CN114094145B - Vehicle-mounted fuel cell boosting DCDC control method and system - Google Patents

Vehicle-mounted fuel cell boosting DCDC control method and system Download PDF

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CN114094145B
CN114094145B CN202111327141.0A CN202111327141A CN114094145B CN 114094145 B CN114094145 B CN 114094145B CN 202111327141 A CN202111327141 A CN 202111327141A CN 114094145 B CN114094145 B CN 114094145B
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dcdc
fuel cell
fcu
load
current
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CN114094145A (en
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王琳
陈波
王丙虎
张振旺
刘康
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Zhongtong Bus Holding Co Ltd
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Zhongtong Bus Holding Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention provides a vehicle-mounted fuel cell boosting DCDC control method and a vehicle-mounted fuel cell boosting DCDC control system, wherein the method comprises the steps that when the whole vehicle is ready at high voltage and has no faults, an FCU sends an enabling signal to a fuel cell; the fuel cell enters a starting or closing state according to the enabling signal, and then the system is judged to enter a loading or unloading mode; the DCDC adjusts the current to a target current value according to a set load rate or unload rate. If the system enters a loading mode, the DCDC receives a starting command of the FCU, and the DCDC rises to a target current value at a set loading rate; the invention takes the frequent start-stop of the fuel cell system into consideration, slows down the impact effect generated by too fast acceleration and deceleration of the DCDC current in the acceleration and deceleration process, and the acceleration and deceleration rate also determines the consumed time in the starting and shutdown processes of the DCDC to a certain extent, thereby being beneficial to maintaining the stability and the high efficiency of the boosting DCDC of the fuel cell system.

Description

Vehicle-mounted fuel cell boosting DCDC control method and system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cell boosting DCDC control, in particular to a vehicle-mounted fuel cell boosting DCDC control method and system.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
The fuel cell bus is a novel energy bus, and is an 'electric and electric' hybrid system formed by combining a fuel cell and an auxiliary power cell in a strict sense. Since the output voltage of the fuel cell is insufficient to meet the voltage required by the high voltage distribution box, a boost DCDC converter needs to be added between the fuel cell and the high voltage distribution box to boost the voltage to the voltage required by the high voltage circuit and the load. The boost DCDC plays a role in the conversion of the fuel cell in terms of high and low voltages.
However, the inventors have found that in the vehicle-mounted fuel cell boost DCDC control technique, with frequent start-up of the fuel cell engine (FCU), DCDC will also follow the loading and unloading of the fuel cell engine to effect a change in operating mode. The time for the DCDC to enter or exit the working mode is determined by the load-reducing speed and the target set current value sent by the FCU, the time for the load-reducing speed to reach the target set current value is longer when the load-reducing speed is slow, the current is unstable in the speed-increasing process when the load-reducing speed is too fast, and balance between the load-reducing speed and the target set current value is required to be maintained, so that the high-efficiency and stable work of the boosting DCDC of the fuel cell system under the dynamic load-reducing is ensured, and the service life of the fuel cell is prolonged.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a vehicle-mounted fuel cell boosting DCDC control method and a vehicle-mounted fuel cell boosting DCDC control system, which can solve the problem of unstable boosting and decelerating after receiving loading and unloading signals, and can improve the loading and unloading rates while ensuring the stability and ensure the stable control of the fuel cell in the starting and shutting down processes.
According to some embodiments, the present invention employs the following technical solutions:
A vehicle-mounted fuel cell boosting DCDC control method comprises the following steps:
when the whole vehicle is ready at high voltage and has no fault, the FCU sends an enabling signal to the fuel cell;
The fuel cell enters a starting or closing state according to the enabling signal, and then the system is judged to enter a loading or unloading mode;
The DCDC adjusts the current to a target current value according to a set load rate or unload rate.
Further, if the system enters a loading mode, the DCDC receives a starting command of the FCU, and the DCDC rises to a target current value at a set loading rate.
Further, if the system enters the load shedding mode, the DCDC receives a shutdown command of the FCU, and simultaneously the DCDC reduces to a target current value at a set load shedding rate.
Further, the FCU receives a start-up or shut-down signal of the whole vehicle controller, and further controls the DCDC.
Further, when the vehicle controller needs the FCU to generate power, a signal for starting the FCU is sent, and after the FCU has a load pulling condition, the DCDC is controlled to pull the load at a set loading rate.
Further, when the FCU does not need to generate power, the VCU sends a signal for shutting down the FCU, and after the FCU has a load shedding condition, the DCDC is controlled to perform load shedding at a set load shedding rate.
Further, the DCDC is started or shut down according to the condition that the load-up setting target current is larger than the output current of the fuel cell, and the DCDC is started in a loading way; and when the load reduction set target current is smaller than the output current of the fuel cell, the DCDC performs load reduction shutdown.
Further, the loading rate is obtained by an integral-split PID control algorithm.
Further, in the integral separation type PID control algorithm, when the deviation between the output current of the fuel cell and the DCDC load-lifting set target current is smaller than a threshold value, integral control is introduced, and PID control is adopted;
When the deviation between the output current of the fuel cell and the DCDC load-up setting target current is larger than a threshold value, the integral control is canceled, and the PD control is adopted.
Further, the load shedding rate is obtained by an integral separation type PID control algorithm.
A vehicle-mounted fuel cell boost DCDC control system, comprising:
The first judging unit is used for judging that the VCU transmits auxiliary power supply enabling according to low voltage power on the whole vehicle, the auxiliary power supply outputs precharge and is connected to high voltage power of the whole vehicle, and the FCU transmits enabling signals to the fuel cell system;
the second judging unit is used for judging that the system enters a loading or unloading mode according to the starting or closing state of the fuel cell system;
The control unit determines that the system is in a loading mode according to the second judging unit, and DCDC in the control unit receives a starting command sent by the FCU and operates at a set loading rate; according to the second judging unit, determining that the system is in a load shedding mode, the DCDC in the control unit receives a shutdown command sent by the FCU, and meanwhile, the DCDC operates at a set load shedding rate;
And the calculating unit is used for carrying the DCDC current up or down to a preset target current of the fuel cell system.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
The invention takes the frequent start-stop of the fuel cell system into consideration, slows down the impact effect generated by too fast acceleration and deceleration of the DCDC current in the acceleration and deceleration process, and the acceleration and deceleration rate also determines the consumed time in the starting and shutdown processes of the DCDC to a certain extent, thereby being beneficial to maintaining the stability and the high efficiency of the boosting DCDC of the fuel cell system.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of the present embodiment.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and is intended to provide further explanation of the application. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
Example 1.
As shown in fig. 1, a vehicle-mounted fuel cell boosting DCDC control method includes:
when the whole vehicle is ready at high voltage and has no fault, the FCU sends an enabling signal to the fuel cell;
The fuel cell enters a starting or closing state according to the enabling signal, and then the system is judged to enter a loading or unloading mode;
The DCDC adjusts the current to a target current value according to a set load rate or unload rate.
If the system enters a loading mode, the DCDC receives a starting command of the FCU, and the DCDC rises to a target current value at a set loading rate.
If the system enters a load shedding mode, the DCDC receives a shutdown command of the FCU, and simultaneously, the DCDC reduces to a target current value at a set load shedding rate.
The FCU receives a start-up or shutdown signal of the whole vehicle controller, and further controls the DCDC.
When the whole vehicle controller needs FCU power generation, a signal for starting the FCU is sent, and after the FCU has a load pulling condition, the DCDC is controlled to carry out load pulling at a set loading rate.
When the VCU does not need FCU power generation, a signal for shutting down the FCU is sent, and after the FCU has a load shedding condition, the DCDC is controlled to carry out load shedding at a set load shedding rate.
The DCDC is started or shut down according to the condition that when the load-lifting set target current is larger than the output current of the fuel cell, the DCDC is loaded and started; and when the load reduction set target current is smaller than the output current of the fuel cell, the DCDC performs load reduction shutdown.
The loading rate is obtained by an integral separation type PID control algorithm.
In the integral separation type PID control algorithm, when the deviation between the output current of the fuel cell and the DCDC load-lifting set target current is smaller than a threshold value, integral control is introduced, and PID control is adopted;
When the deviation between the output current of the fuel cell and the DCDC load-up setting target current is larger than a threshold value, the integral control is canceled, and the PD control is adopted.
The load shedding rate is obtained by an integral separation type PID control algorithm.
In particular, the method comprises the steps of,
In embodiment 1, with the vehicle-mounted fuel cell boosting DCDC control system, because the frequent start-up and stop of the fuel cell system are considered, the impact caused by too fast current increase and decrease in the load increasing and decreasing process is slowed down, and the load increasing and decreasing rate also determines the time consumed by starting and stopping to a certain extent, which is beneficial to maintaining the stability and the high efficiency of the fuel cell system boosting DCDC.
The implementation steps of the vehicle-mounted fuel cell boosting DCDC control method comprise the following steps:
Judging that the VCU transmits auxiliary power supply enabling after the low voltage power is applied to the whole vehicle, and after the auxiliary power supply outputs pre-charging and is connected to the high voltage power of the whole vehicle, the FCU transmits enabling signals to the fuel cell system;
judging that the system enters a loading or unloading mode according to the starting or closing state of the fuel cell system;
if the system is in a loading mode, the DCDC receives a starting instruction sent by the FCU, receives a preset target current value of the fuel cell system at a set loading rate, and enters a loading working state; if the system is in the load shedding mode, the DCDC receives a shutdown instruction sent by the FCU, receives a preset target current value of the fuel cell system at a set load shedding rate, and enters a load shedding working state.
The DCDC current is up-loaded or down-loaded to a preset target current of the fuel cell system.
In this embodiment 1, the DCDC loading or unloading judgment bases include: when the load-lifting set target current is larger than the output current of the fuel cell system, the DCDC performs load starting; when the load-shedding set target current is smaller than the output current of the fuel cell system, the DCDC performs load-shedding shutdown.
In this embodiment 1, the DCDC current is reduced to 20A to mark the completion of the load reduction, and the DCDC output is disconnected, and the DCDC input voltage is automatically brought into the active discharge mode if it is too high.
In this embodiment 1, when the DCDC is in the loaded state, the FCU increases the air supply amount of the fuel cell system, thereby increasing the current value of the fuel cell, the magnitude of the current value depending on the difference between the load setting target current and the fuel cell output current, and increases the current value at the set load rate until the preset target current is increased.
Periodic calculation: the loading rate is set by adopting the following two integral separation type PID control algorithms, when the deviation between the output current I output of the fuel cell and the target set value I target after DCDC boosting is larger than 40A, the integral control is canceled, the PD control is adopted, and the current difference value at the moment k and the moment k-1 and the integral separation control algorithm are respectively expressed as formulas (1) - (3):
Δu(k)=Itarget(k)-Ioutput(k) (1)
Δu(k-1)=Itarget(k-1)-Ioutput(k-1) (2)
In a sampling period T, according to the current difference between the K moment and the K-1 moment, carrying out on-line feedback adjustment, correction and optimization on two K p、Kd parameter values of the PD, enhancing the stability of the system, and reducing overshoot and oscillation to a greater extent;
When the deviation of the output current I output of the fuel cell and the target set value I target after DCDC boosting is smaller than 40A, integral control is introduced, PID control is adopted, and the current difference between k and k-1 and an integral separation control algorithm are respectively expressed as formulas (4) - (6):
Δu(k)=Itarget(k)-Ioutput(k) (4)
Δu(k-1)=Itarget(k-1)-Ioutput(k-1) (5)
In a sampling period T, three K p、Ki、Kd parameter values of PID are subjected to online feedback adjustment, correction and optimization according to the current difference value between the K moment and the K-1 moment and the current difference value accumulated value at the K moment, so that the control precision of the system is improved.
Preferably, when the DCDC is in the load-reducing state, the FCU reduces the supply amount of the fuel cell system, thereby reducing the current value of the fuel cell, the magnitude of the current value being dependent on the difference between the fuel cell output current and the load-reducing set target current, and reduces the current value at the set load-reducing rate until it is reduced to the preset target current. The load shedding rate is set by adopting a PID control algorithm, and the specific mode is the same as the loading mode, and the details are not repeated here.
Example 2.
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a vehicle-mounted fuel cell boosting DCDC control system, including:
The first judging unit is used for judging that the VCU transmits auxiliary power supply enabling according to low voltage power on the whole vehicle, and the FCU transmits enabling signals to the fuel cell system after the auxiliary power supply outputs pre-charge and is connected to high voltage power of the whole vehicle;
the second judging unit is used for judging that the system enters a loading or unloading mode according to the starting or closing state of the fuel cell system;
the control unit determines that the system is in a loading mode according to the second judging unit, the DCDC in the control unit receives a starting instruction and receives input request current at a set loading rate, and the DCDC enters a loading working state; and according to the second judging unit, determining that the system is in the load shedding mode, receiving a shutdown instruction by the DCDC in the control unit, reducing the DCDC to a target current value at a set load shedding rate, and entering a load shedding working state by the DCDC.
And the calculating unit is used for carrying the DCDC current up or down to a preset target current of the fuel cell system.
Example 3.
The embodiment provides a vehicle-mounted fuel cell boosting DCDC control method, and the implementation of the control method comprises the following steps:
(1) When the load-lifting set target current is larger than the output current of the fuel cell system, the DCDC is loaded; when the load reduction set target current is smaller than the output current of the fuel cell system, the DCDC carries out load reduction;
(2) When the VCU needs FCU to generate power, the VCU sends a starting signal to the FCU; when the VCU does not need FCU to generate power, the VCU sends a signal for shutdown to the FCU;
(3) After the FCU is started, loading conditions are provided, if the system is in a loading mode, the DCDC receives a starting instruction sent by the FCU, enters a loading working state, and receives a preset target current value of the fuel cell system at a set loading rate;
(4) The FCU has load shedding conditions after being shut down, if the system is in a load shedding mode, the DCDC receives a shutdown instruction sent by the FCU, enters a load shedding working state, and receives a preset target current value of the fuel cell system at a set load shedding rate;
(5) When the fuel cell set target current I target is compared with the fuel cell output current I output and the set target current I target is larger than the fuel cell output current I output, the FCU increases the air supply amount of the fuel cell system, and the system current is increased to the preset target current at the set loading rate; when the set target current I target is smaller than the output current I output of the fuel cell, the FCU reduces the air supply quantity of the fuel cell system, and the system current is reduced to the preset target current at the set load reduction rate;
The setting of the loading rate is determined according to the deviation between the output current I output of the fuel cell and the target set value I target after DCDC boosting. If the current difference exceeds the threshold value, PD control is adopted, and on-line feedback adjustment, correction and optimization are carried out on two K p、Kd parameter values of PD according to the current difference between the K moment and the K-1 moment in a sampling period T; if the current difference value does not exceed the threshold value, PID control is adopted, and in a sampling period T, on-line feedback adjustment, correction and optimization are carried out on three K p、Ki、Kd parameter values of the PID according to the current difference value between the K moment and the K-1 moment and the current difference value accumulation value at the K moment;
the setting manner of the load shedding rate is consistent with the loading rate, and will not be described herein.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
While the foregoing description of the embodiments of the present invention has been presented in conjunction with the drawings, it should be understood that it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but rather, it is intended to cover all modifications or variations within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A vehicle-mounted fuel cell boost DCDC control method, characterized by comprising:
when the whole vehicle is ready at high voltage and has no fault, the FCU sends an enabling signal to the fuel cell;
The fuel cell enters a starting or closing state according to the enabling signal, and then the system is judged to enter a loading or unloading mode;
The DCDC regulates the current to a target current value according to the set loading rate or the unloading rate;
The loading rate is obtained through an integral separation type PID control algorithm; the load shedding rate is obtained through an integral separation type PID control algorithm;
in the integral separation type PID control algorithm, when the deviation between the output current of the fuel cell and the DCDC load-lifting set target current is smaller than a threshold value, integral control is introduced, and PID control is adopted; when the deviation between the output current of the fuel cell and the DCDC load-increasing set target current is larger than a threshold value, canceling integral control and adopting PD control;
wherein, the loading rate is set by adopting the following two integral separation type PID control algorithms, when the fuel cell outputs current With the target set value/>, after DCDC boostingWhen the deviation is greater than 40A, the integral control is canceled, PD control is adopted, and the current difference between the k and k-1 moments and the integral separation control algorithm are respectively expressed as formulas (1) - (3):
(1)
(2)
(3)
in a sampling period T, according to Time of day and/>The current difference value at moment carries out on-line feedback adjustment, correction and optimization on two K p、Kd parameter values of PD, so that the stability of the system is enhanced, and the overshoot and the oscillation to a greater extent are reduced;
when the fuel cell outputs current With the target set value/>, after DCDC boostingWhen the deviation is smaller than 40A, integral control is introduced, PID control is adopted, and the current difference between the k and k-1 moments and an integral separation control algorithm are respectively expressed as formulas (4) - (6):
(4)
(5)
(6)
in a sampling period T, according to Time of day and/>The current difference value at the moment and the current difference value accumulated value at the moment K carry out on-line feedback adjustment, correction and optimization on three K p、Ki、Kd parameter values of PID, so that the control precision of the system is improved;
the load shedding rate is set by adopting a PID control algorithm, and the specific mode is the same as the loading mode.
2. The method for controlling a boost DCDC of a vehicle fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein when the system enters a load mode, the DCDC receives a start command of the FCU while the DCDC is increased to a target current value at a set load rate.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the DCDC receives a shutdown command from the FCU when the system enters the load shedding mode, and the DCDC decreases to the target current value at the set load shedding rate.
4. A vehicle-mounted fuel cell boost DCDC control method as defined in claim 3, wherein the FCU receives a start-up or shut-down signal of the vehicle controller, and further controls DCDC.
5. The method for controlling boosting DCDC of a vehicle-mounted fuel cell according to claim 4, wherein the vehicle controller transmits a signal for starting the FCU when the vehicle controller needs the FCU to generate power, and the DCDC is controlled to pull the load at a set loading rate after the FCU has a pull load condition.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the signal for shutting down the FCU is sent when the VCU does not need the FCU to generate power, and the DCDC is controlled to perform load shedding at the set load shedding rate after the FCU has the load shedding condition.
7. The method for controlling boosting DCDC of a vehicle-mounted fuel cell according to claim 6, wherein the DCDC is started or shut down according to the fact that the DCDC is started under loading when the load-up setting target current is larger than the output current of the fuel cell; and when the load reduction set target current is smaller than the output current of the fuel cell, the DCDC performs load reduction shutdown.
8. An on-board fuel cell boost DCDC control system for implementing the method of any of claims 1-7, comprising:
The first judging unit is used for judging that the VCU transmits auxiliary power supply enabling according to low voltage power on the whole vehicle, and the FCU transmits enabling signals to the fuel cell system after the auxiliary power supply outputs pre-charge and is connected to high voltage power of the whole vehicle;
the second judging unit is used for judging that the system enters a loading or unloading mode according to the starting or closing state of the fuel cell system;
The control unit determines that the system is in a loading mode according to the second judging unit, and DCDC in the control unit receives a starting command sent by the FCU and operates at a set loading rate; according to the second judging unit, determining that the system is in a load shedding mode, the DCDC in the control unit receives a shutdown command sent by the FCU, and meanwhile, the DCDC operates at a set load shedding rate;
a calculating unit for carrying up or down the DCDC current to a preset target current of the fuel cell system;
The loading rate is obtained through an integral separation type PID control algorithm; the load shedding rate is obtained through an integral separation type PID control algorithm;
In the integral separation type PID control algorithm, when the deviation between the output current of the fuel cell and the DCDC load-lifting set target current is smaller than a threshold value, integral control is introduced, and PID control is adopted; when the deviation between the output current of the fuel cell and the DCDC load-up setting target current is larger than a threshold value, the integral control is canceled, and the PD control is adopted.
CN202111327141.0A 2021-11-10 Vehicle-mounted fuel cell boosting DCDC control method and system Active CN114094145B (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003304606A (en) * 2002-04-08 2003-10-24 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Controller for vehicle equipped with fuel cell
CN111244508A (en) * 2020-01-16 2020-06-05 深圳市南科动力科技有限公司 High-response fuel cell system control method
CN113161584A (en) * 2021-04-21 2021-07-23 中通客车股份有限公司 Starting control method and system for whole vehicle fuel cell system and passenger car

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003304606A (en) * 2002-04-08 2003-10-24 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Controller for vehicle equipped with fuel cell
CN111244508A (en) * 2020-01-16 2020-06-05 深圳市南科动力科技有限公司 High-response fuel cell system control method
CN113161584A (en) * 2021-04-21 2021-07-23 中通客车股份有限公司 Starting control method and system for whole vehicle fuel cell system and passenger car

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