CN114093968A - A strong heat-sinking capability accuse temperature photovoltaic backplate for high humidity area - Google Patents
A strong heat-sinking capability accuse temperature photovoltaic backplate for high humidity area Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
- H01L31/049—Protective back sheets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/052—Cooling means directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. integrated Peltier elements for active cooling or heat sinks directly associated with the PV cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/052—Cooling means directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. integrated Peltier elements for active cooling or heat sinks directly associated with the PV cells
- H01L31/0521—Cooling means directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. integrated Peltier elements for active cooling or heat sinks directly associated with the PV cells using a gaseous or a liquid coolant, e.g. air flow ventilation, water circulation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of temperature control of a photovoltaic back plate under high humidity, in particular to a temperature-controlled photovoltaic back plate with strong heat dissipation capacity, which is used in a high-humidity area; the solar module comprises a solar cell panel fixed on an outer frame of the module, a photovoltaic back panel arranged on the back of the solar cell panel and a functional layer arranged on one side of the photovoltaic back panel far away from the solar cell panel; the functional layer is sequentially divided into an adhesion layer, an intelligent temperature control layer and a weather-resistant layer along the direction far away from the solar cell panel; according to the invention, the functional layer is additionally arranged on the photovoltaic back plate, on the basis of the humidity difference of a high-humidity area at night in the daytime, the temperature of the photovoltaic plate is prevented from rising by absorbing water in the air at night and evaporating water in the daytime, and the working efficiency and the service life of the photovoltaic plate are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of temperature control of photovoltaic back plates under high humidity, in particular to a high-heat-dissipation-capacity temperature-controlled photovoltaic back plate used in a high-humidity area.
Background
Photovoltaic power generation is a technology of directly converting light energy into electric energy by using the photovoltaic effect of a semiconductor interface. Research shows that the power generation amount of the crystalline silicon solar panel is reduced by 0.4-0.65% when the temperature of the crystalline silicon solar panel is increased once, and the current general working temperature of the solar panel is over 65 ℃, which means that the actual working efficiency of the solar panel is reduced by 2.5-5%. As for this problem, the current solutions are listed as follows:
1. the most common way is: the water cooling guide pipe is connected with the photovoltaic back plate to drive the water medium, so that the heat of the photovoltaic back plate is taken away, and the operating temperature of the solar panel is reduced.
2. The functional film is filled on one side, far away from the solar panel, of the photovoltaic back plate, and the temperature of the photovoltaic back plate is prevented from rising in a mode of absorbing water in the air at night and evaporating water in the daytime in a high-humidity area or a high-day-night temperature difference area (mountain region photovoltaic, coal mining subsidence area photovoltaic, beach land photovoltaic, pond photovoltaic, water photovoltaic, farmland photovoltaic and the like), so that the working efficiency and the service life of the photovoltaic back plate are improved.
Patent CN201410420902.0 discloses a self-cooling photovoltaic back sheet and a preparation method thereof, and the patent uses a second method to reduce the operation temperature of a solar panel during the daytime. However, the patent has problems that: the existence of multilayer tie coat and water blocking layer for the moisture gets into the route on layer that absorbs water and lengthens in the air, and because tie coat, water blocking layer self material structure lack the characteristics of hole, makes the moisture get into the degree of difficulty very big, and the moisture utilization ratio as heat-conducting medium is not high, and this will influence the cooling effect certainly.
The invention improves on the basis of the patent, optimizes the structural distribution of the functional layer on the photovoltaic back plate, improves the exchange efficiency of the functional layer and the moisture in the outside air to the maximum extent, and enhances the cooling effect on the photovoltaic back plate.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a temperature-controlled photovoltaic back plate with strong heat dissipation capacity for a high-humidity area, which is characterized in that a functional layer is additionally arranged on the photovoltaic back plate, on the basis of the humidity difference of the high-humidity area at daytime and night, the temperature of the photovoltaic back plate is prevented from rising by absorbing water in the air at night and evaporating water in the daytime, and the working efficiency and the service life of the photovoltaic back plate are improved, and the specific technical scheme is as follows:
the invention relates to a high-heat-dissipation-capacity temperature-control photovoltaic backboard for high-humidity areas, which comprises a solar cell panel, a photovoltaic backboard and a functional layer, wherein the solar cell panel is fixed on an outer frame of a component; the functional layer is divided into an adhesion layer, an intelligent temperature control layer and a weather-proof layer in sequence along the direction far away from the solar cell panel. The adhesive layer is mainly used for ensuring the adhesion of the intelligent temperature control layer and the photovoltaic back plate and strengthening the interface heat conduction between the photovoltaic back plate and the intelligent temperature control layer; the intelligent temperature control layer is mainly a cooling functional area; the weather-resistant layer has the main functions of blocking the erosion of the external environment, enhancing the heat radiation capacity of the functional layer and facilitating the water vapor to enter and exit the functional layer through the porous structure.
The intelligent temperature control layer comprises a water absorption layer and a structural fabric layer; the structural fabric layer is interwoven inside the water absorption layer in an inserting mode, extends out of the two sides of the water absorption layer and is interwoven into a mesh fabric structure which can be fixed with the outer frame of the component, and the structural fabric layer has the main effects of protecting the structural integrity of the water absorption layer and providing porous structural support for the functional layer.
The interior of the weather-resistant layer is of a porous structure, and micrometer-level bulges and pits are distributed on the surface of one side adjacent to the outside; the protrusions and depressions have an average size ranging from 2 to 25 μm, and preferably ranging from 3 to 15 μm. The main function of the bulges and the pits on the surface of the weather-resistant layer is to enhance the reflection capability of the weather-resistant layer to environmental radiation.
3-16 wt.% of high-thermal-conductivity filler I is added into the adhesive layer to improve the thermal conductivity of the adhesive layer; 3-35 wt.% of high-thermal-conductivity filler II and 0.2-5 wt.% of high-thermal-radiation filler are added into the water absorption layer, so that the thermal conductivity and the thermal radiation capacity of the water absorption layer are improved; and 0.2-5 wt.% of high-heat radiation filler is added into the weather-resistant layer to improve the heat radiation capability of the weather-resistant layer.
Further, the water absorption layer is made of air moisture absorption gel, the air moisture absorption gel comprises any one or combination of at least two of carboxyl, sulfonic acid, amide, ether or imidazole hydrophilic functional polymers, and the polymerization degree range of the hydrophilic functional polymers is 1 k-60 k; the thickness of the water absorption layer is 10 mu m-2 cm.
Further, the structural fabric layer is made of any one of cotton yarn, coarse fiber, glass fiber or rock wool.
Further, the structural fabric layer is a single layer or multiple layers; when the structural fabric layer is a single layer, the water-absorbing layer is interlaced along the plane; when the structural fabric layer is a plurality of layers, the water-absorbing layer is preferably interlaced along the plane, and then the water-absorbing layer extends out of the plane and covers the two sides of the water-absorbing layer in an interlaced manner.
Further, the adhesion layer material is any one of EVA, PVA, carboxylic acids or cyano materials; the normal thickness of the adhesive layer is 20-100 μm, and the expanded thickness is 500-510 μm.
Further, the weather-resistant layer material is any one or a combination of at least two of PE, nylon, terylene, acrylic fiber, polyurethane, polyethers, polytetrafluoroethylene, PTFE, FET, PFA and ETFE; the thickness of the weather-resistant layer is 8-100 mu m.
Further, the first high thermal conductivity filler is BN or TiO2、Al2O3Any one or a combination of at least two of kaolin or silicate; the second high-thermal-conductivity filler is graphite, graphene, BN and TiO2、Al2O3Any one or a combination of at least two of kaolin or silicate; the high heat radiation filler is any one or combination of at least two of graphite, graphene, carbon black or carbon nanotubes.
Further, when the water-absorbing layer itself has good adhesiveness, the water-absorbing layer can be regarded as an assembly of an adhesive layer and a functional region of the water-absorbing layer, and can functionally replace the individual adhesive layers.
Further, when the intelligent temperature control layer itself has good weatherability, the intelligent temperature control layer can be regarded as a set of the weatherable layer and the functional area of the intelligent temperature control layer, and can functionally replace a separate weatherable layer.
Furthermore, the temperature control photovoltaic back plate can be used independently, and a functional layer on the temperature control photovoltaic back plate can be used as an independent film and is attached to the existing photovoltaic system to achieve the purpose of cooling.
Compared with the existing photovoltaic backboard cooling method, the photovoltaic backboard cooling method has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention provides a high-heat-dissipation-capacity temperature-control photovoltaic back plate for a high-humidity area.
(2) According to the invention, the structural distribution of the functional layer on the photovoltaic back plate is optimized, so that the exchange efficiency of the functional layer and moisture in the outside air is improved to the maximum extent in a mode of shortening the length of a moisture transmission path and reducing the moisture transmission difficulty, and the cooling effect on the photovoltaic back plate is enhanced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a temperature controlled photovoltaic backsheet prepared in accordance with the present invention.
In the figure: 1-photovoltaic back plate, 2-functional layer, 21-adhesive layer, 22-temperature control layer, 221-water absorption layer, 222-structural fabric layer, 23-weather-resistant layer, 31-high thermal conductive filler I, 32-high thermal conductive filler II and 33-high thermal radiation filler.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the manner in which the present invention is made and the effects achieved, the following description of the present invention will be made in detail and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
Example 1 is mainly intended to illustrate the design of the present invention under certain specific parameters, and the following contents are as follows:
a high-heat-dissipation-capacity temperature-control photovoltaic backboard for a high-humidity area comprises a solar cell panel fixed on an outer frame of a module, a photovoltaic backboard 1 arranged on the back of the solar cell panel, and a functional layer 2 arranged on one side, far away from the solar cell panel, of the photovoltaic backboard 1; the functional layer 2 is sequentially divided into an adhesion layer 21, an intelligent temperature control layer 22 and a weather-resistant layer 23 along the direction far away from the solar panel; the intelligent temperature control layer 22 includes a water-absorbing layer 221 and a structural fabric layer 222.
The material of the adhesion layer 21 selected in the embodiment is EVA adhesive glue, the thickness of the material layer is 60-80 μm, and the first high-thermal-conductivity filler 31 added in the material layer is a BN compound with the proportion of 5-7 wt.%.
The water absorbing layer 221 material selected in the embodiment mainly comprises organic carboxylic acid ionic low-molecular polymer, the polymerization degree range is 3 k-20 k, the material layer thickness is 1.5mm, and graphite serving as a second high-thermal-conductivity filler 32 and a high-thermal-radiation filler 33 is added in the layer in a proportion of 3-5 wt.%.
The structural fabric layer 222 selected in this embodiment is made of basalt fiber fabric and has a single-layer structure; the basalt fiber fabric is interlaced in the water absorbing layer 221 and fixed to the outer frame of the module.
The weather-resistant layer 23 in this embodiment is made of PE polymer, the thickness of the material layer is 20 μm to 40 μm, the average size range of the protrusions and the depressions distributed on the surface of the weather-resistant layer 23 is 2 μm to 14 μm, and the preferred size range is 4 μm to 11 μm, and graphite is added in the layer as the high-heat radiation filler 33, and the proportion of the graphite is 1.5 wt.% to 2.5 wt.%.
The practical application effect of the first embodiment is as follows: the temperature-control photovoltaic back plate prepared based on the scheme can spontaneously absorb moisture from air with humidity not lower than 45% to expand in the environment with high water vapor humidity such as night and early morning; when the temperature rises in the daytime, the moisture in the intelligent temperature control layer 22 can be evaporated and released to take away the heat on the photovoltaic panel, so that the temperature of the panel surface is reduced.
Example 2
The embodiment 2 is described based on the scheme described in the embodiment 1, and aims to illustrate the scheme design under another parameter, which is specifically as follows:
a high-heat-dissipation-capacity temperature-control photovoltaic backboard for a high-humidity area comprises a solar cell panel fixed on an outer frame of a module, a photovoltaic backboard 1 arranged on the back of the solar cell panel, and a functional layer 2 arranged on one side, far away from the solar cell panel, of the photovoltaic backboard 1; the functional layer 2 is sequentially divided into an adhesion layer 21, an intelligent temperature control layer 22 and a weather-resistant layer 23 along the direction far away from the solar panel; the intelligent temperature control layer 22 includes a water-absorbing layer 221 and a structural fabric layer 222.
The material of the adhesion layer 21 selected in the embodiment is carboxylic acid adhesive glue, the thickness of the material layer is 20-60 μm, and the first high-thermal-conductivity filler 31 added in the material layer is a BN compound, and the proportion is 8-15 wt.%.
The water absorbing layer 221 material selected in this embodiment mainly comprises organic sulfonic acid ionic low-molecular polymer, the polymerization degree range is 2 k-7 k, the material layer thickness is 1.5mm, and graphite is added in the layer as high thermal conductivity filler II 32 and high thermal radiation filler 33, and the proportion is 3-5 wt.%.
The structural fabric layer 222 in this embodiment is made of glass fiber fabric, and has a three-layer structure, and the three layers of fabric are respectively located between the adhesion layer 21 and the water absorption layer 221, in the water absorption layer 221, and between the water absorption layer 221 and the weather-resistant layer 23, and are fixed to the outer frame of the module.
The weather-resistant layer 23 selected in this embodiment is made of a fluoroethylene polyether polymer, the thickness of the material layer is 20 μm to 40 μm, the average size range of protrusions and pits distributed on the surface of the weather-resistant layer 23 is 2 μm to 14 μm, the preferred size range is 4 μm to 11 μm, and graphene serving as a high-heat radiation filler 33 is added in the layer and accounts for 1.5 wt.% to 2.5 wt.%.
The practical application effect of the first embodiment is as follows: the temperature-control photovoltaic back plate prepared based on the scheme can spontaneously absorb moisture from air with humidity not lower than 55% to expand in the environment with high water vapor humidity such as night and early morning; when the temperature rises in the daytime, the moisture in the intelligent temperature control layer 22 can be evaporated and released to take away the heat on the photovoltaic panel, so that the temperature of the panel surface is reduced.
Example 3
The embodiment 3 is described based on the scheme described in the embodiment 1, and aims to illustrate the scheme design under another parameter, which is specifically as follows:
a high-heat-dissipation-capacity temperature-control photovoltaic backboard for a high-humidity area comprises a solar cell panel fixed on an outer frame of a module, a photovoltaic backboard 1 arranged on the back of the solar cell panel, and a functional layer 2 arranged on one side, far away from the solar cell panel, of the photovoltaic backboard 1; the functional layer 2 is sequentially divided into an adhesion layer 21, an intelligent temperature control layer 22 and a weather-resistant layer 23 along the direction far away from the solar panel; the intelligent temperature control layer 22 includes a water-absorbing layer 221 and a structural fabric layer 222.
In this embodiment, the adhesion layer 21 and the water absorbing layer 221 are made of the same material, and are both carboxylic acid polymers with good adhesion, and are completed by one-time construction.
In the construction process, polymerization reaction time is prolonged by controlling, aluminum oxide and polysilicic acid inorganic foundation are selected as composite substrates to be compounded, most of inorganic matters are settled on the bottom surface of the photovoltaic back plate under the action of natural settlement, the structure of a bottom polymer is reinforced to form a carboxylic acid reaction bonding adhesive layer, and the thickness range of the formed bonding layer 21 is 20-60 mu m.
The polymerization degree of the carboxylic acid polymer in the water absorption layer 221 is 3 k-10 k, the thickness is 1cm, and graphite serving as a second high-thermal-conductivity filler 32 and a high-thermal-radiation filler 33 is added into the layer and accounts for 3-5 wt.%.
The fabric layer 222 in this embodiment is a single-layer fiberglass mesh, and is inserted into the water-absorbing layer 221 and fixed to the outer frame of the module.
The weather-resistant layer 23 selected in this embodiment is made of a fluoroethylene polyether polymer, the thickness of the material layer is 20 μm to 40 μm, the average size range of protrusions and pits distributed on the surface of the weather-resistant layer 23 is 2 μm to 14 μm, the preferred size range is 4 μm to 11 μm, and graphene serving as a high-heat radiation filler 33 is added in the layer and accounts for 1.5 wt.% to 2.5 wt.%.
The practical application effect of the first embodiment is as follows: the temperature-control photovoltaic back plate prepared based on the scheme can spontaneously absorb moisture from air with humidity not lower than 50% to expand in the environment with high water vapor humidity such as night and early morning; when the temperature rises in the daytime, moisture in the intelligent temperature control layer 22 can be evaporated and released to take away heat on the photovoltaic panel, so that the temperature of the panel surface is reduced.
Examples of the experiments
The experimental example is based on the technical scheme in the embodiment 1, and aims to illustrate the practical application effect of the invention.
1. Adhesion and thermal conductivity test of adhesive layer 21
The experiment in this section is designed on the basis of the scheme in example 1, a BN compound is selected as the first high thermal conductivity filler 31, and the influence of different content of BN compounds on the daytime temperature reduction range of the temperature-controlled photovoltaic back panel and the bonding strength between the intelligent temperature-controlled layer 22 and the photovoltaic back panel 1 is studied. In the experiment, the simulated daytime external temperature is 35 degrees, the nighttime external temperature is 15 degrees, the air humidity is 60 percent, the size of the intercepted temperature control photovoltaic back plate is 10cm multiplied by 10cm, the interlayer tensile strength is measured according to the GB/T228-2002 standard, and the specific data are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 influence of different contents of BN composite composition on the adhesion layer Properties
As can be seen from the data in table 1, as the content of BN complex in the adhesive layer 21 increased to 10 wt.%, the temperature on the photovoltaic backsheet gradually decreased and was maintained at 63 ℃; it is noted that when the content of the BN composite in the adhesive layer 21 is increased from 0 wt.% to 5 wt.%, the bonding strength between the intelligent temperature-controlled layer 22 and the photovoltaic backsheet 1 does not change significantly, but when the content of the BN composite in the adhesive layer 21 is greater than 9 wt.%, the bonding strength between the intelligent temperature-controlled layer 22 and the photovoltaic backsheet 1 decreases significantly, presumably because the content of the high thermal conductive filler is too high, which causes the bonding interface between the intelligent temperature-controlled layer 22 and the photovoltaic backsheet 1 to be occupied, and thus the interlayer bonding strength decreases.
The proportion of the high thermal conductivity filler in the adhesion layer 21 is preferably 5 wt.% to 7 wt.% by taking the process conditions, the raw material cost and the technical requirements into consideration.
2. Water absorption and thermal conductivity test of Water absorbing layer 221
In this section of experiment, the simulated daytime external temperature is 35 °, the nighttime external temperature is 15 °, the air humidity is 60%, the size of the intercepted temperature-controlled photovoltaic back sheet is 10cm × 10cm, and a BN compound with a proportion of 7 wt.% is selected as the first high-thermal-conductivity filler 31 in the adhesion layer 21, under which the influences of the second high-thermal-conductivity filler 32 and the high-thermal-radiation filler 33 with different contents on the water absorption and thermal conductivity of the water absorption layer 221 are studied.
Selecting TiO2As a second 32 high thermal conductivity filler, different TiO was explored2The content has an influence on the water absorption and thermal conductivity of the water-absorbing layer 221, and specific data are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 different TiO2Content influence on the Water absorption layer-related Properties
As can be seen from the data in table 2:
when TiO is present2When the content is continuously increased, the water absorption capacity of the water absorption layer 221 at night is gradually reduced; and when TiO2The content is 0 wt.% to 35 wt.%, and the water absorption capacity of the water absorption layer 221 at night can be maintained at 20mL or more.
When TiO is added2When the content is increased from 0 wt.% to 35 wt.%, the daytime temperature of the photovoltaic backsheet is continuously decreased from 64 ℃ to 56 ℃; it is noted that when TiO2When the content is increased from 15 wt.% to 45 wt.%, the daytime temperature decrease amplitude of the photovoltaic backsheet is slowed down, and when TiO is added2When the content was increased to 55 wt.%, the temperature of the photovoltaic backsheet was maintained at 57 ℃.
The reason why the above phenomenon occurs is presumed to be: albeit TiO2The second 32 high-thermal-conductivity filler can improve the thermal conductivity of the water absorption layer and increase the heat exchange efficiency, but TiO can improve the heat exchange efficiency2The content of the heat exchange medium is increased, and the heat exchange medium occupies the inner space of the gel, so that the water absorption capacity of the gel is continuously reduced, and the temperature reduction amplitude of the photovoltaic back plate is reduced due to the reduction of the content of the heat exchange medium; when TiO is present2When the content is increased to 55 wt.%, the negative effect of the reduction of the heat exchange medium is higher than the positive effect of the increase of the thermal conductivity, so that the daytime temperature of the photovoltaic backsheet is instead increased from 56 ° to 57 °.
TiO in the water absorbing layer 221 by comprehensively considering the process conditions, the raw material cost and the technical requirements2The proportion is preferably 3 wt.% to 35 wt.%.
3. Thermal conductivity test of weather-resistant layer 23
In the experiment, the simulated daytime external temperature is 35 degrees, the simulated nighttime external temperature is 15 degrees, the air humidity is 60 percent, the intercepted temperature-control photovoltaic back plate is 10cm multiplied by 10cm, a BN compound with the proportion of 7 wt.% is selected from the adhesion layer 21 as a first high-heat-conductivity filler 31, and TiO in the water absorption layer 2212The occupancy was 15 wt.%, under which conditions the effect of different high levels of thermal radiation filler 33 on the thermal conductivity of the weathering layer 23 was investigated.
Graphite is selected as the high-heat-radiation filler 33, the influence of different graphite contents on the heat conductivity (daytime temperature of the photovoltaic back plate) of the weather-resistant layer 23 is researched, and specific data are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 influence of different graphite contents on the heat-conducting property of weather-resistant layer
As can be seen from the data in table 3, the daytime temperature of the photovoltaic backsheet decreased from 58 ℃ to 55 ℃ when the graphite content increased from 0 wt.% to 5 wt.%; when the graphite content is increased from 5 wt.% to 6.5 wt.%, the daytime temperature of the photovoltaic back sheet is reduced by maintaining the temperature at 55 ℃.
It is obvious that the thermal conductivity of the weathering layer 23 is positively correlated to the content of graphite, but considering that too much filler reduces the resistance of the weathering layer 23 to external attack, a graphite content of 0.25 wt.% to 5 wt.% is preferred as the high thermal radiation filler content of the weathering layer 23, for the most cost-effective.
Claims (10)
1. A high-heat-dissipation-capacity temperature-control photovoltaic backboard for high-humidity areas comprises a solar cell panel fixed on an outer frame of a module, a photovoltaic backboard (1) arranged on the back of the solar cell panel, and a functional layer (2) arranged on one side, far away from the solar cell panel, of the photovoltaic backboard (1); functional layer (2) divide into adhesion layer (21), intelligent temperature control layer (22) and resistant layer of waiting (23), its characterized in that along the direction of keeping away from solar cell panel in proper order:
the intelligent temperature control layer (22) comprises a water absorption layer (221) and a structural fabric layer (222); the structural fabric layer (222) is inserted and interwoven inside the water absorption layer (221), and extends out of the two sides of the water absorption layer (221) to be interwoven into a mesh fabric structure which can be fixed with the outer frame of the assembly;
the interior of the weather-resistant layer (23) is of a porous structure, and micrometer-level bulges and pits are distributed on the surface of one side adjacent to the outside; the average size range of the bulges and the pits is 2-25 mu m, and the preferred size range is 3-15 mu m;
3-16 wt.% of a first high-heat-conductivity filler (31) is added into the adhesive layer (21);
3-35 wt.% of high-heat-conductivity filler II (32) and 0.2-5 wt.% of high-heat-radiation filler (33) are added into the water absorption layer (221);
the weathering layer (23) has 0.2 wt.% to 5 wt.% of a high heat radiation filler (33) added to it.
2. The temperature-controlled photovoltaic back plate with strong heat dissipation capacity for high-humidity regions as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water absorbing layer (221) is made of air moisture-absorbing gel, the air moisture-absorbing gel comprises any one or a combination of at least two of carboxyl, sulfonic acid, amide, ether or imidazole hydrophilic functional polymers, and the polymerization degree of the hydrophilic functional polymer is in a range of 1k to 60 k; the thickness of the water absorption layer (221) is 10 mu m-2 cm.
3. The temperature-controlled photovoltaic back sheet with strong heat dissipation capacity for high-humidity areas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the material of the structural fabric layer (222) is any one of cotton yarn, coarse fiber, glass fiber or rock wool.
4. The temperature-controlled photovoltaic backsheet with enhanced heat dissipation capability for high humidity region as claimed in claim 3, wherein said structural fabric layer (222) is single-layered or multi-layered; when the structural fabric layer (222) is a single layer, the water absorbing layer (221) is formed in a penetrating and interweaving mode along the plane; when the structural fabric layer (222) is a plurality of layers, the water-absorbing layer (221) is preferably interlaced along the plane, and then the water-absorbing layer (221) extends out of the plane and is interlaced and covered on two sides of the water-absorbing layer (221).
5. The temperature-controlled photovoltaic back sheet with strong heat dissipation capacity for high-humidity areas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the material of the adhesion layer (21) is any one of EVA, PVA, carboxylic acids or cyano materials; the normal thickness of the adhesive layer (21) is 20-100 μm, and the expanded thickness is 500-510 μm.
6. The temperature-controlled photovoltaic back sheet with strong heat dissipation capacity for high-humidity regions as claimed in claim 1, wherein the weather-resistant layer (23) is made of any one or a combination of at least two of PE, nylon, terylene, acrylon, polyurethane, polyethers, polytetrafluoro-ethylene (PTFE), FET, PFA and ETFE; the thickness of the weather-resistant layer (23) is 8-100 mu m.
7. The temperature-controlled photovoltaic back sheet with strong heat dissipation capacity for high-humidity areas as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the high thermal conductivity filler I (31) is BN or TiO2、Al2O3Any one or a combination of at least two of kaolin or silicate;
the second high-thermal-conductivity filler (32) is graphite, graphene, BN or TiO2、Al2O3Any one or a combination of at least two of kaolin or silicate;
the high heat radiation filler (33) is any one of graphite, graphene, carbon black or carbon nano tubes or a combination of at least two of the graphite, the graphene, the carbon black and the carbon nano tubes.
8. The temperature-controlled photovoltaic back sheet with strong heat dissipation capacity for high-humidity regions as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the water-absorbing layer (221) has good adhesion, the water-absorbing layer (221) can be regarded as a collection of functional areas of the adhesive layer (21) and the water-absorbing layer (221), and can functionally replace the adhesive layer (21) alone.
9. The temperature-controlled photovoltaic back sheet with strong heat dissipation capacity for high-humidity regions as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the intelligent temperature-controlled layer (22) has good weatherability, the intelligent temperature-controlled layer (22) can be regarded as a collection of the weatherable layer (23) and the functional area of the intelligent temperature-controlled layer (22), and can functionally replace the weatherable layer (23) alone.
10. The temperature-controlled photovoltaic back sheet with strong heat dissipation capacity for high-humidity areas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature-controlled photovoltaic back sheet can be used alone, and the functional layer (2) on the temperature-controlled photovoltaic back sheet can be used as an individual film to be attached to an existing photovoltaic system for cooling.
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