CN114097466B - Coal mining subsidence area water ecological restoration system - Google Patents

Coal mining subsidence area water ecological restoration system Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN114097466B
CN114097466B CN202111396538.5A CN202111396538A CN114097466B CN 114097466 B CN114097466 B CN 114097466B CN 202111396538 A CN202111396538 A CN 202111396538A CN 114097466 B CN114097466 B CN 114097466B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
water
planting
lake
filter bed
pipeline
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN202111396538.5A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN114097466A (en
Inventor
夏小林
刘旦旦
汪邦稳
张卫
赵黎明
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Anhui & Huaihe River Institute Of Hydraulic Research (anhui Water Conservancy Project Quality Inspection Center Station)
Original Assignee
Anhui & Huaihe River Institute Of Hydraulic Research (anhui Water Conservancy Project Quality Inspection Center Station)
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Anhui & Huaihe River Institute Of Hydraulic Research (anhui Water Conservancy Project Quality Inspection Center Station) filed Critical Anhui & Huaihe River Institute Of Hydraulic Research (anhui Water Conservancy Project Quality Inspection Center Station)
Priority to CN202111396538.5A priority Critical patent/CN114097466B/en
Publication of CN114097466A publication Critical patent/CN114097466A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN114097466B publication Critical patent/CN114097466B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/40—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure
    • A01G24/44—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure in block, mat or sheet form
    • A01G24/46—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure in block, mat or sheet form multi-layered
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
    • A01G25/16—Control of watering
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated

Abstract

The invention discloses a water ecological restoration system for a coal mining subsidence area, which comprises a surface runoff collecting pool, a control system and a step-type planting filter bed, wherein adjacent planting filter beds are communicated through a pipeline, the planting filter bed adjacent to a lake discharges water into the lake through a water outlet pipe, and the planting filter bed far away from the lake is communicated with the surface runoff collecting pool through a water inlet pipe; the side wall of at least one stage of planting filter bed is provided with a landscape illuminating lamp electrically connected with the power module, the top of a lamp post of the landscape illuminating lamp is provided with a photovoltaic power generation board connected with the power module, and the photovoltaic power generation board is connected with the power module through a photovoltaic inverter; the control system comprises an illumination sensor, a flow regulating valve and a controller, wherein the flow regulating valve and the controller are installed on the water inlet pipe, the controller is used for receiving illumination intensity collected by the illumination sensor, and when the average illumination intensity of all the illumination sensors is larger than preset light intensity and the flow velocity of the water inlet pipe and the flow velocity of the water outlet pipe are unchanged, the opening degree of the flow regulating valve is adjusted, and the water outlet quantity of the water inlet pipe is increased.

Description

Coal mining subsidence area water ecological restoration system
Technical Field
The invention relates to an ecological restoration technology, in particular to a water ecological restoration system for a coal mining subsidence area.
Background
After the useful minerals are mined, the original stress balance state of rock mass around the mining area is damaged, and after the stress is redistributed, new balance is achieved. In the process, the rock stratum and the ground surface generate continuous movement, deformation and discontinuous damage (such as cracking, caving and the like), and the phenomenon is called as 'mining subsidence'.
The coal mining subsidence formed at present causes great damage to the land utilization of mining areas, the components and functions of landscape systems and agricultural resources, and the landform, traffic roads, water conservancy facilities, ecological environment and the like of the mining areas are seriously damaged; influences the normal development of the production and life of people in the subsidence area and the surrounding areas, the living environment of the whole market and the economic development.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a water ecological restoration system for a coal mining subsidence area, which can dynamically adjust the water amount entering a planting filter bed for purification according to illumination.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the water ecological restoration system comprises a surface runoff collecting pool, a control system and at least two levels of stepped planting filter beds which are built around a lake formed in a subsidence area and used for purifying water sources, wherein the bottom end of the upper level of planting filter bed is communicated with the top end of the lower level of planting filter bed through a pipeline, the bottom of the planting filter bed adjacent to the lake discharges water into the lake through a water outlet pipe, and the upper end of the planting filter bed far away from the lake is communicated with the surface runoff collecting pool through a water inlet pipe;
the side wall of at least one stage of planting filter bed is provided with a landscape illuminating lamp electrically connected with the power module, the top of a lamp post of the landscape illuminating lamp is provided with a photovoltaic power generation board connected with the power module, and the photovoltaic power generation board is connected with the power module through a photovoltaic inverter;
the control system comprises an illumination sensor arranged on the top surface of the photovoltaic power generation plate, a flow regulating valve arranged on the water inlet pipe and a controller which is electrically connected with the power module, the illumination sensor and the flow regulating valve respectively, wherein the controller is used for receiving illumination intensity acquired by the illumination sensor once every preset time, and when the average illumination intensity of all the illumination sensors is greater than preset light intensity and the flow velocity of the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe is unchanged, the opening degree of the flow regulating valve is adjusted, and the water outlet amount of the water inlet pipe is increased.
Furthermore, the water outlet pipe is connected with a counter-flow pipe which guides water into at least one stage of planting filter bed on the water outlet pipe; control system still includes the solenoid valve that sets up on counter-current pipe and the outlet pipe and sets up the quality of water sensor in the outlet pipe, and the controller still includes:
receiving water quality information uploaded by a water quality sensor, and judging the relation between the difference between the water quality information and standard water quality and a maximum preset value and a minimum preset value:
when the difference is larger than the maximum preset value, only opening the electromagnetic valve on the countercurrent pipe between the two planting filter beds far away from and adjacent to the lake;
when the difference is between the maximum preset value and the minimum preset value, only opening the electromagnetic valve on the countercurrent pipe between the two planting filter beds adjacent to the lake;
and when the difference between the water quality information and the standard water quality is less than the minimum preset value, opening the electromagnetic valves on the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe.
Furthermore, the planting filter bed comprises a planting groove poured by concrete and a planting frame woven by steel wires, a soil planting layer, a biological treatment layer, a gravel layer and a gravel layer are arranged in the planting frame from top to bottom, and the biological treatment layer and the soil planting layer are contained in the woven bag and placed in the gabion net; hoisting lugs are arranged on the gabion net;
and when the time for opening the electromagnetic valve on the counter-flow pipe reaches the preset time and the difference is greater than the minimum preset value, informing a manager to replace the biological treatment layer in the planting filter bed.
Furthermore, the pipeline comprises a first pipeline which penetrates through the planting frame and extends into the gravel layer, a second pipeline which penetrates through the planting frame and extends into the biological treatment layer, and a connecting structure arranged in a mounting hole formed in the side wall of the planting groove; the end part of the first pipeline positioned on the gravel layer and the end part of the second pipeline positioned on the biological treatment layer are both provided with filter screens;
the other ends of the first pipeline and the second pipeline section are respectively sleeved with annular magnets which attract each other; the connecting structure comprises an elastic pipeline which is hermetically arranged in the mounting hole, and annular magnets are arranged at two ends of the elastic pipeline.
Furthermore, the mounting hole is a step hole, the diameter of the middle section of the step hole is equal to that of the elastic pipeline, and the diameters of the pipe sections at two ends are equal to that of the annular magnet.
Further, the method for acquiring the opening degree of the flow regulating valve comprises the following steps:
according to the current average illumination intensity, obtaining the evaporation capacity Q of the soil in unit area in unit time Soil(s) And the evapotranspiration rate Q per unit length of herbaceous plant per unit area Herbal medicine ；
Acquiring the area of shrubs planted in the planting filter bed, and calculating the potential evapotranspiration of all the shrubs in unit time:
Figure BDA0003370144460000031
wherein Q is Bush Is the potential evapotranspiration amount in unit time, mm/h; s Bush M is the area of the shrubs planted in the filter bed 2 ；ET 0 Potential evapotranspiration per day, mm/d; delta is the slope of the saturated steam pressure-temperature curve, Kpa/DEG C; r n MJ/(md), the net radiation per unit area of shrub per unit time; g is the energy consumed by the heat-increasing soil, MJ/(m) 2 d) (ii) a Gamma is the hygrometer constant, Kpa/° C; t is the average air temperature, DEG C; u shape 2 The wind speed is 2m high, m/s; e.g. of the type a Saturated water vapor pressure, Kpa; e.g. of the type d For actual observation of the water vapor pressure, Kpa; n is the average sunshine duration of the current season; a is i Is the light at the i-th collectionIllumination intensity;
according to the evaporation capacity Q Soil(s) Evapotranspiration amount Q Herbal medicine And potential evapotranspiration Q Bush And calculating the opening degree of the flow regulating valve:
Figure BDA0003370144460000041
wherein K is the opening degree of the flow regulating valve; h is a total of Herbal medicine Is the average height, m, of all the herbaceous plants planted in the planting filter bed; s Go out And S Into Respectively the cross-sectional areas of the water outlet pipe and the water inlet pipe, S Herbal medicine 、S Soil(s) 、S Go out And S Into All units of (are m) 2 ；V Into And V Go out The flow velocity of the water outlet pipe and the flow velocity of the water inlet pipe are respectively m/s.
Further, the method for acquiring the area of the herbaceous plants and shrub plants comprises the following steps:
acquiring multispectral images including a lake and a panorama of a planting filter bed around the lake by using an unmanned aerial vehicle, and preprocessing the multispectral images;
segmenting the preprocessed multispectral image by adopting a threshold segmentation method to obtain a plurality of segmented images;
acquiring standard gray values of all types of vegetation planted in the planting filter bed, and comparing the average gray value of the segmentation image with all the standard gray values;
selecting a group of the same segmentation image with the minimum difference with all standard gray values, and marking the vegetation type of the segmentation image as the vegetation type corresponding to the standard gray value;
and when the vegetation types in all the segmented images are marked, accumulating the areas of the segmented images with the same vegetation type to obtain the planting area of each plant.
Furthermore, the water ecological restoration system of the coal mining subsidence area also comprises channels, the lakes are communicated with the lakes adjacent to the lakes in the coal mining area through the channels, and the outlet of each channel is provided with a gate; the control system also comprises a water depth sensor which is arranged in the lake and connected with the controller;
the controller receives the water depth sensor once every set time period, and when the water depth collected by the water depth sensor is smaller than the preset water depth, the controller searches for a lake with the water depth larger than that of the lake adjacent to the current lake;
when an adjacent lake meeting the conditions exists, opening the gate of the corresponding channel, and introducing water into the surface runoff collecting tank;
and when no adjacent lakes meeting the conditions exist, stopping the external water supply of the current lake.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the scheme, the opening degree of the flow regulating valve is regulated according to the illumination intensity so as to change the water quantity entering the planting filter bed, when the evaporation speed of soil and plants is accelerated, the regulation of the opening degree of the flow regulating valve can timely supplement and plant the water source inside the filter bed, so that the planting filter bed is always in a saturated treatment state, and the treatment efficiency of the ecological restoration system is ensured.
This scheme is through detecting the quality of water to the outlet pipe water source, can judge the treatment effect of planting the filter bed, when quality of water does not reach the requirement, can send into planting the filter bed to the water that flows out and handle once more to the hydroenergy that guarantees to get into the lake can reach the requirement at standard water source.
The planting of this scheme filters the unique setting of bed structure, can be after purifying water repeatedly, when still being difficult to reach standard quality of water requirement, changes the biological treatment layer in the planting filter bed to guarantee that the planting filter bed lasts and is in high-efficient running state.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of parts such as a planting filter bed and the like built at the lake edge by a water ecological restoration system in a coal mining subsidence area.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a top view of the lake with the filter bed planted.
Wherein, 1, a surface runoff collecting pool; 2. a lake; 3. planting a filter bed; 31. planting grooves; 32. planting frames; 321. a soil planting layer; 322. a biological treatment layer; 323. a crushed stone layer; 324. a gravel layer; 325. a gabion mesh; 3251. lifting lugs;
4. a pipeline; 41. a first conduit; 42. a second conduit; 43. a connecting structure; 431. an elastic conduit; 432. a ring magnet; 5. a water outlet pipe; 6. a water inlet pipe; 7. landscape lighting lamps; 71. a lamp post; 72. a photovoltaic power generation panel; 8. a counter flow tube.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and defined in the appended claims, and all matters produced by the invention using the inventive concept are protected.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the coal mining subsidence area water ecological restoration system provided by the scheme comprises a surface runoff collecting pool 1, a control system and at least two stages of ladder-shaped planting filter beds 3 which are constructed around a lake 2 formed in a subsidence area and used for purifying water sources, so that tourists can conveniently appreciate ornamental plants planted in the planting filter beds 3, the planting filter beds 3 can be divided into a plurality of sections, and pedestrian footpaths are constructed between every two adjacent planting filter beds 3.
The bottom end of the upper stage planting filter bed 3 is communicated with the top end of the lower stage planting filter bed 3 through a pipeline 4, the bottom of the planting filter bed 3 adjacent to the lake 2 discharges water into the lake 2 through a water outlet pipe 5, and the upper end of the planting filter bed 3 far away from the lake 2 is communicated with the surface runoff collecting pool 1 through a water inlet pipe 6.
The landscape illuminating lamp 7 electrically connected with the power module is installed on the side wall of the at least one stage planting filter bed 3, the photovoltaic power generation board 72 connected with the power module is installed at the top of the lamp post 71 of the landscape illuminating lamp 7, and the photovoltaic power generation board 72 is connected with the power module through the photovoltaic inverter.
The landscape lighting lamp 7 of installation can also play the illumination effect when can playing ornamental effect, and it throws light on through the electric energy that photovoltaic power generation board 72 produced, can make full use of solar energy, reaches green.
The control system comprises an illumination sensor arranged on the top surface of the photovoltaic power generation board 72, a flow regulating valve arranged on the water inlet pipe 6 and a controller which is respectively and electrically connected with the power supply module, the illumination sensor and the flow regulating valve.
The controller is used for receiving the illumination intensity collected by the illumination sensors once every preset time, and when the average illumination intensity of all the illumination sensors is larger than the preset light intensity and the flow velocity of the water inlet pipe 6 and the water outlet pipe 5 is unchanged (the flow velocity in the water inlet pipe can be adjusted through the water pump), the opening degree of the flow adjusting valve is adjusted, and the water yield of the water inlet pipe 6 is increased.
In the scheme, the collected illumination intensity can determine the evaporation intensity of the plants at the current time interval, so that the opening of the flow regulating valve is adjusted, the water quantity entering the planting filter bed 3 is increased, and the planting filter bed 3 is ensured to still keep the original purification efficiency.
In one embodiment of the present invention, a method for obtaining an opening degree of a flow rate adjustment valve includes:
according to the current average illumination intensity, the evaporation capacity Q of the soil in unit area in unit time is obtained Soil(s) And the evapotranspiration rate Q per unit length of herbaceous plant per unit area Herbal medicine ；
Acquiring the area of shrubs planted in the planting filter bed 3, and calculating the potential evapotranspiration amount of all the shrubs in unit time:
Figure BDA0003370144460000071
wherein Q is Bush Is the potential evapotranspiration amount in unit time, mm/h; s Bush For planting the area of shrubs planted in the filter bed 3, m 2 ；ET 0 Potential evapotranspiration per day, mm/d; delta is the slope of the saturated steam pressure-temperature curve, Kpa/DEG C; r n MJ/(md), the net radiation per unit area of shrub per unit time; g is the energy consumed by the heat-increasing soil, MJ/(m) 2 d) (ii) a Gamma is the hygrometer constant, Kpa/° C; t is the average air temperature, DEG C; u shape 2 The wind speed is 2m high, m/s; e.g. of the type a Is saturated waterSteam pressure, Kpa; e.g. of a cylinder d For actual observation of the water vapor pressure, Kpa; n is the average sunshine duration of the current season; a is i The illumination intensity at the ith acquisition;
according to the evaporation capacity Q Soil(s) Evapotranspiration amount Q Herbal medicine And potential evapotranspiration Q Bush And calculating the opening degree of the flow regulating valve:
Figure BDA0003370144460000081
wherein K is the opening degree of the flow regulating valve; h is Herbal medicine Is the average height, m, of all the herbaceous plants planted in the planting filter bed 3; s Go out And S Into The cross-sectional areas, S, of the water outlet pipe 5 and the water inlet pipe 6, respectively Herbal medicine 、S Soil(s) 、S Go out And S Go into All are m 2 ；V Into And V Go out Respectively the flow velocity, m/s, of the water outlet pipe 5 and the water inlet pipe 6.
According to the scheme, the water quantity evaporated through soil, herbaceous plants and shrubs in unit time can be calculated, the opening degree of the flow regulating valve is adjusted, the increased water quantity is equal to the water quantity consumed by illumination enhancement through soil and plants as far as possible, water purification is carried out according to the pre-designed speed all the time by ensuring that the filter bed 3 is planted, and the water purification quality and the water purification efficiency are ensured.
In practice, the method for acquiring the area of the preferred herbaceous plants and shrub plants comprises the following steps:
acquiring a multispectral image comprising a panorama of the lake 2 and the surrounding planting filter bed 3 by using an unmanned aerial vehicle, and preprocessing the multispectral image;
segmenting the preprocessed multispectral image by adopting a threshold segmentation method to obtain a plurality of segmented images;
acquiring standard gray values of all types of vegetation planted in the planting filter bed 3, and comparing the average gray value of the segmentation image with all the standard gray values;
selecting a group of the same segmentation image with the minimum difference with all standard gray values, and marking the vegetation type of the segmentation image as the vegetation type corresponding to the standard gray value;
and when the vegetation types in all the segmentation images are marked, accumulating the areas of the segmentation images with the same vegetation type to obtain the planting area of each plant.
According to the scheme, the plant planting area is obtained by processing the image, and the calculation efficiency and the calculation accuracy of the plant planting area can be improved.
Referring to fig. 1 again, the water outlet pipe 5 is connected with a counter-flow pipe 8 for guiding water to at least one stage of planting filter bed 3 thereon; the control system still includes the solenoid valve that sets up on 8 and the outlet pipe 5 of counter current pipe and sets up the quality of water sensor in outlet pipe 5, and the controller is connected with solenoid valve and quality of water sensor electricity, and the controller still includes:
receiving water quality information uploaded by a water quality sensor, and judging the relation between the difference between the water quality information and standard water quality and a maximum preset value and a minimum preset value:
when the difference is larger than the maximum preset value, only the electromagnetic valve on the countercurrent pipe 8 between the two planting filter beds far away from and adjacent to the lake 2 is opened;
when the difference is between the maximum preset value and the minimum preset value, only the electromagnetic valve on the countercurrent pipe 8 between the two planting filter beds adjacent to the lake 2 is opened;
when the difference between the water quality information and the standard water quality is smaller than the minimum preset value, the electromagnetic valves on the water inlet pipe 6 and the water outlet pipe 5 are opened.
According to the scheme, the water which does not reach the purification requirement is circularly purified, the water quality of a water source entering the lake 2 is ensured to the greatest extent, and the ecological environment of the lake 2 is ensured.
As shown in fig. 1, the planting filter bed 3 comprises a planting groove 31 poured by concrete and a planting frame 32 woven by steel wires, wherein a soil planting layer 321, a biological treatment layer 322, a gravel layer 323 and a gravel layer 324 are arranged in the planting frame 32 from top to bottom, and the biological treatment layer 322 and the soil planting layer 321 are contained in woven bags and placed in a gabion mesh 325; the gabion meshes 325 are all provided with hoisting lugs 3251;
when the time for opening the electromagnetic valve on the counter flow pipe 8 reaches the preset time and the difference is larger than the minimum preset value, the manager is informed to replace the biological treatment layer 322 in the planting filter bed 3.
The biological treatment layer 322 and the soil planting layer 321 are respectively arranged in the gabion mesh 325, the main purpose is that when water is treated circularly, the water quality still can not reach the standard, the soil planting layer 321 and the biological treatment layer 322 are conveniently hoisted out through the hoisting lug 3251, the biological treatment layer 322 is replaced, and then the soil planting layer 321 and the biological treatment layer 322 which are arranged in the gabion mesh 325 are placed into the planting frame 32.
After the planting filter bed 3 operates for several years, in order to improve the purification efficiency, the biological treatment layer 322 and the soil planting layer 321 can be hoisted through the gabion mesh 325, the gravel layer 323 and the gravel layer 324 are hoisted through the planting frame 32, the three purification layers are replaced, and after the new purification layers are replaced, the original soil planting layer 321 with the plants is placed back to the planting frame 32.
As shown in fig. 2, the pipeline 4 includes a first pipeline 41 extending into the gravel layer 324 through the planting frame 32, a second pipeline 42 extending into the biological treatment layer 322 through the planting frame 32, and a connecting structure 43 disposed in a mounting hole formed in a side wall of the planting slot 31; the end of the first pipe 41 positioned on the gravel layer 324 and the end of the second pipe 42 positioned on the biological treatment layer 322 are both provided with filter screens;
the other ends of the first pipe 41 and the second pipe are sleeved with annular magnets 432 which attract each other; the connecting structure 43 includes an elastic tube 431 sealingly installed in the installation hole, and a ring magnet 432 is installed at both ends of the elastic tube 431.
After the pipeline 4 of this scheme adopts above-mentioned structural configuration, when hoisting the gravel layer 324 among the planting frame 32, under ascending strength of force, in the annular magnet 432 separation process of first pipeline 41/second pipeline 42 and elastic conduit 431, in order to guarantee to plant frame 32 and hang out smoothly under the unblock, when putting back gravel layer 324 through planting frame 32, under the effect of annular magnet 432, first pipeline 41/second pipeline 42 switches on with elastic conduit 431, make things convenient for the water that has purified to flow down the one-level to plant filter bed 3.
Referring again to fig. 2, the mounting hole is a stepped hole having a diameter equal to the diameter of the resilient conduit 431 in the middle section and equal to the diameter of the ring magnet 432 at both ends.
Such mounting hole can avoid pulling out connection structure 43 from the mounting hole when hoisting out planting frame 32, avoids the whole clean up of installation thing in the adjacent planting filter bed 3, just can realize connection structure 43's reinstallation to planting filter bed 3 change efficiency has been improved.
When the system is implemented, the coal mining subsidence area water ecological restoration system further comprises channels, the lakes 2 are communicated with the lakes 2 adjacent to the channels in the coal mining area through the channels, and the outlet of each channel is provided with a gate; the control system further comprises a water depth sensor which is arranged in the lake 2 and connected with the controller;
the controller receives the water depth sensor once every set time period, and when the water depth collected by the water depth sensor is less than the preset water depth, the controller searches for the lake 2 adjacent to the current lake 2 with the water depth greater than the preset water depth;
when an adjacent lake 2 meeting the conditions exists, opening a gate of a corresponding channel, and introducing water into the surface runoff collecting tank 1;
when there is no adjacent lake 2 satisfying the condition, the external water supply from the current lake 2 is stopped.
Through the mutual cooperation of the channel, the water depth sensor and the controller, the water source scheduling among the lakes 2 can be automatically realized so as to ensure the ecosystem of the lakes 2 in the coal area.
To sum up, the ecological remediation system that this scheme provided can the dynamic adjustment get into the water yield of planting filter bed 3 to guarantee to plant filter bed 3 and continuously be in efficient purification efficiency.

Claims (5)

1. The coal mining subsidence area water ecological restoration system is characterized by comprising a surface runoff collecting pool, a control system and at least two levels of stepped planting filter beds which are built around a lake formed in a subsidence area and used for purifying a water source, wherein the bottom end of the upper level of planting filter bed is communicated with the top end of the lower level of planting filter bed through a pipeline, the bottom of the planting filter bed adjacent to the lake discharges water into the lake through a water outlet pipe, and the upper end of the planting filter bed far away from the lake is communicated with the surface runoff collecting pool through a water inlet pipe;
the side wall of at least one stage of planting filter bed is provided with a landscape illuminating lamp electrically connected with the power module, the top of a lamp post of the landscape illuminating lamp is provided with a photovoltaic power generation plate connected with the power module, and the photovoltaic power generation plate is connected with the power module through a photovoltaic inverter;
the control system comprises an illumination sensor arranged on the top surface of the photovoltaic power generation plate, a flow regulating valve arranged on the water inlet pipe and a controller which is electrically connected with the power module, the illumination sensor and the flow regulating valve respectively, wherein the controller is used for receiving illumination intensity acquired by the illumination sensor once every preset time, and adjusting the opening degree of the flow regulating valve and increasing the water yield of the water inlet pipe when the flow velocity of the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe is unchanged when the average illumination intensity of all the illumination sensors is greater than the preset light intensity;
the water outlet pipe is connected with a counter-flow pipe for guiding water into at least one stage of planting filter bed on the water outlet pipe; control system still includes the solenoid valve that sets up on counter-current pipe and the outlet pipe and sets up the quality of water sensor in the outlet pipe, the controller still includes:
receiving water quality information uploaded by a water quality sensor, and judging the relation between the difference between the water quality information and standard water quality and a maximum preset value and a minimum preset value:
when the difference is larger than the maximum preset value, only opening the electromagnetic valve on the countercurrent pipe between the two planting filter beds far away from and adjacent to the lake;
when the difference is between the maximum preset value and the minimum preset value, only opening the electromagnetic valve on the countercurrent pipe between the two planting filter beds adjacent to the lake;
when the difference between the water quality information and the standard water quality is smaller than the minimum preset value, electromagnetic valves on the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are opened;
the planting filter bed comprises a concrete pouring planting groove and a planting frame woven by steel wires, wherein a soil planting layer, a biological treatment layer, a gravel layer and a gravel layer are arranged in the planting frame from top to bottom, and the biological treatment layer and the soil planting layer are contained in a woven bag and placed in a gabion net; hoisting lugs are arranged on the gabion net;
when the time for opening the electromagnetic valve on the counter-flow pipe reaches a preset time and the difference is greater than a minimum preset value, informing a manager to replace a biological treatment layer in the planting filter bed;
the pipeline comprises a first pipeline which penetrates through the planting frame and extends into the gravel layer, a second pipeline which penetrates through the planting frame and extends into the biological treatment layer, and a connecting structure which is arranged in a mounting hole formed in the side wall of the planting groove; the end part of the first pipeline positioned on the gravel layer and the end part of the second pipeline positioned on the biological treatment layer are both provided with a filter screen;
the other ends of the first pipeline and the second pipeline section are respectively sleeved with annular magnets which attract each other; the connecting structure comprises an elastic pipeline which is hermetically installed in the installation hole, and annular magnets are installed at two ends of the elastic pipeline.
2. The system for ecologically restoring water in a coal mining subsidence area as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mounting hole is a stepped hole, the diameter of the middle section of the stepped hole is equal to the diameter of the elastic pipeline, and the diameter of the pipe sections at two ends is equal to the diameter of the ring magnet.
3. The water ecological restoration system for the coal mining subsidence area according to claim 1, wherein the method for acquiring the opening degree of the flow regulating valve comprises the following steps:
according to the current average illumination intensity, the evaporation capacity Q of the soil in unit area in unit time is obtained Soil(s) And the evapotranspiration rate Q per unit length of herbaceous plant per unit area Herbal medicine ；
Acquiring the area of shrubs planted in the planting filter bed, and calculating the potential evapotranspiration of all the shrubs in unit time:
Figure DEST_PATH_FDA0003370144450000031
wherein Q is Bush Is the amount of potential evapotranspiration per unit time,mm/h；S bush for medical use Is the area for planting shrubs planted in the filter bed,m 2 ；ET 0 for the amount of potential evapotranspiration per day,mm/d(ii) a Delta is the slope of the saturated vapor pressure-temperature curve,Kpa/℃；R n is the net radiation per unit area of shrub per unit time,MJ/（md）；Gin order to increase the energy consumed by the soil,MJ/（m 2 d）；γis a constant of a hygrometer and is,Kpa/℃；Tis the average air temperature of the air, and,℃；U 2 is 2mAt the high wind speed, the wind speed,m/s；e a in order to obtain the saturated water vapor pressure,Kpa；e d in order to actually observe the water vapor pressure,Kpa；Nthe average sunshine duration of the current season;a i is as followsiThe illumination intensity at the time of secondary collection;
according to the evaporation capacity Q Soil(s) And evapotranspiration Q Herbal medicine And potential evapotranspiration Q Bush And calculating the opening degree of the flow regulating valve:
Figure DEST_PATH_FDA0003370144450000032
wherein the content of the first and second substances,Kthe opening degree of the flow regulating valve; h is Herbal medicine Is the average height of all the herbaceous plants planted in the planting filter bed,m；S go out And S Go into Respectively the cross-sectional areas of the water outlet pipe and the water inlet pipe, S Herbal medicine 、S Soil(s) 、S Go out And S Into All units of (A) arem 2 ；V Into And V Go out Respectively the flow rates of the water outlet pipe and the water inlet pipe,m/s。
4. the system for restoring water ecology in coal mining subsidence areas according to claim 3, wherein the method for obtaining the area of herbaceous plants and shrub plants comprises:
acquiring multispectral images including a lake and a panorama of a planting filter bed around the lake by using an unmanned aerial vehicle, and preprocessing the multispectral images;
segmenting the preprocessed multispectral image by adopting a threshold segmentation method to obtain a plurality of segmented images;
acquiring standard gray values of all types of vegetation planted in the planting filter bed, and comparing the average gray value of the segmentation image with all the standard gray values;
selecting a group of the same segmentation image with the minimum difference with all standard gray values, and marking the vegetation type of the segmentation image as the vegetation type corresponding to the standard gray value;
and when the vegetation types in all the segmentation images are marked, accumulating the areas of the segmentation images with the same vegetation type to obtain the planting area of each plant.
5. The coal mining subsidence area water ecological restoration system according to claim 1, further comprising channels through which the lakes communicate with lakes in the coal mining area adjacent thereto, an outlet of each channel being provided with a gate; the control system also comprises a water depth sensor which is arranged in the lake and connected with the controller;
the controller receives the water depth of the water depth sensor once every set time period, and when the water depth collected by the water depth sensor is smaller than the preset water depth, the controller searches for a lake which is adjacent to the current lake and has a larger water depth;
when an adjacent lake meeting the conditions exists, opening the gate of the corresponding channel, and introducing water into the surface runoff collecting tank;
and when no adjacent lakes meeting the conditions exist, stopping the external water supply of the current lake.
CN202111396538.5A 2021-11-23 2021-11-23 Coal mining subsidence area water ecological restoration system Active CN114097466B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111396538.5A CN114097466B (en) 2021-11-23 2021-11-23 Coal mining subsidence area water ecological restoration system

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111396538.5A CN114097466B (en) 2021-11-23 2021-11-23 Coal mining subsidence area water ecological restoration system

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN114097466A CN114097466A (en) 2022-03-01
CN114097466B true CN114097466B (en) 2022-09-27

Family

ID=80440143

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202111396538.5A Active CN114097466B (en) 2021-11-23 2021-11-23 Coal mining subsidence area water ecological restoration system

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN114097466B (en)

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN202465398U (en) * 2012-02-16 2012-10-03 淮阴工学院 Suspended combination ecological filter bed
CN104499469A (en) * 2015-01-06 2015-04-08 西安科技大学 Novel method applicable to treatment of seasonal waterlogged coal-mining subsidence land
CN105787646A (en) * 2016-02-19 2016-07-20 安徽省农业科学院农业工程研究所 Nonstationary depression coal mining depression area grid ecological restoration method
CN108037244A (en) * 2017-12-18 2018-05-15 安徽省（水利部淮河水利委员会）水利科学研究院（安徽省水利工程质量检测中心站） A kind of intelligent apparatus and method for simulating crop multistage depth waterflooding experiment
CN109231472A (en) * 2018-11-02 2019-01-18 中国矿业大学 City and the regulation of periphery high ground-water level sinking land in coalmining areas landscape water body and ecological purification method
CN109455818A (en) * 2018-08-02 2019-03-12 广东东篱环境股份有限公司 A kind of adjustable submerged plant planting bed and the method for repairing water body
CN110092480A (en) * 2019-05-31 2019-08-06 汉嘉设计集团股份有限公司 A kind of sinking land in coalmining areas administering method and water pollution control system
CN110100708A (en) * 2019-06-14 2019-08-09 安徽大学 Water-saving irrigation method and water-saving irrigation system based on fuzzy logic control theory
CN209602316U (en) * 2018-12-17 2019-11-08 广东国能中林实业有限公司 A kind of creek, lake comprehensive repair system
CN111877256A (en) * 2020-08-14 2020-11-03 中国矿业大学 Construction method of ecological barrier in coal mining subsidence area

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE602005024581D1 (en) * 2004-09-16 2010-12-16 Phytorestore METHOD FOR THE TREATMENT OF POLLUTANTS THROUGH PLANT EXTRACTION

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN202465398U (en) * 2012-02-16 2012-10-03 淮阴工学院 Suspended combination ecological filter bed
CN104499469A (en) * 2015-01-06 2015-04-08 西安科技大学 Novel method applicable to treatment of seasonal waterlogged coal-mining subsidence land
CN105787646A (en) * 2016-02-19 2016-07-20 安徽省农业科学院农业工程研究所 Nonstationary depression coal mining depression area grid ecological restoration method
CN108037244A (en) * 2017-12-18 2018-05-15 安徽省（水利部淮河水利委员会）水利科学研究院（安徽省水利工程质量检测中心站） A kind of intelligent apparatus and method for simulating crop multistage depth waterflooding experiment
CN109455818A (en) * 2018-08-02 2019-03-12 广东东篱环境股份有限公司 A kind of adjustable submerged plant planting bed and the method for repairing water body
CN109231472A (en) * 2018-11-02 2019-01-18 中国矿业大学 City and the regulation of periphery high ground-water level sinking land in coalmining areas landscape water body and ecological purification method
CN209602316U (en) * 2018-12-17 2019-11-08 广东国能中林实业有限公司 A kind of creek, lake comprehensive repair system
CN110092480A (en) * 2019-05-31 2019-08-06 汉嘉设计集团股份有限公司 A kind of sinking land in coalmining areas administering method and water pollution control system
CN110100708A (en) * 2019-06-14 2019-08-09 安徽大学 Water-saving irrigation method and water-saving irrigation system based on fuzzy logic control theory
CN111877256A (en) * 2020-08-14 2020-11-03 中国矿业大学 Construction method of ecological barrier in coal mining subsidence area

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
安徽省城市水生态治理模式探讨;张卫;《水利发展研究》;20200610(第06期);第36-39、47页 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN114097466A (en) 2022-03-01

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN103880257B (en) The ecologic assemblage treatment process of a kind of rural area decentralized type sewage and device
CN105906173B (en) Repair method and device for treating black and odorous river water
CN106380000A (en) Ascending and descending dual-buoyancy regulation sinking bed-floating bed water quality purification device
CN104355402B (en) A kind of insulation aeration biochemical buoyancy tank
CN107935185A (en) A kind of step artificial wet land system for being used to improve water quality
CN109231472A (en) City and the regulation of periphery high ground-water level sinking land in coalmining areas landscape water body and ecological purification method
CN108243934A (en) A kind of system of quick adjusting submerged plant planting density
CN104692590B (en) A kind of sewage disposal system
CN109937747A (en) Overpass greenbelt rainwater-collecting and automatic irrigation system
CN204356879U (en) A kind of surface water collecting by filtration landscape planting device
CN114097466B (en) Coal mining subsidence area water ecological restoration system
CN204079599U (en) Sewage disposal device
CN208250116U (en) A kind of domestic sewage processing system suitable for characteristic small town
CN201473390U (en) Semi-closed gradually-submersible water purification device
CN214994274U (en) Gardens vegetation is irrigated and gardens water integration and is synthesized cycle control system
CN105906067B (en) A kind of height furrow type can built modular artificial swamp
CN114809227A (en) Rain and sewage flow distribution ecological treatment system based on artificial intelligence vision
KR101204043B1 (en) Indirect water intaking system of sump
CN205076891U (en) Multistage independent assortment formula horizontal undercurrent constructed wetland pollutes water treatment unit
CN111255040A (en) Sponge urban rainwater collection, purification and utilization integrated system
CN209367926U (en) A kind of modified deep bed mixed flow constructed wetland
CN106759075B (en) A kind of construction method of lake silt processing system
CN206736791U (en) A kind of structure for meeting dividing strip pumping equipment and greening requirement
CN205922018U (en) Ecological garden water cyclic utilization system and gardens water storage device
CN206110515U (en) Clean system is collected to rainwater

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant