KR20190087270A - Antenna device and electronic apparatus having the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an antenna device. According to the present invention, the antenna device includes a plurality of radiators for transmitting and receiving a signal, and a first feed unit for supplying an electrical signal to the radiators. The plurality of radiators are configured with a first radiator and a second radiator for transmitting and receiving a signal through a first frequency band, and a third radiator for transmitting and receiving a signal through a second frequency band. The third radiator is located between the first radiator and the second radiator. The first radiator, the second radiator, and the third radiator are connected through a first via hole.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to an antenna apparatus and an electronic apparatus having the antenna apparatus in a wireless communication system.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an antenna device in a wireless communication system, and more particularly, to a configuration and an implementation method of an antenna device for millimeter wave band and 5G mobile communication and an electronic device having the same.

Due to advances in manufacturing and production technology, the number of electronic devices is increasing day by day. These electronic devices exchange various information through Wi-Fi, Bluetooth's short-range wireless communication technology and mobile communication technologies including 3G, LTE and 5G.

As such electronic devices using short-range and long-distance wireless communication technologies have spread and various high-quality contents and services have been produced, communication technologies for increasing data transmission speed and data processing capacity have been developed.

However, because of the lack of frequency bandwidth for securing mobile data traffic and transmission rate in the existing sub-6GHz frequency band, it is possible to obtain faster data transmission rate and larger communication channel capacity A millimeter-wave band of several tens of GHz or more is being actively developed.

Currently, governments and industries around the world are leading the standardization for the frequency allocation of 5G mobile communication, and the 28GHz band is being adopted in various countries including USA, Europe, Korea, and Japan. In addition, the 38GHz band is also being adopted by the US, China, and Europe.

Since the propagation environment of the millimeter-putter band has high free space loss and sparse channel transmission characteristics, it is necessary to overcome these characteristics by using a phased array antenna capable of high gain and beam steering.

The millimeter wave band antenna is used in conjunction with a beamforming radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC) because it is used as a phased array antenna. In addition, there are many circuit elements inside the terminal, including communication devices, so it is important to avoid interference with these devices. Also, a method of minimizing the size of an antenna inserted in a terminal is needed.

In addition, it is not appropriate for the terminal to use the respective antenna structure for this band because the communication standard using the millimeter wave frequency may vary depending on the country and / or the service.

Therefore, it is required to develop a multi-band antenna operating in a frequency band higher than the dual band.

The signal radiated through the antenna propagates in space with a specific polarization. In communication signal transmission, the inconsistency between the orientation and the polarization between the transmission antenna and the reception antenna may cause loss of the transmitted signal.

In this case, since communication performance can be improved by simultaneously transmitting and receiving dual signals with two linear polarized waves (vertical and horizontal) or two circular polarized waves (RHCP and LHCP) at the same frequency, it is possible to generate double or multiple polarizations Development of antennas is also required.

The technical objects to be achieved by the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned technical problems, and other technical subjects which are not mentioned are to be clearly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs It will be possible.

More specifically, an antenna device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a plurality of radiators for transmitting and receiving signals; And a first feeder for feeding an electrical signal to the radiator, wherein the plurality of radiators comprises a first radiator and a second radiator for transmitting and receiving signals over a first frequency band, And the third radiator is positioned between the first radiator and the second radiator, and the first radiator, the second radiator, and the third radiator are connected to a first via hole ).

In addition, in the present invention, the power supply unit is configured in a stripline structure.

Further, the present invention further includes a ground layer at the upper and lower layers, wherein the ground layer of the upper layer and the lower layer is formed with the same slot for converting the feeding method from a strip line to a bilateral slot line.

Further, in the present invention, the antenna device is designed on a flexible substrate and is located at the edge of the terminal.

Further, in the present invention, the plurality of radiators and the first feeder have an electronic dipole structure for transmitting and receiving horizontal polarized waves.

In addition, in the present invention, the structure of the electrical dipole includes a merchand balun structure symmetrically in a feed structure at the top and bottom to produce a beam in the horizontal direction.

In addition, the present invention further includes a structure of a magnetic dipole for transmitting and receiving vertical polarization.

Further, in the present invention, the structure of the magnetic dipole is formed in the ground layer, and the upper layer surface, the lower layer surface and the rear surface are connected by a short circuit, and the rear surface has a second via hole connecting the upper layer surface and the lower layer surface .

Further, in the present invention, the magnetic dipole is fed based on a direct feeding method or a coupling method which is directly fed through the second via hole.

The present invention further includes a coupling director disposed on a front surface of the magnetic dipole to increase the bandwidth and gain of the magnetic dipole.

The present invention is advantageous in that an antenna having a horizontal polarization and / or a vertical polarization can be installed in a narrow space in an electronic device using millimeter wave communication including a terminal.

In addition, the present invention has an effect that a terminal can communicate with the outside in a millimeter wave band through an antenna having vertical polarization and horizontal polarization.

In addition, the present invention can efficiently operate the inner space of the terminal by replacing each antenna having a different communication bandwidth with a multi-band antenna and implementing the same in a single terminal, and without configuring each antenna device for various frequency bands .

In addition, the present invention has the effect of providing a terminal having a robust characteristic from external interference and having a wide frequency bandwidth through its structural characteristics.

The present invention also has the effect of adjusting the operating frequency by changing the length or width of the geometry of the driving dipole antenna and magnetic dipole antenna.

In addition, the present invention can reduce the size of an antenna by providing the antenna on a flexible substrate, and it is also possible to reduce the size of the antenna even in an outer case (or a cover, a chassis, There is an effect that can be mounted.

The effects obtainable in the present specification are not limited to the effects mentioned above, and other effects not mentioned can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description will be.

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the technical features of the invention.
1 is a view showing an example of a shape of a beam pattern according to an antenna to which the present invention can be applied.
2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a substrate and an antenna structure to which the present invention can be applied.
3 and 4 are views showing an example of a substrate structure for designing an antenna to which the present invention can be applied.
5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a method of inputting a signal to an antenna radiator to which the present invention can be applied.
6 is a diagram illustrating an example of a bilateral slotline structure proposed by the present invention.
FIGS. 7 to 9 are views showing an example of the antenna structure and simulation results resonating at a single frequency proposed by the present invention.
10 to 12 are diagrams showing an example of the antenna structure and the simulation result resonating at the dual frequency proposed by the present invention.
13 and 14 are views showing an example of a magnetic dipole structure to which the present invention can be applied.
15 to 17 are diagrams showing an example of a dual polarization antenna structure and a simulation result of resonance at a single frequency proposed by the present invention.
18 is a diagram showing an example of a beam steering method of a phased array antenna using a phase shifter proposed by the present invention.
19 is a diagram showing an example of a terminal structure including an antenna proposed in the present invention.
20 is a view showing an example of a package or a printed circuit board (PCB) to which the antenna proposed in the present invention is applied.
21 and 22 are views showing an example of a method in which the antenna proposed in the present invention is inserted into a terminal.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The following detailed description, together with the accompanying drawings, is intended to illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and is not intended to represent the only embodiments in which the invention may be practiced. The following detailed description includes specific details in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details.

In some instances, well-known structures and devices may be omitted or may be shown in block diagram form, centering on the core functionality of each structure and device, to avoid obscuring the concepts of the present invention.

In this specification, a base station has a meaning as a terminal node of a network that directly communicates with a terminal. The specific operation described herein as performed by the base station may be performed by an upper node of the base station, as the case may be. That is, it is apparent that various operations performed for communication with a terminal in a network composed of a plurality of network nodes including a base station can be performed by a network node other than the base station or the base station. A 'base station (BS)' may be replaced by terms such as a fixed station, a Node B, an evolved NodeB (eNB), a base transceiver system (BTS), an access point (AP) . Also, a 'terminal' may be fixed or mobile and may be a mobile station (UE), a mobile station (MS), a user terminal (UT), a mobile subscriber station (MSS), a subscriber station (SS) Advanced Mobile Station (WT), Wireless Terminal (WT), Machine-Type Communication (MTC), Machine-to-Machine (M2M), and Device-to-Device (D2D) devices.

1 is a view showing an example of a shape of a beam pattern according to an antenna to which the present invention can be applied.

The wavelength at the frequency of the millimeter waveband is in the range of a few millimeters, and the electrical length of the antenna radiator should generally be 1/2 or 1/4 wavelength of the frequency. For example, in the case of a frequency of 30 GHz, the length of a wavelength is 10 mm in air, and therefore, the antenna radiator has a size of about 5 mm or 2.5 mm unless it reflects the permittivity of the substrate dielectric.

Not only the length of the antenna radiator, but also the width and thickness of the antenna are important factors for the antenna. Generally, an antenna that forms an end-fire beam including a dipole antenna can be designed on an edge of a printed circuit board (PCB).

When an antenna designed for such a PCB is inserted into a terminal, an additional space is required at the edge of the terminal as much as the space occupied by the antenna is inserted at the edge of the terminal.

However, there is a problem that the space for inserting is very insufficient because the mobile phone terminal has a very dense structure of various devices.

In order to solve such a problem, the present invention proposes an antenna structure and a mounting method that can reduce the restriction of a mounting space in which an antenna is inserted into a terminal.

In addition, the PCB inserted in the terminal has a multi-layer structure and generally has a thickness of less than 1 mm. In this multi-layer structure, power lines, various control lines, RF lines, and the like are closely arranged, and various devices are attached to the upper and lower surfaces of the substrate. There is a need to develop a method that can minimize this mutual interference because high frequency signals are more likely to affect performance, or affect other devices, or are affected by other devices.

When the terminal antenna is inserted into the terminal, the shape of the beam emitted from the antenna may be perpendicular to the PCB plane as shown in FIG. 1 (a) or parallel to the PCB plane as shown in FIG. 1 (b) It can be in one form.

When the terminal antenna is inserted into the edge of the terminal, the shape of the beam emitted from the antenna is generally designed to form an end-to-fire beam in a form parallel to the plane of the PCB as shown in Fig. 1 (b).

2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a substrate and an antenna structure to which the present invention can be applied.

Since the PCB substrate has a planar shape with a thin thickness, the antenna radiator is generally designed according to the longitudinal direction of the plane. This is because it is easy to match the half-wavelength or 1/4 wavelength length for resonance of the antenna radiator.

Since the wavelength is in the range of several millimeters (for example, one wavelength at 30 GHz is 10 mm) at the frequency of the millimeter waveband, the size of the antenna radiator for resonance is 2.5 or 2.5 times the length of the wavelength mm.

In addition, elements such as the length, width, and thickness of the antenna are also important factors in antenna design.

In particular, in the case of a dipole antenna or a yagi antenna fabricated on a substrate as shown in FIG. 2, all the conductor patterns including the ground plane except for the antenna conductor pattern are removed from the space occupied by the conductor pattern constituting the antenna structure Should be.

That is, the width of the space in which all conductor patterns are removed must be reduced because other elements or modules can not be integrated.

For example, in FIG. 2, the board 210 having no ground plane of the antenna substrate 230 of the PCB edge and the upper and lower surfaces of the board 230 having the ground plane need to have no metal structure except the antenna.

In consideration of the above problems, the present invention proposes an array antenna design considering a terminal structure.

That is, in the present invention, the array antenna proposes a design of an end-to-fire dual band or end-to-fire dual polarization antenna.

Hereinafter, the array antenna proposed in the present invention has a center frequency of 28 GHz and / or 38.5 GHz, a frequency band of 3 GHz or higher, a PCB layer having a multi-layer structure (for example, three layers and / Will be described by taking an 8x1 linear array or a 4x1 linear array as an example.

However, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited thereto and can be applied to various embodiments.

3 and 4 are views illustrating an example of an infrastructure for designing an antenna to which the present invention can be applied.

The design of the antenna proposed in the present invention can be designed based on the infrastructure shown in FIG. 3 and FIG.

For example, as shown in FIG. 3, a PCB substrate (or a chip package substrate) used in the production of electronic equipment under the following conditions can be used for the antenna design considering the multi-layer substrate proposed in the present invention.

- thickness within 1mm

- 6 to 12 layers

And the pattern constituting the antenna may be implemented in a plurality of layers. As a method of connecting the conductors between the layers, a via hole process may be used.

In the structure of the present invention, it is possible to fabricate an antenna structure having a flexible characteristic by being fabricated on a substrate using a flexible PCB or a liquid crystal polymer material constituting these various substrates.

5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a method of inputting a signal to an antenna radiator to which the present invention can be applied.

In the design of an antenna, feeding design is a method of inputting a signal to an antenna, and a method of inputting a signal to an antenna radiator at the antenna structure side.

5A and 5B illustrate examples of a stripline structure in which upper and lower layers are grounded and signals are input to the middle layer. 5 (a) shows an example of a method of inputting signals to one strip line, and (b) shows an example of a diffrential feeding method in which signals of + and? Are applied to two adjacent strip lines, respectively .

5 (b), the input signal is applied to the ground plane and the inside of the upper and lower surfaces using strip lines. The input signal is input to the differential input stage composed of two pairs as described above, and the differential input inputs the + signal 510 to one port, Signal 520 is applied.

As another method of applying a differential input, a signal can be input to an antenna by giving a phase difference of 180 degrees in a corresponding operating frequency band using a delay line or a phase converter in two transmission lines .

6 is a diagram illustrating an example of a bilateral slotline structure proposed by the present invention.

In general, since a dipole antenna printed on most substrates has a cross-section, it is easy to supply power to a microstrip line. However, since the antenna proposed in the present invention applies a signal through the strip line feeding method, it is necessary to convert the strip line into a microstrip line in the middle.

In order to eliminate unnecessary conversion of the stripline to the microstrip line, the strip line is converted into a double slot line having a slot 610 formed on the ground plane located at the upper and lower sides as shown in FIG. 6, A dipole antenna structure symmetrically located on both sides can be applied.

The conversion from the stripline to the dual slot line consists of a strip-shaped transverse stripline connected to a pair of differential inputs on the inner layer and a bilateral slot 610 located on the upper and lower ground planes.

At this time, both sides of the slot 610 have characteristics suitable for a wideband application due to a good matching property with a strip line with a low characteristic impedance.

Through this conversion, differential signals coupled to both slots can be radiated to both dipole antennas equally positioned at the top and bottom.

≪ Example 1 >

FIGS. 7 to 9 are views showing an example of the antenna structure and simulation results resonating at a single frequency proposed by the present invention.

7 is a diagram illustrating an example of an antenna structure resonating at a single frequency. 7 (a) shows all of the antenna substrate structure, and FIG. 7 (b) shows only the metal pattern on the antenna substrate structure.

7 (c) shows the structure of the metal pattern of the overall antenna including the stripline structure.

As shown in FIG. 7, the structure of the antenna resonating at a single frequency is symmetrically configured in the upper and lower portions, and may include an antenna and a middle portion 710 of both slots to transmit a signal.

In addition, the structure of the antenna may include a dipole antenna radiator 720, a ground plane 750, a feeding part 740, and both side slots 730, which are symmetrical at the top and bottom.

The ground plane 750 can symmetrically constitute a strip line at the top and the bottom, and the power feeder can be operated by applying a differential signal to both sides of the feed line feeder configured in the stripline.

Both slots 730 may be associated with impedance matching to a conversion portion for converting the signal into a dual slot line, as described in FIG. Both side slots 730 can be formed in various shapes (e.g., square, circular or fan shape, etc.).

8 is a three-dimensional view of the antenna structure shown in FIG.

9 shows an example of a simulation result of an antenna resonating at a single frequency.

Referring to FIG. 9, it can be seen that an antenna resonating at a single frequency has a wide frequency bandwidth of 3.8 GHz and a gain of about 4.8 dBi based on 28 GHz.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the transmission line of the power feeding part may be configured to apply a singal-ended (unbalanced) signal instead of a loop for applying a differential signal.

For example, the transmission line of the power feeding part can be configured in the form of an open end in the form of an annular or stub-like stub.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, another embodiment of an antenna structure resonating at a single frequency can design an antenna operating in a dual band by making the lengths of the dipole antennas symmetrically configured at the upper and lower sides different.

For example, the upper antenna radiator may be designed to be longer than the lower antenna radiator to operate in the lower frequency band.

In this case, the upper antenna radiator can operate in a low frequency band where the frequency band is low, and the antenna radiator in the lower side can operate in a high frequency band where the frequency band is high.

In this case, the upper and lower antenna radiators may be arranged in different lengths, and the gap between the ground plane and the antenna radiator may be different from each other.

Alternatively, it is possible that the upper antenna radiator operates in the high frequency band and the lower antenna radiator operates in the low frequency band.

≪ Example 2 >

10 to 12 are diagrams showing an example of the antenna structure and the simulation result resonating at the dual frequency proposed by the present invention.

10 and 11 are views showing an example of an antenna structure resonating at a dual frequency. 10 (a) is an example of the overall structure showing the metal appearance of the antenna, and FIG. 10 (b) shows an example of the internal structure.

Fig. 11 (a) shows all the substrate structures, and Fig. 11 (b) specifically shows the structure of the antenna that resonates at the dual frequency.

As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, an antenna resonating at a dual frequency is formed symmetrically with a pattern formed at the upper and lower ground planes, similar to an antenna resonating at a single frequency.

However, unlike an antenna resonating at a dual frequency, unlike an antenna resonating at a single frequency, an antenna radiator is additionally present on a surface where a strip line is located.

The dipole antenna radiator 720, the ground plane 750, the feeding portion 740, and the both-side slot 730, which are basically the same as the antenna resonating at a single frequency, .

However, an antenna resonating at a dual frequency may be composed of a plurality of antenna radiators so that the dipole antenna radiator 720 operates in different frequency bands, unlike an antenna resonating at a single frequency.

That is, the plurality of antenna radiators may include antenna radiators having different lengths so that the antennas operate in different frequency bands.

For example, as shown in FIG. 10, the antenna radiators (first radiator and second radiator) 722 located at the upper and lower portions and the radiator (third radiator) 724 located at the intermediate layer are disposed in different frequency bands Signals can be transmitted and received.

When the first radiator and the second radiator operate in a high frequency band (first frequency band), the third radiator can operate in a low frequency band (second frequency band), and vice versa.

The first radiator, the second radiator, and the third radiator may be three-dimensionally connected via a via hole (726).

Further, the via hole may connect both of the slots and a plurality of antenna radiators.

12 shows an example of a simulation result of an antenna resonating at a dual frequency.

Referring to FIG. 12, it can be seen that the antenna that resonates at the dual frequency operates in a wide band of 4.6 GHz in the 28 GHz band and 6.6 GHz in the 38.5 GHz band.

Also, it can be seen that the antenna that resonates at the dual frequency has a gain of 4.37 dBi in the 28 GHz band and a gain of 3.87 dBi in the 38.5 GHz band, and the radiation is well formed.

When an antenna that operates in the dual band is designed, it is possible to secure a wide bandwidth and gain while simultaneously satisfying the frequency of the dual band.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, an antenna in which upper and lower antenna radiators operate in different bands can be designed by changing the lengths of the dipole antennas symmetrically formed in the upper and lower portions.

For example, the upper antenna radiator can be designed to be smaller than the length of the lower antenna radiator to operate in the low frequency band.

In this case, the upper antenna radiator can operate in a low frequency band where the frequency band is low, and the antenna radiator in the lower side can operate in a high frequency band where the frequency band is high.

In this case, the upper and lower antenna radiators may be arranged in different lengths, and the gap between the ground plane and the antenna radiator may be different from each other.

Alternatively, it is possible that the upper antenna radiator operates in the high frequency band and the lower antenna radiator operates in the low frequency band.

In this embodiment, a structure in which the high-frequency antenna radiator and the low-frequency antenna radiator are disposed in three layers has been described. However, when the antenna radiator is composed of three or more layers, (E.g., a high frequency band, a low frequency band, a first intermediate band, a second intermediate band, and the like).

13 is a diagram showing an example of a magnetic dipole structure to which the present invention can be applied.

The magnetic dipole structure is a structure in which the upper surface 13010, the lower surface 13020, and the side surface 13030 are connected by a short circuit as shown in FIGS. 13B and 14A, And the other surface except for the second surface 13030 is open.

That is, three surfaces of the four side surfaces except the side surface 13030 are opened.

The magnetic dipole structure can emit a vertically polarized signal by forming an electric field biased to a vertical polarization as shown in FIG. 14 (c) through a structure in which a part of the side is opened.

As shown in FIG. 13 (a), the signal source forming the electric field deflected in the z-axis direction can be modeled as a magnetic dipole source applied in the y-axis direction.

In such a magnetic dipole structure, a portion of the portion opened on the side surface of the PCB may be configured as a short circuit such as the remaining portion.

That is, three of the four sides of the side face may be short-circuited, and the other one face may be open.

The metal wall located on the side surface in the magnetic dipole structure can be implemented via a via hole in the PCB as shown in Fig. 13 (c).

An end-fire beam pattern having vertical polarization in the z-axis direction as shown in Fig. 14 (b) can be formed at the open portion of the side surface of the magnetic dipole structure.

The present invention proposes an antenna structure having vertical polarization and horizontal polarization through such a magnetic dipole structure and an electric dipole structure.

≪ Example 3 >

15 to 17 are diagrams showing an example of a dual polarization antenna structure and a simulation result of resonance at a single frequency proposed by the present invention.

15 to 17, the formation of the horizontal polarization beam can be realized by an electric dipole structure, and the formation of the vertical polarization beam can be realized by the magnetic dipole structure shown in FIGS.

In order to combine antenna structures with two polarizations in one space, an efficient spatial arrangement and a high degree of isolation between two antenna ports must be constructed to minimize interference.

Further, a structure in which the beam patterns having the respective polarized waves are formed in the same direction should be constructed. It should be symmetrical with respect to the thickness direction as much as possible in order to prevent occurrence of a phenomenon in which the direction of the beam formed by mutual influence caused by the antenna structure constituting each polarized wave is biased.

The proposed antenna of the present invention can be constituted by integrating an electric dipole structure and a magnetic dipole structure through a vertical arrangement using a plurality of layers on a multilayer PCB substrate.

The electrical dipole structure may be formed of a folded dipole structure formed by connecting an antenna pattern formed on the upper and lower surfaces thereof with a via hole.

In the electrical dipole structure, the signal is fed to the CPL line (coplanar stripline) where the signal applied to the microstrip line located on the upper surface of the printed substrate is fed to the antenna through the Merchandar Balun structure.

The signal transmitted through the coupled CPS line is radiated through a folded dipole structure, and the pattern of the emitted beam is formed in the end-fire direction and can have horizontal polarization.

At this time, the merchand balun structure portion of the feed structure can be vertically symmetric in the thickness direction in order to prevent the phenomenon that the beam is not formed in the end-fire direction but in the up and down direction.

As shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the magnetic dipole structure is formed on the ground plane, and the upper, lower, and side surfaces may be short-circuited.

In the magnetic dipole structure, the vertical surface in the thickness direction corresponding to the side surface can be realized by a combination of via holes arranged adjacent to each other.

The feed of the signal can be fed through the stripline either directly through the via hole in the magnetic dipole or via a coupling method. The applied signal may be radiated through an unobstructed aperture of the open side of the side of the magnetic dipole and the emitted beam pattern is formed in the end-fire direction and has a vertical polarization.

In addition, the structure according to the embodiment has a high isolation of -20 dB or more in a frequency operating range by adopting a coupling-type power feeding method for both antennas, thereby minimizing the mutual influence of each polarized antenna component of the dual polarized antenna, Transmission and reception can be performed simultaneously.

Fig. 15 (a) shows all of the substrate structures in a dual-polarized antenna structure resonating at a single frequency, and Fig. 15 (b) shows only metal patterns in the substrate structure.

15 (c) shows a cross-sectional side view of a magnetic dipole structure for showing a magnetic dipole-type power supply system.

The structure of the dual polarized antenna includes an electric dipole structure 15010 for horizontal polarization, a magnetic dipole structure 15030 for vertical polarization, a feeding part (first feeding part) 15040, and a coupling director 15020, ≪ / RTI >

The electrical dipole structure 15010 may have a folded dipole structure, as described above, and the upper and lower portions may be parallel to form a via-connected loop.

The electrical dipole structure 15010 includes a microstrip line 15040, which is a power supply unit in which the fed signal is fed through a microstrip line structure, and a coplanar stripline formed on the ground plane. ) May be applied to the folded dipole to form an end-to-fire beam pattern having horizontal polarization.

The magnetic dipole structure 15030 can be composed of three short-circuited ground planes as shown in Figs. 13 and 14, and can operate as the ground plane of the electrical dipole structure.

The magnetic dipole structure 15030 includes upper and lower surfaces 15032 and 15034 as shown in Fig. 15C, a feeding portion 15034 for feeding the magnetic dipole structure (second feeding portion 15036 ), And a via hole 15038.

The magnetic dipole structure is formed by applying a signal to the stripline 15036, which is a power feeding portion located inside the upper and lower surfaces 15032 and 15034, through a feed structure made up of a via hole 15038 and a stub They can be coupled and fed.

Coupled and fed signals can be applied to a magnetic dipole to form an end-to-fire beam pattern with vertical polarization.

In the magnetic dipole structure, the backside 15034 may be implemented as a via wall, which is a collection of via holes.

Banded coupling directors 15020 located on both sides of the electrical dipole structure 15010 are structures for increasing the bandwidth and gain of the magnetic dipoles.

Such an antenna may form an end-to-fire beam shape having a vertical polarization as well as a horizontal polarization.

Also, in the case of the electric dipole structure in the present invention, the structure of the antenna resonating at the single frequency or the dual frequency described in Figs. 7 to 12 may be applied.

16 and 17 show an example of a simulation result of a dual polarization antenna resonating at a single frequency.

16A is a simulation result of a dual polarization antenna resonating at a single frequency in the 28 GHz band, and FIG. 16B is a reflection loss at each polarization port of the dual polarization antenna.

Referring to FIG. 16 (a), it can be seen that it operates at a wide frequency bandwidth of 10.5 GHz for an electrical dipole and 3.6 GHz for a magnetic dipole.

16 (b) shows the insertion loss of the polarization port, which shows the degree of isolation between the antennas.

As shown in FIG. 16 (b), it can be seen that the dual polarized antenna has an isolation characteristic of -20 dB or less in all the operating frequency bands.

17 shows a 3D beam pattern (Realized Gain) simulating a dual polarization antenna at a frequency of 28 GHz, (a) a beam pattern of an electric dipole structure, and (b) a beam pattern of a magnetic dipole structure.

As shown in FIG. 17A, the electric dipole structure has a horizontal polarization in the end-to-fire direction and a beam is formed, and can have a gain of about 3dBi.

As shown in FIG. 17 (b), the magnetic dipole structure is formed with a vertical polarization in the end-to-fire direction, and can have a gain of about 3.7 dBi.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, a direct feeding method may be applied in which the feeding method of the dual polarized antenna is not a coupling method but a direct feeding method in which each antenna structure is directly contacted and fed.

Also, an antenna that resonates at the dual frequency described in Figs. 10 to 12 may be applied to the dual polarized antenna. In this case, since the electric dipole structure is composed of a plurality of layers, a radiator pattern operating in a different frequency band may be added to each layer.

In addition, since the dual polarized antenna can emit signals of horizontal polarization and vertical polarization, it is possible to simultaneously radiate signals of diagonal polarization by applying two ports simultaneously or by applying a phase difference of 90 degrees between the two ports, It is possible to design an antenna for radiating a radio wave.

The antenna structure shown in Figs. 7 to 17 can be expanded as follows.

- A director or reflector structure can be added to adjust the frequency bandwidth or increase the gain of the antenna.

- Direct feed structures can be used, where the feed structure is not a coupling structure but a direct contact.

- Feeding structure can be implemented in PCB, such as microstrip line, stripline, CPW line, and slot line.

- In the feed structure, both balanced and unbalanced structures can be applied as a feed structure.

18 is a diagram showing an example of a beam steering method of a phased array antenna using a phase shifter proposed by the present invention.

The antenna structure described in the first to third embodiments can be applied to the terminal when the antenna structure is applied to the terminal, as shown in FIG. 18, in which the antenna beam can be steered.

For example, a terminal can be applied to a 4 × 1 or 8 × 1 small array antenna because there is a space for inserting the antenna array. FIG. 18 shows the most typical structure of a phased array antenna using phase shifters, and each antenna is arranged at intervals of a specific distance d.

In general, the value of d has a half-wave length, and beam composing characteristics can be modified by adjusting this value or configuring d differently.

When the phase difference between the adjacent two antennas constituting the phased array antenna is DELTA phi, the beam steering can be performed at the scan angle [theta], which can be expressed by Equation (1) below.

The ideal phase shifter continuously performs the adjustment of the phase value. The actual phase shifter element is usually controlled by a digital bit. The phase adjuster has 360 ° phase adjustment range and a digital quantized phase step value with a specific bit number.

A terminal may be equipped with one of these phase converters, and a beamforming IC in which four or eight units of phase converters are integrated in one IC may be used.

In FIG. 18, the power amplifier amplifies the overall power signal magnitude in the course of steering the beam of the phased array antenna. By adjusting the gain of the power amplifier, the power radiated by each element of the array antenna is tapered Can be used to adjust the side lobe level of the synthesized beam.

In place of the gain control of this power amplifier, the attenuator can be used to optimize the beam by similarly tapering the gain by adjusting the loss (the power amplifier structure or the gain adjustable power amplifier (VGA: Variable Gain Amplifier ), And may have an attenuator structure.

18, which is an example of a phased array antenna structure, transmission signals input from a transceiver (modem) in a transmission array antenna structure are distributed to respective lines through a power divider, phases are controlled through a phase shifter, Is synthesized and transmitted through a steering beam.

In the receive array antenna structure, a low-noise amplifier (LNA) replaces the power amplifier, amplifies the signal coming from the antenna, and the combined signal is transmitted to the transceiver (modem) through the phase shifter and the power combiner .

Generally, a terminal has a transmitter path and a receiver path, and it can change a transmission mode and a reception mode through switching.

19 is a diagram showing an example of a terminal structure including an antenna proposed in the present invention.

FIG. 19 shows an example in which the antennas described in the first to third embodiments are substantially applied to a terminal.

(Or a variable gain power amplifier, attenuator, low noise amplifier), a phase shifter, a power combiner (power divider, and the like) shown in FIG. 19 as shown in FIG. May be integrated into one beamforming IC 19030 (RFIC, MMIC).

Four antennas correspond to one beamforming IC, and control signals for beam steering and beam optimization can be applied to each IC chip through a controller 19020. [

The beamforming IC may be connected to a transceiver 19010 to transmit and receive communication signals. In the case of an 8x1 array antenna, the signals of the two beamforming ICs 19030 may communicate using a single transceiver 19010 via a power combiner / power splitter, or two beamforming ICs 19030 may communicate with each other And may be connected to another transceiver 19010 to operate as a sub-array.

20 is a view showing an example of a package or a printed circuit board (PCB) to which the antenna proposed in the present invention is applied.

20 shows an example of an application to which an antenna and a beamforming IC are manufactured / attached on a PCB or a package when the antenna described in the first to third embodiments is inserted in the terminal.

The beamforming IC described in FIG. 19 is fabricated in an RFIC or MMIC package, attached to a PCB or a package substrate, receives power from the outside, transmits and receives signals to and from the transmission and reception ends, / Phase converter, etc.).

The beamforming IC is connected to the antenna through a path through which signals are transmitted and received. The antenna is connected to a transmission line such as a microstrip line or a strip line according to the structure of the antenna feed unit, have.

Since the antennas described in Embodiments 1 to 3 have an end-fire type beam pattern, they can be designed on the edge face of a PCB or a package as shown in Fig.

When an application is configured as shown in Fig. 20, the application can be embedded in the housing of the terminal and inserted, and can be used for mmWave communication or 5G mobile communication.

21 and 22 are views showing an example of a method in which the antenna proposed in the present invention is inserted into a terminal.

Referring to FIGS. 21 and 22, the antennas proposed in the first to third embodiments of the present invention can be made of a flexible material, and in this case, they can be inserted in the edge portion of the terminal.

Specifically, the antenna described in Examples 1 to 3 can be designed based on a material that can be flexible and bendable, that is, a material having a flexible characteristic.

As shown in FIG. 21 (a), when an antenna is designed on a general PCB, it is inserted into the terminal in a flat shape. In this case, additional space may be required for the antenna to be inserted.

However, when the antenna is designed as a PCB having a flexible characteristic as described above, since the PCB may be bent, the antenna may be inserted into the outer case (or a cover, a chassis, or a package) can do.

In this case, no additional space is required when inserting the antenna into the terminal.

The antennas described in Embodiments 1 to 3 have a beam pattern in the end-fire direction and therefore can be inserted into the edge portion of the terminal as shown in Fig. 22 (a).

In this case, as shown in FIG. 22, when the antenna is made into an element having a flexible characteristic and inserted into the bent portion of the edge of the terminal as shown in FIG. 22 (b), the space occupied by the antenna in the terminal is minimized .

Furthermore, although the drawings are shown for convenience of explanation, it is also possible to design a new embodiment to be implemented by merging the embodiments described in each drawing. It is also within the scope of the present invention to design a computer-readable recording medium in which a program for executing the previously described embodiments is recorded according to the needs of those skilled in the art.

The direction-based device search method according to the present invention is not limited to the configuration and method of the embodiments described above, but the embodiments may be modified so that all or some of the embodiments are selectively As shown in FIG.

Meanwhile, the direction-based device search method of the present invention can be implemented as a code that can be read by a processor on a recording medium readable by a processor included in the network device. The processor-readable recording medium includes all kinds of recording apparatuses in which data that can be read by the processor is stored. Examples of the recording medium that can be read by the processor include a ROM, a RAM, a CD-ROM, a magnetic tape, a floppy disk, an optical data storage device, and the like, and may also be implemented in the form of a carrier wave such as transmission over the Internet . In addition, the processor-readable recording medium may be distributed over network-connected computer systems so that code readable by the processor in a distributed fashion can be stored and executed.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments, but, on the contrary, It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

In this specification, both the invention of the invention and the invention of the method are explained, and the description of both inventions can be supplemented as necessary.

720: antenna radiator 730:
740: feeding part 750: ground plane

Claims (10)

In the antenna device,
A plurality of radiators for transmitting and receiving signals; And
And a first power feeder for supplying an electrical signal to the radiator,
Wherein the plurality of radiators are composed of a first radiator and a second radiator for transmitting and receiving signals through a first frequency band and a third radiator for transmitting and receiving signals through a second frequency band,
The third radiator being positioned between the first radiator and the second radiator,
Wherein the first radiator, the second radiator, and the third radiator are connected through a first via hole. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the power feeder is configured in a stripline structure. 3. The method of claim 2,
Further comprising a ground layer in the upper and lower layers,
Wherein the ground layer of the upper layer portion and the lower layer portion are formed with the same slot for converting the feeding method from a strip line to a bilateral slot line. The method according to claim 1,
The antenna device is designed on a flexible substrate and is located at the edge of the terminal. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the plurality of radiators and the first feeder have a structure of an electric dipole for transmitting and receiving horizontal polarized waves. 6. The method of claim 5,
The structure of the electrical dipole includes a merchand balun structure in the feed structure adjacent to the microstrip line to generate a beam in the horizontal direction,
Wherein the microstrip line is a structure for supplying an electrical signal to an electrical dipole. 6. The method of claim 5,
Further comprising a structure of a magnetic dipole for transmitting and receiving vertical polarization. The method according to claim 6,
The structure of the magnetic dipole is formed in the ground layer, and the upper layer surface, the lower layer surface and the rear surface are connected by a short circuit,
And the rear surface includes a second via hole connecting the upper surface and the lower surface. 9. The method of claim 8,
Wherein the magnetic dipole is fed based on a direct feeding method or a coupling method in which the magnetic dipole is directly fed through the second via hole. 8. The method of claim 7,
Further comprising a coupling director disposed on a front surface of the magnetic dipole to increase the bandwidth and gain of the magnetic dipole.

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