CN114093538A - Device and method for measuring and adjusting levelness of top cover of pressure vessel of pressurized water reactor - Google Patents
Device and method for measuring and adjusting levelness of top cover of pressure vessel of pressurized water reactor Download PDFInfo
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- CN114093538A CN114093538A CN202111176233.3A CN202111176233A CN114093538A CN 114093538 A CN114093538 A CN 114093538A CN 202111176233 A CN202111176233 A CN 202111176233A CN 114093538 A CN114093538 A CN 114093538A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
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- G21C17/003—Remote inspection of vessels, e.g. pressure vessels
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Abstract
The invention relates to a levelness measuring and adjusting device for a top cover of a pressure vessel of a pressurized water reactor, which comprises a laser level transmitter (11), a laser receiver (12) and a transmitter support (13); a laser level emitter (11) is arranged on the emitter support (13); the laser receiver (12) is in point contact connection with a measuring point on the sealing surface of the top cover of the pressure vessel of the pressurized water reactor, receives laser emitted by the emitter of the laser level meter (11), and obtains the relative elevation of the measuring point; six measuring points are uniformly distributed on the sealing surface of the top cover of the pressurized water reactor pressure vessel. The device for measuring and adjusting the levelness of the top cover of the pressure vessel of the pressurized water reactor provided by the invention realizes quick and accurate levelness measurement and levelness adjustment and orientation precision of a lifting appliance of the top cover of the pressure vessel of the pressurized water reactor, improves the working efficiency and reduces the working collective dosage under a radiation environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hoisting, assembling and maintaining of a pressure vessel top cover of a pressurized water reactor, in particular to a device and a method for measuring and adjusting levelness of the pressure vessel top cover of the pressurized water reactor.
Background
In a pressurized water reactor nuclear power station, a pressure vessel consists of a cylinder body and a top cover, and bears the pressure of a loop through a flange bolt group pre-tightening structure. The diameter of the cylinder body and the top cover is 4 meters, the sealing performance of a primary circuit pressure boundary is maintained by the close contact of a sealing surface and a sealing ring between the matching flanges, and the sealing ring is arranged in a ring groove on the top cover and protrudes out of the ring groove by 1.3 mm.
When the cylinder is installed, the levelness of the sealing surface is required to meet the requirement, and then the cylinder is fixed during the operation of the unit. The top cap weight is about 100T, need hang when the overhaul of the refuelling and lift off and reinstall the top cap, and the top cap is hoisted and is carried out by utilizing the factory building crane, need guarantee during the hoist and mount that the levelness of the sealed face of top cap satisfies the design requirement 0.25 mm/m. The top cap diameter is 4 meters, and consequently, the levelness deviation of whole top cap sealing face will be less than 1mm to this guarantees top cap and barrel sealing ring and sealed face even contact when the assembly, avoids the sealing ring not by the conquassation or sealed face not by the crushing.
If the levelness deviation exceeds the standard during the top cover hoisting, then when top cover and barrel contact, must be the sealed face of barrel of top cover sealing ring elevation lowest position contact earlier, because weight reason can lead to the sealing ring to be squashed and produce unrecoverable plastic deformation, perhaps the sealed face of barrel destroys plane degree and roughness because local pressurized, finally all can lead to sealed the inefficacy.
Therefore, as a routine maintenance project of the pressure vessel, it is important to periodically measure the levelness when the top surface is suspended after being lifted. The measurement and adjustment work of the levelness of the top cover are carried out in a top cover storage room, and the environmental dosage is 1.5 mSv/h. At present, the work is carried out by adopting a sealed level gauge or a total station, manual reading is needed, repeated multi-point measurement is long in time consumption, and the irradiation dosage of personnel is high.
Simultaneously, the pressure vessel pressurized water reactor pressure vessel top cap is hoisted through the triangle hoist, and the triangle hoist comprises rings, upper pull rod, star type support, lower link, and the both ends of upper and lower pull rod are positive and negative screw thread, can adjust the screw thread segment length of both ends screw in through rotatory pull rod to adjust the length of pull rod, and then the levelness of adjustment top cap. 3 pull rods are mutually and uniformly distributed at 120 degrees and are connected with the top cover, 3 upper pull rods and the horizontal plane form 60 degrees, and the length of the corresponding pull rod is adjusted according to the result of levelness measurement. If the levelness measured value of the section of the top cover is higher, the pull rod of the section is adjusted to be long, and the height of the section is moved downwards. The measurement of the levelness of the top cover of the existing pressure container has certain blindness, and the levelness deviation of 1mm of the top cover with the diameter of 4m is achieved, so that long time is often needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a device and a method for measuring and adjusting the levelness of the top cover of the pressure vessel of the pressurized water reactor, aiming at the problem that the levelness measurement and adjustment of the top cover of the pressure vessel of the pressurized water reactor takes a long time, so that the levelness measurement of a lifting appliance of the top cover of the pressure vessel of the pressurized water reactor is quick and accurate, the levelness adjustment and orientation are accurate, the working efficiency is improved, and the working collective dosage under the radiation environment is reduced.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a device for measuring and adjusting the levelness of a top cover of a pressure vessel of a pressurized water reactor comprises a laser level transmitter, a laser receiver and a transmitter support;
a laser level meter emitter is arranged on the emitter support; one end of a measuring seat of the laser receiver is in point contact connection with a measuring point on a sealing surface of a top cover of the pressurized water reactor pressure vessel, and the other end of the measuring seat of the laser receiver is vertically connected with an induction window of the laser receiver;
the induction window of the laser receiver receives laser emitted by the laser level emitter to obtain the relative elevation of the measuring point, and the relative elevation of the measuring point is displayed on the display screen of the laser receiver;
the measuring points are six and are uniformly distributed on the sealing surface of the top cover of the pressurized water reactor pressure vessel, wherein three measuring points A1, A2 and A3 are respectively arranged on the sealing surface of the top cover of the pressurized water reactor pressure vessel right below the contact position of the lifting lugs of the three upper pull rods and the star-shaped bracket, and the other three measuring points B1, B2 and B3 are respectively arranged on the sealing surface of the top cover of the pressurized water reactor pressure vessel opposite to the three measuring points A1, A2 and A3.
Furthermore, the laser level meter transmitter and the laser receiver form a laser measuring system, the laser level meter transmitter transmits a beam of horizontal laser and rotates at a high speed around the plumb direction to form a horizontal plane, and a laser path is free of shielding.
Further, the laser level transmitter has a self-leveling function.
A method for measuring the levelness of a head of a pressurized water reactor pressure vessel, comprising the steps of:
1. the method comprises the following steps that a transmitter support is erected firmly and installed near a top cover of the pressure vessel of the pressurized water reactor, a laser level transmitter and a laser receiver form a laser measuring system, the laser level transmitter transmits a beam of horizontal laser and rotates at a high speed around a plumb direction to form a horizontal plane, and a laser path is free of shielding; the laser level meter transmitter has a self-leveling function and confirms that the transmitter has adjusted level before measurement;
2. uniformly selecting six measuring points on the sealing surface of the top cover of the pressurized water reactor pressure vessel, wherein three measuring points A1, A2 and A3 are respectively arranged on the sealing surface of the top cover of the pressurized water reactor pressure vessel right below the contact position of the lifting lugs of the three upper pull rods and the star-shaped bracket, and the other three measuring points B1, B2 and B3 are respectively arranged on the sealing surface of the top cover of the pressurized water reactor pressure vessel opposite to the three measuring points A1, A2 and A3;
3. the method comprises the following steps that a laser level transmitter is fixed, measuring seats of a laser receiver are respectively placed at measuring points A1, A2, A3, B1, B2 and B3 on a sealing surface of a top cover of the pressure vessel of the pressurized water reactor, the laser receiver is in handheld contact with the measuring seats firmly, and the sensing window of the laser receiver receives laser transmitted by the laser level transmitter by adjusting the lifting height of the top cover of the pressure vessel of the pressurized water reactor; after the sensing window of the laser receiver receives the laser emitted by the laser level emitter, the display screen of the laser receiver displays the relative elevations HA1, HA2, HA3, HB1, HB2 and HB3 of the measuring points A1, A2, A3, B1, B2 and B3; and the difference between the maximum value of the relative elevations of the measuring points A1, A2, A3, B1, B2 and B3 and the minimum value of the relative elevations is the levelness deviation of the sealing surface of the pressure vessel top cover of the pressurized water reactor.
A method for adjusting the levelness of a head of a pressurized water reactor pressure vessel, comprising the steps of: according to the levelness deviation of the sealing surface of the top cover of the pressure vessel, a measuring point with the maximum difference value of the relative elevation is found, the elevation deviation amount in the diameter direction of the measuring point with the maximum difference value of the relative elevation is calculated, the length adjustment amount and the rotation angle of the upper pull rod are calculated by adopting a structural geometry method, and accurate adjustment is realized.
Further, the method for adjusting the levelness of the top cover of the pressure vessel of the pressurized water reactor specifically comprises the following steps:
1. calculating differences between relative elevations HA1, HA2, HA3, HB1, HB2, HB3 of the measurement points A1, A2, A3, B1, B2 and B3;
2. if the difference between the relative elevations HA1, HA2, HA3, HB1, HB2, HB3 of the measurement points A1, A2, A3, B1, B2 and B3 exceeds 1mm, adjusting the pressurized water reactor pressure vessel top cover sealing surface levelness as follows;
2.1, finding out a measuring point Ai with the maximum relative elevation difference and a relative elevation HAi thereof;
2.2, calculating the elevation difference delta H required to be adjusted for the sealing surface of the top cover of the pressure vessel of the pressurized water reactor according to the relative elevation HAi of the measuring point Ai with the largest difference value of the relative elevations and the relative elevation HBi of the measuring point Bi opposite to the measuring point Ai with the largest difference value of the relative elevations;
2.3, calculating the rotation angle omega of the upper pull rod;
2.4, adjusting the length of the upper pull rod in a rotating way;
2.5, after the length of the pull-up rod is adjusted, measuring the relative elevations of the measuring points A1, A2, A3, B1, B2 and B3 again, and calculating whether the maximum difference value among the relative elevations of the measuring points A1, A2, A3, B1, B2 and B3 exceeds 1mm or not;
2.6, if the maximum difference value between the relative elevations of the measuring points A1, A2, A3, B1, B2 and B3 does not exceed 1mm, finishing the levelness adjustment of the sealing surface of the top cover of the pressure vessel of the pressurized water reactor;
2.7, if the maximum difference value between the relative elevations of the measuring points A1, A2, A3, B1, B2 and B3 exceeds 1mm, repeating the adjusting steps until the levelness requirement of the sealing surface of the top cover of the pressure vessel of the pressurized water reactor is met;
wherein i is 1, 2 or 3.
Further, step 2.1 specifically includes the following steps: according to the relative elevations HA1, HA2 and HA3 of the measurement points A1, A2 and A3, calculating min { | HA1-HA2|, | HA1-HA3|, | HA2-HA3| }, finding out two measurement points with the closest relative elevations in the measurement points A1, A2 and A3, wherein the rest one measurement point is the measurement point Ai with the largest relative elevation difference, and the relative elevation HAi needs to be adjusted.
Further, step 2.2 specifically includes the following steps: according to the relative elevation HAi of the measuring point Ai with the largest difference value of the relative elevations and the relative elevation HBi of the measuring point Bi opposite to the measuring point Ai with the largest difference value of the relative elevations, the elevation difference Delta H to be adjusted of the sealing surface of the top cover of the pressure vessel of the pressurized water reactor is calculated according to the following formula: Δ H ═ HAi-HBi |.
Further, step 2.3 specifically includes the following steps: the rotation angle ω of the upper tie rod is calculated according to the following formula:
in the formula, omega-the angle of the upper pull rod which corresponds to the measurement point Ai and needs to rotate; the sealing surface of the top cover of the pressure vessel of the delta H-pressurized water reactor needs to be adjusted; d, measuring the thread pitches of the two ends of the upper pull rod corresponding to the point Ai; and the included angle between the upper pull rod corresponding to the beta-measuring point Ai and the horizontal plane.
Further, step 2.4 specifically includes the following steps: determining the rotation direction of the rotation angle omega of the upper pull rod according to the size relation between the relative elevation HAi of the measuring point Ai with the maximum relative elevation difference and the relative elevation HBi of the measuring point Bi opposite to the measuring point Ai with the maximum relative elevation difference;
if the relative elevation HAi of the measuring point Ai with the maximum relative elevation difference value is less than the relative elevation HBi of the measuring point Bi opposite to the measuring point Ai with the maximum relative elevation difference value, the relative elevation of the measuring point Ai with the maximum relative elevation difference value is low, the length of the upper pull rod needs to be shortened, and the rotating direction of the rotating angle omega of the upper pull rod is the direction for shortening the upper pull rod;
if the relative elevation HAi of the measuring point Ai with the largest difference value of the relative elevations is larger than the relative elevation HBi of the measuring point Bi opposite to the measuring point Ai with the largest difference value of the relative elevations, the length of the upper pull rod needs to be adjusted, and the rotating direction of the rotating angle omega of the upper pull rod is the direction for adjusting the length of the upper pull rod.
The invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
the device and the method for measuring and adjusting the levelness of the top cover of the pressurized water reactor pressure vessel have the advantages of accurate and quick measurement process, accurate and effective adjustment process and popularization value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a pressurized water reactor pressure vessel head hoist;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a pressurized water reactor pressure vessel head levelness measurement of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged partial schematic view of a pressurized water reactor pressure vessel head levelness measurement of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the configuration of the adjustment apparatus for measuring the levelness of the head of a pressurized water reactor pressure vessel in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a front view of a measurement point;
FIG. 6 is a top view of a measurement point;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the height adjustment calculation geometry.
In the figure, 1, a hanging ring; 2. an upper pull rod; 3. a spider; 4. a lower pull rod; 5. a pressurized water reactor pressure vessel head; 6. a pressurized water reactor pressure vessel head storage seat; 11. a laser level transmitter; 12. a laser receiver; 13. an emitter mount; 14. a laser beam.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the detailed description.
Referring to fig. 1-7, the present invention provides a pressurized water reactor pressure vessel head levelness measuring and adjusting device, comprising a laser level transmitter 11, a laser receiver 12 and a transmitter support 13;
the emitter support 13 is provided with a laser level emitter 11; one end of a measuring seat of the laser receiver 12 is in point contact connection with a measuring point on a sealing surface of a top cover of the pressurized water reactor pressure vessel, and the other end of the measuring seat of the laser receiver is vertically connected with an induction window of the laser receiver 12;
the induction window of the laser receiver 12 receives the laser emitted by the laser level emitter 11 to obtain the relative elevation of the measuring point, and the relative elevation of the measuring point is displayed on the display screen of the laser receiver 12;
the measuring points are six and are uniformly distributed on the sealing surface of the top cover of the pressurized water reactor pressure vessel, wherein three measuring points A1, A2 and A3 are respectively arranged on the sealing surface of the top cover of the pressurized water reactor pressure vessel right below the contact position of the lifting lugs of the three upper pull rods 2 and the star-shaped bracket 3, and the other three measuring points B1, B2 and B3 are respectively arranged on the sealing surface of the top cover of the pressurized water reactor pressure vessel opposite to the three measuring points A1, A2 and A3.
The relative elevation of the measuring point is the elevation of the measuring point from the horizontal plane where the horizontal laser beam of the laser transmitter is located.
Further, the laser level transmitter 11 and the laser receiver 12 form a laser measuring system, and the laser level transmitter is required to transmit 11 a beam of horizontal laser and rotate around the plumb direction at a high speed to form a horizontal plane, and a laser path is not blocked.
Further, the laser level transmitter 11 has a self-leveling function.
The measuring and adjusting device for the levelness of the top cover of the pressurized water reactor pressure vessel of the pressurized water reactor is used for measuring and adjusting the levelness of the top cover of the pressurized water reactor pressure vessel of the pressurized water reactor, and comprises the following steps:
1. the method comprises the following steps of firmly erecting an emitter support 13, installing the emitter support in the vicinity of a pressure vessel top cover 5 of a pressure vessel pressurized water reactor, enabling a laser level emitter 11 to be about 2 meters away from the pressure vessel top cover 5 of the pressure vessel pressurized water reactor, enabling the laser level emitter 11 and a laser receiver 12 to form a laser measuring system, and requiring the laser level emitter 11 to emit a horizontal laser beam and rotate at a high speed around a plumb direction to form a laser scanning plane which is not blocked; the laser level meter transmitter 11 has a self-leveling function, and confirms that the transmitter has adjusted level before measurement;
2. uniformly selecting six measuring points on the sealing surface of the top cover of the pressurized water reactor pressure vessel, wherein three measuring points A1, A2 and A3 are respectively arranged on the sealing surface of the top cover of the pressurized water reactor pressure vessel right below the contact position of the lifting lugs of the three upper pull rods 2 and the star-shaped support 3, and the other three measuring points B1, B2 and B3 are respectively arranged on the sealing surface of the top cover of the pressurized water reactor pressure vessel right below the star-shaped support 3 opposite to the three measuring points A1, A2 and A3;
3. the laser level transmitter 11 is fixed, the measuring seats of the laser receiver 12 are respectively placed on measuring points A1, A2, A3, B1, B2 and B3 on the sealing surface of the top cover of the pressurized water reactor pressure vessel, the laser receiver is in firm contact with hands, and the sensing window of the laser receiver 12 receives laser emitted by the laser level transmitter 11 and is approximately positioned in the middle of the receiving window by adjusting the lifting height of the top cover 5 of the pressurized water reactor pressure vessel, and an up-and-down floating space is formed; after the sensing window of the laser receiver 12 receives the laser emitted by the laser level emitter 11, the display screen of the laser receiver 12 displays the relative elevations HA1, HA2, HA3, HB1, HB2 and HB3 of the measuring points a1, a2, A3, B1, B2 and B3; and the difference between the maximum value of the relative elevations of the measuring points A1, A2, A3, B1, B2 and B3 and the minimum value of the relative elevations is the levelness deviation of the sealing surface of the pressure vessel top cover of the pressurized water reactor.
4. And finding a measuring point Ai with the largest relative elevation difference value according to the levelness deviation of the sealing surface of the top cover of the pressure vessel, calculating the length adjustment amount and the rotation angle omega by adopting a method of structural geometry, and realizing accurate adjustment.
Further, step 4 specifically includes the following steps:
4.1, calculating the difference between the relative elevations HA1, HA2, HA3, HB1, HB2, HB3 of the measurement points A1, A2, A3, B1, B2 and B3;
4.2, if the difference between the relative elevations HA1, HA2, HA3, HB1, HB2, HB3 of the measurement points A1, A2, A3, B1, B2 and B3 exceeds 1mm, adjusting the pressurized water reactor pressure vessel head sealing surface levelness by:
4.2.1, finding out a measuring point Ai with the maximum relative elevation difference and a relative elevation HAi thereof;
4.2.2, calculating the elevation difference delta H required to be adjusted of the sealing surface of the top cover of the pressure vessel of the pressurized water reactor according to the relative elevation HAi of the measuring point Ai with the largest difference value of the relative elevations and the relative elevation HBi of the measuring point Bi opposite to the measuring point Ai with the largest difference value of the relative elevations;
4.2.3, calculating the rotation angle omega of the upper pull rod 2;
4.2.4, the length of the upper pull rod 2 is adjusted in a rotating mode;
4.2.5, after the length adjustment of the upper pull rod 2 is completed, measuring the relative elevations of the measuring points A1, A2, A3, B1, B2 and B3 again, and calculating whether the maximum difference value between the relative elevations of the measuring points A1, A2, A3, B1, B2 and B3 exceeds 1mm or not;
4.2.6, if the maximum difference value between the relative elevations of the measuring points A1, A2, A3, B1, B2 and B3 is not more than 1mm, completing the levelness adjustment of the sealing surface of the top cover of the pressure vessel of the pressurized water reactor;
4.2.7, if the maximum difference value between the relative elevations of the measuring points A1, A2, A3, B1, B2 and B3 exceeds 1mm, repeating the adjusting steps until the levelness requirement of the sealing surface of the top cover of the pressure vessel of the pressurized water reactor is met;
wherein i is 1, 2 or 3.
Further, step 4.2.1 specifically includes the following steps: according to the relative elevations HA1, HA2 and HA3 of the measurement points A1, A2 and A3, calculating min { | HA1-HA2|, | HA1-HA3|, | HA2-HA3| }, finding out two measurement points with the closest relative elevations in the measurement points A1, A2 and A3, wherein the rest one measurement point is the measurement point Ai with the largest relative elevation difference, and the relative elevation HAi needs to be adjusted.
Further, step 4.2.2 specifically includes the following steps: according to the relative elevation HAi of the measuring point Ai with the largest difference value of the relative elevations and the relative elevation HBi of the measuring point Bi opposite to the measuring point Ai with the largest difference value of the relative elevations, the elevation difference Delta H to be adjusted of the sealing surface of the top cover of the pressure vessel of the pressurized water reactor is calculated according to the following formula: Δ H ═ HAi-HBi |.
Further, step 4.2.3 specifically includes the following steps: deducing a calculation formula of the rotation angle omega of the pull rod 2 according to a calculation formula of the elevation difference delta H required to be adjusted on the sealing surface of the top cover of the pressure vessel of the pressurized water reactor:
to obtain:
in the formula, the angle of the upper pull rod 2 which corresponds to the omega-measuring point Ai and needs to be rotated; the sealing surface of the top cover of the pressure vessel of the delta H-pressurized water reactor needs to be adjusted; d, measuring the thread pitches of the two ends of the upper pull rod 2 corresponding to the point Ai; the beta-measuring point Ai corresponds to the included angle between the upper pull rod 2 and the horizontal plane.
Further, step 4.2.4 specifically includes the following steps: determining the rotation direction of the rotation angle omega of the upper pull rod 2 according to the size relation between the relative elevation HAi of the measuring point Ai with the maximum relative elevation difference and the relative elevation HBi of the measuring point Bi opposite to the measuring point Ai with the maximum relative elevation difference;
if the relative elevation HAi of the measuring point Ai with the largest difference value of the relative elevations is less than the relative elevation HBi of the measuring point Bi opposite to the measuring point Ai with the largest difference value of the relative elevations, the length of the upper pull rod 2 needs to be shortened due to the fact that the relative elevation of the measuring point Ai with the largest difference value of the relative elevations is low, and the rotating direction of the rotating angle omega of the upper pull rod 2 is the direction for shortening the upper pull rod 2;
if the relative elevation HAi of the measuring point Ai with the largest difference value of the relative elevations is greater than the relative elevation HBi of the measuring point Bi opposite to the measuring point Ai with the largest difference value of the relative elevations, the relative elevation of the measuring point Ai with the largest difference value of the relative elevations indicates that the length of the upper pull rod 2 needs to be adjusted, and the rotation direction of the rotation angle omega of the upper pull rod 2 is the direction for adjusting the length of the upper pull rod 2.
The invention relates to a device and a method for measuring and adjusting the levelness of a top cover of a pressure vessel of a pressurized water reactor, wherein the levelness of the top cover of the pressure vessel of the pressurized water reactor is measured by adopting a six-point measurement method, and the measurement precision within the range of 10 meters is higher than 0.01 mm; the levelness of the top cover of the pressure vessel of the pressurized water reactor adopts a 'calculation height difference method', and the levelness requirement of 0.25mm/m can be met after 2 times of precise adjustment.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A device for measuring and adjusting the levelness of a top cover of a pressure vessel of a pressurized water reactor is characterized by comprising a laser level transmitter (11), a laser receiver (12) and a transmitter support (13);
a laser level emitter (11) is arranged on the emitter support (13); one end of a measuring seat of the laser receiver (12) is in point contact connection with a measuring point on a sealing surface of a top cover of the pressurized water reactor pressure vessel, and the other end of the measuring seat of the laser receiver is vertically connected with an induction window of the laser receiver (12);
an induction window of the laser receiver (12) receives laser emitted by the laser level emitter (11), relative elevation of a measuring point is obtained, and the relative elevation of the measuring point is displayed on a display screen of the laser receiver (12);
the measuring points are six and are uniformly distributed on the sealing surface of the top cover of the pressurized water reactor pressure vessel, wherein three measuring points A1, A2 and A3 are respectively arranged on the sealing surface of the top cover of the pressurized water reactor pressure vessel right below the contact position of the lifting lugs of the three upper pull rods (2) and the star-shaped bracket (3), and the other three measuring points B1, B2 and B3 are respectively arranged on the sealing surface of the top cover of the pressurized water reactor pressure vessel opposite to the three measuring points A1, A2 and A3.
2. The arrangement for adjusting the levelness of a pressurized-water reactor pressure vessel head according to claim 1, wherein said laser level transmitter (11) and said laser receiver (12) form a laser measuring system, and said laser level transmitter (11) emits a horizontal laser beam and rotates at high speed around the plumb direction to form a horizontal plane without any obstruction in the laser path.
3. The arrangement for adjusting the levelness measurement of a pressurized water reactor pressure vessel head according to claim 1, characterized in that said laser level transmitter (11) has a self-leveling function.
4. A method for measuring the levelness of a head of a pressurized water reactor pressure vessel, comprising the steps of:
step 1, a transmitter support (13) is firmly erected and installed near a pressure vessel top cover (5) of a pressurized water reactor, a laser level transmitter (11) and a laser receiver (12) form a laser measuring system, the laser level transmitter transmits a beam of horizontal laser (11) and rotates at a high speed around a plumb direction to form a horizontal plane, and a laser path is free of shielding; the laser level meter transmitter (11) has a self-leveling function, and the transmitter is confirmed to be leveled before measurement;
step 2, uniformly selecting six measuring points on the sealing surface of the top cover of the pressurized water reactor pressure vessel, wherein three measuring points A1, A2 and A3 are respectively arranged on the sealing surface of the top cover of the pressurized water reactor pressure vessel right below the contact position of the lifting lugs of the three upper pull rods (2) and the star-shaped bracket (3), and the other three measuring points B1, B2 and B3 are respectively arranged on the sealing surface of the top cover of the pressurized water reactor pressure vessel opposite to the three measuring points A1, A2 and A3;
step 3, fixing the laser level transmitter (11) fixedly, respectively placing measuring seats of the laser receiver (12) on measuring points A1, A2, A3, B1, B2 and B3 on a sealing surface of a top cover of the pressurized water reactor pressure vessel, enabling the measuring seats to be in handheld contact with the measuring seats firmly, and enabling an induction window of the laser receiver (12) to receive laser emitted by the laser level transmitter (11) by adjusting the lifting height of the top cover (5) of the pressurized water reactor pressure vessel;
step 4, after the sensing window of the laser receiver (12) receives the laser emitted by the laser level emitter (11), the display screen of the laser receiver (12) displays the relative elevations HA1, HA2, HA3, HB1, HB2 and HB3 of the measuring points A1, A2, A3, B1, B2 and B3; and the difference between the maximum value of the relative elevations of the measuring points A1, A2, A3, B1, B2 and B3 and the minimum value of the relative elevations is the levelness deviation of the sealing surface of the pressure vessel top cover of the pressurized water reactor.
5. A method for adjusting the levelness of a head of a pressurized water reactor pressure vessel, comprising the steps of: the method of claim 4, wherein the levelness deviation of the sealing surface of the top cover of the pressurized water reactor pressure vessel is measured by the method, the measuring point with the largest difference value of the relative elevations is found, the elevation deviation amount in the diameter direction of the measuring point with the largest difference value of the relative elevations is calculated, and the length adjustment amount and the rotation angle of the upper pull rod are calculated by adopting a structural geometry method, so that accurate adjustment is realized.
6. The method of adjusting the levelness of a pressurized water reactor pressure vessel head of claim 5, comprising in particular the steps of:
step 1, calculating the difference value between the relative elevations HA1, HA2, HA3, HB1, HB2 and HB3 of the measurement points A1, A2, A3, B1, B2 and B3;
step 2, if the difference value between the relative elevations HA1, HA2, HA3, HB1, HB2, HB3 of the measuring points A1, A2, A3, B1, B2 and B3 exceeds 1mm, adjusting the sealing surface levelness of the pressure vessel top cover of the pressurized water reactor according to the following steps:
step 2.1, finding out a measuring point Ai with the maximum relative elevation difference value and a relative elevation HAi thereof;
2.2, calculating the elevation difference delta H required to be adjusted of the sealing surface of the top cover of the pressure vessel of the pressurized water reactor according to the relative elevation HAi of the measuring point Ai with the largest difference value of the relative elevations and the relative elevation HBi of the measuring point Bi opposite to the measuring point Ai with the largest difference value of the relative elevations;
step 2.3, calculating a rotation angle omega of the upper pull rod (2);
step 2.4, rotatably adjusting the length of the upper pull rod (2);
step 2.5, after the length adjustment of the upper pull rod (2) is completed, measuring the relative elevations of the measuring points A1, A2, A3, B1, B2 and B3 again, and calculating whether the maximum difference value between the relative elevations of the measuring points A1, A2, A3, B1, B2 and B3 exceeds 1mm or not;
step 2.6, if the maximum difference value between the relative elevations of the measuring points A1, A2, A3, B1, B2 and B3 does not exceed 1mm, finishing the levelness adjustment of the sealing surface of the top cover of the pressure vessel of the pressurized water reactor;
step 2.7, if the maximum difference value between the relative elevations of the measuring points A1, A2, A3, B1, B2 and B3 exceeds 1mm, repeating the adjusting step until the levelness requirement of the sealing surface of the top cover of the pressure vessel of the pressurized water reactor is met;
wherein i is 1, 2 or 3.
7. The method of adjusting the levelness of the head of a pressurized water reactor pressure vessel according to claim 6, wherein step 2.1 comprises in particular the steps of: according to the relative elevations HA1, HA2 and HA3 of the measurement points A1, A2 and A3, calculating min { | HA1-HA2|, | HA1-HA3|, | HA2-HA3| }, finding out two measurement points with the closest relative elevations in the measurement points A1, A2 and A3, wherein the rest one measurement point is the measurement point Ai with the largest relative elevation difference, and the relative elevation HAi needs to be adjusted.
8. The method of adjusting the levelness of the head of a pressurized water reactor pressure vessel according to claim 6, wherein step 2.2 comprises in particular the steps of: according to the relative elevation HAi of the measuring point Ai with the largest difference value of the relative elevations and the relative elevation HBi of the measuring point Bi opposite to the measuring point Ai with the largest difference value of the relative elevations, the elevation difference Delta H to be adjusted of the sealing surface of the top cover of the pressure vessel of the pressurized water reactor is calculated according to the following formula: Δ H ═ HAi-HBi |.
9. The method of adjusting the levelness of the head of a pressurized water reactor pressure vessel according to claim 6, wherein step 2.3 specifically comprises the steps of: the rotation angle ω of the upper tie rod (2) is calculated according to the following formula:
in the formula, omega-the angle of rotation of the upper pull rod (2) corresponding to the measuring point Ai; delta H-the elevation difference of the pressure vessel top cover (5) of the pressurized water reactor to be adjusted; d, measuring the thread pitches of the two ends of the upper pull rod (2) corresponding to the point Ai; the beta-measuring point Ai corresponds to the included angle between the upper pull rod (2) and the horizontal plane.
10. The method of adjusting the levelness of the head of a pressurized water reactor pressure vessel according to claim 6, wherein step 2.4 specifically comprises the steps of: determining the rotation direction of the rotation angle omega of the upper pull rod (2) according to the size relation between the relative elevation HAi of the measuring point Ai with the maximum relative elevation difference and the relative elevation HBi of the measuring point Bi opposite to the measuring point Ai with the maximum relative elevation difference;
if the relative elevation HAi of the measuring point Ai with the largest relative elevation difference is less than the relative elevation HBi of the measuring point Bi opposite to the measuring point Ai with the largest relative elevation difference, the length of the upper pull rod (2) is shortened, and the rotating direction of the rotating angle omega of the upper pull rod (2) is the direction for shortening the upper pull rod (2);
and if the relative elevation HAi of the measuring point Ai with the largest relative elevation difference is larger than the relative elevation HBi of the measuring point Bi opposite to the measuring point Ai with the largest relative elevation difference, the length of the upper pull rod (2) is adjusted to be long, and the rotating direction of the rotating angle omega of the upper pull rod (2) is the direction for adjusting the length of the upper pull rod (2).
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