CN114094326B - UWB antenna gain improvement structure for WLAN applications - Google Patents
UWB antenna gain improvement structure for WLAN applications Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a UWB antenna gain improvement structure for WLAN application, comprising a horizontally distributed dielectric substrate; the top surface of the rectangular dielectric substrate is provided with a first arc radiation patch and longitudinally distributed feeder lines; an elliptical groove is formed in the first arc-shaped radiation patch; the middle position of the front side of the first arc radiation patch is connected with the rear end of the feeder line; the front end of the feeder is connected with an SMA connector. Compared with the existing single-layer wiring condition of the dielectric substrate, the UWB antenna gain improvement structure for WLAN application disclosed by the invention can cover the frequency band of 5.15-5.875GHz (WLAN), can effectively improve the gain of the antenna through the arc radiation patch structure design on the dielectric substrate, has good impedance matching performance, and has great practical significance.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular, to an improved UWB antenna gain structure for WLAN applications.
Background
With the rapid development of internet communication, ultra Wide Band (UWB) communication technology has been rapidly developed with the advantages of high data transmission rate, low power consumption, low cost, and the like.
Ultra wideband UWB antennas are an integral part of the development of UWB communication technology. The UWB antenna is an antenna with excellent performance and small volume. Among the different types of antennas, planar antennas and printed antennas exhibit good performance in UWB applications.
However, existing planar monopole antennas are difficult to use due to the volume problem. Therefore, in practical application, printed monopole antennas are becoming popular with people because of their small size, convenient manufacturing, low cost, and the like.
However, some existing UWB antennas have the problems of high loss in the dielectric substrate and low gain of the antenna.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of the present invention to address the technical deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a UWB antenna gain improvement structure for WLAN applications.
To this end, the present invention provides a UWB antenna gain improvement structure for WLAN applications comprising a horizontally distributed dielectric substrate;
The top surface of the rectangular dielectric substrate is provided with a first arc radiation patch and longitudinally distributed feeder lines;
an elliptical groove is formed in the first arc-shaped radiation patch;
The middle position of the front side of the first arc radiation patch is connected with the rear end of the feeder line;
the front end of the feeder is connected with an SMA connector.
Preferably, when the UWB antenna gain improvement structure is the antenna of the first structure, the structure further comprises:
the front end of the bottom surface of the dielectric substrate is provided with first GND metal patches which are transversely distributed and rectangular;
The longitudinal width of the first GND metal patch is smaller than the longitudinal width of the feeder line;
The transverse length of the first GND metal patch is equal to that of the dielectric substrate;
And the feeder line and the first GND metal patch below the dielectric substrate jointly form a microstrip line feed structure.
Preferably, the feed line, in particular the microstrip line, has an ohmic characteristic impedance.
Preferably, when the UWB antenna gain improvement structure is an antenna of the second structure, the structure further comprises: the left side and the right side of the top surface of the dielectric substrate are respectively provided with a second GND metal patch which is transversely distributed and rectangular;
The second GND metal patches are respectively positioned at the left side and the right side of the feeder line and are symmetrically distributed left and right;
The longitudinal width of the second GND metal patch is smaller than the longitudinal width of the feeder line;
The second GND metal patch and the first arc-shaped radiation patch are respectively provided with reserved gaps which are longitudinally distributed;
the feeder line and the second GND metal patches on the two sides of the feeder line form an omega coplanar waveguide feed structure together.
Preferably, when the UWB antenna gain improvement structure is an antenna of a third structure, the structure further comprises:
The bottom surface of the dielectric substrate is provided with a second arc radiation patch;
an elliptical groove is formed in the second arc-shaped radiation patch;
The first arc-shaped radiation patch and the second arc-shaped radiation patch are identical in shape and size and are distributed symmetrically up and down;
The elliptical grooves on the first arc-shaped radiation patch and the elliptical grooves on the second arc-shaped radiation patch are the same in shape and size and are distributed symmetrically up and down;
the front end of the bottom surface of the dielectric substrate is provided with a third GND metal patch which is transversely distributed and rectangular;
A reserved gap which is longitudinally distributed is arranged between the third GND metal patch and the second arc-shaped radiation patch;
the longitudinal width of the third GND metal patch is smaller than the longitudinal width of the feeder line;
the transverse length of the third GND metal patch is equal to that of the dielectric substrate;
the first arc-shaped radiation patch is connected with the second arc-shaped radiation patch through the metal via hole;
the first arc-shaped radiation patch and the second arc-shaped radiation patch connected with the first arc-shaped radiation patch through the metal via hole form an antenna radiation main body part together;
the antenna body consists of an antenna radiation body part and a dielectric substrate, wherein the left and right ends of the front side and the middle position of the rear side of the antenna body are respectively provided with a metal via hole vertically penetrating up and down;
The inner wall of the metal via hole is covered with metal.
Preferably, when the UWB antenna gain improvement structure is an antenna of a fourth structure, the structure further comprises:
The bottom surface of the dielectric substrate is provided with a second arc radiation patch;
an elliptical groove is formed in the second arc-shaped radiation patch;
The first arc-shaped radiation patch and the second arc-shaped radiation patch are identical in shape and size and are distributed symmetrically up and down;
The elliptical grooves on the first arc-shaped radiation patch and the elliptical grooves on the second arc-shaped radiation patch are the same in shape and size and are distributed symmetrically up and down;
the first arc-shaped radiation patch is connected with the second arc-shaped radiation patch through the metal via hole;
the first arc-shaped radiation patch and the second arc-shaped radiation patch connected with the first arc-shaped radiation patch through the metal via hole form an antenna radiation main body part together;
the antenna body consists of an antenna radiation body part and a dielectric substrate, wherein the left and right ends of the front side and the middle position of the rear side of the antenna body are respectively provided with a metal via hole vertically penetrating up and down;
The inner wall of the metal via hole is covered with metal;
The left side and the right side of the top surface of the dielectric substrate are respectively provided with a fourth GND metal patch which is transversely distributed and rectangular;
Fourth GND metal patches are respectively positioned at the left and right sides of the feeder line and are symmetrically distributed left and right;
the longitudinal width of the fourth GND metal patch is smaller than the longitudinal width of the feeder line;
And a reserved gap which is longitudinally distributed is respectively arranged between the fourth GND metal patch and the first arc-shaped radiation patch.
Preferably, the shapes of the peripheral outer edges of the first arc-shaped radiation patch and the second arc-shaped radiation patch are arc-shaped.
Compared with the prior art, the antenna provided by the invention has scientific structural design, and compared with the existing dielectric substrate single-layer wiring condition, the antenna provided by the invention can cover a 5.15-5.875GHz (WLAN) frequency band through the arc radiation patch structural design on the dielectric substrate, can effectively improve the gain of the antenna, has good impedance matching performance, and has great practical significance.
In addition, the upper layer and the lower layer of metal patches (namely arc-shaped radiation patches) connected through the metal via holes are arranged on the dielectric substrate of the antenna, so that the loss in the dielectric substrate can be effectively reduced, and the antenna gain is further improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1a is a top view of a UWB antenna gain improvement structure for WLAN applications, according to the present invention, an antenna structure of a first embodiment;
Fig. 1b is a bottom view of a UWB antenna gain improvement structure for WLAN applications, according to the present invention, an antenna structure of a first embodiment;
FIG. 1c is a top view of a UWB antenna gain improvement structure for WLAN applications, provided by the present invention, according to a second embodiment;
Fig. 1d is a bottom view of a UWB antenna gain improvement structure for WLAN applications provided by the present invention, the antenna structure of a second embodiment;
fig. 1e is a top view of a third embodiment of an antenna structure of a UWB antenna gain improvement structure for WLAN applications provided by the present invention;
fig. 1f is a bottom view of a third embodiment of an antenna structure of a UWB antenna gain improvement structure for WLAN applications provided by the present invention;
Fig. 1g is a top view of a fourth embodiment of an antenna structure of a UWB antenna gain improvement structure for WLAN applications provided by the present invention;
Fig. 1h is a bottom view of a fourth embodiment of an antenna structure of a UWB antenna gain improvement structure for WLAN applications provided by the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an S11 (return loss) parameter of an antenna structure of four embodiments of a UWB antenna gain improvement structure for WLAN applications provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of gain parameters of an antenna structure of four embodiments of the UWB antenna gain improvement structure for WLAN applications provided by the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of VSWR (voltage standing wave ratio) parameters of the antenna structure of the four embodiments of the UWB antenna gain improvement structure for WLAN applications provided by the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of antenna efficiency parameters of an antenna structure of four embodiments of a UWB antenna gain improvement structure for WLAN applications according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first", "a second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific case.
The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1a to 5, the present invention provides a UWB antenna gain improvement structure for WLAN applications, comprising a horizontally distributed dielectric substrate 1;
The top surface of the rectangular dielectric substrate 1 is provided (for example by printing) with a first arc-shaped radiation patch 21 and a longitudinally distributed feed line 4;
An elliptical groove 20 is arranged on the first arc-shaped radiation patch 21;
the front middle position of the first arc radiation patch 21 is connected with the rear end of the feeder line 4;
the front end of the feeder line 4 is connected to an SMA joint.
The SMA joint is used to provide excitation to the antenna. SMA connectors are known by the name Sub Miniature version A and are a typical high frequency connector. The SMA connector has the characteristics of small size, high reliability, wide frequency band, excellent performance, long service life and the like, so the SMA connector is suitable for connecting a radio-frequency cable or a microstrip line and a feeder line in a radio-frequency loop of microwave equipment and a digital communication system.
In a specific implementation of the present invention, the first arc-shaped radiation patch 21 is a metal patch, and the material is copper.
In the present invention, referring to fig. 1a and 1h, the UWB antenna gain improvement structure for WLAN applications provided by the present invention, specifically designed structure, may include four types of antennas. The concrete explanation is as follows:
Embodiment one.
Referring to fig. 1a and 1b, the first structure of the antenna is specifically as follows:
The top surface of the rectangular dielectric substrate 1 is provided (for example by printing) with a first arc-shaped radiation patch 21 and a longitudinally distributed feed line 4;
an elliptical slot 20 is provided (e.g. by etching) on the first arcuate radiating patch 21;
the front middle position of the first arc radiation patch 21 is connected with the rear end of the feeder line 4;
the front end of the feeder line 4 is connected to an SMA joint.
Furthermore, the first structure of the antenna further includes the following structure: the front end of the bottom surface of the dielectric substrate 1 is provided with a first GND (i.e. grounding) metal patch 41 which is transversely distributed and is rectangular;
The longitudinal width of the first GND metal patch 41 is 0.1mm smaller than the longitudinal width of the power feeding line 4;
The lateral length of the first GND metal patch 41 is equal to the lateral length of the dielectric substrate 1.
In the first embodiment, the feeder 4 is specifically a microstrip line having a characteristic impedance of 50 ohms. The feeding line 4 and the first GND metal patch 41 under the dielectric substrate 1 may form a microstrip line feeding structure of 50Ω. The power feeding line 4 and the first GND metal patch 41 are distributed on the upper and lower sides of the dielectric substrate 1 so as not to be in contact.
In a first embodiment, the antenna of the first structure is implemented by using a microstrip line feeding structure (i.e. including a feeding line 4 and a first GND metal patch 41) of 50Ω to feed and excite an arc patch radiator (i.e. a first arc radiation patch 21) having an internally etched elliptical slot, so as to obtain a UWB antenna capable of covering a 5.15-5.875GHz band, and the gain is 1.07-2.31 dBi.
In the first embodiment, the dielectric substrate 1 is made of FR4 board, mainly considering that the cost is very low, and the cost can be saved in practical application; a first arc-shaped radiation patch 21, as a radiation patch, printed on the dielectric substrate 1 using copper as a metal material; the elliptical groove 20 is formed on the first arc-shaped radiation patch 21 by means of metal etching; the first GND metal patch 41 is also formed by copper printing of a metal material on the dielectric substrate 1.
And an SMA connector connecting the 50 Ω feeder line 4 with the first GND metal patch 41 for feeding the first arc-shaped radiation patch 21 etched with the elliptical slot 20, thereby achieving antenna radiation performance.
Embodiment two.
Referring to fig. 1c and 1d, the second structure of the antenna changes the feeding mode based on the first antenna structure, specifically as follows:
The top surface of the rectangular dielectric substrate 1 is provided (for example by printing) with a first arc-shaped radiation patch 21 and a longitudinally distributed feed line 4;
An elliptical groove 20 is arranged on the first arc-shaped radiation patch 21;
the front middle position of the first arc radiation patch 21 is connected with the rear end of the feeder line 4;
the front end of the feeder line 4 is connected to an SMA joint.
In addition, the second structure of the antenna further includes the following structure: the left and right sides of the top surface of the dielectric substrate 1 are respectively provided with a second GND metal patch 42 which is transversely distributed and rectangular;
Two second GND metal patches 42 which are respectively located on the left and right sides of the power supply line 4 and are symmetrically distributed in the left and right;
The longitudinal width of the second GND metal patch 42 is smaller than the longitudinal width of the power feeding line 4;
two second GND metal patches 42 and the first arc-shaped radiation patch 21 have longitudinally distributed reserved gaps therebetween, respectively.
In the second embodiment, the power feeding line 4 constitutes a 50Ω coplanar waveguide power feeding structure together with the second GND metal patches 42 on both sides thereof.
In the second embodiment, the antenna with the second structure is a coplanar waveguide feed structure to excite the arc patch radiator (i.e. the first arc radiation patch 21) with the internally etched elliptical slot, so as to obtain the UWB antenna capable of covering the 5.15-5.875GHz band, and the gain is 1.43-2.77dBi.
In the present invention, the frequency band of the antenna can be adjusted by adjusting the size of the patch and the elliptical groove for both the first and second structures of the antenna.
In the second embodiment, the dielectric substrate 1 is made of FR4 board, mainly considering that the cost is very low, and the cost can be saved in practical application; a first arc-shaped radiation patch 21, as a radiation patch, printed on the dielectric substrate 1 using copper as a metal material; the elliptical groove 20 is formed on the first arc-shaped radiation patch 21 by means of metal etching; the second GND metal patch 42 is also copper-printed on the dielectric substrate 1 using a metal material.
And an SMA connector connecting the feeder line 4 and the second GND metal patch 42 for feeding the first arc-shaped radiation patch 21 etched with the elliptical slot 20, thereby achieving the radiation performance of the antenna.
Embodiment three.
Referring to fig. 1e and 1f, the third structure of the antenna is specifically as follows:
The top surface of the rectangular dielectric substrate 1 is provided (for example by printing) with a first arc-shaped radiation patch 21 and a longitudinally distributed feed line 4;
An elliptical groove 20 is arranged on the first arc-shaped radiation patch 21;
the front middle position of the first arc radiation patch 21 is connected with the rear end of the feeder line 4;
the front end of the feeder line 4 is connected to an SMA joint.
In addition, the third structure of the antenna further includes the following structure: the bottom surface of the dielectric substrate 1 is provided with a second arc-shaped radiation patch 22;
an elliptical slot 20 is provided on the second arcuate radiating patch 22;
The first arc-shaped radiation patch 21 and the second arc-shaped radiation patch 22 have the same shape and size and are distributed symmetrically up and down;
the elliptical grooves 20 on the first arc-shaped radiation patch 21 and the elliptical grooves 2 on the second arc-shaped radiation patch 22 have the same shape and size and are distributed symmetrically up and down;
The front end of the bottom surface of the dielectric substrate 1 is provided with a third GND metal patch 43 which is transversely distributed and rectangular;
a reserved gap which is longitudinally distributed is arranged between the third GND metal patch 43 and the second arc-shaped radiation patch 22;
The longitudinal width of the third GND metal patch 43 is smaller than the longitudinal width of the power feeding line 4;
the third GND metal patch 43 has a lateral length equal to that of the dielectric substrate 1.
The first arc-shaped radiation patch 21 is connected with the second arc-shaped radiation patch 22 through the metal via hole 5;
the first arc-shaped radiation patch 21 and the second arc-shaped radiation patch 22 connected by the metal via 5 form an antenna radiation main body part together;
The antenna body composed of the antenna radiation body part and the dielectric substrate 1 is provided with a metal via hole 5 vertically penetrating from top to bottom at the left and right ends of the front side and the middle position of the rear side;
the inner wall of the metal via 5 is covered with metal.
In the third embodiment, the feeder 4 is embodied as a microstrip line having a characteristic impedance of 50 ohms. The power feeding line 4 and the third GND metal patch 43 are distributed on the upper and lower sides of the dielectric substrate 1 so as not to be in contact.
The antenna of the third structure is an UWB antenna capable of covering 5.15-5.875GHz band and having a gain of 1.48-3.23dBi, and is formed by arranging arc-shaped patches (i.e., a first arc-shaped radiation patch 21 and a second arc-shaped radiation patch 22) with elliptical grooves of the same size on the upper and lower sides of the dielectric substrate 1 based on the antenna of the first structure, and connecting the patches by loading metal vias 5. Compared with the antenna with the first structure, the gain is increased by about 0.9dBi to the greatest extent.
In the third embodiment, the dielectric substrate 1 is made of FR4 board, mainly considering that the cost is very low, and the cost can be saved in practical application; the first arc radiation patch 21 and the second arc radiation patch 22 connected with the first arc radiation patch through the metal via 5 are used as radiation bodies, and a metal material copper is adopted to print on the medium substrate 1; the elliptical grooves 20 are formed on the first arc-shaped radiation patch 21 and the second arc-shaped radiation patch 22 in a metal etching mode; the third GND metal patch 43 is also copper-printed on the dielectric substrate 1 using a metal material.
And an SMA connector connecting the feeding line 4 and the third GND metal patch 43 for feeding the radiation body etched with the elliptical groove 20 (i.e., the first and second arc-shaped radiation patches 21 and 22), thereby achieving the radiation performance of the antenna.
Example four.
Referring to fig. 1g and 1h, the fourth structure of the antenna is specifically as follows:
The top surface of the rectangular dielectric substrate 1 is provided (for example by printing) with a first arc-shaped radiation patch 21 and a longitudinally distributed feed line 4;
An elliptical groove 20 is arranged on the first arc-shaped radiation patch 21;
the front middle position of the first arc radiation patch 21 is connected with the rear end of the feeder line 4;
the front end of the feeder line 4 is connected to an SMA joint.
In addition, the fourth structure of the antenna further includes the following structure: the bottom surface of the dielectric substrate 1 is provided with a second arc-shaped radiation patch 22;
an elliptical slot 20 is provided on the second arcuate radiating patch 22;
The first arc-shaped radiation patch 21 and the second arc-shaped radiation patch 22 have the same shape and size and are distributed symmetrically up and down;
the elliptical grooves 20 on the first arc-shaped radiation patch 21 and the elliptical grooves 2 on the second arc-shaped radiation patch 22 have the same shape and size and are distributed symmetrically up and down;
The first arc-shaped radiation patch 21 is connected with the second arc-shaped radiation patch 22 through the metal via hole 5;
The first arc-shaped radiation patch 21 and the second arc-shaped radiation patch 22 connected by the metal via 5 form an antenna radiation main body part together;
The antenna body composed of the antenna radiation body part and the dielectric substrate 1 is provided with a metal via hole 5 vertically penetrating from top to bottom at the left and right ends of the front side and the middle position of the rear side;
The inner wall of the metal via hole 5 is covered with metal;
In addition, the fourth structure of the antenna further includes: a fourth GND metal patch 44 in a coplanar waveguide (CPW) feeding structure is respectively disposed on the left and right sides of the top surface of the dielectric substrate 1;
Fourth GND metal patches 44 that are located on both right and left sides of the power supply line 4, respectively, and that are symmetrically distributed right and left;
The longitudinal width of the fourth GND metal patch 44 is smaller than the longitudinal width of the supply line 4;
The fourth GND metal patch 44 and the first arc-shaped radiation patch 21 have longitudinally-distributed predetermined gaps therebetween, respectively.
In the fourth embodiment, the feeding line 4 and the fourth GND metal patches 44 on both sides thereof together constitute a coplanar waveguide (CPW) feeding structure of 50Ω.
It should be noted that, the antenna with the fourth structure is formed by arranging arc-shaped patches (i.e. the first arc-shaped radiation patch 21 and the second arc-shaped radiation patch 22) with elliptical grooves with the same size on the upper side and the lower side of the dielectric substrate 1 respectively based on the antenna with the second structure, and connecting the arc-shaped patches through the loading metal via holes 5. The antenna with the fourth structure can obtain a UWB antenna capable of covering a 5.15-5.875GHz frequency band, and the gain in the frequency band is 1.6-2.99dBi. Compared with the antenna with the second structure, the gain is increased by about 0.2dBi as a whole.
In the fourth embodiment, the dielectric substrate 1 is made of FR4 board, mainly considering that the cost is very low, and the cost saving effect can be achieved in practical application; the first arc radiation patch 21 and the second arc radiation patch 22 connected with the first arc radiation patch through the metal via 5 are used as radiation bodies, and a metal material copper is adopted to print on the medium substrate 1; the elliptical grooves 20 are formed on the first arc-shaped radiation patch 21 and the second arc-shaped radiation patch 22 by metal etching, and the fourth GND metal patch 44 is also printed on the dielectric substrate 1 by using copper as a metal material.
And an SMA connector connecting the feeding line 4 and the GND metal patch 44 for feeding the radiation body etched with the elliptical groove 20 (i.e., the first and second arc-shaped radiation patches 21 and 22), thereby achieving the radiation performance of the antenna.
In the present invention, for the antennas of the third and fourth structures, the upper and lower sides of the dielectric substrate 1 are provided with metal patches (i.e., the first arc-shaped radiation patch 21 and the second arc-shaped radiation patch 22) having the same size, and the metal vias 5 are loaded to connect the two patches, so that the coverage of the frequency band can be adjusted by adjusting the sizes of the patches and the elliptical grooves.
In the present invention, in particular, for the third and fourth embodiments, the number, position and size of the metal vias 5 in the antennas of the third and fourth structures have some influence on the antenna performance, and the heights are the same as the plate thicknesses. The antenna mainly plays a role in connecting metal patches (namely a first arc-shaped radiation patch 21 and a second arc-shaped radiation patch 22) on the upper side and the lower side of the dielectric substrate 1, so that no voltage difference exists between the upper patch and the lower patch, the loss in the dielectric substrate 1 is reduced, and the gain of the antenna is improved.
In the present invention, the dimensions of the dielectric substrate 1 are 15mm wide by 25mm long by 1mm thick. The thickness of the dielectric substrate 1 is 1mm, so that the problem of self-supporting of the antenna is considered, the antenna can be bent when the thickness is too thin, the performance of the antenna is affected, and the mass production is not facilitated.
In the present invention, considering that the sizes and shapes of the slots in the first and second arc-shaped radiating patches 21 and 22 have influence on the impedance matching condition of the antenna and the gain of the antenna, the gain effect of the elliptical slot 20 is checked to have excellent gain effect, and since the shapes of the peripheral outer edges of the first and second arc-shaped radiating patches 21 and 22 are arc-shaped, the gain adjustment range of the antenna can be larger when the elliptical slot is selected.
Based on the above technical scheme, the invention relates to four scientific, low-cost and compact patch ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna structures with elliptical grooves, and the size of the dielectric substrate 1 is 15 multiplied by 25 multiplied by 1mm 3. Under the condition that the basic shape of the arc-shaped radiation patch with the elliptical groove is kept unchanged, the size of the arc-shaped radiation patch is adjusted, and all four antenna structures cover 5.15-5.875GHz (WLAN) frequency bands.
It should be noted that, in the specific implementation, the longitudinal length and the transverse width of the arc-shaped radiation patch are main factors affecting the resonant frequency of the antenna, so that the frequency band covered by the impedance bandwidth, the dimensions of the arc-shaped radiation patch, the elliptical groove and the like can be adjusted by adjusting the length and the width of the arc-shaped radiation patch, and the resonant frequency is affected somewhat.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 shows S11 parameters obtained by simulation of four antenna structures, and it can be seen that when the return loss is less than-10 dB, the frequency band range of the four antenna structures can cover 5.15-5.875GHz.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 shows actual gain parameters obtained by simulation of four antenna structures, and it can be seen that, in two feeding modes, the antenna gain can be improved by connecting the first arc-shaped radiation patch with the second arc-shaped radiation patch through the metal via hole 5.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 shows voltage standing wave ratio parameters obtained by simulation of four antenna structures, which reflect impedance matching conditions of antennas, and as can be obtained by fig. 4, the four antenna structures are smaller than 2 in the range of the coverage frequency band of the impedance bandwidth, and have good impedance matching performance.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 shows an actual gain/directivity coefficient obtained by simulation of four antenna structures, and an obtained antenna efficiency graph, it can be seen that under two feeding modes, the connection of the first arc-shaped radiation patch and the second arc-shaped radiation patch through the metal via 5 can indeed improve the antenna efficiency.
In the invention, the size of the dielectric substrate of the antenna is kept unchanged, and under the two feeding modes of microstrip line feeding and coplanar waveguide feeding, the upper and lower layers of metal patches connected through the metal via holes on the dielectric substrate are proved to be compared with the single-layer wiring condition of the dielectric substrate, so that the loss in the dielectric substrate can be effectively reduced, and the antenna gain is improved.
Compared with the prior art, the UWB antenna gain improvement structure for WLAN application has the following beneficial effects:
1. According to the invention, under the condition that the size of the dielectric substrate 1 of the antenna is kept unchanged and the microstrip line feeding mode and the coplanar waveguide feeding mode, compared with the existing antenna with single-layer wiring of the dielectric substrate, the antenna provided by the invention has the advantages that the upper and lower layers of metal patches (namely the arc-shaped radiation patches) connected on the dielectric substrate 1 through the metal via holes can effectively reduce the loss in the dielectric substrate 1, so that the antenna gain is improved.
It should be noted that, in the present invention, in the antenna design of the first structure and the second structure, a part of energy is dissipated in the dielectric substrate, so as to reduce the gain of the antenna, and therefore, the present invention further proposes an optimization mode that: the upper and lower layers of metal patches (namely, the first arc-shaped radiation patch 21 and the second arc-shaped radiation patch 22) are connected on the dielectric substrate 1 through the metal via holes 5, so that the current distribution of the upper and lower layers of metal is the same, and no voltage difference exists between the upper and lower layers of metal patches, so that the energy dissipated in the dielectric substrate is greatly reduced, the unnecessary energy loss of the antenna is reduced, and the antenna gain is improved.
2. The dielectric substrate provided by the invention uses FR4 boards, so that the production cost is greatly reduced.
3. Through a series of optimization, the four antenna structures adopted by the invention can work in the frequency band of 5.15-5.875 GHz. Through inspection, compared with the antenna with the first structure, the antenna with the third structure has the advantage that the gain is improved by 0.9dBi to the greatest extent; the antenna gain of the fourth structure is improved by about 0.2dBi as a whole compared with the antenna of the second structure.
In summary, compared with the prior art, the UWB antenna gain improvement structure for WLAN application provided by the invention has scientific structural design, and compared with the existing single-layer wiring condition of a dielectric substrate, the antenna provided by the invention not only can cover a 5.15-5.875GHz (WLAN) frequency band, but also can effectively improve the gain of the antenna, has good impedance matching performance and has great practical significance through the structural design of the arc radiation patch on the dielectric substrate.
In addition, the upper layer and the lower layer of metal patches (namely arc-shaped radiation patches) connected through the metal via holes are arranged on the dielectric substrate of the antenna, so that the loss in the dielectric substrate can be effectively reduced, and the antenna gain is further improved.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. UWB antenna gain improvement structure for WLAN applications, characterized by comprising a horizontally distributed dielectric substrate (1);
The top surface of the rectangular dielectric substrate (1) is provided with a first arc radiation patch (21) and longitudinally distributed power supply lines (4);
an elliptical groove (20) is formed in the first arc-shaped radiation patch (21);
The middle position of the front side of the first arc radiation patch (21) is connected with the rear end of the feeder line (4);
the front end of the feeder line (4) is connected with an SMA connector;
The bottom surface of the dielectric substrate (1) is provided with a second arc radiation patch (22);
An elliptical groove (20) is formed in the second arc-shaped radiation patch (22);
The first arc-shaped radiation patch (21) and the second arc-shaped radiation patch (22) have the same shape and size and are distributed symmetrically up and down;
The elliptical grooves (20) on the first arc-shaped radiation patch (21) and the elliptical grooves (2) on the second arc-shaped radiation patch (22) are the same in shape and size and are distributed symmetrically up and down;
The front end of the bottom surface of the dielectric substrate (1) is provided with a third GND metal patch (43) which is transversely distributed and rectangular;
a reserved gap which is longitudinally distributed is arranged between the third GND metal patch (43) and the second arc-shaped radiation patch (22);
The longitudinal width of the third GND metal patch (43) is smaller than the longitudinal width of the feeder line (4);
The transverse length of the third GND metal patch (43) is equal to the transverse length of the dielectric substrate (1);
The first arc radiation patch (21) is connected with the second arc radiation patch (22) through the metal via hole (5);
The first arc-shaped radiation patch (21) and the second arc-shaped radiation patch (22) connected with the first arc-shaped radiation patch through the metal via hole (5) form an antenna radiation main body part together;
the antenna body consists of an antenna radiation body part and a dielectric substrate (1), wherein a metal via hole (5) vertically penetrating from top to bottom is respectively arranged at the left and right ends of the front side and the middle position of the rear side of the antenna body;
the inner wall of the metal via hole (5) is covered with metal.
2. UWB antenna gain improvement structure for WLAN applications according to claim 1, characterized by a feeder (4), in particular a microstrip line with a characteristic impedance of (50) ohms.
3. The UWB antenna gain improvement structure for WLAN applications according to claim 1, characterized in that the shape of the peripheral outer edges of the first (21) and second (22) arcuate radiating patches is arcuate.
4. A UWB antenna gain improvement structure for WLAN applications according to any of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the dielectric substrate (1) has dimensions of width 15 mm x length 25 mm x thickness 1mm.
5. UWB antenna gain improvement structure for WLAN applications, characterized by comprising a horizontally distributed dielectric substrate (1);
The top surface of the rectangular dielectric substrate (1) is provided with a first arc radiation patch (21) and longitudinally distributed power supply lines (4);
an elliptical groove (20) is formed in the first arc-shaped radiation patch (21);
The middle position of the front side of the first arc radiation patch (21) is connected with the rear end of the feeder line (4);
the front end of the feeder line (4) is connected with an SMA connector;
The bottom surface of the dielectric substrate (1) is provided with a second arc radiation patch (22);
An elliptical groove (20) is formed in the second arc-shaped radiation patch (22);
The first arc-shaped radiation patch (21) and the second arc-shaped radiation patch (22) have the same shape and size and are distributed symmetrically up and down;
The elliptical grooves (20) on the first arc-shaped radiation patch (21) and the elliptical grooves (2) on the second arc-shaped radiation patch (22) are the same in shape and size and are distributed symmetrically up and down;
The first arc radiation patch (21) is connected with the second arc radiation patch (22) through the metal via hole (5);
a first arc-shaped radiation patch (21) which forms an antenna radiation body part together with a second arc-shaped radiation patch (22) connected with the first arc-shaped radiation patch through a metal via hole (5);
the antenna body consists of an antenna radiation body part and a dielectric substrate (1), wherein a metal via hole (5) vertically penetrating from top to bottom is respectively arranged at the left and right ends of the front side and the middle position of the rear side of the antenna body;
the inner wall of the metal via hole (5) is covered with metal;
The left side and the right side of the top surface of the dielectric substrate (1) are respectively provided with a fourth GND metal patch (44) which is transversely distributed and rectangular;
Fourth GND metal patches (44) which are respectively positioned at the left side and the right side of the feeder line (4) and are symmetrically distributed left and right;
the longitudinal width of the fourth GND metal patch (44) is smaller than the longitudinal width of the feeder line (4);
and a reserved gap which is longitudinally distributed is respectively arranged between the fourth GND metal patch (44) and the first arc-shaped radiation patch (21).
6. The UWB antenna gain improvement structure for WLAN applications according to claim 5, characterized in that the shape of the peripheral outer edges of the first (21) and second (22) arcuate radiating patches is arcuate.
7. UWB antenna gain improvement structure for WLAN applications according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the dielectric substrate (1) has dimensions of width 15mm x length 25 mm x thickness 1mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111297529.0A CN114094326B (en) | 2021-11-04 | UWB antenna gain improvement structure for WLAN applications |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111297529.0A CN114094326B (en) | 2021-11-04 | UWB antenna gain improvement structure for WLAN applications |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114094326A CN114094326A (en) | 2022-02-25 |
| CN114094326B true CN114094326B (en) | 2024-07-05 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2005062422A1 (en) * | 2003-12-23 | 2005-07-07 | Macquarie University | Multi-band, broadband, fully-planar antennas |
| KR20090079048A (en) * | 2008-01-16 | 2009-07-21 | 한양대학교 산학협력단 | Ultra wide band antenna using double side radiator |
| CN106785463A (en) * | 2017-01-09 | 2017-05-31 | 中国人民解放军防空兵学院 | A kind of single trap ultra-wideband monopole antenna |
| CN208608358U (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2019-03-15 | 常熟理工学院 | A kind of monopole ultra-wideband antenna |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2005062422A1 (en) * | 2003-12-23 | 2005-07-07 | Macquarie University | Multi-band, broadband, fully-planar antennas |
| KR20090079048A (en) * | 2008-01-16 | 2009-07-21 | 한양대학교 산학협력단 | Ultra wide band antenna using double side radiator |
| CN106785463A (en) * | 2017-01-09 | 2017-05-31 | 中国人民解放军防空兵学院 | A kind of single trap ultra-wideband monopole antenna |
| CN208608358U (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2019-03-15 | 常熟理工学院 | A kind of monopole ultra-wideband antenna |
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