CN114094335A - Dual port self-isolating antenna system - Google Patents

Dual port self-isolating antenna system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114094335A
CN114094335A CN202111287774.3A CN202111287774A CN114094335A CN 114094335 A CN114094335 A CN 114094335A CN 202111287774 A CN202111287774 A CN 202111287774A CN 114094335 A CN114094335 A CN 114094335A
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radiator
ports
feed ports
center frequency
antenna system
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CN114094335B (en
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郭雨轲
赵鲁豫
吴为军
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Xidian University
China Ship Development and Design Centre
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Xidian University
China Ship Development and Design Centre
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/08—Radiating ends of two-conductor microwave transmission lines, e.g. of coaxial lines, of microstrip lines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Abstract

The invention discloses a dual-port self-isolation antenna system, which comprises an ungrounded radiator and a floor independent of the radiator; the radiator is connected with two feed ports, and the two feed ports are connected to the floor; the distance between the two feed ports is one quarter wavelength of the working center frequency, and the length of the radiator is three quarters wavelength of the working center frequency; or the distance between the two feed ports is less than a quarter wavelength of the working center frequency, a gap between the two feed ports is etched on the floor, the length of the gap is the quarter wavelength of the working center frequency, and the length of the radiator is the half wavelength of the working center frequency. The feed points of the two ports are arranged on the radiating body, the quarter wavelength of the working frequency is pulled away, or a quarter wavelength gap is etched on the floor of the two ports, so that the two ports can work simultaneously without influencing each other, and the isolation between the ports is larger than 20 decibels.

Description

Dual port self-isolating antenna system
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of multi-antenna systems of wireless communication, and relates to a dual-port self-isolation antenna system.
Background
The high speed and the concurrency of the mass device communication can be said to be two important technical characteristics of 5G. In order to meet the challenges of increasing system capacity and user communication rate, expanding and mining the existing wireless spectrum and channel resources are two main technical routes. In terms of expanding wireless spectrum, 5G has evolved gradually towards millimeter waves in order to obtain larger, continuous absolute bandwidths; in the aspect of mining the existing wireless channel resources, a more complex channel coding and a higher-order MIMO (multiple input multiple output) system must be adopted, and MIMO and Massive MIMO technologies have great potential in the aspects of improving system capacity, spectrum utilization rate and user experience, and have become one of the most core technologies in a wireless physical layer technology system in 4G and 5G communication systems. With the continuous evolution of multi-antenna technology, the number of configured antennas is continuously increasing, whether on the base station or the terminal of the communication system.
On the terminal side, a newly released 5G mobile phone has 21 antennas, wherein 14 antennas are provided for the 5G antenna, the antenna configuration of a certain flagship mobile phone is adopted, a 2 xmmo is adopted for a 4G low-frequency antenna, 4 xmmo is adopted for each frequency band antenna of the 5G, a dual-antenna is adopted for a GPS, and a dual-frequency 2 xmmo is adopted for a Wi-Fi frequency band, and in addition, a 4/5G diversity (transverse screen) antenna is arranged in the middle of the side surface in consideration of the hand holding state so as to ensure the signal quality at any time. The antennas almost occupy all sides of the mobile phone, and the mutual interference risk of multiple same-frequency and close-frequency exists, so that the design difficulty is greatly improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the dual-port self-isolation antenna system is limited in space, the size of the antenna is not additionally increased, two high-isolation feed ports can be simultaneously supported, and the two ports can work simultaneously without influence on each other.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
there is provided a dual port self-isolating antenna system comprising: an ungrounded radiator and a floor independent of the radiator; the radiator is connected with two feed ports, and the two feed ports are connected to the floor; the distance between the two feed ports is one quarter wavelength of the working center frequency, and the length of the radiator is three quarters wavelength of the working center frequency; or, the distance between the two feed ports is less than a quarter wavelength of the working center frequency, a gap between the two feed ports is etched on the floor, the length of the gap is a quarter wavelength of the working center frequency, and the length of the radiator is a half wavelength of the working center frequency; the working center frequency is a middle value of a working frequency band of the dual-port self-isolation antenna system.
The feed points of the two ports are arranged on the radiating body, the quarter wavelength of the working frequency is pulled away, or a quarter wavelength gap is etched on the floor of the two ports, so that the two ports can work simultaneously without influencing each other, and the isolation between the ports is larger than 20 decibels.
The further technical scheme is as follows: the two feed ports are symmetrically arranged relative to the central section of the radiator, and the two feed ports work at the same frequency.
The further technical scheme is as follows: the two feed ports are asymmetrically arranged relative to the central section of the radiator so as to realize that the working frequencies of the two feed ports are different, and the distance between the two feed ports or the length of an etched gap is equal to a quarter wavelength of the middle frequency of the two working frequencies.
The further technical scheme is as follows: the radiator and the floor are printed on the front side and the back side of the medium substrate respectively.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a dual port self-isolating antenna system provided by one embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a dual-port self-isolating antenna system according to a first implementation form provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example application of a first implementation form according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the S-parameters of the antenna shown in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a simulation of the surface current distribution of the antenna shown in FIG. 3;
fig. 6 is a graph of the calculated envelope correlation coefficient variation between the two feed ports of fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a dual port self-isolating antenna system in a second implementation form provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example application of a second implementation form according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 9 is a simulation of the surface current distribution of the antenna of FIG. 8;
fig. 10 is a three-dimensional pattern of a single port feed of the antenna system of fig. 8;
fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a dual-port self-isolating antenna system according to a third implementation form of the present application.
Wherein: 10. a radiator; 20. a floor; 30. a feed port; 40. a gap; 50. a dielectric substrate.
Detailed Description
Example (b): according to the antenna, on the premise that the space is limited, the radiator and the two feed ports are adopted, the working effect of the two independent antennas is achieved, namely the two independent feed ports are achieved, the isolation degree between the two ports reaches 20 decibels, the return loss absolute value between the two ports is larger than 10 decibels, the two feed ports can work independently, and the radiation and the receiving of signals are carried out.
Isolation, which is the degree of mutual interference between antennas, is the ratio of the signal transmitted by one antenna to the signal coupled to the other antenna to the transmitted signal, and is usually expressed as S21 for an S-parameter for a two-port antenna, where an S21 of less than-20 dB usually indicates better isolation.
Decoupling, also known as decoupling, refers to eliminating coupling between antennas in a multiple antenna system or increasing isolation between antennas in a multiple antenna system.
The polarization diversity technique is to reduce the coupling between the antenna units by utilizing the polarization diversity between the antenna units, i.e. adjusting the positions between the antenna units or using different radiation patches to achieve different directional patterns and polarization modes, thereby reducing the coupling between the antennas.
Referring collectively to fig. 1-11, the dual port self-isolating antenna system includes: an ungrounded radiator 10 and a floor 20 independent of the radiator 10; the radiator 10 is connected to two power feeding ports 30, and both power feeding ports 30 are connected to the ground plate 20.
The radiator 10 is used for an antenna to radiate or receive a signal, and the size of the radiator 10 is not limited, so that the operating frequency of the self-isolated antenna system is not limited.
Independent of the radiator 10, a complete floor 20 is provided.
In a first possible implementation, the distance between the two feed ports 30 is a quarter wavelength of the operating center frequency, and the length of the radiator 10 is three quarters of the wavelength of the operating center frequency.
The working center frequency is a middle value of a working frequency band of the dual-port self-isolation antenna system, the working frequencies of the two feed ports are respectively a first frequency and a second frequency, the working frequency band of the antenna system is between the first frequency and the second frequency, for example, the working frequency band is 2.4-2.5 GHz, and the working center frequency is 2.45 GHz.
In a second possible implementation, the distance between the two feed ports 30 is less than a quarter wavelength of the operating center frequency, a slot 40 is etched in the floor 20 between the two feed ports 30, the length of the slot 40 is a quarter wavelength of the operating center frequency, and the length of the radiator 10 is a half wavelength of the operating center frequency.
As shown in fig. 1, which shows a schematic diagram of a dual-port self-isolating antenna system, two feed ports 30 are connected to one radiator 10, and arrows show the flow direction of feed signals, and isolation between the two feed ports 30 is achieved through the distance between the feed ports or the floor gap between the feed points.
With reference to fig. 2 in combination, there is shown a schematic diagram of a first implementation form, i.e. a dual antenna system with two feed ports 30 arranged one quarter wavelength apart on a radiator 10 with a total length of three quarters of a wavelength. In a specific implementation process, two feed ports 30 are symmetrically selected from a radiator 10 having a total length d2 of three-quarters of a wavelength corresponding to a working center frequency, distances from the two feed ports 30 to the center line are both d1, and d1 is equal to one eighth of the wavelength, so that two ports which can independently work can be realized.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an application example of the first implementation form, in which an open rectangular loop radiator is connected to two symmetrically located feed ports, respectively, the whole antenna is printed on an FR4PCB board, the light-colored part in the figure is a metal floor printed on the back, the dark-colored part is a radiator, i.e., the lower half is a floor, and the upper half employs an open resonant loop with two ports. The specific corresponding parameters are as follows: ws 58, ls 55, wg 44, wf1 3.2, lf 8.2, fd 12.6, w 8, wf 3, k 5, v1 1.5, lc 8, r1 3, r2 1.3, r3 0.8, hs 1.6, zl1 1.6, zw1 3, zl2 6, zw2 3, zls 4, zws 3 (unit: mm).
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the S-parameters of the antenna of fig. 3, showing the amplitude values of S11 and S21, respectively, for port matching and inter-port isolation. It can be seen that at a center frequency of 2.45GHz, the two ports achieve both matching and isolation requirements.
Fig. 5 is a simulation of the surface current distribution of the antenna of fig. 3, in which only the left port is excited and current coupling to the right port is seen.
Therefore, the envelope correlation coefficient is calculated according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0003333542230000041
wherein E isθ1(Ω)，Eθ2(omega) component of radiation electric field theta of radiator when the left port is excited and the right port is excited, Eφ1(Ω)，Eφ2(Ω) are the radiation electric field phi components of the radiator when the left and right ports are excited, respectively, the asterisk in the superscript indicates the complex conjugate operation, G is the gain of the corresponding component, Ω is the spatial solid angle, and the calculated envelope correlation coefficient is shown in fig. 6.
As shown in fig. 7, a schematic diagram of a second implementation form is shown, that is, two feeding ports 30 are closely arranged on a radiator 10 with a total length of a half wavelength, and a slot 40 with a length of a quarter wavelength is etched on the floor 20 between the two feeding ports 10. If the space of the radiator 10 is limited, the total length of the radiator 10 can be limited to d3 equal to a half wavelength, two feed ports 30 are abutted, a slot 40 with a length d4 of a quarter wavelength is etched in the middle of the floor 20, and the quarter wavelength of the slot 40 replaces a part of the length of the radiator 10, so that the radiator 10 can be set to a half wavelength, and the effect of a self-isolating two-port antenna system can also be achieved.
Referring to fig. 8, which shows an application example of the second implementation form of the present application, two feeding ports 30 are closely arranged on one radiator 10, and a quarter-wave slot 40 is etched on the floor 20 of the two feeding ports 30. The radiator 10 and the floor 20 are also printed on the front and back sides of the FR4PCB, respectively, with the two feed ports 30 being very close, so that a slot 40 equal to a quarter wavelength in length is etched in the floor, also realizing two feed ports 30 isolated from each other, and the ports being matched.
Alternatively, the slit 40 may be not only a straight line, but also a bending line, such as an L-shape, and the length of the entire slit 40 may be a quarter wavelength.
Fig. 9 is a simulation of the surface current distribution of the antenna of fig. 8, again for left port excitation, and it can be seen that very little current is coupled to the right port 2.
Fig. 10 is a three-dimensional pattern of a single port feed of the antenna system of fig. 8, showing only one port excited three-dimensional pattern, since the ports and radiators are relatively symmetrical.
In the above two implementations, at the center frequency of operation, the isolation between the two feeding ports 30 is greater than 20db, the absolute value of the return loss of the two feeding ports 30 is greater than 10 db, and the standing wave ratio of the two feeding ports 30 is less than 2.
The embodiment of the present application relates to a two-unit MIMO or diversity antenna technology, and an antenna system in which two feeding ports 30 are isolated from each other is automatically implemented, and the two feeding ports 30 are connected to one radiator 10, thereby implementing simultaneous operation of the MIMO mode or the diversity mode of the two feeding ports 30. The method provided by this embodiment needs to effectively place the feeding points of the two feeding ports 30 on the radiator 10, pull the quarter wavelength of the operating frequency apart, or etch a quarter wavelength slot 40 on the floor 20 of the two feeding ports 30, so as to ensure that the two feeding ports 30 operate simultaneously without affecting each other, and the isolation between the feeding ports 30 is greater than 20db, so as to be able to target any dual-port antenna system with the same frequency and close frequency, and not requiring any external circuit, structure or control logic.
Alternatively, the two feed ports 30 are symmetrically disposed with respect to the central cross-section of the radiator 10, and the two feed ports 30 operate at the same frequency, so that the operating central frequency is the same as the operating frequency of the feed ports 30
Optionally, the two feed ports 30 are asymmetrically arranged with respect to the central cross section of the radiator 10, so as to realize that the operating frequencies of the two feed ports 30 are different, but the two operating frequencies are very close, the distance between the two feed ports 30 or the length of the etched slot is equal to a quarter wavelength of the middle frequency of the two operating frequencies, and if one feed port operates at the first frequency and the other feed port operates at the second frequency, the operating center frequency is the middle value of the first frequency and the second frequency.
Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a third implementation form of the present application, i.e. two feed ports 30 are not equidistant from the center line of the radiator 10, and it can be seen from fig. 11 that, with respect to the center line of the radiator 10, the distances between the two feed ports 30 are d1 and d5, respectively, and d1 ≠ d5, but d1+ d5 is equal to a quarter wavelength of the operating center frequency, which is the middle frequency at which the two ports excite different radiation frequencies. Alternatively, the two feeding ports 30 may not be on the same horizontal line.
Optionally, the dual-port self-isolation antenna system further includes a dielectric substrate 50, and the radiator 10 and the floor 20 are printed on the front and back sides of the dielectric substrate 50, respectively.
Alternatively, referring to fig. 3 and 8, the dielectric substrate 50 may employ an FR4 PCB.
The embodiment disclosed by the application can be well applied to a double-antenna communication system.
To sum up, the dual-port self-isolation antenna system provided by the application pulls open the quarter wavelength of the working frequency through the feed point with two ports on the radiator, or etches a quarter wavelength gap on the floor of two ports, can guarantee that two ports work simultaneously and do not influence each other, and the isolation between the ports is greater than 20 decibels.
The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying a number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a defined feature of "first", "second", may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
The above-mentioned serial numbers of the embodiments of the present application are merely for description and do not represent the merits of the embodiments.
The above description is only exemplary of the present application and should not be taken as limiting the present application, as any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (4)

1. A dual port self-isolating antenna system, comprising: an ungrounded radiator and a floor independent of the radiator; the radiator is connected with two feed ports, and the two feed ports are connected to the floor;
the distance between the two feed ports is one quarter wavelength of the working center frequency, and the length of the radiator is three quarters wavelength of the working center frequency; or, the distance between the two feed ports is less than a quarter wavelength of the working center frequency, a gap between the two feed ports is etched on the floor, the length of the gap is a quarter wavelength of the working center frequency, and the length of the radiator is a half wavelength of the working center frequency;
the working center frequency is a middle value of a working frequency band of the dual-port self-isolation antenna system.
2. The dual port self-isolating antenna system of claim 1, wherein the two feed ports are symmetrically disposed with respect to a central cross-section of the radiator, the two feed ports operating at a same frequency.
3. The dual port self-isolating antenna system of claim 1, wherein the two feed ports are asymmetrically disposed with respect to a center cross-section of the radiator to achieve a difference in operating frequencies of the two feed ports, and a distance between the two feed ports or an etched slot length is equal to a quarter wavelength of a middle frequency of the two operating frequencies.
4. The dual port self-isolating antenna system of any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a dielectric substrate,
the radiator and the floor are printed on the front side and the back side of the medium substrate respectively.
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