CN216563548U - High-isolation coplanar 5GNR antenna with four-unit half-slot structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a high-isolation coplanar 5GNR antenna with a four-unit half-gap structure, which comprises four antenna units which are provided with half-gap structures and work in a 5GNR frequency band, wherein the antenna units are placed anticlockwise; the four antenna units are arranged in a mutually vertical topological structure. The half-slot structure is a tuning fork-shaped slot which is arranged on the floor and the dielectric substrate, the shape of the slot is changed according to the requirement of an actual antenna system, and for the antenna with the complete floor, the tuning fork-shaped slot structure is added, so that the current path of the 5GNR antenna can be effectively prolonged, the interaction among antenna units is reduced, and the isolation of the antenna in the whole frequency band is effectively improved. The present invention relates to the field of wireless communications. The utility model improves the isolation between the units under the conditions of limited physical space, wide bandwidth requirement and strong mutual coupling of adjacent antenna units.

Description

High-isolation coplanar 5GNR antenna with four-unit half-slot structure

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of wireless communication, in particular to a high-isolation coplanar 5GNR antenna with a four-unit half-slot structure.

Background

Three mobile operators in China formally come on-line with 5G commercial packages from 11 months and 1 day in 2019, which marks that China formally enters the 5G commercial era. 5G has richer application scenarios, requiring higher data transmission rates. In order to meet the requirement of 5G communication, the national ministry of industry and communications allocates new spectrum resources to various large mobile operators. The Sub-6G frequency band is allocated in China, and specifically comprises 260MHz frequency bands of 2515-2675 MHz (n41) and 4800-4900 MHz (n79) in China, 100MHz frequency bands of 3400-3500 MHz (n78) in China telecom, 100MHz of 3500-3600 MHz (n78) in China Unicom, and 100MHz of 4900-5000 MHz (n79) in China radio and television. This means that 5G end users must be able to simultaneously satisfy these different frequency bands in order to implement handovers in different operator networks. Therefore, research into designing an antenna that can be used in a full frequency band is becoming more and more important.

With the division of Sub-6G frequency bands in the 5G mobile communication field, more and more scholars begin to design 5G antennas, but a single antenna unit cannot meet the requirements of mobile communication, so that more unit antenna arrays need to be introduced to obtain higher gain. In the case of small size, it is also necessary to place multiple antennas, which also solves the mutual coupling problem. Therefore, there is a certain requirement for decoupling in designing multiple MIMO antennas.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide an antenna which adopts a decoupling structure to improve the coupling performance between antenna units and improve the isolation between the units under the conditions that the physical space is limited, the bandwidth requirement is wide and the adjacent antenna units have strong mutual coupling.

In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model provides the following technical scheme: a four-element half-slot structure high isolation coplanar 5GNR antenna, comprising:

the four antenna units are provided with half-gap structures and work in a 5GNR frequency band, and the antenna units are placed anticlockwise;

the four antenna units are mutually vertically arranged in a topological structure;

the antenna unit and the floor are printed on the same plane of the dielectric substrate, and the dielectric substrate supporting the resonance unit can be made of dielectric substrates with different thicknesses and different dielectric constants according to actual requirements.

Preferably, the four antenna elements and the floor are printed in the same plane of the dielectric substrate, and a coplanar waveguide feed structure is adopted to jointly form a radiation structure of the 5GNR antenna, so that the radiation performance of the antenna is influenced.

Preferably, the four antenna elements are arranged perpendicular to each other and are respectively printed on the dielectric substrate in the same form, and the 5GNR antenna has a good isolation effect due to the existing polarization diversity.

Preferably, the four antenna units and the floor jointly form a radiation structure of the 5GNR antenna, different frequency bands are respectively influenced, the low frequency band is mainly caused by radiation of the floor, the high frequency band is caused by the antenna unit structure, and different frequency band requirements can be met by adjusting the shapes of the antenna units and the floor structure.

Preferably, the four antenna elements arranged perpendicularly to each other can adopt a half-cut process to cut the complete antenna element along the feed, so that the size of the 5GNR antenna can be effectively reduced, and fundamental performances such as the matching bandwidth and the isolation of the 5GNR antenna are not affected.

Preferably, the half-slot structure is a tuning fork-shaped slot formed in the floor and the dielectric substrate, the shape of the slot is changed according to the actual antenna system requirements, and for the antenna with the complete floor, the tuning fork-shaped slot structure is added, so that the current path of the 5GNR antenna can be effectively prolonged, the interaction among antenna units is reduced, and the isolation of the antenna in the whole frequency band is effectively improved.

Preferably, for the antenna separated by the floor, a loop-type resonant ring structure is arranged, and the coupling path between each unit of the antenna can be changed by adding the loop-type resonant ring structure, so that the interaction between the antenna units is reduced, the isolation of the antenna in the whole frequency band is effectively improved, and the form of the loop-type resonant ring structure is changed according to the actual antenna system requirements.

A coplanar waveguide feed structure is adopted, and four half-slot structure antenna units are vertically arranged mutually to form the 5GNR antenna. Because the four antennas are vertically arranged, polarization diversity exists among the four antenna units, and therefore the antenna units have good isolation effect. For better isolation, a "tuning fork" slot structure may be etched into the floor for a full-floor antenna. For a floor-separated antenna, a "loop-type resonant ring" structure may be added. The coupling between the elements of the antenna can be effectively reduced to below 15 or 20 db.

Compared with the prior art, the high-isolation coplanar 5GNR antenna with the four-unit half-slot structure improves the isolation degree between the units under the conditions of limited physical space, wide bandwidth requirement and strong mutual coupling of adjacent antenna units.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the utility model and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the utility model and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the utility model without limiting the utility model in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of the decoupling of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a diagram of an electromagnetic simulation model of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a response graph of S parameters corresponding to the example of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an electromagnetic simulation model diagram of a high isolation coplanar 5GNR antenna with a four-unit half-gap structure under the form of a complete floor, and a tuning fork-shaped gap is etched on the floor to achieve a decoupling effect;

FIG. 5 is a S parameter response graph corresponding to the example of FIG. 4;

fig. 6 is a current distribution diagram of a high-isolation coplanar 5GNR antenna with a four-unit half-slot structure under a complete floor form according to the present invention when feeding through port 1.

In the drawings:

1. an antenna I; 11. a first port; 2. a second antenna; 21. a second port; 3. an antenna III; 31. a third port; 4. an antenna IV; 41. a port four; 5. a floor; 6. a decoupling structure; 61. a tuning fork shaped gap; 7. A dielectric substrate.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In fig. 1, four antennas are shared, a port one 11, a port two 21, a port three 31, and a port four 41 are respectively connected to an antenna one 1, an antenna two 2, an antenna three 3, and an antenna four 4, coupling between the antenna elements is denoted by C12, C13, and C14, the antenna elements are placed counterclockwise, and the coupling between C12 and C14 has the same performance, so we will mainly describe the coupling between C12 and C13.

In general, in the absence of a decoupling structure, the isolation | S12| (magnitude of S12) of the corresponding port one 11, port two 21 and the isolation | S13| (magnitude of S13) of the port 11, port three 31 are typically only 10 db or even worse due to the compact structure of the antenna unit.

After the decoupling structure is added, the performance of the antenna unit is not affected by the decoupling structure, and the isolation | S12| corresponding to the port one 11 and the port two 21 and the isolation | S13| corresponding to the port one 11 and the port three 31 can be improved by 5 db or 10 db.

Fig. 2 is a high isolation coplanar 5GNR antenna with a four-element half slot structure in a complete floor form.

The first, second, third and fourth antennas are printed monopole antennas, and the antennas and the floor 5 are printed on the front surface of an FR4 dielectric substrate 7 with the dielectric constant of 4.4.

The antenna adopts a coplanar waveguide feed structure for feeding, and the half-slot MIMO antenna has remarkable characteristics which mainly show good directional radiation and broadband characteristics.

The radiation patch of the radiation unit of the antenna and the floor 5 form a new radiation structure, and complete coverage of 2-6.0GHz extremely wide spectrum range can be realized by adjusting matching and exciting extra resonant frequency. However, the isolation between the first port 11 and the second port 21 is only 10 db at a low frequency due to the current flowing between the floors 5, and the isolation is more than 18 db because the distance between the first port 11 and the third port 31 is relatively long.

In order to solve the coupling problem, the antenna is further improved on the basis of the original antenna. As shown in fig. 4, a tuning fork shaped gap 61 is added on the floor, and the tuning fork shaped gap structure can effectively prolong the current path, thereby widening the frequency bandwidth of low frequency and improving the isolation especially in the low frequency band. As can be seen from the S parameter response of fig. 5, the bandwidth of the high frequency of the antenna is not affected when the antenna operates, and meanwhile, the bandwidth of the low frequency can be expanded to 1.7GHz, and has been increased to 15 db from the previous 10 db or so, and a part of the frequency band can reach 20 db or even higher.

Fig. 6 shows the current distribution of the high isolation coplanar 5GNR antenna with a four-element half-slot structure under the form of a complete floor, when fed from port one 11. In low frequency operation, the antenna floor 5 together with the monopole forms a radiating structure, thus creating a bandwidth for low frequencies, while high frequencies are mainly generated by the monopole. When one of the antenna elements is fed, a lot of current flows around the antenna element from the current path, and flows along the floor to the surroundings, so that a strong induced current is generated between the connected antenna elements, and the coupling is in a high state. The decoupling structure made this time is to change the direction of the current path, so as to reduce the mutual interference between any two unit antennas.

The method for improving the coupling performance can be well applied to a multi-antenna communication system.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the utility model, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (7)

1. A four-unit half-slot structure high-isolation coplanar 5GNR antenna, comprising:

the four antenna units are provided with half-gap structures and work in a 5GNR frequency band, and the antenna units are placed anticlockwise;

the four antenna units are mutually vertically arranged in a topological structure;

the antenna unit and the floor are printed in the same plane of the dielectric substrate.

2. The four-unit half-slot structure high-isolation coplanar 5GNR antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the four antenna units and the floor are printed in the same plane of the dielectric substrate, and a coplanar waveguide feed structure is adopted to jointly form a radiation structure of the 5GNR antenna.

3. The four-unit half-slot structure high-isolation coplanar 5GNR antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the four antenna units are arranged perpendicular to each other and are respectively printed on the dielectric substrate in the same form.

4. The four-unit half-slot structure high-isolation coplanar 5GNR antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the four antenna units and the floor jointly form a radiation structure of the 5GNR antenna, and different frequency bands are respectively influenced.

5. The four-unit half-slot structure high-isolation coplanar 5GNR antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the four antenna units which are arranged vertically to each other can adopt a half-cutting process to cut the complete antenna unit along the feed.

6. The four-unit half-slot structure high-isolation coplanar 5GNR antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the half-slit structure is a tuning fork-shaped slit arranged on the floor and the medium substrate, and the shape of the slit is changed according to the requirement of an actual antenna system.

7. The four-unit half-slot structure high-isolation coplanar 5GNR antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the antenna separated by the floor is provided with a loop-type resonant ring structure, and the loop-type resonant ring structure is changed by actual antenna system requirements.

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