CN103843182A - Device for controlling fuel cell system - Google Patents

Device for controlling fuel cell system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103843182A
CN103843182A CN201280048618.4A CN201280048618A CN103843182A CN 103843182 A CN103843182 A CN 103843182A CN 201280048618 A CN201280048618 A CN 201280048618A CN 103843182 A CN103843182 A CN 103843182A
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China
Prior art keywords
fuel cell
oxidant
flow rate
compressor
sound
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Granted
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CN201280048618.4A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN103843182B (en
Inventor
熊田光德
浅井祥朋
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Nissan Motor Co Ltd
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Nissan Motor Co Ltd
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Publication of CN103843182B publication Critical patent/CN103843182B/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
    • B60L1/003—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles to auxiliary motors, e.g. for pumps, compressors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0038—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to sensors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/52—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells characterised by DC-motors
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    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
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    • B60L58/31—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for starting of fuel cells
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/30—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells
    • B60L58/32—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for controlling the temperature of fuel cells, e.g. by controlling the electric load
    • B60L58/33—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for controlling the temperature of fuel cells, e.g. by controlling the electric load by cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/40—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for controlling a combination of batteries and fuel cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
    • H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/10—Vehicle control parameters
    • B60L2240/36—Temperature of vehicle components or parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
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    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/42—Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
    • B60L2240/421—Speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
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    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/42—Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
    • B60L2240/423—Torque
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/549—Current
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
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    • B60L2250/26—Driver interactions by pedal actuation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
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    • H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
    • H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

A fuel cell system for supplying power to an external load using a storage cell and a fuel cell, the fuel cell system being provided with: an oxidation agent supplying machine for supplying an oxidizing agent to the fuel cell; an oxidizing agent channel provided in continuation from the fuel cell, the oxidizing agent supplied from the oxidizing agent supplying machine being channeled through the oxidizing agent channel; a bypass channel branching from the oxidizing agent channel further upstream from the fuel cell, a part of the oxidizing agent supplied by the oxidizing agent supplying machine being channeled through the bypass channel so as to bypass the fuel cell; a bypass valve provided to the bypass channel, the bypass valve adjusting the flow amount of the oxidizing agent being channeled through the bypass channel; an oxidizing agent flow amount controller for supplying the oxidizing agent using the oxidizing agent supplying machine at a flow amount corresponding to the required amount of power generated by the fuel cell; and a sound vibration mode oxidizing agent flow amount controller for supplying a set flow amount of the oxidizing agent using the oxidizing agent supplying machine. The fuel cell system includes a bypass valve controller for controlling the bypass valve according to the demand of the fuel cell while the oxidizing agent supplying machine is controlled by the sound vibration mode oxidizing agent flow amount controller.

Description

The control device of fuel cell system
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of for controlling the device of fuel cell system.
Background technology
In fuel cell system, must, corresponding to the energy output air supply of fuel cell, require to wait easily variation because the SOC of battery controls but generate electricity, easily send periodic variation sound from supplying air to the compressor of fuel cell pack.Above-mentioned variation sound, particularly medium easily by occupant's perception at the low vehicle stop of background noise.Occupant can feel above-mentioned variation sound ear-piercing and produce sense of discomfort.
To this, in JP2006-179331A, the irregular noise that utilizes cooler fan etc. to send hides, and makes occupant be difficult to perception.
The document being associated as other, has JP3895263B.
Summary of the invention
But said method does not have cannot implement under driven state at cooler fan.On the other hand, can make compressor flowrate constant, but corresponding thereto, the unwanted air of generating of meeting feed fuels battery pile, for example, likely produce the problem that becomes super-dry.
Therefore, the present invention is conceived to the problems referred to above point and proposes.The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of control device of fuel cell system, it makes occupant be difficult to the action sound of perception compressor.
The control device of the fuel cell system of a mode of the present invention is supplied with electric power by storage battery and fuel cell to external loading.And this fuel cell system has: oxidant supplying machine, it supplies with oxidant to described fuel cell; Oxidant path, it is connected setting with described fuel cell, and flows through the oxidant of supplying with from described oxidant supplying machine; Bypass path, it makes a part for the oxidant of being supplied with by described oxidant supplying machine flow in the mode of walking around fuel cell from the oxidant forehearth limb of more close upstream compared with described fuel cell; By-pass valve, it is arranged in described bypass path, and the oxidizer flow rate that flows through bypass path is adjusted; Oxidizer flow rate control part, its by described oxidant supplying machine supply with described fuel cell require the corresponding oxidizer flow rate of energy output; And the sound pattern oxidizer flow rate control part that shakes, it supplies with the oxidizer flow rate of constant basis by described oxidant supplying machine.And the control device of this fuel cell system comprises by-pass valve control part, it,, in the time that described sound shakes described in the control of pattern oxidizer flow rate control part oxidant supplying machine, controls described by-pass valve corresponding to the requirement of described fuel cell.
Below, with reference to accompanying drawing, embodiments of the present invention, advantage of the present invention are elaborated.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the figure that represents the fundamental system of the control device that uses fuel cell system involved in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the correlation figure of the charge rate SOC of battery and the generation power of fuel cell pack.
Fig. 3 is the figure of the solution problem of explanation execution mode.
Fig. 4 is the performed control flow chart of controller of the control device of fuel cell system involved in the present invention.
Fig. 5 will carry out the function of computing with the figure of block representation to the air capacity that is supplied to fuel cell pack.
Fig. 6 is the figure that represents the subprogram of judging operation mode.
Fig. 7 is the figure that represents the subprogram of normal mode running.
Fig. 8 is the figure that the function of the discharged air amount in normal mode running being carried out to computing is represented with block diagram.
Fig. 9 represents the shake figure of subprogram of mode operation of sound.
The discharged air amount of sound being shaken in mode operation is carried out the figure that the function of computing represents with block diagram by Figure 10.
Figure 11 is the figure of the action during the normal mode of explanation the 1st execution mode turns round.
Figure 12 is the shake figure of the action in mode operation of the sound of explanation the 1st execution mode.
Figure 13 is the shake sequential chart of the action in mode operation of the sound of explanation the 1st execution mode.
Figure 14 is the figure that represents the operation mode judgement subprogram of the 2nd execution mode of fuel cell system involved in the present invention.
Figure 15 is the shake figure of mode operation subprogram of the sound that represents the 3rd execution mode of fuel cell system involved in the present invention.
Figure 16 is the figure that the method for operation of the compressor 21 in normal mode running is described.
Figure 17 shakes in mode operation at sound, the figure that the problem points in the situation of control cathode pressure regulating valve is not described.
Figure 18 shakes in mode operation at sound, the figure that the action effect of the 3rd execution mode is described.
Figure 19 is the figure that represents the operation mode judgement subprogram of the 4th execution mode of fuel cell system involved in the present invention.
Figure 20 is the figure that represents the operation mode judgement subprogram of the 5th execution mode of fuel cell system involved in the present invention.
Figure 21 is the shake figure of pattern subprogram of the sound that represents the 6th execution mode of fuel cell system involved in the present invention.
Figure 22 is the figure that the function of computing generation power more than needed is represented with block diagram.
The recruitment of the air that compressor is supplied with is carried out the figure that the function of computing represents with block diagram by Figure 23.
Figure 24 is the figure of the action effect of explanation the 6th execution mode.
Embodiment
(the 1st execution mode)
Fig. 1 is the figure that represents the fundamental system of the control device that uses fuel cell system involved in the present invention.
First,, with reference to Fig. 1, the fundamental system of the control device that uses fuel cell system involved in the present invention is described.
As fuel cell pack 10, dielectric film is maintained to appropriate moisture state on one side, on one side supply response gas (oxygen O 2, hydrogen H 2) and generate electricity.In order to realize said process, fuel cell pack 10 is connected with negative electrode stream 20, anode stream 30, cooling water circulation stream 40.In addition, the generation current of fuel cell pack 10 detects by current sensor 101.The generating voltage of fuel cell pack 10 detects by voltage sensor 102.
Comprise the oxygen O that is supplied to fuel cell pack 10 2in negative electrode stream 20, flow as cathode gas at interior air.Compressor 21, WRD(Water Recovery Device are set in negative electrode stream 20) 22, negative electrode pressure regulating valve 23.In addition, on negative electrode stream 20, be arranged in parallel drain flow path 200.Drain flow path 200 is from negative electrode stream 20 branches of compressor 21 downstreams and WRD22 upstream, and collaborates with the negative electrode stream 20 in negative electrode pressure regulating valve 23 downstreams.Owing to forming said structure, therefore, a part for the air of blowing by compressor 21 flows to drain flow path 200 and walks around fuel cell pack 10.Drain valve 210 is set in drain flow path 200.In addition, drain flow path 200 is equivalent to the bypass path of claim.Drain valve 210 is equivalent to the by-pass valve of claim.
Compressor 21 is for example centrifugal turbo-compressor in the present embodiment.Compressor 21 is configured in the negative electrode stream 20 of fuel cell pack 10 or WRD22 upstream.Compressor 21 drives by motor M.Compressor 21 is adjusted the flow of the cathode gas that flows through negative electrode stream 20.The flow of cathode gas is adjusted by the rotating speed of compressor 21.
WRD22 will be directed into the air wetting of fuel cell pack 10.WRD22 comprises: by humidifying part, it makes to become the gas flow mistake of humidification object; And humidifying part, it makes to become the moisture gas flow mistake in humidification source.In by humidifying part, flow through the air being imported by compressor 21.The gas that flows through circulation in fuel cell pack 10 and contain water in humidifying part.
Negative electrode pressure regulating valve 23 is arranged in the negative electrode stream 20 in fuel cell pack 10 downstreams.Negative electrode pressure regulating valve 23 is adjusted the pressure of the cathode gas that flows through negative electrode stream 20.The pressure of cathode gas is adjusted by the aperture of negative electrode pressure regulating valve 23.
The pressure P 1 that flows through the cathode gas of the negative electrode stream 20 of compressor 21 upstreams is detected by cathode pressure transducer 201.This cathode pressure transducer 201 is arranged on compressor 21 upstreams.
The flow Q that flows through the cathode gas of negative electrode stream 20 is detected by negative electrode flow sensor 202.This negative electrode flow sensor 202 is arranged on compressor 21 downstreams and WRD22 upstream.
The pressure that flows through the cathode gas of negative electrode stream 20 is detected by cathode pressure transducer 203.This cathode pressure transducer 203 is also arranged on compressor 21 downstreams and WRD22 upstream.And in Fig. 1, cathode pressure transducer 203 is positioned at the downstream position of negative electrode flow sensor 202.
Drain valve 210 is arranged in drain flow path 200.Drain valve 210 is adjusted the flow of the cathode gas that flows through drain flow path 200.The flow of cathode gas is adjusted by the aperture of drain valve 210.
Be supplied to the hydrogen H of fuel cell pack 10 2flow in anode stream 30 as anodic gas.Gas bomb 31, anode pressure regulating valve 32, vent valve 33 are set in anode stream 30.
In gas bomb 31, there is hydrogen H with high pressure conditions storage 2.Gas bomb 31 is arranged on the upstream of anode stream 30.
Anode pressure regulating valve 32 is arranged on the downstream of gas bomb 31.Anode pressure regulating valve 32 is adjusted the pressure that is newly supplied to the anodic gas of anode stream 30 from gas bomb 31.The pressure of anodic gas is adjusted by the aperture of anode pressure regulating valve 32.
Vent valve 34 is arranged on the downstream of fuel cell pack 10.If open vent valve 34, anodic gas is discharged from.
The pressure that flows through the anodic gas of anode stream 30 is detected by anode pressure sensor 301.This anode pressure sensor 301 is arranged on anode pressure regulating valve 32 downstreams and fuel cell pack 10 upstreams.
In cooling water circulation stream 40, flow through the cooling water that is supplied to fuel cell pack 10.Cooler 41, three-position valve 42, water pump 43 are set in cooling water circulation stream 40.In addition, on cooling water circulation stream 40, be arranged in parallel bypass flow path 400.Bypass flow path 400 is from cooling water circulation stream 40 branches of cooler 41 upstreams, and collaborates with the cooling water circulation stream 40 in cooler 41 downstreams.Therefore the cooling water that, flows through bypass flow path 400 is walked around cooler 41.
Cooler 41 carries out cooling to cooling water.In cooler 41, be provided with cooling fan 410.
Three-position valve 42 is positioned at the part place, interflow of bypass flow path 400 and cooling water circulation stream 40.Three-position valve 42 is corresponding to aperture, and the flow of the cooling water of the stream of convection current subcooler side and the flow that flows through the cooling water of bypass flow path are adjusted.Thus, the temperature of cooling water is adjusted.
Water pump 43 is positioned at the downstream of three-position valve 42.The cooling water that flows through three-position valve 42 is delivered to fuel cell pack 10 by water pump 43.
The temperature that flows through the cooling water of cooling water circulation stream 40 is detected by cooling-water temperature sensor 401.This cooling-water temperature sensor 401 is arranged on the upstream end of bypass flow path 400 components.
The signal of controller input current transducer 101, voltage sensor 102, cathode pressure transducer 201, negative electrode flow sensor 202, cathode pressure transducer 203, anode pressure sensor 301, cooling-water temperature sensor 401.And output signal, controls the action of compressor 21, negative electrode pressure regulating valve 23, drain valve 210, anode pressure regulating valve 32, vent valve 34, three-position valve 42, water pump 43.
By said structure, fuel cell pack 10 maintains suitable temperature, and, dielectric film is maintained to appropriate moisture state on one side, supply with required reacting gas (the oxygen O of generating on one side 2, hydrogen H 2) to guarantee that reacting gas can be sufficient, can stably generate electricity.The electric power generating electricity by fuel cell pack 10 is supplied to the motor 12 that travels, battery 13, load 14 via DC/DC converter 11.
Fig. 2 is the correlation figure of the charge rate SOC of battery and the generation power of fuel cell pack.
Inventor is developing following system, and it uses the generation power of fuel cell pack 10 and/or the electric power of battery 13, drives travel motor 12 and load 14.In order not shorten the life-span of battery 13, be preferably setting by battery charge rate SOC management.But under over-running state, because power consumption is large, therefore, battery charge rate SOC easily changes.In addition, even under steady running state, the variation of generation power and the variation of auxiliary body's load of fuel cell heap, battery charge rate SOC is easily variation also.In addition, battery charge rate SOC calculates by the accumulative total of current sensor value originally, but suitably resets in order to remove error.Thus, error is removed, and battery charge rate SOC likely changes.Suppress the variation of above-mentioned battery charge rate SOC, and by battery charge rate SOC management for setting be important.
Therefore, as shown in Figure 2, in the time that battery charge rate SOC is greater than management value, reduce the generation power of fuel cell pack 10.Thus, battery 13 discharges.Its result, battery charge rate SOC approaches management value.In the time that battery charge rate SOC is less than management value, increase the generation power of fuel cell pack 10.Thus, battery 13 charges.Its result, battery charge rate SOC approaches management value.
Fig. 3 is the figure of the solution problem of explanation present embodiment.
As mentioned above, adjusting the generation power of fuel cell pack 10 by being greater than or less than setting (management value) according to battery charge rate SOC, is setting (management value) by battery charge rate SOC management.
But, in the time adjusting the generation power of fuel cell pack 10, current, as shown in Figure 3, adopt the flow suppressing from compressor supply, make the mode of the flow variation of the air that flows through negative electrode stream 20.Now, the rotating speed of compressor 21 variation.
Medium in parking, the sound variation of compressor 21, occupant can feel ear-piercing and produce sense of discomfort.
Therefore, in the present embodiment, when the rotating speed that makes compressor 21 does not change, adjust the generation power of fuel cell pack 10.
Below, concrete method is described.
Fig. 4 is the performed control flow chart of controller of the control device of fuel cell system involved in the present invention.In addition, controller for example, repeats this flow process every the small time (10 milliseconds).
In step S1, controller computing is supplied to the air capacity of fuel cell pack 10.Particular content is narrated in the back.
In step S2, controller is judged operation mode.Particular content is narrated in the back.
In step S3, controller judges that whether operation mode is the sound pattern of shaking.If not the sound pattern of shaking, controller proceeds to step S4 and processes, and the pattern if sound shakes, proceeds to step S5 and process.
In step S4, controller is carried out normal mode.Particular content is narrated in the back.
In step S5, the controller execution sound pattern of shaking.Particular content is narrated in the back.
Fig. 5 is the figure that the function of the air capacity that is supplied to fuel cell pack being carried out to computing is represented with block diagram.
In addition, in the each module shown in following block diagram, be that each function of controller is illustrated as dummy unit, do not represent that each module is that physics exists.
Module B101 is based on gear shift gear, accelerator pedal operation amount and the speed of a motor vehicle, the computing electric power that travels.Specifically, from pre-prepd multiple corresponding diagram, select the corresponding diagram corresponding with current gear shift gear.And application acceleration device behaviour pedal is measured and the speed of a motor vehicle in this corresponding diagram, the electric power that travels (=motor is the required electric power that requires that meets driver) of required torque when computing is travelled for motor is exported.
Module B102 is to carrying out computing for the generation power that is management value by battery charge rate SOC management.
Module B103 is added the generation power of travelling electric power and being calculated by module B102 being calculated by module B101, obtains the target generation power that fuel cell should generate electricity.In addition, the generation power of so-called battery, in the time that battery charges, be set as on the occasion of, be set as negative value in when electric discharge.In the time that needs battery charges, because the generation power of utilizing fuel cell pack is charged, therefore, fuel cell must be considered to increase generation power to the charge volume of battery.On the other hand, in the time that needs battery discharges, due to a part for the electric power of supplying with to motor being provided by battery, therefore, reduce the generation power of fuel cell.
The target generation power of module B104 based on being calculated by module B103, computing is supplied to the air capacity of fuel cell pack 10.
As mentioned above, the processing in the step S1 of flowchart.
Fig. 6 is the figure that represents the subprogram of judging operation mode.
In step S21, controller judges whether the sound pressure level of compressor 21 is greater than the sound pressure level of background noise.In addition, if sound pressure level for example microphone is installed and is detected.In addition, if in vehicle stop for example and fuel cell be the judgement of carrying out this step under idling mode (electric power of supplying with to motor is 0, the state that only carries out electric power supply to auxiliary body and battery).If result of determination is no, controller proceeds to step S22 and processes, if result of determination is yes, proceeds to step S23 and processes.
In step S22, controller is judged to be normal mode.
In step S23, controller is judged to be the sound pattern of shaking.
Fig. 7 is the figure that represents the subprogram of normal mode running.
In step S41, the air capacity that controller computing is corresponding with the generation power requiring to fuel cell.On the other hand, answer the flow of minimum current limliting to compare this air capacity and compressor 21.As this flow, can enumerate the flow (for example,, in the time that compressor flowrate is low discharge, if the pressure height of battery pile can produce surge, therefore, setting the flow that can not produce the minimum of surge) of the surge for avoiding compressor 21.And, answer the flow of minimum current limliting to compare the air mass flow corresponding with generation power and compressor, if the air mass flow corresponding with generation power is large, compressor 21 is supplied with the air mass flow corresponding with generation power.On the other hand, flow that should minimum current limliting at compressor 21 is large, compressor 21 is supplied with these flows.
In step S42, controller computing mobile air capacity in drain flow path 200.Supply with the flow corresponding with the generation power of fuel cell at compressor 21, the flow of discharge is 0.But in the time that compressor 21 is supplied with the flow of answering minimum current limliting, the flow that is greater than the required flow of fuel cell will be supplied to fuel cell.From the angle of fuel cell pack, owing to having supplied with unwanted flow, therefore, for example generation causes the problems such as the moisture state desiccation of fuel cell.In addition,, because energy output is determined by the load of external loading, therefore, produce unwanted air and can not make electric power produce fluctuation.Therefore,, in order to prevent that unwanted air supply is to fuel cell, drain valve is left to valve only the required air capacity of generating is supplied to fuel cell pack.In this step, the flow of drain valve is now flow through in computing.Particular content is narrated in the back.
In step S43, controller is adjusted the aperture of drain valve 210, to make the flowing through air capacity calculating in step S42 in drain flow path 200.
Fig. 8 is the figure that the function of the discharged air amount in normal mode running being carried out to computing is represented with block diagram.
Module B421 limit flow from compressor 21 deducts the air capacity that is supplied to fuel cell pack 10.If the supply flow rate of compressor 21 is too small, may produce surge.The lower limit flow of so-called compressor 21, refers to the minimum flow that above-mentioned situation can not occur.If be supplied to the air capacity of fuel cell pack 10 more than the lower limit flow of compressor 21, module B421 output negative value.If be supplied to that the air capacity of fuel cell pack 10 reduces lower than the lower limit flow of compressor 21, module B421 output on the occasion of.
Module B422 in the case of the Output rusults of module B421 be on the occasion of directly output, for negative value in the situation that, export zero.In addition, the situation of negative value refers under the situation of the air required in the generating of compressor 21 feed fuels battery pile, and drain valve 210 is as long as cut out the situation getting final product completely.That is, as drain valve, the value that must computing does not make air flow through, because this value is zero, therefore the situation of negative value is set to zero.On the other hand, on the occasion of situation refer to that compressor 21 flows through the situation of the flow required more than fuel cell pack.Now, drain valve 210 by make on the occasion of flow directly flow to drain flow path 200, thereby by generating required flow be supplied to fuel cell pack.
Below, module B423, B424, B425 are described.
In above-mentioned, the computing that the minimum flow of the surge for avoiding compressor 21 self is set as to the emission flow in the situation of flow of compressor 21 is described.Below, the computing that subtend compressor 21 is set the emission flow in the situation that is used for the flow that the Exhaust Gas of fuel cell is diluted describes.
First, dilution is described.
The nitrogen of cathode side can see through to the anode-side of fuel cell pack via the amberplex as power generation region.Must to maintain the hydrogen of high concentration in order stably generating electricity in anode-side, therefore, termly or to detect nitrogen gas concn, nitrogen is discharged together with hydrogen.Thus, the density of hydrogen in anode must be maintained to high concentration.
On the other hand, if discharged, hydrogen outside to fuel cell pack together with nitrogen can be discharged, for this density of hydrogen is suppressed for being less than or equal to normal concentration, in the present embodiment, the tail gas of hydrogen is mixed and diluted with the tail gas of oxygen.
Conventionally, in the situation that generation power is large, by the required air mass flow of the generating of feed fuels battery pile, and supply with the required flow of dilution, therefore, compressor 21 is supplied with the air capacity corresponding with generation power.
But, in the situation that generation power is little, with respect to the hydrogen of discharging from fuel cell pack, sometimes only depend on generating required air mass flow and cannot become the density of hydrogen that is less than or equal to expectation.Therefore, compressor 21 is supplied with the required flow of dilution.
In the time flowing through the required flow of dilution, the flow required with respect to the generating of fuel cell pack, makes unwanted flux and flow direction drain flow path 200 these points same as described above by drain valve 210.
First, module B423 deducts from being supplied to the air capacity of fuel cell pack 10 flow being consumed by generating.Thus, output is not consumed and the air capacity of discharge by generating in fuel cell pack 10.
Module B424 requires air capacity from dilution, deducts the air capacity not consumed by generating in fuel cell pack 10 and discharge.If vent valve 34 is opened, anodic gas H 2discharge.In order to dilute this anodic gas H 2required air capacity is that dilution requires air capacity.The air capacity of discharging if do not consumed by generating in fuel cell pack 10 requires air capacity more than dilution, module B424 output negative value.The air capacity of discharging if do not consumed by generating in fuel cell pack 10 is less than dilution and requires air capacity, module B424 output on the occasion of.
Module B425 in the case of the Output rusults of module B424 be on the occasion of directly output, for negative value in the situation that, export zero.
Module B426 compares the output of the output of module B422 and module B425, exports large person as discharged air amount.
In the present embodiment, the quantity delivered of compressor 21 changes corresponding to the generating of fuel cell.Particularly, in the time of the idle running of fuel cell, if controlled by SOC, the generation power that fuel cell requires changes, and the rotating speed of compressor 21 changes corresponding to this variation, therefore, under the little situation of background noise, likely brings sense of discomfort to driver.In addition,, even flow through the minimum flow of self and when dilution flow rate at compressor 21, according to SOC requirement, cause, in situation that the air stream quantitative change that requires based on the generating of fuel cell is large, similarly likely causing the rotating speed change of compressor 21.
Therefore, in following, at background noise hour, for preventing that the control logic that the rotating speed of compressor 21 changes corresponding to the requirement of SOC from describing.
Fig. 9 represents the shake figure of subprogram of mode operation of sound.
In step S51, controller is from the compressor 21 supply sound pattern air capacity (steady state value) of shaking.This value is shaken in pattern at sound, preferably requires with based on generating and larger value compared with the maximum air capacity set.If be set as above-mentioned value, can fully prevent the rotating speed change of the compressor 21 causing based on SOC requirement.
In addition, shake in pattern at sound, because compressor 21 is supplied with the many flows of flow that require than the generating based on fuel cell pack, therefore, for the generating of fuel cell pack, unwanted air flows to drain flow path 200 by drain valve 210.
First,, in step S52, controller computing flows to the air capacity of drain flow path 200.Particular content is narrated in the back.
In step S53, controller is adjusted the aperture of drain valve 210, to make the flowing through air capacity calculating in step S52 in drain flow path 200.
The discharged air amount of sound being shaken in mode operation is carried out the figure that the function of computing represents with block diagram by Figure 10.
Module B521 limit flow from compressor 21 deducts the air capacity that is supplied to fuel cell pack 10.In addition, module B521 is substantially identical with module B421.
Module B522 in the case of the Output rusults of module B521 be on the occasion of directly output, for negative value in the situation that, export zero.In addition, module B522 is substantially identical with module B422.
Module B523 deducts from being supplied to the air capacity of fuel cell pack 10 flow being consumed by generating.In addition, module B523 is substantially identical with module B423.
Module B524 requires air capacity to deduct the air capacity not consumed by generating and discharge fuel cell pack 10 from dilution.In addition, module B524 is substantially identical with module B424.
Module B525 in the case of the Output rusults of module B524 be on the occasion of directly output, for negative value in the situation that, export zero.In addition, module B525 is substantially identical with module B425.
Module B526 deducts from the sound pattern air capacity of shaking the corresponding air capacity of generation power requiring with fuel cell pack 10.Under compressor 21 supply sound shake the situation of air capacity of pattern, wish only to supply with the required air of generating to fuel cell pack.The air capacity that subtend drain flow path 200 is supplied with for realizing above-mentioned purpose is as mentioned above carried out computing.In addition, shake in mode operation at sound, because sound shakes pattern air capacity more than the air capacity that is supplied to fuel cell pack 10, therefore, module B526 output on the occasion of.
Conventionally, due to the Output rusults of module B526 be on the occasion of, therefore, module B527 directly exports.But owing to occurring that some is abnormal in the computing of hypothesis because of computer, the flow that causes requiring based on generating is greater than the shake situation of pattern air capacity of sound, therefore, module B526 tackles this.If from module B526 output negative value, module B527 exports zero processing.
Module B528 compares the output of the output of the output of module B522, module B525, module B527, exports the maximum as discharged air amount.
Figure 11 is the figure of the action during the normal mode of explanation the 1st execution mode turns round.
In normal mode running, supply with and the generating of fuel cell is required to corresponding air capacity from compressor.But, if supply flow rate is too small, may produce surge.Therefore, even when in the time reducing as the generating of Figure 11, supply flow rate is few, also to supply with the air of the lower limit flow value of compressor 21, and make to exceed to the generate electricity remaining air flow drain flow path of required flow (FC battery pile air supply amount) of the target generation power of fuel cell pack.
In the time that generating increases, more air capacity while minimizing than generating from compressor supply.
As mentioned above, in normal mode running, the flow of compressor 21 changes corresponding to operating condition.
Figure 12 is the shake figure of the action in mode operation of the sound of explanation the 1st execution mode.
Shake in mode operation at sound, from the compressor 21 supply sound pattern air capacity of shaking.This sound shake pattern air capacity no matter in the time that generating reduces, or generating is while increasing, is steady state value.
And, make to exceed to the generate electricity remaining air flow drain flow path of required flow (FC battery pile air supply amount) of the target generation power of fuel cell pack.The air capacity that, is supplied to fuel cell pack is adjusted by the number of discharged air amount.
Figure 13 is the shake sequential chart of the action in mode operation of the sound of explanation the 1st execution mode.
As noted above, in fuel cell pack, by according to battery charge rate SOC than the large or little generation power of adjusting fuel cell pack 10 of setting (management value), thereby be setting (management value) by battery charge rate SOC management.
And, in the present embodiment, the sound of supplying with constant basis from the compressor 21 pattern air capacity of shaking., the rotating speed of compressor 21 is maintained constant.And, by adjusting discharged air amount, the air capacity that is supplied to fuel cell pack is adjusted.
In the time adjusting the generation power of fuel cell pack 10, the rotating speed variation of compressor 21, occupant feels ear-piercing and produces sense of discomfort.
To this, in the present embodiment, constant due to the rotating speed of compressor 21 is maintained, therefore, the action sound of compressor 21 can not change, and can not make occupant not feel well.
In addition, in the present embodiment, only in the time that the sound pressure level of compressor 21 is greater than the sound pressure level of background noise, carry out the sound mode operation that shakes, the rotating speed of compressor 21 is maintained to higher constant speed.
If the sound pressure level of compressor 21 is less than the sound pressure level of background noise, even if the sound of compressor 21 variation is also imperceptible.But, if the sound pressure level of compressor 21 is greater than the sound pressure level of background noise, can feel that the sound of compressor 21 changes.
If the rotating speed of compressor 21 is maintained to higher constant speed, corresponding with it, unnecessarily power consumption.
Therefore, in the present embodiment, by the shake working order of pattern of restriction sound, can avoid as much as possible unnecessary power consumption.
(the 2nd execution mode)
Figure 14 is the figure that represents the operation mode judgement subprogram of the 2nd execution mode of fuel cell system involved in the present invention.
In addition, below, the part of realization and above-mentioned identical function is marked to identical label, suitably omit repeat specification.
In the 1st execution mode, by the sound pressure level for example being detected by microphone, directly judge that whether the sound pressure level of compressor 21 is larger or little than the sound pressure level of background noise.But, in said method, must use microphone, can make cost increase.Whether the sound pressure level of, based on operating condition, inferring in the present embodiment, (indirectly judging) compressor 21 is larger or little than the sound pressure level of background noise.As described below particularly.
In step S211, controller judges that vehicle is whether in stopping.Controller proceeds to step S212 in result of determination be no in the situation that and processes, and proceeds to step S23 for be in the situation that process in result of determination.
In step S212, controller judges whether gear shift gear is P gear or N gear.Controller proceeds to step S213 in result of determination be no in the situation that and processes, and proceeds to step S23 for be in the situation that process in result of determination.
In step S213, controller judges that vehicle is whether in low speed driving.In addition, so-called low speed driving, compared with referring to and being less than the speed in the situation of sound pressure level of compressor 21 with the sound pressure level of background noise, travels with lower speed.Threshold value in low speed driving waits and sets by experiment in advance.Controller proceeds to step S214 in result of determination be no in the situation that and processes, and proceeds to step S23 for be in the situation that process in result of determination.
In step S214, controller determines whether in silent mode.In addition, silent mode switching manipulation by driver etc. is set.Controller proceeds to step S215 in result of determination be no in the situation that and processes, and proceeds to step S23 for be in the situation that process in result of determination.
In step S215, controller judges that whether fuel cell pack 10 is in low generating state.In addition, so-called low generating state, refers to the state of energy output lower compared with being less than the energy output in the situation of sound pressure level of compressor 21 with the sound pressure level of background noise.Threshold value in low generating state waits and sets by experiment in advance.Controller proceeds to step S22 in result of determination be no in the situation that and processes, and proceeds to step S23 for be in the situation that process in result of determination.
In step S22, controller is judged to be normal mode.
In step S23, controller is judged to be the sound pattern of shaking.
According to present embodiment, in the time being less than the working order of sound pressure level of compressor 21 in the sound pressure level of background noise, the sound pressure level of inferring out background noise is less than the sound pressure level of compressor 21.Thus, even if do not use microphone, also can infer out (indirectly judging) sound pressure level of compressor 21 and whether be greater than the sound pressure level of background noise.Therefore, cost can be suppressed for low price.
(the 3rd execution mode)
Figure 15 is the shake figure of mode operation subprogram of the sound that represents the 3rd execution mode of fuel cell system involved in the present invention.
Step S51 to S53 is due to identical with the 1st execution mode, and therefore, description thereof is omitted.
In step S54, controller judges that compressor 21 possibilities produce surge.The air capacity that this judgement is supplied with based on compressor 21, the pressure ratio of compressor 21 (the outlet pressure P2 of compressor 21 is with respect to the ratio (P2/P1) of inlet pressure P1) and judge.Controller proceeds to step S55 in result of determination be no in the situation that and processes, and proceeds to step S56 for be in the situation that process in result of determination.
In step S55, it is withstand voltage poor that controller judges whether the pressure reduction of the positive and negative of the dielectric film of fuel cell does not exceed film.The pressure of cathode side flows through the loss value that WRD22 loses and carries out computing by deducts cathode gas from the detected value of cathode pressure transducer 203.The pressure of anode-side detects by anode pressure sensor 301.In addition, exceed the withstand voltage difference of film at the pressure reduction of the positive and negative of the dielectric film of fuel cell, conventionally consider that cathode side becomes the situation of high pressure and anode-side and becomes the situation of high pressure.But, in the present embodiment, due to the pattern of shaking for sound (compared with normal mode, increasing the pattern from the air supply amount of compressor 21), therefore, be the situation that cathode side becomes high pressure.Controller temporarily exits processing be no in the situation that in result of determination, proceed to step S56 for be in the situation that process in result of determination.
In step S56, controller increases the aperture of negative electrode pressure regulating valve 23.
Figure 16 is the figure that the method for operation of the compressor 21 in normal mode running is described.The transverse axis of Figure 16 is air mass flow, and the longitudinal axis is pressure ratio (the outlet pressure P2 of compressor 21 is with respect to the ratio (P2/P1) of inlet pressure P1).
In the present embodiment, for example sound pressure level hour of background noise in idle running, carries out the sound mode operation that shakes, but the following situation of considering that hypothesis is also carried out normal mode running in idle running.
In idle running, the operation point of the compressor 21 being required by the generation power of fuel cell pack 10 is A., the flow of compressor 21 is preferably Q a.But operation point A is due in the surge region in more close top compared with surge line, therefore, compressor 21 may produce surge.Therefore, flow is made as to Q b, at operation point B, compressor 21 is turned round.But under this state, remaining air can be supplied to fuel cell pack 10.Therefore, by (Q b-Q a) discharge.
In the time that generating increases, the operation point of the compressor 21 being required by the generation power of fuel cell pack 10 is C., the flow of compressor 21 is preferably Q c.But operation point C is due in the surge region in more close top compared with surge line, therefore, compressor 21 may produce surge.Therefore, flow is made as to Q d, at operation point D, compressor 21 is turned round.But under this state, remaining air can be supplied to fuel cell pack 10.Therefore, by (Q d-Q c) discharge.
As mentioned above, in normal mode, by the flow of compressor 21 from Q bbe adjusted into Q d, and, will exceed the volume exhaust of the required flow that generates electricity.
Figure 17 shakes in mode operation at sound, the figure that the problem points in the situation of control cathode pressure regulating valve is not described.
Consider that the sound pressure level of background noise is little below, and carry out the shake situation of mode operation of sound.
In addition, in the present embodiment, in the time that compressor 21 may produce surge (step S54 is yes), increase the flow (step S56) of compressor 21, and, increase the aperture (step S57) of negative electrode pressure regulating valve 23, but consider to suppose below the situation of the aperture of not adjusting negative electrode pressure regulating valve 23.
Shake in pattern at sound, from the compressor 21 supply sound pattern air capacity Q that shakes e.But in idle running, the flow that the generation power of fuel cell pack 10 requires is Q a.Therefore, in idle running, from the compressor 21 supply sound pattern air capacity Q that shakes e, and by (Q e-Q a) discharge.
, consider that energy output increases below, and to fuel cell pack 10 supply flow rate Q csituation.In addition Q, c=Q a+ Δ Q.Now, the air capacity of supplying with from compressor 21 is still the sound pattern air capacity Q that shakes e, and by (Q e-Q c) discharge.
At this, if do not adjust the aperture of negative electrode pressure regulating valve 23,, owing to being supplied to the air capacity of fuel cell pack 10 and increasing the amount of Δ Q, cause the outlet pressure P2 of compressor 21 to uprise, possibly cannot avoid surge.In addition, if the outlet pressure P2 of compressor 21 uprises, the cathode side of the dielectric film of fuel cell becomes high pressure.Its result, it is withstand voltage poor that the pressure reduction of the positive and negative of dielectric film likely exceedes film.
Figure 18 shakes in mode operation at sound, the figure that the action effect of the 3rd execution mode is described.
As noted above, increase at energy output, and to fuel cell pack 10 supply flow rate Q csituation under, if do not take any countermeasure, increase the amount of Δ Q for being supplied to the air capacity of fuel cell pack 10, cause the outlet pressure P2 of compressor 21 to uprise, possibly cannot avoid surge.
Therefore, in the present embodiment, by increasing the aperture of negative electrode pressure regulating valve 23, prevent that the outlet pressure P2 of compressor 21 from uprising, at operation point E0, compressor 21 is turned round.And, by remaining air capacity (Q f-Q c) discharge.Thus, can avoid the surge of compressor 21.
In addition,, if the aperture of negative electrode pressure regulating valve 23 is excessive,, as shown in C1, the outlet pressure P2 of compressor 21 may be too low.In the case, the cathode side of the dielectric film of fuel cell becomes low pressure.Its result, it is withstand voltage poor that the pressure reduction of the positive and negative of dielectric film likely exceedes film.Adjust the aperture of negative electrode pressure regulating valve 23 can not become above-mentioned situation.Thus, can protect dielectric film.
(the 4th execution mode)
Figure 19 is the figure that represents the operation mode judgement subprogram of the 4th execution mode of fuel cell system involved in the present invention.
In step S221, controller judges whether current drain valve 210 is opened.Controller proceeds to step S22 in result of determination be no in the situation that and processes, and proceeds to step S23 for be in the situation that process in result of determination.
In step S22, controller is judged to be normal mode.
In step S23, controller is judged to be the sound pattern of shaking.
If drain valve 210 is opened, compressor 21 is supplied with and is exceeded the generate electricity air capacity of required air quantity of current fuel cell pack 10, and, by remaining air venting.In these cases, can supply with and exceed the shake air capacity of pattern air capacity of sound.Therefore, even if do not make compressor 21 carry out unnecessary action, the pattern air capacity of also can supply sound shaking.In addition, even if be no more than the sound pattern air capacity of shaking, owing to thering is discharge capacity, therefore, and compared with the situation of closing with drain valve 210, the marginally supply sound pattern air capacity of shaking.Therefore,, by present embodiment, can avoid compressor 21 to carry out unnecessary action and waste electric power.
(the 5th execution mode)
Figure 20 is the figure that represents the operation mode judgement subprogram of the 5th execution mode of fuel cell system involved in the present invention.
In step S231, controller determines whether the diluent air amount of the generating required air quantity that need to exceed fuel cell pack 10.Proceed to step S232 in result of determination be no in the situation that and process, proceed to step S23 in result of determination for be in the situation that and process.
In step S232, controller determines whether that the discharge having in transition operation increases in running.In transition operation, because the generating of fuel cell pack 10 may sharply increase, therefore, sometimes make in advance compressor 21 exceedingly turn round and make discharge increase.Controller determines whether in above-mentioned operating condition.Proceed to step S233 in result of determination be no in the situation that and process, proceed to step S23 in result of determination for be in the situation that and process.
In step S233, controller determines whether in avoiding surge running.What is called is avoided surge running, refers to the running that for fear of surge, compressor 21 is exceedingly turned round and discharge is increased.Proceed to step S233 in result of determination be no in the situation that and process, proceed to step S23 in result of determination for be in the situation that and process.
In step S234, controller judges whether fuel cell pack 10 is after just having started.After just starting, make anode pressure become high pressure, and carry out exhaust continuously.Therefore,, in above-mentioned period, in order to dilute the hydrogen of discharge, discharge capacity is increased.For discharge capacity is increased, compressor 21 is supplied with the air capacity of the generating required air quantity that exceedes fuel cell pack 10.Controller determines whether in above-mentioned operating condition.Proceed to step S22 in result of determination be no in the situation that and process, proceed to step S23 in result of determination for be in the situation that and process.
In step S22, controller is judged to be normal mode.
In step S23, controller is judged to be the sound pattern of shaking.
In the present embodiment, supply with and exceed the generate electricity air capacity of required air quantity of current fuel cell pack 10 at compressor 21, and, by the situation of remaining air venting, carry out the sound mode operation that shakes.In these cases, can supply with and exceed the shake air capacity of pattern air capacity of sound.Therefore, even if do not make compressor 21 carry out unnecessary action, the pattern air capacity of also can supply sound shaking.In addition, even if be no more than the sound pattern air capacity of shaking, owing to thering is discharge capacity, therefore, and only by a small amount of increase, the pattern air capacity of can supply sound shaking.Therefore,, by present embodiment, can avoid compressor 21 to carry out unnecessary action and waste electric power.
(the 6th execution mode)
Figure 21 is the shake figure of pattern subprogram of the sound that represents the 6th execution mode of fuel cell system involved in the present invention.
Step S51, S52 are due to identical with the 1st execution mode, and therefore, description thereof is omitted.
In step S521, the controller computing generation power of having more than needed.So-called more than needed generation power, refers at the air of supplying with from compressor 21 and is not discharged, and while being all supplied to fuel cell pack 10, by fuel cell pack 10 electric power producing that generates electricity.Concrete operation method is narrated in the back.
In step S522, controller judges whether generation power more than needed is less than target generation power.In addition, target generation power is for example carried out computing as shown in Figure 5.Controller proceeds to step S53 in result of determination be no in the situation that and processes, and proceeds to step S523 for be in the situation that process in result of determination.
In step S523, controller increases the flow of compressor 21 so that generation power more than needed exceedes target generation power.Concrete operation method is narrated in the back.
Figure 22 is the figure that the function of computing generation power more than needed is represented with block diagram.
Module B5211 is added effective supply to air capacity and the discharged air amount of fuel cell pack.
Module B5212 is applied in this air capacity in predefined corresponding diagram, to obtain generation power more than needed.
The recruitment of the air that compressor is supplied with is carried out the figure that the function of computing represents with block diagram by Figure 23.
Module B5231 based target generation power and computing is supplied to the air capacity of fuel cell pack 10.
Module B5232 deducts the actual air capacity of supplying with from compressor 21 from the air capacity being calculated by module B5231, and the recruitment of computing air.
Figure 24 is the figure of the action effect of explanation the 6th execution mode.
In the present embodiment, in the time that target generation power increases, the air capacity of supplying with from compressor is increased.Thus, even if such as battery charge rate SOC reduces wait and the increase of target generation power, fuel cell pack 10 also can suitably generate electricity.
Above, embodiments of the present invention are illustrated, but above-mentioned execution mode only shows a part for application examples of the present invention, technical scope of the present invention can not be defined as to the concrete structure of above-mentioned execution mode.
For example, shake in pattern at sound, supply with constant air capacity (sound shake pattern air capacity) so that the action sound of compressor does not change.But if this constant air capacity (sound shake pattern air capacity) is excessive, even if the action sound of compressor does not change, occupant also may feel ear-piercing and produce sense of discomfort.Therefore, can in the scope of above-mentioned sense of discomfort, make compressor action not feeling.This o'clock, can capping value as shown in the 6th execution mode, even to make to increase halfway the situation of the air capacity of supplying with from compressor, also can not produce sense of discomfort.
In addition, above-mentioned execution mode can carry out appropriately combined.
The application advocates priority based on October 3rd, 2011 to the Patent 2011-219298 of Japanese Patent Room application, and the full content of above-mentioned application is introduced into this specification by reference.

Claims (9)

1. a control device for fuel cell system, this fuel cell system is supplied with electric power by storage battery and fuel cell to external loading,
This fuel cell system has:
Oxidant supplying machine, it supplies with oxidant to described fuel cell;
Oxidant path, it is connected setting with described fuel cell, and the oxidant of supplying with from described oxidant supplying machine is flow through;
Bypass path, it makes a part for the oxidant of being supplied with by described oxidant supplying machine walk around fuel cell and flow from the oxidant forehearth limb of more close upstream compared with described fuel cell;
By-pass valve, it is arranged in described bypass path, and the oxidizer flow rate that flows through bypass path is adjusted;
Oxidizer flow rate control part, its by described oxidant supplying machine supply with described fuel cell require the corresponding oxidizer flow rate of energy output; And
The sound pattern oxidizer flow rate control part that shakes, it supplies with the oxidizer flow rate of constant basis by described oxidant supplying machine,
The control device of this fuel cell system comprises by-pass valve control part, and it,, in the time that described sound shakes described in the control of pattern oxidizer flow rate control part oxidant supplying machine, controls described by-pass valve corresponding to the requirement of described fuel cell.
2. the control device of fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein,
The described sound pattern oxidizer flow rate control part that shakes, in the time that the sound pressure level of the action sound of described oxidant supplying machine is greater than the sound pressure level of background noise, controls described oxidant supplying machine to supply with the oxidizer flow rate of constant basis.
3. the control device of fuel cell system according to claim 1 and 2, wherein,
The described sound pattern oxidizer flow rate control part that shakes, in vehicle stop, in low vehicle speeds, gear shift gear is that P gear, gear shift gear are N gear, silent mode or fuel cell while being low generating state, controls described oxidant supplying machine to supply with the oxidizer flow rate of constant basis.
4. according to the control device of the fuel cell system described in any one in claims 1 to 3, it also has:
Pressure regulating valve, its pressure to the oxidant that flows through described oxidant path is adjusted;
Surge detection unit, it judges that described oxidant supplying machine possibility produces surge; And
Pressure regulating valve control part, it increases the aperture of described pressure regulating valve in the time may producing surge.
5. according to the control device of the fuel cell system described in any one in claims 1 to 3, it also has:
Pressure regulating valve, its pressure to the oxidant that flows through described oxidant path is adjusted;
Pressure reduction detection unit, its withstand voltage difference of film that whether exceedes fuel cell to being supplied to the oxidant of fuel cell and the pressure reduction of hydrogen is judged; And
Pressure regulating valve control part, it is withstand voltage when poor that it exceedes film at described pressure reduction, increases the aperture of described pressure regulating valve.
6. according to the control device of the fuel cell system described in any one in claim 1 to 5, wherein,
The described sound pattern oxidizer flow rate control part that shakes, in the time that described by-pass valve is opened, controls described oxidant supplying machine to supply with the oxidizer flow rate of constant basis.
7. according to the control device of the fuel cell system described in any one in claim 1 to 6, wherein,
The described sound pattern oxidizer flow rate control part that shakes, more and increase the running of the oxidizer flow rate that flows through bypass path, when avoiding the mode of surge to turn round or after just having started time, control the oxidizer flow rate of described oxidant supplying machine with supply constant basis than the desired oxidant content of generating at the oxidant content for diluting useless hydrogen.
8. according to the control device of the fuel cell system described in any one in claim 1 to 7, wherein,
Also comprise operational part more than needed, its generation power more than needed when supply with the oxidizer flow rate of constant basis from described oxidant supplying machine is carried out computing,
The described sound pattern oxidizer flow rate control part that shakes, in the time that the target generation power of fuel cell exceedes described generation power more than needed, controls described oxidant supplying machine to increase the quantity delivered of oxidant.
9. according to the control device of the fuel cell system described in any one in claim 1 to 8, wherein,
The described sound pattern oxidizer flow rate control part that shakes, controls described oxidant supplying machine can not exceed the rotating speed of regulation.
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