; the hydraulic torque wrench 11 is a driving hydraulic wrench, preferably made of aluminum-titanium alloy and ultra-high strength alloy steel, the double-acting hydraulic design can lock and loosen bolts, the torque is precisely adjustable, the error is not more than +/-3%, the working pressure is 7-70MPa, the hydraulic torque wrench 11 is customized to 360-degree fine-tuning counter force arms, a plurality of position supports can be set, and the camshaft sections are used for force assistance; the matched 360 DEG x 180 DEG rotary joint can prevent the bending and the choking of the oil pipe caused by the narrow space of the concave cavity.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present disclosure describes embodiments, not every embodiment is provided with a separate embodiment, and that this description is provided for clarity only, and that the disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in detail below, and that the embodiments described in the examples may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments that will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a marine diesel in put segmentation assembly quality of formula camshaft which characterized in that: the lifting device comprises an L-shaped lifting frame (8), wherein a lower connecting plate (8-1) and an upper connecting plate (8-2) which are distributed from bottom to top are fixed on the inner wall of the lower end of the L-shaped lifting frame (8), a bracket (9) with one end detachably fixedly connected with the lower connecting plate (8-1) is arranged on the inner side of the lower end of the L-shaped lifting frame (8), a camshaft journal (4) is detachably fixed at the other end of the bracket (9), and the lifted L-shaped lifting frame (8) drives the camshaft journal (4) to be arranged in a corresponding position of a cam bearing hole (2) on a machine body (1); a bracket (10) with one end detachably and fixedly connected with the lower connecting plate (8-1) and the upper connecting plate (8-2) is arranged on the inner side of the lower end of the L-shaped hanging bracket (8) after the bracket (9) is removed, the camshaft shaft section (6) is positioned at the other end of the bracket (10), the lifted L-shaped hanging bracket (8) drives the camshaft shaft section (6) to be arranged in a camshaft bearing hole (2) between two adjacent camshaft journals (4), and the two ends of the camshaft shaft section (6) are fixedly connected with the camshaft journals (4) at the corresponding ends after being stably butted;
the support (9) comprises an end face flange (9-1), an isomerism rib plate (9-2) and a Z-shaped support (9-3), one end of the Z-shaped support (9-3) is welded and fixed on the end face flange (9-1), the end face flange (9-1) is fixed on a lower connecting plate (8-1) through a support bolt (9-5) and a support nut (9-6), the isomerism rib plate (9-2) is welded and fixed between the end face flange (9-1) and the Z-shaped support (9-3) for reinforcement connection, an arc groove is formed in the upper edge of the other end face of the Z-shaped support (9-3), waist-shaped holes which are concentrically arranged with the arc groove and symmetrically distributed on two sides of the arc groove are formed in the other end face of the Z-shaped support (9-3), and after the waist-shaped fastening bolts (9-4) are correspondingly and adaptively connected on the end face of the camshaft journal (4), the camshaft journal (4) is locked and fastened on the Z-shaped support (9-3);
the bracket (10) comprises two supporting plates (10-5) which are symmetrically arranged, the supporting plates (10-5) are of L-shaped plate structures which are connected with the horizontal side in a transitional mode along an arc, transverse rib plates (10-6) which are connected in a reinforcing mode are fixed between the horizontal sections of the two supporting plates (10-5), one end portion of each supporting plate (10-5) is fixedly welded with an upper connecting plate (10-4) and a lower connecting plate (10-1) which are distributed up and down, the upper connecting plates (10-4) and the lower connecting plates (10-1) are fixedly connected with the upper connecting plates (8-2) and the lower connecting plates (8-1) through bracket bolts (10-2) and bracket nuts (10-3), arc grooves which are matched with small-diameter sections of a camshaft section (6) are formed in the other end of each supporting plate (10-5), rubber pads are fixed on the arc groove surfaces, and the two small-diameter sections on the camshaft section (6) are matched with the arc grooves of the corresponding ends.
2. The marine diesel mid-set camshaft segmented assembly device of claim 1, wherein: the L-shaped hanging bracket (8) comprises a vertical square pipe (8-3) and a horizontal square pipe (8-9) fixedly connected with the upper end of the vertical square pipe (8-3), rib plates (8-10) symmetrically arranged on two sides of the vertical square pipe (8-3) are fixedly connected with the corresponding positions of the upper connecting plate (8-2), a bottom plate (8-11) fixedly connected with the lower end of the lower connecting plate (8-1) is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the vertical square pipe (8-3), a hanging plate (8-7) is fixedly welded on the horizontal square pipe (8-9) and a plurality of hanging holes are formed in the hanging plate (8-7), and an end plate (8-8) fixedly connected with the hanging plate (8-7) is fixedly arranged at the outer end of the horizontal square pipe (8-9).
3. The marine diesel mid-set camshaft segmented assembly device of claim 2, wherein: connecting plates (8-4) are arranged on two sides of the connecting ends of the vertical square pipe (8-3) and the horizontal square pipe (8-9), and the connecting plates (8-4) are fixedly connected with the vertical square pipe (8-3) and the horizontal square pipe (8-9) through hanger bolts (8-6) and hanger nuts (8-5).
4. The method for assembling the segments of the central camshaft of the marine diesel engine according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
1) After connecting a lifting rope on a crown block with a lifting hole on a lifting plate (8-7), lifting the L-shaped lifting frame (8) by using the crown block, checking whether the L-shaped lifting frame (8) is complete or not, and ensuring that the structure of the L-shaped lifting frame (8) is completed and the lifting is safe;
2) The end face flange (9-1) in the bracket (9) is tightly connected with the lower connecting plate (8-1) by four groups of bracket bolts (9-5) and bracket nuts (9-6);
3) Lubricating oil is smeared in the cam bearing holes (2) of the machine body (1), four groups of fastening bolts (9-4) respectively penetrate through corresponding side waist holes on the other end plate surface of the Z-shaped bracket (9-3) to lock the cam shaft journals (4) of the middle gear on the Z-shaped bracket (9-3), the cam shaft journal hoisting tool consisting of the L-shaped hoisting frame (8) and the bracket (9) is stably hoisted, and the cam shaft journals (4) of the middle gear are aligned after entering from the cam shaft box holes (3) under the guidance of the cam shaft journal hoisting tool and are arranged in the cam bearing holes (2) of the middle gear;
4) After the camshaft journal (4) of the middle gear is in place, the fastening bolt (9-4) is removed, and the camshaft journal hoisting tool is moved out;
5) Locking the camshaft journals (4) of adjacent gears on the Z-shaped bracket (9-3) by four fastening bolts (9-4) which respectively penetrate through corresponding side waist-shaped holes on the other end plate surface of the Z-shaped bracket (9-3), stably hoisting a camshaft journal hoisting tool, and aligning and loading the camshaft journals (4) of the adjacent gears into the camshaft bearing holes (2) of the adjacent gears after entering the camshaft journal door holes (3) under the guidance of the camshaft journal hoisting tool;
6) After the camshaft journals (4) of adjacent gears are in place, the fastening bolts (9-4) are removed, the camshaft journal hoisting tool is moved out, the four bracket bolts (9-5) and the bracket nuts (9-6) are loosened, and the bracket (9) is separated from the L-shaped hanging bracket (8);
7) The upper connecting plate (10-4) and the lower connecting plate (10-1) in the bracket (10) are respectively and fixedly connected with the upper connecting plate (8-2) and the lower connecting plate (8-1) by six groups of bracket bolts (10-2) and bracket nuts (10-3), and the camshaft section (6) is symmetrically placed in the arc grooves at the other ends of the two supporting plates (10-5) of the bracket (10);
8) The camshaft section hoisting tool is used for stably hoisting a camshaft section composed of an L-shaped hoisting frame (8) and a bracket (10), after the camshaft section (6) enters a camshaft box door hole (3) at a corresponding position under the guidance of the camshaft section hoisting tool, the camshaft section hoisting tool is stably butted with a camshaft journal (4) of an adjacent gear and a camshaft journal (4) of a middle gear which are positioned at two ends of the camshaft section (6), and is aligned with a locating pin and a spigot, and after a camshaft connecting bolt (5) for connecting the camshaft section (6) and the camshaft journal (4) is screwed in by hand, the camshaft section hoisting tool is removed;
9) The hydraulic torque wrench (11) in the one-to-two hydraulic tightening device is aligned with the camshaft connecting bolt (5), the reaction force arm of the hydraulic torque wrench (11) is adjusted to be abutted against the end face of the camshaft shaft section (6), the matched oil pressure of the oil pump is set according to the specification of the camshaft connecting bolt (5), the camshaft connecting bolt (5) is tightened by the one-to-two hydraulic tightening device after the oil pump is started, and the tightening of the camshaft connecting bolt (5) can be completed diagonally and sequentially.
5. The method for assembling the segments of the central camshaft of the marine diesel engine according to claim 4, wherein: in the step 9), the one-to-two hydraulic tightening device comprises an electric oil pump (13) and two hydraulic torque wrenches (11), wherein the electric oil pump (13) is connected with the two hydraulic torque wrenches (11) through an oil inlet pipe and an oil return pipe, the two hydraulic torque wrenches (11) are controlled to work simultaneously or independently by the electric oil pump (13), and a sleeve (12) is arranged on the hydraulic torque wrenches (11), and an inner hexagonal groove on the end face of the sleeve (12) is matched with a hexagonal head of the camshaft connecting bolt (5).
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| CN202111540979.8A CN114102090B (en) | 2021-12-16 | 2021-12-16 | Sectional assembly device and method for central camshaft of marine diesel engine |
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| CN202111540979.8A CN114102090B (en) | 2021-12-16 | 2021-12-16 | Sectional assembly device and method for central camshaft of marine diesel engine |
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