CN114093748A - Compact structure's photoionization ion source and photoionization time of flight mass spectrograph - Google Patents

Compact structure's photoionization ion source and photoionization time of flight mass spectrograph Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114093748A
CN114093748A CN202111342652.XA CN202111342652A CN114093748A CN 114093748 A CN114093748 A CN 114093748A CN 202111342652 A CN202111342652 A CN 202111342652A CN 114093748 A CN114093748 A CN 114093748A
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electrode
drift
photoionization
ion source
electrodes
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杨燕婷
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Chengdu Aliebn Science And Technology Co ltd
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Chengdu Aliebn Science And Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202111342652.XA priority Critical patent/CN114093748A/en
Publication of CN114093748A publication Critical patent/CN114093748A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2022/129337 priority patent/WO2023083082A1/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01JELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J49/00Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
    • H01J49/02Details
    • H01J49/10Ion sources; Ion guns
    • H01J49/16Ion sources; Ion guns using surface ionisation, e.g. field-, thermionic- or photo-emission
    • H01J49/161Ion sources; Ion guns using surface ionisation, e.g. field-, thermionic- or photo-emission using photoionisation, e.g. by laser
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01JELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J49/00Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
    • H01J49/02Details
    • H01J49/06Electron- or ion-optical arrangements
    • H01J49/062Ion guides
    • H01J49/065Ion guides having stacked electrodes, e.g. ring stack, plate stack
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01JELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J49/00Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
    • H01J49/02Details
    • H01J49/24Vacuum systems, e.g. maintaining desired pressures
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01JELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J49/00Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
    • H01J49/26Mass spectrometers or separator tubes
    • H01J49/34Dynamic spectrometers
    • H01J49/40Time-of-flight spectrometers

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Other Investigation Or Analysis Of Materials By Electrical Means (AREA)
  • Electron Tubes For Measurement (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of analytical instruments, and particularly relates to a compact-structure photoionization ion source and a photoionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer. The photoionization ion source comprises an ultraviolet lamp and an electrode group which are sequentially arranged, wherein an insulating sealing ring is arranged between adjacent electrodes in the electrode group, the middle parts of the electrodes in the electrode group are provided with through hole structures, and the insulating sealing ring and the electrodes in the electrode group jointly form a columnar cavity; the electrodes in the electrode group comprise a drift head electrode, at least one drift electrode and a drift tail electrode which are sequentially arranged, a capillary tube for sample introduction is arranged on the side face of the drift head electrode, and the ultraviolet lamp is arranged at one end, close to the drift head electrode, of the columnar cavity. The photoionization ion source is applied to the time-of-flight mass spectrometer, the structure of the spectrometer can be effectively simplified, the size of the spectrometer is reduced, the energy consumption of the spectrometer is reduced, the popularization and the use of the time-of-flight mass spectrometer are facilitated, and the photoionization ion source has a good application prospect.

Description

Compact structure's photoionization ion source and photoionization time of flight mass spectrograph
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of analytical instruments, and particularly relates to a compact-structure photoionization ion source and a photoionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer.
Background
Time of Flight Mass spectrometers (TOF) are a commonly used type of Mass Spectrometer. The mass analyser of such a mass spectrometer is an ion drift tube. The sample is processed into ion beams by an ion source, and the ion beams enter a field-free drift tube after being accelerated and fly to an ion receiver at a constant speed. According to the principle that ions with different masses can be separated according to the m/z value, ions generated by a sample can be analyzed.
In TOF, the ion source is a very important component. The ionization effect of the ion source on the sample is related to the performances of sensitivity and the like of the detection result. The invention patent CN200610011793.2 vacuum ultraviolet lamp ionization device in time-of-flight mass spectrometer provides a photoionization ion source, which is an ion source device for irradiating sample ions by using an ultraviolet lamp to ionize the sample ions. In order to avoid the influence of air on sample ionization, the photoionization ion source in the prior art is provided with a separate mechanical pump or molecular pump to maintain the vacuum degree of a chamber in which an ionization region of the ion source is located to meet the requirement of sample ionization. Besides an ionization region of an ion source, a TOF generally has other regions needing to maintain vacuum degree, such as an ion transmission region and the like, so that the existing photoionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer generally has a plurality of mechanical pumps or molecular pumps for vacuumizing, so that the instrument has a complex structure and a large volume, and is not beneficial to popularization and application due to high energy consumption in use.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a compact photoionization ion source and a photoionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer, and aims to: by reasonably designing the photoionization ion source, a vacuumizing device is omitted, so that the photoionization ion source is compact in structure; after being applied to the time-of-flight mass spectrometer, the structure of the time-of-flight mass spectrometer can be further simplified, the size of the instrument is reduced, and the use is convenient.
A compact-structure photoionization ion source comprises an ultraviolet lamp and an electrode group which are sequentially arranged, wherein an insulating sealing ring is arranged between adjacent electrodes in the electrode group, the middle parts of the electrodes in the electrode group are provided with through hole structures, and the insulating sealing ring and the electrodes in the electrode group jointly form a columnar cavity;
the electrodes in the electrode group comprise a drift head electrode, at least one drift electrode and a drift tail electrode which are sequentially arranged, a capillary tube for sample introduction is arranged on the side face of the drift head electrode, and the ultraviolet lamp is arranged at one end, close to the drift head electrode, of the columnar cavity.
Preferably, the device also comprises a flow controller and a pressure controller, wherein the flow controller and the pressure controller are connected to the capillary tube through a bypass outlet.
Preferably, the aperture of the through hole structure of the drift head electrode and the drift electrode is 1mm-15mm, the size of the central hole of the insulating sealing ring is 1-20mm, the aperture of the through hole structure of the drift tail electrode is 0.3-3mm, and the length of the columnar cavity is 30-300 mm.
Preferably, the drift head electrode is in contact with a burner electrode of the ultraviolet lamp.
Preferably, the through hole structure of the drift tail electrode is a tapered hole.
Preferably, the electrodes in the electrode group further include a sample convergence drift electrode, the convergence drift electrode is located between the drift head electrode and the drift electrode, the aperture of the through hole structure of the sample convergence drift electrode is 1mm-3mm, and the through hole structure of the sample convergence drift electrode and the light beam of the ultraviolet lamp are coaxially arranged.
Preferably, the electrodes in the electrode group further include a vacuum measurement drift electrode, and a vacuum gauge for detecting the vacuum degree of the columnar cavity is arranged on the side surface of the vacuum measurement drift electrode.
Preferably, a voltage dividing resistor is provided between the electrodes in the electrode group.
The invention also provides a photoionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer, and the photoionization ion source is adopted as the ion source of the photoionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer.
Preferably, an ion transmission area vacuum cavity is arranged at the rear end of the photoionization ion source, the ion transmission area vacuum cavity is connected with a device for vacuumizing, an ion transmitter is arranged in the ion transmission area vacuum cavity, a small hole electrode for leading out an ion beam is arranged at the rear end of the ion transmission area vacuum cavity, and a small hole with the aperture of 0.5-2mm is arranged on the small hole electrode.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the sealed cavity for ionization is formed by the combination of the ultraviolet lamp, the electrode and the insulating sealing ring, the structure is compact, no redundant parts are arranged, the volume of the sealed cavity of the photoionization ion source can be effectively maintained within a reasonable range, and the sealed cavity and the vacuum cavity of the ion transmission area at the rear end can share the vacuum pumping equipment. Thus, the photoionization ion source of the present invention successfully eliminates a separate vacuum pumping apparatus.
2. According to the preferred scheme, the flow controller and the pressure controller are used for controlling the sample injection pressure and the sample injection flow rate of the capillary, so that the difficulty of maintaining vacuum in an ionization region is further reduced, the independent vacuum pumping equipment is easier to omit, the air pressure in the power supply is adjustable, and the possibility of pollution and interference detection of a sample on a pressure regulating and flow regulating device is avoided.
3. According to the preferred scheme, the parameters such as the diameter length of each component and the size of the outlet are reasonably set, so that the difficulty of maintaining vacuum in the ionization region is further reduced, and independent vacuum pumping equipment is easier to omit.
4. In the preferred scheme of the invention, the drift head electrode is in contact with the lamp cap electrode of the ultraviolet lamp, so that the drift head electrode and the lamp cap electrode of the ultraviolet lamp are in the same potential, the generated ions are favorably prevented from being interfered by the voltage of the ultraviolet lamp, the ion transmission efficiency is improved, the setting of a power supply is reduced, and the cost is reduced.
5. In the preferred scheme of the invention, the sample converging and drifting electrode can converge all the gas to be detected sent into the ionization chamber and pass through the effective ionization radius of the ultraviolet lamp, and the design can improve the ionization efficiency by 3-10 times.
Obviously, many modifications, substitutions, and variations are possible in light of the above teachings of the invention, without departing from the basic technical spirit of the invention, as defined by the following claims.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples. This should not be understood as limiting the scope of the above-described subject matter of the present invention to the following examples. All the technologies realized based on the above contents of the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a compact photoionization ion source and an ion transport region vacuum chamber connected to the rear end thereof in embodiment 1;
FIG. 2 is a high sensitivity, full spectrum, on-line detection of a benzene standard sample by the photoionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer of example 2;
FIG. 3 shows the results of the photoionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer of example 2 for the detection of benzene at a concentration of 16.8 ppbv.
The device comprises a capillary tube 1, an ultraviolet lamp 2, a drift head electrode 3, an insulating sealing ring 4, a sample gathering drift electrode 5, a vacuum measurement drift electrode 6, a drift electrode 7, a drift tail electrode 8, an ion transmitter 9, an ion transmission area vacuum cavity 10, a small-hole electrode 11, a molecular pump 12, a vacuum gauge 13, a flow controller 14, a pressure controller 15, a direct current power supply 16, a voltage dividing resistor 17 and a radio frequency power supply 18.
Detailed Description
Embodiment 1 photo-ionization ion source with compact structure
The present embodiment provides a compact photoionization source, as shown in fig. 1, which includes an ultraviolet lamp 2 and an electrode set, in which an insulating sealing ring 4 is disposed between adjacent electrodes, the electrodes in the electrode set are made of stainless steel or other metals, and the insulating sealing ring is made of tetrafluoroethylene or other non-metallic materials. The middle parts of the electrodes in the electrode group are all provided with through hole structures, and the insulating sealing ring 4 and the electrodes in the electrode group jointly form a columnar cavity, namely an ionization region of a sample. The ultraviolet lamp 2 is arranged at one end of the columnar cavity body close to the drift primary electrode 3. The contact parts of the components forming the columnar cavity have air tightness so as to maintain the vacuum degree. The lamp holder electrode of the ultraviolet lamp 2 is installed in contact with the drift head electrode 3, so that the lamp holder electrode and the drift head electrode are in the same potential, generated ions are favorably prevented from being interfered by the voltage of the ultraviolet lamp 2, the ion transmission efficiency is improved, the arrangement of a power supply is reduced, and the cost is reduced.
The electrodes in the electrode group comprise a drift head electrode 3, a convergence drift electrode 5, a vacuum measurement drift electrode 6, a drift electrode 7 and a drift tail electrode 8 which are sequentially arranged. The number of the drift electrodes 7 is 3. A voltage dividing resistor 17 is provided between the electrodes in the electrode group. When the photoionization ion source works, uniform or non-uniform descending voltage is applied from the drift head electrode to the drift tail electrode through two or more direct current power supplies 16, and ion migration power is provided for an ionization region. The applied voltage difference is in the range of 5-500V.
The side of the drift primary electrode 3 is provided with a capillary 1 for sample introduction, the drift primary electrode 3 is provided with a sample introduction hole, and a sample in the capillary 1 is introduced into an ionization region through the hole. The side of the capillary tube 1 is provided with a flow controller and a pressure controller. The flow rate of the sample entering the capillary 1 from the outside and the flow rate of the sample entering the ionization region (namely the ion source sampling pressure) can be simultaneously controlled by the flow controller and the pressure controller, so that the vacuum degree of the ionization region is maintained more easily. Particularly, the flow controller of the embodiment is led out and connected to the side face of the capillary through the bypass, so that the adjustment of the air pressure in the ion source at any time can be completed, and the problem of sample pollution caused by the fact that the flow meter is connected in series on the capillary sampling pipeline can be avoided.
Drift first electrode 3, vacuum measurement drift electrode 6 and the aperture of the through-hole structure of drift electrode 7 is 10mm, the centre bore size of insulating seal ring 4 is 10mm, and the thickness of insulating seal ring 4 is 1mm, the aperture of the through-hole structure of drift tail electrode 8 is 1.5mm, the length of column cavity is 100 mm.
The aperture of the through hole structure of the sample convergence drift electrode 5 is 2mm, and the through hole structure of the sample convergence drift electrode 5 and the light beam of the ultraviolet lamp 2 are coaxially arranged. The sample converging and drifting electrode 5 can converge all the tested gas sent into the ionization chamber and pass through the effective ionization radius of the ultraviolet lamp, and the design can improve the ionization efficiency by 3-10 times.
And a vacuum gauge 13 for detecting the vacuum degree of the columnar cavity is arranged on the side surface of the vacuum measurement drift electrode 6.
The through hole structure of the drift tail electrode 8 is a taper hole, and the thickness of the hole wall near the through hole structure is used. After the sample is ionized in the ionization region, the generated ion beam leaves the ionization region through the through hole structure of the drift tail electrode 8 and enters the equipment connected with the rear end of the photoionization ion source.
Example 2 photo ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer
This example provides a photoionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer whose ion source employs the photoionization ion source of example 1. The photoionization ion source is connected with an ion lens at the rear end, a time-of-flight mass analyzer and the like through an ion transmission area vacuum chamber 10. In the present embodiment, the structures of the ion lens, the time-of-flight mass analyzer, and other devices not specifically described belong to the prior art.
The ion transmission area vacuum cavity 10 is provided with an ion transmitter 9, and the ion transmitter 9 is preferably a quadrupole rod ion transmitter. The rear end of the vacuum cavity 10 of the ion transmission area is provided with a small hole electrode 11 for leading out ion beams, and the small hole electrode 11 is provided with a small hole with the aperture of 1.5 mm.
The vacuum chamber 10 of the ion transmission area of the embodiment is connected with a turbo molecular pump 12 with the pumping speed of 10L/s-300L/s, and the molecular pump 12 can simultaneously maintain the column-shaped chamber of the ionization area and the vacuum degree of the vacuum chamber 10 of the ion transmission area. In this embodiment, the vacuum degree of the cylindrical cavity in the ionization region can be maintained at 800Pa and the vacuum degree of 10 in the vacuum cavity in the ion transmission region can be maintained at 0.05-10Pa, so as to meet the test requirements of various samples.
The results of the tests performed on the benzene standard samples using the photoionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer of this example are shown in fig. 2. Therefore, the method can be used for high-sensitivity, full-spectrum and online detection of the volatile organic compounds. The benzene standard sample containing 16.8ppbv benzene was tested as shown in FIG. 3 and yielded molecular ion peak signal intensity of 171099, noise 31.66, signal to noise ratio 5404, and detection limit of 0.009, indicating that the instrument of this example is capable of achieving high precision.
The invention provides the photoionization ion source which has a compact structure and can share the vacuumizing device with the vacuum cavity of the ion transmission area at the rear end, and the photoionization ion source is applied to the time-of-flight mass spectrometer, so that the structure of the spectrometer can be effectively simplified, the volume of the spectrometer is reduced, the energy consumption of the spectrometer is reduced, the popularization and the use of the time-of-flight mass spectrometer are facilitated, and the photoionization ion source has a good application prospect.

Claims (10)

1. A compact photoionization ion source, comprising: the ultraviolet lamp comprises an ultraviolet lamp (2) and an electrode group which are sequentially arranged, wherein an insulating sealing ring (4) is arranged between adjacent electrodes in the electrode group, the middle parts of the electrodes in the electrode group are provided with through hole structures, and the insulating sealing ring (4) and the electrodes in the electrode group form a columnar cavity together;
the electrode in the electrode group comprises a drift head electrode (3), at least one drift electrode (7) and a drift tail electrode (8) which are sequentially arranged, a capillary tube (1) for sample introduction is arranged on the side face of the drift head electrode (3), and an ultraviolet lamp (2) is arranged at one end, close to the drift head electrode (3), of the columnar cavity.
2. The photoionization ion source of claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises a flow controller (14) and a pressure controller (15), wherein the flow controller (14) and the pressure controller (15) are connected to the capillary tube (1) through a bypass outlet.
3. The photoionization ion source of claim 1, wherein: the aperture of the through hole structure of the drift head electrode (3) and the drift electrode (7) is 1-15 mm, the size of the central hole of the insulating sealing ring (4) is 1-20mm, the aperture of the through hole structure of the drift tail electrode (8) is 0.3-3mm, and the length of the columnar cavity is 30-300 mm.
4. The photoionization ion source of claim 1, wherein: the drift head electrode (3) is in contact with a lamp cap electrode of the ultraviolet lamp (2).
5. The photoionization ion source of claim 1, wherein: the through hole structure of the drift tail electrode (8) is a conical hole.
6. The photoionization ion source of claim 1, wherein: the electrode in the electrode group further comprises a sample convergence drift electrode (5), the convergence drift electrode (5) is located between the drift head electrode (3) and the drift electrode (7), the aperture of the through hole structure of the sample convergence drift electrode (5) is 1mm-3mm, and the through hole structure of the sample convergence drift electrode (5) and the light beam of the ultraviolet lamp (2) are coaxially arranged.
7. The photoionization ion source of claim 1, wherein: the electrodes in the electrode group further comprise a vacuum measurement drifting electrode (6), and a vacuum gauge (13) for detecting the vacuum degree of the columnar cavity is arranged on the side face of the vacuum measurement drifting electrode (6).
8. The photoionization ion source of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: and a voltage division resistor (17) is arranged between the electrodes in the electrode group.
9. A photoionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer, comprising: the ion source of the photoionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer employs the photoionization ion source of any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. The photoionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer of claim 9, wherein: an ion transmission area vacuum cavity (10) is arranged at the rear end of the photoionization ion source, the ion transmission area vacuum cavity (10) is connected with a device for vacuumizing, an ion transmitter (9) is arranged in the ion transmission area vacuum cavity (10), a small hole electrode (11) for leading out an ion beam is arranged at the rear end of the ion transmission area vacuum cavity (10), and a small hole with the aperture of 0.5-2mm is formed in the small hole electrode (11).
CN202111342652.XA 2021-11-12 2021-11-12 Compact structure's photoionization ion source and photoionization time of flight mass spectrograph Pending CN114093748A (en)

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CN202111342652.XA CN114093748A (en) 2021-11-12 2021-11-12 Compact structure's photoionization ion source and photoionization time of flight mass spectrograph
PCT/CN2022/129337 WO2023083082A1 (en) 2021-11-12 2022-11-02 Photoionization ion source having compact structure, and photoionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer

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Cited By (1)

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