CN114102090A - Sectional assembling device and method for central camshaft of marine diesel engine - Google Patents
Sectional assembling device and method for central camshaft of marine diesel engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN114102090A CN114102090A CN202111540979.8A CN202111540979A CN114102090A CN 114102090 A CN114102090 A CN 114102090A CN 202111540979 A CN202111540979 A CN 202111540979A CN 114102090 A CN114102090 A CN 114102090A
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Abstract
The sectional assembly device and the method for the middle-mounted camshaft of the marine diesel engine are characterized in that the camshaft installation mode of a sectional structure is optimized, balanced lifting of a camshaft journal and a camshaft shaft section can be achieved through combination on the basis of the sectional assembly device, the problem that parts cannot be vertically lifted and installed in a cavity structure of a camshaft box of a machine body is solved, efficiency and assembly quality of the middle-mounted camshaft of the diesel engine are achieved, the problem that the camshaft does not have an effective assembly method is solved, the problem of assembly difficulty of the camshaft of the marine high-power diesel engine is solved, a brand new method is provided for assembling the camshaft of the diesel engine with a similar structure, the problems of unstable quality, low reliability, potential safety hazards and the like in the existing assembly method are solved, the assembly difficulty and the working strength of the camshaft are reduced, and the device has wide application field and good popularization value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of assembling of marine diesel engine camshafts, and particularly relates to a segmented assembling device and method for a central camshaft of a marine diesel engine.
Background
The camshaft is one of key parts on the marine diesel engine, and has the functions of controlling the opening and closing actions of the valve, is in gear transmission with the crankshaft, and is used for regularly opening and closing the air inlet and exhaust valves of each air cylinder according to the requirement of the ignition sequence of the diesel engine by jacking the tappet mechanism and the rocker arm part of the cam sheet on the camshaft of each cylinder, so that fresh air enters the air cylinder in time, and waste gas is discharged from the air cylinder in time.
The high-power marine diesel engine of some models is 12 jar V type structures, develops new machine for my company, and through analyzing its structure, the camshaft assembly has following difficult points: firstly, the whole machine is heavy (more than 40 tons), the cam shafts are arranged on two sides of the machine body and are of a full-support middle-mounted type segmented structure, one section of each cylinder is arranged, the installation position of the machine body cam shaft is high (the height from the center of a main bearing hole of the machine body is more than 1.5 meters), and the assembly difficulty of the cam shaft is high; secondly, the total number of the shaft sections of the camshaft of the whole machine is 12, the total number of the shaft necks of the camshaft is 14, the total number of the high-strength bolts is 384, the structure is complex, and a plurality of connecting bolts are arranged; thirdly, the shaft section and the shaft diameter of the camshaft are positioned by a spigot and a positioning pin, and the connecting and positioning precision is high; fourthly, connecting the camshaft journal and the camshaft section by 16 high-strength bolts in sections, coating le tai thread locking glue on the bolts, screwing the bolts with torque twice, wherein the installation of the le tai glue is easy to dry, the installation of the le tai glue can not be quickly screwed by using a common torque wrench, and the screwing space in the cavity is narrow; the shaft necks of the cam shafts are arranged at the bearing holes of the cam shafts of all gears of the machine body and are in clearance fit, and the shaft sections of the cam shafts are suspended in the door holes of the cam shaft boxes of all gears and cannot be vertically lifted and arranged in the cam shaft sections by means of ropes; sixthly, the maximum eccentric size of an upper exhaust cam sheet on the camshaft section is larger than the axial diameter of the camshaft by about 10mm, and the camshaft cannot be axially installed along a camshaft bearing hole of the machine body; seventhly, the weight of the camshaft journal is about 40Kg, the weight of the camshaft section is about 50Kg, the weight of the camshaft journal exceeds the limit of manually assembling parts by an assembler by 4-5 times, and the camshaft journal cannot be assembled by hands;
through investigation, the camshaft structure and assembly of the marine diesel engine in China mainly adopt the following two schemes:
the first scheme is as follows: the cam shaft is of an integral structure, a cam sheet and a cam shaft neck are integrally formed and machined, and the cam sheet and the cam shaft neck are guided and installed from a cam bearing hole at one end of the machine body during assembly; cleaning the whole camshaft and the cam bearing hole, smearing lubricating oil in the camshaft and the cam bearing hole, installing a guide conical shaft at the end of the camshaft, installing a camshaft guide sleeve at the free end of a machine body, hanging the middle part of the camshaft by a rope, and slowly pushing the camshaft to the last bearing; the first technical scheme has the following technical defects: when the whole camshaft is assembled, the camshaft is deformed greatly, the camshaft is difficult to guide and install, the journal surface of the camshaft is easy to be damaged, and the risk of damaging the bearing hole of the camshaft of the machine body is caused; when the whole camshaft is inserted from one end of the machine body for installation, a longer installation space is needed; when the rope is used for hoisting the camshaft, the gravity center of the camshaft is not well determined, and the camshaft is easy to have the risk of eccentric instability.
Scheme II: the camshaft is of a three-section structure, the whole camshaft consists of a free end section, a middle section and an output end section, the three sections are required to be preassembled into a whole camshaft component, and then the whole camshaft component is assembled into a machine body cam bearing hole; placing three sections of camshafts on V-shaped iron of a camshaft assembly platform in sequence, installing positioning pins into positioning pin holes of the camshafts, aligning the rabbets and the positioning pins, planting studs, screwing nuts by using a common torque wrench to complete the pre-assembly of the three sections of camshafts, and installing the whole camshaft component into a machine body according to the process flow of the scheme I; the technical defects are as follows: according to the scheme, a camshaft needs to be pre-assembled, a pre-procedure is added, the speed is dragged, and the operation is complicated; the common torque wrench has low tightening efficiency and cannot solve the problem of quick tightening before the locking glue is quickly dried; when the whole camshaft is installed, the same risk exists as the scheme one; in view of the foregoing, there is a need for improvement.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems solved by the invention are as follows: the sectional assembly device and the method for the middle-mounted camshaft of the marine diesel engine are characterized in that the camshaft installation mode of a sectional structure is optimized, balanced lifting of a camshaft journal and a camshaft shaft section can be achieved through combination on the basis of the sectional assembly device, the problem that parts cannot be vertically lifted and installed in a cavity structure of a camshaft box of a machine body is solved, efficiency and assembly quality of the middle-mounted camshaft of the diesel engine are achieved, the problem that the camshaft does not have an effective assembly method is solved, the problem of assembly difficulty of the camshaft of the marine high-power diesel engine is solved, a brand new method is provided for assembling the camshaft of the diesel engine with a similar structure, the problems of unstable quality, low reliability, potential safety hazards and the like in the existing assembly method are solved, the assembly difficulty and the working strength of the camshaft are reduced, and the device has wide application field and good popularization value.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the sectional assembly device for the central camshaft of the marine diesel engine comprises an L-shaped hanger, wherein a lower connecting plate and an upper connecting plate which are distributed from bottom to top are fixed on the inner wall of the lower end of the L-shaped hanger, a bracket with one end detachably and fixedly connected with the lower connecting plate is arranged on the inner side of the lower end of the L-shaped hanger, a camshaft journal is detachably fixed at the other end of the bracket, and the lifted L-shaped hanger drives the camshaft journal to be installed in a corresponding position of a cam bearing hole on the engine body; the inner side of the lower end of the L-shaped hanging bracket after the support is detached is provided with a bracket, one end of the bracket is detachably and fixedly connected with the lower connecting plate and the upper connecting plate, the camshaft shaft section is positioned at the other end of the bracket, the L-shaped hanging bracket after the support is lifted drives the camshaft shaft section to be arranged in a cam bearing hole between two adjacent camshaft journals, and the two ends of the camshaft shaft section are stably and fixedly connected with the camshaft journals at the corresponding ends after being in butt joint.
The L-shaped hanging bracket comprises a vertical square pipe and a transverse square pipe fixedly connected with the upper end of the vertical square pipe, rib plates symmetrically arranged on two sides of the vertical square pipe are fixedly connected with the corresponding positions of an upper connecting plate, a bottom plate fixedly connected with the lower end of a lower connecting plate is fixed at the lower end of the vertical square pipe, a hanging plate is fixedly welded on the transverse square pipe, a plurality of hanging holes are formed in the hanging plate, and an end plate fixedly connected with the hanging plate is fixed at the outer end part of the transverse square pipe.
Furthermore, connecting plates are arranged on two sides of the connecting end of each vertical square pipe and each transverse square pipe, and the connecting plates are fixedly connected with the vertical square pipes and the transverse square pipes through hanger bolts and hanger nuts.
Furthermore, the support comprises an end face flange, an isomeric rib plate and a Z-shaped support, one end of the Z-shaped support is fixedly welded on the end face flange, the end face flange is fixed on the lower connecting plate through a support bolt and a support nut, the isomeric rib plate is fixedly welded between the end face flange and the Z-shaped support for reinforcement, an arc groove is formed in the position of the upper edge of the plate face of the other end of the Z-shaped support, waist-shaped holes which are concentrically arranged with the arc groove and symmetrically distributed on two sides of the arc groove are formed in the plate face of the other end of the Z-shaped support, and a camshaft journal is fixedly locked on the Z-shaped support after a fastening bolt in the waist-shaped hole is connected with a corresponding threaded hole in the end face of the camshaft journal in an adaptive manner.
Furthermore, the bracket comprises two supporting plates which are symmetrically arranged, the supporting plates are of L-shaped plate structures which are in transition connection along an arc on the vertical side and the horizontal side, a transverse rib plate which is in reinforced connection is fixed between the horizontal sections of the two supporting plates, one end part of each supporting plate is welded and fixed with an upper connecting plate and a lower connecting plate which are distributed up and down, the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate are respectively and fixedly connected with an upper connecting plate and a lower connecting plate through bracket bolts and bracket nuts, an arc groove which is matched with the small-diameter section of the camshaft shaft section is formed in the other end of each supporting plate, a rubber pad is fixed on the surface of the arc groove, and the two small-diameter sections on the camshaft shaft section are matched in the arc grooves of the corresponding ends.
The sectional assembling method of the central camshaft of the marine diesel engine comprises the following steps:
1) after a lifting rope on the crown block is connected with a lifting hole on the lifting plate, the crown block is used for lifting the L-shaped lifting frame, whether the L-shaped lifting frame is complete or not is checked, the lifting risk is avoided, and the L-shaped lifting frame is ensured to be structurally complete and safe to lift;
2) the end face flange in the bracket is tightly connected with the lower connecting plate by four groups of bracket bolts and bracket nuts;
3) coating lubricating oil in a cam bearing hole of a machine body, locking a camshaft journal of a middle gear on a Z-shaped support by using four tightening bolts which respectively penetrate through corresponding side waist-shaped holes on the plate surface at the other end of the Z-shaped support in a group of two-by-two mode, stably hoisting a camshaft journal hoisting tool consisting of an L-shaped support and the support, and leading the camshaft journal of the middle gear to enter from a camshaft box door hole and then align and load into the cam bearing hole of the middle gear under the guidance of the camshaft journal hoisting tool;
4) after the camshaft journal of the middle gear is in place, the fastening bolt is disassembled, and the camshaft journal hoisting tool is moved out;
5) locking the camshaft journals of adjacent gears on the Z-shaped support by four set of two-by-two set of tightening bolts (9-4) which respectively penetrate through corresponding side waist-shaped holes on the plate surface at the other end of the Z-shaped support, stably lifting a camshaft journal hoisting tool, leading the camshaft journals of the adjacent gears to enter from the camshaft box door holes (3) under the guidance of the camshaft journal hoisting tool, aligning and loading the camshaft journals into the cam bearing holes of the adjacent gears,
6) after the camshaft journals of the adjacent gears are in place, the fastening bolts are disassembled, the camshaft journal hoisting tool is moved out, the four support bolts and the support nuts are loosened, and the supports are separated from the L-shaped hanging bracket;
7) the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate in the bracket are respectively and fixedly connected with the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate by six groups of bracket bolts and bracket nuts, and the shaft sections of the camshaft are symmetrically placed in the arc grooves at the other ends of the two supporting plates of the bracket;
8) the camshaft shaft section hoisting tool comprises an L-shaped hoisting frame and a bracket, wherein the camshaft shaft section is led to enter a camshaft housing door hole at a corresponding position under the guidance of the camshaft shaft section hoisting tool, then is stably butted with camshaft journals of adjacent gears and camshaft journals of middle gears at two ends of the camshaft shaft section, aligns to a positioning pin and a spigot, and is removed after a camshaft connecting bolt for connecting the camshaft shaft section and the camshaft journals is screwed in by hand;
9) the hydraulic torque wrench in the one-driving-two hydraulic tightening device is aligned to the camshaft connecting bolt, the reaction force arm of the hydraulic torque wrench is adjusted to enable the hydraulic torque wrench to abut against the end face of the camshaft section, matched oil pressure of an oil pump is set according to the specification of the camshaft connecting bolt, the camshaft connecting bolt is tightened by the one-driving-two hydraulic tightening device after the oil pump is started, and the camshaft connecting bolt can be tightened in sequence at opposite angles.
In the step 9), the one-driving-two hydraulic tightening device comprises an electric oil pump and two hydraulic torque wrenches, the electric oil pump is connected with the two hydraulic torque wrenches through an oil inlet pipe and an oil return pipe, the two hydraulic torque wrenches are controlled by the electric oil pump to work simultaneously or independently, and the hydraulic torque wrench is provided with a sleeve and an inner hexagonal groove in the end face of the sleeve and adapted to the hexagonal head of the camshaft connecting bolt.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the technical scheme solves the problem of difficult assembly of the camshaft in the development process of the marine high-power diesel engine, provides a brand new method for assembling the camshaft of the diesel engine with a similar structure, and solves the problems of unstable quality, low reliability, potential safety hazard and the like in the existing assembly method;
2. the sectional assembly device in the technical scheme has the advantages of reasonable structural design, low material consumption, low manufacturing difficulty, convenience in use and high safety factor, can adjust the connection mode according to the structure of a hoisting part, is suitable for hoisting the cavities of various parts, and is easy to popularize;
3. according to the technical scheme, the one-drive-two-hydraulic tightening device is efficient in tightening, the two camshaft connecting bolts can be simultaneously tightened in a synergistic manner, the assembly coaxiality is improved, the tightening efficiency is improved by more than 50% compared with that of a common wrench, and a foundation is laid for automatic assembly of a diesel engine;
4. the technical scheme has the advantages of reasonable flow, strong manufacturability and higher verification operability in the assembly process, can finish the assembly work of the camshaft of the diesel engine by only two persons for two hours, and has wider application field and better popularization value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an L-shaped hanger of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the camshaft journal of the present invention installed on a camshaft journal hoisting tool formed by connecting an L-shaped hanger and a bracket;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the camshaft shaft of the present invention installed on a camshaft shaft hoisting tool composed of an L-shaped hanger and a bracket;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the present invention in a configuration for mounting a camshaft journal for an intermediate range on a fuselage;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the present invention in a configuration where adjacent gear camshaft journals are mounted on the fuselage;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the present invention in a configuration for mounting a camshaft section on a fuselage;
FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view of the camshaft installed in the fuselage of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the one-with-two hydraulic tightening device of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In the following, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in conjunction with fig. 1 to 8, so as to clearly and completely describe the technical solution, and it is obvious that the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, not the whole embodiment.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The sectional assembly device for the central camshaft of the marine diesel engine comprises an L-shaped hanger 8, wherein a lower connecting plate 8-1 and an upper connecting plate 8-2 which are distributed from bottom to top are fixed on the inner wall of the lower end of the L-shaped hanger 8, a bracket 9 with one end detachably and fixedly connected with the lower connecting plate 8-1 is arranged on the inner side of the lower end of the L-shaped hanger 8, a camshaft journal 4 is detachably fixed at the other end of the bracket 9, and the lifted L-shaped hanger 8 drives the camshaft journal 4 to be arranged in a corresponding position of a cam bearing hole 2 on a machine body 1; the inner side of the lower end of the L-shaped hanging bracket 8 after the support 9 is removed is provided with a bracket 10, one end of the bracket is detachably fixedly connected with the lower connecting plate 8-1 and the upper connecting plate 8-2, the camshaft shaft section 6 is positioned at the other end of the bracket 10, the lifted L-shaped hanging bracket 8 drives the camshaft shaft section 6 to be arranged in a cam bearing hole 2 between two adjacent camshaft journals 4, and the two ends of the camshaft shaft section 6 are stably butted with the camshaft journals 4 at the corresponding ends and then are fixedly connected.
As shown in fig. 1, the L-shaped hanger 8 has the following specific structure: the L-shaped hanging bracket 8 comprises a vertical square pipe 8-3 and a transverse square pipe 8-9 fixedly connected with the upper end of the vertical square pipe 8-3, rib plates 8-10 symmetrically arranged on two sides of the vertical square pipe 8-3 are fixedly connected with the corresponding positions of the upper connecting plate 8-2, a bottom plate 8-11 fixedly connected with the lower end of the lower connecting plate 8-1 is fixed at the lower end of the vertical square pipe 8-3, a hanging plate 8-7 is fixedly welded on the transverse square pipe 8-9, a plurality of hanging holes are formed in the hanging plate 8-7, an end plate 8-8 fixedly connected with the hanging plate 8-7 is fixed at the outer end of the transverse square pipe 8-9, 6 groups of equidistant hanging holes are designed in the hanging plate 8-7, the gravity center of the hanging can be adjusted easily, and stable hanging is ensured; specifically, connecting plates 8-4 are arranged on two sides of the connecting end of each of the vertical square tubes 8-3 and the transverse square tubes 8-9, and the connecting plates 8-4 are fixedly connected with the vertical square tubes 8-3 and the transverse square tubes 8-9 through hanger bolts 8-6 and hanger nuts 8-5; in the structure, the length of the vertical square tube 8-3 can avoid a cylinder cover arranged on a machine body, and the length of the horizontal square tube 8-9 can be controlled to be suitable for the depth of a concave cavity of a camshaft;
the specific structure of the bracket 9 is as follows: the support 9 comprises an end face flange 9-1, an isomeric rib plate 9-2 and a Z-shaped support 9-3, one end of the Z-shaped support 9-3 is fixedly welded on the end face flange 9-1, the end face flange 9-1 is fixed on a lower connecting plate 8-1 through a support bolt 9-5 and a support nut 9-6, the isomeric rib plate 9-2 is fixedly welded between the end face flange 9-1 and the Z-shaped support 9-3 for reinforced connection, an arc groove is formed at the edge of the other end plate surface of the Z-shaped support 9-3, kidney-shaped holes which are concentrically arranged with the arc groove and symmetrically distributed at two sides of the arc groove are formed on the other end plate surface of the Z-shaped support 9-3, a fastening bolt 9-4 in each kidney-shaped hole is matched and connected with a corresponding threaded hole on the end surface of the camshaft journal 4, and then the camshaft journal 4 is locked and fixed on the Z-shaped support 9-3, the connecting piece structure of the bracket 9 on the L-shaped hanging bracket 8 is shown in FIG. 2; in the structure, the structural form of the Z-shaped support 9-3 is controlled, the Z-shaped support 9-3 can be tightly connected with various parts, and the Z-shaped support 9-3 is designed in a Z shape and is easy to avoid the parts; the symmetrical waist-shaped holes are designed, so that the connecting position is easy to adjust; a weight removing hole is designed, so that the weight of the lifting appliance is reduced;
the specific structure of the bracket 10 is as follows: the bracket 10 comprises two supporting plates 10-5 which are symmetrically arranged, the supporting plates 10-5 adopt an L-shaped plate structure with the vertical side and the horizontal side in transition connection along an arc, a transverse rib plate 10-6 which is in reinforced connection is fixed between the horizontal sections of the two supporting plates 10-5, one end parts of the two supporting plates 10-5 are fixedly welded with an upper connecting plate 10-4 and a lower connecting plate 10-1 which are distributed up and down, the upper connecting plate 10-4 and the lower connecting plate 10-1 are respectively fixedly connected with an upper connecting plate 8-2 and a lower connecting plate 8-1 through bracket bolts 10-2 and bracket nuts 10-3, an arc groove which is matched with the small diameter section of the camshaft shaft section 6 is formed at the other end of the supporting plate 10-5, a rubber pad is fixed on the surface of the arc groove and can prevent parts (the camshaft shaft section 6) from being scratched, two small-diameter sections on the camshaft section 6 are matched in the arc grooves at the corresponding ends, and the connecting piece structure of the bracket 10 on the L-shaped hanging bracket 8 is shown in figure 3; in the structure, the size between the two symmetrically arranged supporting plates 10-5 can be controlled to be used for lifting various parts, and the weight removing holes are designed on the supporting plates 10-5 to reduce the weight of the lifting appliance.
The sectional assembly device of the central camshaft of the marine diesel engine uses ANSYS Workbench structural analysis, and has high safety coefficient; the welding mode is preferably full-melting arc welding, the hanger is subjected to hanging weight static load test, ultrasonic flaw detection is performed on a welding seam, cracks and layered tearing are avoided, welding is firm, the structural design is reasonable, the material consumption is low, the manufacturing difficulty is low, the use is convenient, the safety coefficient is high, the connection mode can be adjusted according to the structure of a hoisting part, the lifting device is suitable for hoisting cavities of various parts, and the popularization is easy.
The sectional assembling method of the central camshaft of the marine diesel engine comprises the following steps:
1) after a lifting rope on the crown block is connected with a lifting hole on a lifting plate 8-7, the L-shaped lifting frame 8 is lifted by the crown block, whether the L-shaped lifting frame 8 is complete or not is checked, the lifting risk is avoided, and the L-shaped lifting frame 8 is ensured to be complete in structure and safe in lifting;
2) the end flange 9-1 in the bracket 9 is tightly connected with the lower connecting plate 8-1 by four groups of bracket bolts 9-5 and bracket nuts 9-6;
3) coating lubricating oil in a cam bearing hole 2 of a machine body 1, locking a camshaft journal 4 of a middle gear on a Z-shaped support 9-3 by using four set of two set of tightening bolts 9-4 which respectively penetrate through corresponding side waist-shaped holes on the plate surface of the other end of the Z-shaped support 9-3, stably hoisting a camshaft journal hoisting tool consisting of an L-shaped support 8 and the support 9, and leading the camshaft journal 4 of the middle gear to enter from a camshaft housing door hole 3 and then align and be loaded into the cam bearing hole 2 of the middle gear under the guidance of the camshaft journal hoisting tool, as shown in figure 4;
4) after the camshaft journal 4 of the middle gear is in place, the fastening bolt 9-4 is disassembled, and the camshaft journal hoisting tool is moved out;
5) locking the camshaft journals 4 of adjacent gears on the Z-shaped support 9-3 by using four two-by-two groups of tightening bolts 9-4 which respectively penetrate through corresponding side waist-shaped holes on the plate surface at the other end of the Z-shaped support 9-3, stably hoisting a camshaft journal hoisting tool, and leading the camshaft journals 4 of adjacent gears to enter from the camshaft journal hoisting tool through the camshaft journal holes 3 and then to be aligned and loaded into the cam bearing holes 2 of adjacent gears, as shown in fig. 5;
6) after the camshaft journals 4 of the adjacent gears are in place, the fastening bolts 9-4 are disassembled, the camshaft journal hoisting tool is moved out, the four support bolts 9-5 and the support nuts 9-6 are loosened, and the supports 9 are separated from the L-shaped hoisting frame 8;
7) the upper connecting plate 10-4 and the lower connecting plate 10-1 in the bracket 10 are respectively and fixedly connected with the upper connecting plate 8-2 and the lower connecting plate 8-1 by six groups of bracket bolts 10-2 and bracket nuts 10-3, and the camshaft shaft sections 6 are symmetrically placed in the circular arc grooves at the other ends of the two supporting plates 10-5 of the bracket 10, as shown in figure 3;
8) the camshaft shaft section hoisting tool consisting of the L-shaped hoisting frame 8 and the bracket 10 is stably hoisted, after the camshaft shaft section 6 enters the camshaft housing door hole 3 at the corresponding position under the guidance of the camshaft shaft section hoisting tool, the camshaft shaft section is stably butted with the camshaft shaft necks 4 of the adjacent gears and the camshaft shaft necks 4 of the middle gears at the two ends of the camshaft shaft section 6, the positioning pins and the stop mouths are aligned, and the camshaft shaft section hoisting tool is removed after the camshaft connecting bolt 5 for connecting the camshaft shaft section 6 and the camshaft shaft necks 4 is screwed by hand, as shown in FIG. 6;
9) aligning a hydraulic torque wrench 11 in the one-driving-two hydraulic tightening device with a camshaft connecting bolt 5, adjusting a reaction force arm of the hydraulic torque wrench 11 to enable the reaction force arm to abut against the end face of a camshaft shaft section 6, setting matched oil pressure of an oil pump according to the specification of the camshaft connecting bolt 5, and tightening the camshaft connecting bolt 5 by the one-driving-two hydraulic tightening device after starting the oil pump, so that the camshaft connecting bolt 5 can be tightened in sequence diagonally; specifically, the one-driving-two hydraulic tightening device comprises an electric oil pump 13 and two hydraulic torque wrenches 11, wherein the electric oil pump 13 is connected with the two hydraulic torque wrenches 11 through an oil inlet pipe and an oil return pipe, the two hydraulic torque wrenches 11 are controlled by the electric oil pump 13 to work simultaneously or independently, a sleeve 12 is arranged on the hydraulic torque wrench 11, an inner hexagonal groove in the end surface of the sleeve 12 is matched with a hexagonal head of the camshaft connecting bolt 5, and a partial sectional view after the camshaft is installed is shown in fig. 7;
the concrete structure of the one-drive-two hydraulic tightening device is shown in fig. 8, in the structure, the one-drive-two hydraulic tightening device is efficient in tightening, two camshaft connecting bolts 5 can be simultaneously tightened in a synergistic manner, the assembly coaxiality is improved, the tightening efficiency is improved by more than 50% compared with that of a common wrench, and a foundation is laid for automatic assembly of a diesel engine; the electric oil pump 13 in the one-to-two hydraulic tightening device preferably matches with three-level flow, has high speed, and can drive 2-4 hydraulic torque wrenches 11 at the same time; the matched carbon-brush-free high-power motor is convenient to maintain and long in service life; an aluminum-titanium alloy pump body is preferred, so that the pump is light and portable; the output pressure can be freely adjusted within the range of 4-70MPa, the oil inlet pipe and the oil return pipe are preferably high-pressure hoses with 4 times of safety factor, and the hoses are made of polymers containing steel, so that the hose is excellent in performance, high-pressure resistant, flexible and good in elasticity; the sleeve 12 is preferably a special sleeve for a driving hydraulic wrench, can be made of high-strength alloy steel according to the bolt head structure selection design of the camshaft connecting bolt 5, and is subjected to thermal refining HRC 55-60; the hydraulic torque wrench 11 is a driving type hydraulic wrench, is preferably made of aluminum-titanium alloy and ultrahigh-strength alloy steel, has double-acting hydraulic design, can lock and loosen bolts, has accurate adjustable torque, has an error not exceeding +/-3 percent, has working pressure of 7-70MPa, customizes a 360-degree fine adjustment type reaction arm for the hydraulic torque wrench 11, and can set a plurality of position supporting and force-borrowing camshaft sections; the supporting 360 degrees x 180 degrees rotary joint can prevent the oil pipe from bending and holding strength caused by narrow concave cavity space.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (7)
1. The section assembling device of the middle-positioned camshaft of the marine diesel engine is characterized in that: the camshaft journal assembling device comprises an L-shaped hanger (8), wherein a lower connecting plate (8-1) and an upper connecting plate (8-2) which are distributed from bottom to top are fixed on the inner wall of the lower end of the L-shaped hanger (8), a bracket (9) with one end detachably and fixedly connected with the lower connecting plate (8-1) is arranged on the inner side of the lower end of the L-shaped hanger (8), a camshaft journal (4) is detachably fixed at the other end of the bracket (9), and the lifted L-shaped hanger (8) drives the camshaft journal (4) to be assembled in a corresponding position of a cam bearing hole (2) in a machine body (1); a bracket (10) with one end detachably fixedly connected with a lower connecting plate (8-1) and an upper connecting plate (8-2) is arranged on the inner side of the lower end of an L-shaped hanging bracket (8) after a support (9) is removed, a camshaft shaft section (6) is positioned at the other end of the bracket (10), the camshaft shaft section (6) is driven by the L-shaped hanging bracket (8) after being lifted to be installed in a cam bearing hole (2) between two adjacent camshaft journals (4), and the two ends of the camshaft shaft section (6) are stably and fixedly connected with the camshaft journals (4) at the corresponding end in a butt joint mode.
2. The sectional assembling apparatus of the central camshaft of the marine diesel engine according to claim 1, wherein: the L-shaped hanger (8) comprises a vertical square pipe (8-3) and a transverse square pipe (8-9) fixedly connected with the upper end of the vertical square pipe (8-3), rib plates (8-10) symmetrically arranged on two sides of the vertical square pipe (8-3) are fixedly connected with corresponding positions of an upper connecting plate (8-2), a bottom plate (8-11) fixedly connected with the lower end of a lower connecting plate (8-1) is fixed at the lower end of the vertical square pipe (8-3), a hanger plate (8-7) is fixedly welded on the transverse square pipe (8-9), a plurality of hanger holes are formed in the hanger plate (8-7), and an end plate (8-8) fixedly connected with the hanger plate (8-7) is fixed at the outer end part of the transverse square pipe (8-9).
3. The sectional assembling device of the central camshaft of the marine diesel engine according to claim 2, wherein: connecting plates (8-4) are arranged on two sides of the connecting end of each vertical square pipe (8-3) and each transverse square pipe (8-9), and the connecting plates (8-4) are fixedly connected with the vertical square pipes (8-3) and the transverse square pipes (8-9) through hanger bolts (8-6) and hanger nuts (8-5).
4. The sectional assembling apparatus of the central camshaft of the marine diesel engine according to claim 1, wherein: the support (9) comprises an end face flange (9-1), an isomeric rib plate (9-2) and a Z-shaped support (9-3), one end of the Z-shaped support (9-3) is fixedly welded on the end face flange (9-1), the end face flange (9-1) is fixedly arranged on a lower connecting plate (8-1) through a support bolt (9-5) and a support nut (9-6), the isomeric rib plate (9-2) is fixedly welded between the end face flange (9-1) and the Z-shaped support (9-3) to be in reinforced connection, an arc groove is formed in the edge of the plate face of the other end of the Z-shaped support (9-3), kidney-shaped holes which are concentrically arranged with the arc groove and symmetrically distributed on two sides of the arc groove are formed in the plate face of the other end of the Z-shaped support (9-3), and a fastening bolt (9-4) in each kidney-shaped hole and a corresponding threaded shaft neck (4) on the end face of the camshaft (4) After the holes are matched and connected, the camshaft journal (4) is locked and fixed on the Z-shaped bracket (9-3).
5. The sectional assembling method of the central camshaft of the marine diesel engine according to claim 1, wherein: the bracket (10) comprises two supporting plates (10-5) which are symmetrically arranged, the supporting plates (10-5) adopt an L-shaped plate structure with a vertical side and a horizontal side which are in transition connection along an arc, a transverse rib plate (10-6) which is reinforced and connected is fixed between the horizontal sections of the two supporting plates (10-5), one end parts of the two supporting plates (10-5) are fixedly welded with an upper connecting plate (10-4) and a lower connecting plate (10-1) which are distributed up and down, the upper connecting plate (10-4) and the lower connecting plate (10-1) are respectively fixedly connected with an upper connecting plate (8-2) and a lower connecting plate (8-1) through bracket bolts (10-2) and bracket nuts (10-3), an arc groove which is matched with a small-diameter shaft section (6) of the camshaft is formed at the other end of the supporting plates (10-5), the rubber pad is fixed on the groove surface of the arc groove, and the two small-diameter sections on the camshaft section (6) are matched in the arc grooves of the corresponding ends.
6. The sectional assembling method of the central camshaft of the marine diesel engine according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
1) after a lifting rope on the crown block is connected with a lifting hole on a lifting plate (8-7), the L-shaped lifting frame (8) is lifted by the crown block, whether the L-shaped lifting frame (8) is complete or not is checked, the lifting risk is avoided, and the L-shaped lifting frame (8) is ensured to be complete in structure and safe in lifting;
2) the end face flange (9-1) in the bracket (9) is tightly connected with the lower connecting plate (8-1) by four groups of bracket bolts (9-5) and bracket nuts (9-6);
3) coating lubricating oil in a cam bearing hole (2) of a machine body (1), locking a camshaft journal (4) of a middle gear on a Z-shaped support (9-3) by using four set of two set of tightening bolts (9-4) which respectively penetrate through corresponding side waist-shaped holes on the plate surface at the other end of the Z-shaped support (9-3), stably hoisting a camshaft journal hoisting tool consisting of an L-shaped support (8) and the support (9), and leading the camshaft journal (4) of the middle gear to enter from a camshaft box door hole (3) and then align and be loaded into the cam bearing hole (2) of the middle gear under the guidance of the camshaft journal hoisting tool;
4) after the camshaft journal (4) of the middle gear is in place, the fastening bolt (9-4) is disassembled, and the camshaft journal hoisting tool is moved out;
5) locking the camshaft journals (4) of adjacent gears on the Z-shaped support (9-3) by using four two-by-two groups of tightening bolts (9-4) which respectively penetrate through corresponding side waist-shaped holes on the plate surface at the other end of the Z-shaped support (9-3), stably hoisting a camshaft journal hoisting tool, leading the camshaft journals (4) of adjacent gears to enter from the camshaft box door holes (3) under the guidance of the camshaft journal hoisting tool, aligning and loading the camshaft journals (4) of adjacent gears into the cam bearing holes (2) of adjacent gears,
6) after the camshaft journals (4) of the adjacent gears are in place, the fastening bolts (9-4) are disassembled, the camshaft journal hoisting tool is moved out, the four support bolts (9-5) and the support nuts (9-6) are loosened, and the supports (9) are separated from the L-shaped hanging bracket (8);
7) an upper connecting plate (10-4) and a lower connecting plate (10-1) in a bracket (10) are respectively fixedly connected with an upper connecting plate (8-2) and a lower connecting plate (8-1) by six groups of bracket bolts (10-2) and bracket nuts (10-3), and camshaft shaft sections (6) are symmetrically placed in arc grooves at the other ends of two supporting plates (10-5) of the bracket (10);
8) the camshaft section hoisting tool comprises an L-shaped hoisting frame (8) and a bracket (10), wherein after a camshaft section (6) enters a camshaft box door hole (3) at a corresponding position under the guidance of the camshaft section hoisting tool, the camshaft section hoisting tool is stably butted with camshaft journals (4) of adjacent gears and camshaft journals (4) of middle gears at two ends of the camshaft section (6), is aligned with a positioning pin and a spigot, and is removed after a camshaft connecting bolt (5) for connecting the camshaft section (6) and the camshaft journals (4) is screwed in by hand;
9) the hydraulic torque wrench (11) in the one-driving-two hydraulic tightening device is aligned to the camshaft connecting bolt (5), the reaction force arm of the hydraulic torque wrench (11) is adjusted to enable the hydraulic torque wrench to abut against the end face of the camshaft section (6), matched oil pressure of an oil pump is set according to the specification of the camshaft connecting bolt (5), the camshaft connecting bolt (5) is tightened by the one-driving-two hydraulic tightening device after the oil pump is started, and the camshaft connecting bolt (5) can be tightened in sequence diagonally.
7. The sectional assembling method of the central camshaft of the marine diesel engine according to claim 6, wherein: in the step 9), the one-driving-two hydraulic tightening device comprises an electric oil pump (13) and two hydraulic torque wrenches (11), the electric oil pump (13) is connected with the two hydraulic torque wrenches (11) through an oil inlet pipe and an oil return pipe, the two hydraulic torque wrenches (11) are controlled by the electric oil pump (13) to work simultaneously or independently, and the hydraulic torque wrench (11) is provided with a sleeve (12) and a hexagonal groove in the end face of the sleeve (12) and adapted to the hexagonal head of the camshaft connecting bolt (5).
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| CN202111540979.8A CN114102090B (en) | 2021-12-16 | 2021-12-16 | Sectional assembly device and method for central camshaft of marine diesel engine |
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| CN202111540979.8A CN114102090B (en) | 2021-12-16 | 2021-12-16 | Sectional assembly device and method for central camshaft of marine diesel engine |
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