CN114089349A - Displacement detection method and device and point switch - Google Patents

Displacement detection method and device and point switch Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114089349A
CN114089349A CN202111367787.1A CN202111367787A CN114089349A CN 114089349 A CN114089349 A CN 114089349A CN 202111367787 A CN202111367787 A CN 202111367787A CN 114089349 A CN114089349 A CN 114089349A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
displacement
rod
traction rod
target
time
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Pending
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CN202111367787.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李鲲鹏
高翔宇
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Beijing Haopeng Intelligent Technology Co ltd
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Beijing Haopeng Intelligent Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202111367787.1A priority Critical patent/CN114089349A/en
Publication of CN114089349A publication Critical patent/CN114089349A/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
    • G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
    • G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
    • G01S17/08—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
    • G01S7/481—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements

Abstract

The application provides a displacement detection method, a displacement detection device and a point switch. The point switch comprises a representation rod, an action rod, a displacement detection device and a box body, wherein the displacement detection device is arranged on one side of the box body, which is far away from a movable rail of a turnout, and surrounds one end of a traction rod, and is used for detecting a target displacement measurement value of the traction rod and inputting the target displacement measurement value into a target algorithm model to obtain a target displacement actual value of the traction rod; the box body is arranged on one side far away from the movable rail, and a control device in the box body controls the displacement of the traction rod. The point switch starts from a displacement detection device and a target algorithm model, realizes more efficient and lower-cost detection of the displacement of the indication rod/action rod, and is easy to operate in field layout and less influenced by field conditions.

Description

Displacement detection method and device and point switch
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of detection technologies, and in particular, to a displacement detection method and apparatus, and a switch machine.
Background
The point switch is used as a traction device of a movable rail of a railway turnout, is an important infrastructure in a railway signal system, can lock the turnout at a specified position when a turnout switch rail and a stock rail are closely fit with a standard, and can reflect the position state of the turnout, wherein the notch deviation (the displacement of a display rod/an action rod in the point switch) of the point switch in the process of operating the turnout is reasonably detected, and is extremely important for the safety of railway operation.
In the prior art, aiming at the notch offset of the switch machine, in recent years, a marking is respectively fixed on a display rod and a switch machine box body, images of two markings are shot by a camera, and then the deviation value of the marking on the display rod and a reference marking on the switch machine box body is obtained through image processing, namely the notch offset value is obtained.
However, in practical use, the method of detecting with a camera, transmitting and processing image data is costly, and has limited field conditions and high implementation difficulty.
Disclosure of Invention
Embodiments of the present application provide a displacement detection method, a displacement detection device, and a switch machine, which can solve the problem of measuring the displacement of a display rod/an action rod with low cost and high efficiency.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a switch machine, including: a display rod, an action rod, a displacement detection device and a box body;
the displacement detection device is arranged on one side of the box body, which is far away from the movable rail of the turnout, and surrounds one end of a traction rod, and is used for detecting a target displacement measurement value of the traction rod and inputting the target displacement measurement value into a target algorithm model to obtain a target displacement actual value of the traction rod, wherein the target algorithm model is determined according to the displacement actual value and the displacement measurement value of the traction rod, and the traction rod is one of the representation rod and the action rod;
one end of the traction rod penetrates through the box body, and the other end of the traction rod is connected with the movable rail and extends out of the box body;
the box body is arranged on one side far away from the movable rail, and a control device in the box body controls the displacement of the traction rod.
In a possible design of the first aspect, the displacement detecting device includes: at least two mutually isolated cylindrical cavities which are through along the axial direction and a displacement sensor mounting device;
one end of the cylindrical cavity is connected with the box body, the other end of the cylindrical cavity is connected with the displacement sensor mounting device, and the cylindrical cavity is used for protecting the traction rod and isolating the traction rod and a displacement sensor cable;
the displacement sensor mounting device is of a semi-closed cavity structure, and the open end of the displacement sensor mounting device is connected with the other end of the cylindrical cavity;
and a displacement sensor in the displacement sensor mounting device is fixed in a cavity of the displacement sensor mounting device and is opposite to one end of the traction rod, and the displacement sensor is used for transmitting laser to the traction rod and receiving the laser reflected by the traction rod so as to determine a target displacement measurement value of the traction rod.
In another possible design of the first aspect, the displacement sensor includes: a receiving element and a transmitting element;
the transmitting element is used for transmitting laser to one end of the traction rod, and the receiving element is used for receiving the reflected laser at one end of the traction rod;
the displacement sensor mounting device is used for determining a target displacement measurement value of the traction rod according to the time corresponding to the emitted laser and the time corresponding to the reflected laser.
In yet another possible design of the first aspect, the displacement detecting device further includes: a protective cover covering the cylindrical cavity;
one end of the protective cover is connected with the box body, and the other end of the protective cover is connected with the displacement sensor mounting device and used for protecting the cylindrical cavity.
In still another possible design of the first aspect, the displacement detecting device further includes: a heating plate;
the heating plate is attached to one end, far away from the traction rod, of the displacement sensor and used for maintaining the working temperature of the displacement sensor.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a displacement detection method applied to a switch machine, where the switch machine includes: a presentation stick and an action stick, the method comprising:
acquiring a first time and a second time, wherein the first time is a time when a displacement sensor in the switch machine sends laser to a traction rod, the second time is a time when the displacement sensor receives reflected laser of the traction rod, and the traction rod is one of the indication rod or the action rod;
determining a target displacement measurement value of the traction rod according to the first time, the second time and the laser speed;
and inputting the target displacement measurement value into a target algorithm model to obtain a target displacement actual value of the traction rod, wherein the target algorithm model is determined according to the displacement actual value and the displacement measurement value of the traction rod.
In one possible design of the second aspect, before the obtaining the first time and the second time, the method further includes:
acquiring an actual displacement value and a measured displacement value of the traction rod, wherein the actual displacement value is the actual displacement of the traction rod, and the measured displacement value is the displacement of the traction rod measured by the displacement sensor;
inputting the actual displacement value and the measured displacement value into a polynomial algorithm model to obtain coefficients of the polynomial algorithm model;
and determining the target algorithm model according to the polynomial algorithm model and the coefficients.
In another possible design of the second aspect, the method further includes:
and if the actual value of the target displacement is larger than a preset threshold value, sending warning information to a user.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a displacement detecting device applied to a switch machine, where the switch machine includes: a presentation lever and an action lever, the apparatus comprising: the device comprises an acquisition module, a determination module and a processing module;
the acquisition module is used for acquiring first time and second time, wherein the first time is the time when a displacement sensor in the switch machine sends laser to a traction rod, the second time is the time when the displacement sensor receives reflected laser of the traction rod, and the traction rod is one of the indication rod or the action rod;
the determining module is used for determining a target displacement measurement value of the traction rod according to the first time, the second time and the laser speed;
the processing module is used for inputting the target displacement measurement value into a target algorithm model to obtain a target displacement actual value of the traction rod, and the target algorithm model is determined according to the displacement actual value and the displacement measurement value of the traction rod.
In a possible design of the third aspect, the obtaining module is further configured to obtain an actual displacement value and a measured displacement value of the drawbar, where the actual displacement value is an actual displacement of the drawbar, and the measured displacement value is a displacement of the drawbar measured by the displacement sensor;
the processing module is further configured to input the actual displacement value and the measured displacement value into a polynomial algorithm model to obtain coefficients of the polynomial algorithm model;
the determining module is further configured to determine the target algorithm model according to the polynomial algorithm model and the coefficients.
In another possible design of the third aspect, the apparatus further includes: a sending module;
and the sending module is also used for sending warning information to a user when the actual value of the target displacement is greater than a preset threshold value.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a switch machine, including: a processor, a memory;
the memory stores computer-executable instructions;
the processor executes the computer-executable instructions so that the switch machine performs the displacement detection method as described in the second aspect and various possible designs above.
In a fifth aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a computer-readable storage medium, in which computer-executable instructions are stored, and when the computer-executable instructions are executed by a processor, the computer-readable storage medium is configured to implement the displacement detection method as described in the first aspect and various possible designs.
In a sixth aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a computer program product, which includes a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer program is used to implement the displacement detection method as described in the second aspect and various possible designs.
The embodiment of the application provides a displacement detection method and device and a point switch. The switch machine comprises: the device comprises a representation rod, an action rod, a displacement detection device and a box body, wherein the displacement detection device is arranged on one side of the box body, which is far away from a movable rail of a turnout, and surrounds one end of a traction rod, and is used for detecting a target displacement measurement value of the traction rod and inputting the target displacement measurement value into a target algorithm model to obtain a target displacement actual value of the traction rod, the target algorithm model is determined according to the displacement actual value and the displacement measurement value of the traction rod, and the traction rod is one of the representation rod and the action rod; one end of the draw bar penetrates through the box body, and the other end of the draw bar is connected with the movable rail and extends out of the box body; the box body is arranged on one side far away from the movable rail, and a control device in the box body controls the displacement of the traction rod. The point switch starts from a displacement detection device and a target algorithm model, realizes more efficient and lower-cost detection of the displacement of the indication rod/action rod, and is easy to operate in field layout and less influenced by field conditions.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.
Fig. 1 is a first schematic structural diagram of a switch machine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a switch machine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a switch machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a switch machine according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a displacement detection method according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 6 is a schematic flowchart of a second embodiment of a displacement detection method according to the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a displacement detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a switch machine according to an embodiment of the present application.
With the foregoing drawings in mind, certain embodiments of the disclosure have been shown and described in more detail below. These drawings and written description are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosed concepts in any way, but rather to illustrate the concepts of the disclosure to those skilled in the art by reference to specific embodiments.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the exemplary embodiments below are not intended to represent all implementations consistent with the present disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present disclosure, as detailed in the appended claims.
Before introducing the embodiments of the present application, the background of the present application is explained first:
the prior point switch is used as traction equipment of a movable rail of a railway turnout and is an important infrastructure in a railway signal system; when the switch tongue and the stock rail are in close contact with each other, the device can lock the switch at a specified position and reflect the position state of the switch. The point switch has the functions of switching, locking and showing the state of the turnout. Switch machines can be divided into two main categories, electrically driven and hydraulically driven, among which electric switch machines include direct current switch machines and alternating current switch machines.
Because the requirements on the safety and the reliability of railway transportation are continuously improved, the dynamic monitoring must be implemented on the condition of the accelerated turnout, and the running state of the point switch is monitored in real time to ensure the running safety of the train. However, at present, no practical device is used for the on-line automatic monitoring of the action stroke of the switch machine, and the notch displacement detection is generally used.
The switch machine indication rod gap real-time online monitoring system mainly can implement high-precision online monitoring on the running state of a switch machine in the process of acting a turnout, timely finds the change condition of the action position of the switch machine in running, and sends alarm information under the condition that the gap deviation exceeds a set threshold value, so that maintenance personnel can timely adjust and process the gap deviation.
The existing switch machine monitoring method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of a bead-collision and microswitch mode, a Hall displacement sensor method, an image-based monitoring method, an inductance displacement sensor monitoring method and a magnetic grid ruler-based displacement sensor method, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
1. the mode of ball-touch and micro-switch is that a conductive contact sensor is arranged on an inspection column or an indication rod, when the gap between the inspection column and an indication notch is smaller than a set value, the micro-switch (sensor) outputs an alarm, and the mode is convenient to install, simple, practical, stable and reliable, has no relation with environments such as temperature, humidity and the like, can be maintenance-free, but can only qualitatively detect the state of the indication notch of a switch machine, and cannot realize quantitative measurement of notch offset.
The method for monitoring the indicating notch of the switch machine mainly carries out qualitative measurement, cannot carry out quantitative analysis on the indicating notch, and most monitoring methods are in contact type, and different monitoring sensors are required to be provided for different switch machines. The existing mechanical structure has higher sensitivity to environmental vibration, and the mode is basically eliminated at present due to low precision and poor durability.
2. The Hall displacement sensor method is a method for measuring and representing the displacement of a rod by adopting a Hall stay wire displacement sensor, and the Hall linear displacement sensor mainly comprises a gradient magnetic field consisting of two semi-annular magnetic steels and a germanium material semiconductor Hall piece device positioned in the center of the magnetic field. When the Hall element moves in the gradient magnetic field, Hall potential relative to displacement is output, and the static displacement of the Hall element can be known by measuring the magnitude of the Hall potential. The method has the advantages of high measurement precision and capability of quantitatively detecting the state of the turnout indication notch, but the method has relatively high cost, the position of the magnetic steel and the temperature and humidity change have certain influence on indexes, and the method needs regular maintenance and is difficult to install.
3. The monitoring method based on the image is that image information is acquired for the position mark line of the indicating rod through image acquisition equipment, and the acquired image data is processed through an image processing and recognition algorithm, so that the position change data of the gap of the switch machine to be detected is indirectly obtained.
The video monitoring method is a method which is adopted in recent years, and the method is characterized in that a marking is respectively fixed on a display rod and a switch machine box body, a camera is adopted to shoot images of two markings, then the shot images are uploaded to an indoor computer through a Controller Area Network (CAN) bus established on a signal cable for analysis and processing, and a deviation value of the marking on the display rod and a reference marking on the switch machine box body is obtained, namely, a notch deviation value is indirectly obtained. The main disadvantages of this approach are: the data transmission quantity between the detection center and the switch machine is large, and the investment cost is high. In the video mode, images are uploaded indoors, so that network communication pressure is high, and an optical cable is often required to be laid for data communication. Due to the limitations of cost and field conditions, currently installed video monitoring systems do not completely adopt optical fiber transmission, and if the adopted cable is used for transmitting video signals, the transmission distance and the bandwidth are limited. The video mode adopts a camera to shoot images to measure deviation, the quality of an optical system of the camera directly influences the measurement precision, and at present, due to the limitation of the operation capacity of the front end of the camera, the measurement mode of an absolute reference is adopted, so that accurate measurement cannot be carried out when the problems of lens defocusing, dust covering and the like occur, and the false alarm rate is high. The absolute reference measurement mode adopted by the existing system needs to make the marking on the standby indicating rod in advance and then replace the marking on the site, so that the problems of difficult installation of system hardware, long time consumption, influence on driving and the like can be caused, the construction cost is extremely high, and the popularization is not facilitated.
4. The grating ruler displacement sensor method specifically comprises a grating ruler and a sensing head, wherein the grating ruler is fixed on a box body of a point switch through a corresponding mounting device and is parallel to a presentation rod, the sensing head is fixed on the presentation rod through a corresponding mounting device, and when the presentation rod moves, the sensing head fixed on the presentation rod reads the displacement of the grating ruler, so that the displacement of the presentation rod is obtained.
The displacement of the indicating rod relative to the box body is measured by adopting a grating ruler method, and the method has the advantages of large detection range, high detection precision and high response speed, but because the grating ruler is arranged in the box body of the point switch, the surface of the grating ruler and the surface of the indicating grating are influenced by splashing lubricating oil of a motor and a gear, the line pattern distribution of the grating ruler is damaged, and measurement errors are caused, the grating ruler is cleaned by ethanol mixed liquor (50 percent of each) at regular intervals, the surface of the glass grating is kept clean, and the maintenance workload is large, so the scheme is not applied in large scale in practice.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical conception process of the inventor is as follows: the displacement measurement aiming at the indication rod/action rod in the prior art is realized through a camera, namely, marking lines are required to be arranged on the indication rod/action rod and a switch machine box body, the camera is required to be arranged at the position capable of shooting the marking lines, if the displacement of the indication rod/action rod is only detected through a sensor, the displacement of the indication rod/action rod can be directly determined, if the detection can be disassembled, the installation is also convenient, and the complicated installation and realization in the prior art can be avoided.
The technical solution of the present application will be described in detail by specific examples. It should be noted that the following specific embodiments may be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described in detail in some embodiments. Embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a switch machine according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the switch machine includes: a display lever 11, an operation lever 12, a displacement detection device 13, and a case 14.
In the embodiment of the present application, the displacement detecting device 13 is exemplified to be mounted on a drawbar, specifically, the drawbar is one of the indication rod 11 and the action rod 12, and the indication rod 11 is exemplified as the drawbar, and similarly, in other embodiments, the action rod 12 may be a drawbar, that is, the displacement detecting device 13 surrounds the action rod 12.
Specifically, the indication rod 11 and the operation rod 12 are both connected to the movable rail at a side of the movable rail away from the switch point, the movable rail is connected to the stock rail, and when the movable rail moves by the switch machine, the indication rod 11 and the operation rod 12 move simultaneously, and therefore, when the notch deviation is detected, the displacement detection device 13 may be added to either the indication rod 11 or the operation rod 12.
Optionally, the displacement detecting device 13 is installed on a side of the box 14 away from the movable rail of the switch, and surrounds one end of the drawbar (representing rod 11), and is configured to detect a target displacement measurement value representing the rod 11, and input the target displacement measurement value into the target algorithm model, so as to obtain a target displacement actual value representing the rod 11.
Specifically, the displacement detection device 13 may be installed on the side of the movable rail of the box 14 away from the switch by drilling a hole in the box 14 and fixing the movable rail with a screw or a bolt, or by fixing the movable rail with a detachable bolt, clip, wrench, or the like on the box 14 and the displacement detection device 13, so as to facilitate subsequent maintenance of the displacement detection device 13.
Wherein the target algorithm model is determined according to the displacement actual value and the displacement measured value of the drawbar, and the step can be realized by referring to the specific disclosure of the following method embodiment.
Optionally, one end of the drawbar extends through the housing 14 and the other end of the drawbar is connected to the movable rail and extends out of the housing 14.
Specifically, this mode is mainly for facilitating the displacement detection of the indication rod 11 protruding from the case 14 by the displacement detection means 13.
Alternatively, the housing 14 is arranged on the side remote from the movable rail, and a control device inside the housing 14 controls the displacement of the drawbar.
In one possible implementation, when a change to another track is required while a vehicle such as a train is running on the rails, the control device inside the casing 14 controls the indication rod 11 and the actuating rod 12 to move the other end of the movable rail to another stock rail after the switch machine receives a change command.
The switch machine comprises a indicating rod, an action rod, a displacement detection device and a box body, wherein the displacement detection device is arranged on one side of the box body, which is far away from a movable rail of a turnout, and surrounds one end of a traction rod, and is used for detecting a target displacement measurement value of the traction rod and inputting the target displacement measurement value into a target algorithm model to obtain a target displacement actual value of the traction rod; the box body is arranged on one side far away from the movable rail, and a control device in the box body controls the displacement of the traction rod. The point switch starts from a displacement detection device and a target algorithm model, realizes more efficient and lower-cost detection of the displacement of the indication rod/action rod, and is easy to operate in field layout and less influenced by field conditions.
On the basis of the above embodiment, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a switch machine according to an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 2, the displacement detecting device 13 includes: at least two cylinder-type cavities 131 which are isolated from each other and are axially through, and a displacement sensor mounting device 132.
Alternatively, one end of the cylindrical chamber 131 is connected to the housing 14, and the other end of the cylindrical chamber 131 is connected to the displacement sensor mounting device 132.
Specifically, as can be seen from fig. 2: the cylindrical cavity 131 is used to protect and isolate the tow bar from the displacement sensor cable and to support the displacement sensor mounting device 132, it being understood that a protective cover may also be provided over the displacement sensor mounting device 132 to protect the displacement sensor mounting device 132.
In addition, the displacement sensor mounting device 132 is a semi-closed cavity structure, the open end of the displacement sensor mounting device 132 is connected with the other end of the cylindrical cavity 131, and a displacement sensor 1321 in the displacement sensor mounting device 132 is fixed inside the cavity of the displacement sensor mounting device 132 and is opposite to one end of the traction rod, and is used for transmitting laser to the traction rod and receiving the laser reflected by the traction rod so as to determine a target displacement measurement value of the traction rod.
Further, the displacement sensor 1321 includes: a receiving element and a transmitting element;
the transmitting element is used for transmitting laser to one end of the traction rod, and the receiving element is used for receiving the reflected laser at one end of the traction rod;
the displacement sensor mounting device 132 is configured to determine a target displacement measurement value of the drawbar according to a time corresponding to the emitted laser light and a time corresponding to the reflected laser light.
As an example, a switch machine is installed with a laser displacement sensor 1321, which is a displacement sensor for measuring distance based on the principle of laser echo analysis, so-called pulse time method, and the displacement sensor 1321 is internally composed of a laser transmitter (transmitting element), a laser receiver (receiving element), a processor unit, an echo processing unit, and the like. The displacement sensor 1321 emits one million laser pulses per second by means of a laser transmitter to the presentation rod 11 and back to the receiver, and the processor calculates the time required for the laser pulses to encounter the presentation rod 11 and return to the receiver, thereby calculating a distance value, which is an average output of thousands of measurements.
The displacement sensor 1321 is fixed to the end of the multi-chamber cover tube of the indication rod 11 away from the box 14 of the switch machine by the displacement sensor mounting device 132, the emission and reception surface faces the action rod 12, the ray axis thereof is parallel to the indication rod 11, the laser emitting device emits laser light to indicate the tail section of the rod 11, the laser receiving device receives the laser light reflected by the tail section of the rod 11, the propagation time of the laser light is obtained from the difference between the emission time and the reception time of the laser light, and the displacement of the indication rod 11 is obtained by obtaining the distance from the tail section of the action rod 12 to the displacement sensor 1321 from the propagation time and the speed of the laser light.
In the installation mode, the displacement sensor 1321 is firstly fixed with the installation support of the displacement sensor 1321 by screws, then is fixed on the installation base by screws, finally the installation base is connected to one end of the multi-cavity cover cylinder, which is far away from the box body 14 of the switch machine, by any mode of bolts/clamps/buckles/clamping sleeves/pulling handles and the like, the sensor cable goes deep into the interior of the switch machine from the cable cavity of the multi-cavity cover cylinder, after the displacement sensor 1321 is installed and fixed, the detection center number is calibrated (recorded), designed displacement detection can be carried out, and the variation of the detected displacement relative to the calibration center number is output.
Therefore, the displacement detection device 13 further includes: and a protective cover 1311 covering the cylindrical chamber 131, one end of the protective cover 1311 being connected to the case 14, and the other end of the protective cover 1311 being connected to the displacement sensor mounting device 132 for protecting the cylindrical chamber 131.
Illustratively, for ease of installation and removal, the protective cover 1311 may comprise two parts (a head section and a middle section), the head section having one end connected to the switch machine casing 14 and the other end connected to the middle section by a clip, the middle section of the protective cover 1311 having one end connected to the head section by a clip and the other end connected to the displacement sensor mounting device 132.
It should be understood that a protective cover 1311 may be mounted on the exposed portions of the indication rod 11 and the actuating rod 12 to prevent rain and dust from entering the interior of the switch machine and causing damage to the switch machine, and in particular the protective cover 1311 contains a cavity 131, a cable cavity, etc. that is axially through.
In addition, when training the target algorithm model, a heat patch is provided in the displacement detection device 13.
Specifically, the heating sheet is attached to an end of the displacement sensor 1321 away from the drawbar for maintaining an operating temperature of the displacement sensor 1321, so as to make the measurement more accurate, where the operating temperature may be an optimal temperature for maintaining the operation of the displacement sensor 1321.
As a possible implementation, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a switch machine provided in an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 3 and referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, a traction rod is a representation rod 11, a displacement detection device 13 is mounted on the representation rod 11, a protection cover 1311 is mounted on the action rod 12, and the detailed composition of the displacement detection device 13 is as described above.
That is, the rod 11 is a draw bar, and the guard cover 1311 protects the operating rod 12 from rain and dust entering the inside of the switch machine.
As another possible implementation, fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a switch machine provided in an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 4, referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, where the draw bar is an action bar 12, a displacement detection device 13 is mounted on the action bar 12, a protective cover 1311 is mounted on the indication bar 11, and the displacement detection device 13 is composed in detail as shown above.
That is, the operation rod 12 is provided on the drawbar, and the protection cover 1311 protects the indication rod 11 from rainwater and dust entering the inside of the switch machine.
In the goat that this application provided, displacement detection device includes: the device comprises at least two cylindrical cavities which are mutually isolated and are permeable along the axial direction, a displacement sensor mounting device, a protective cover for covering the cylindrical cavities and a heating sheet, wherein one end of each cylindrical cavity is connected with a box body, the other end of each cylindrical cavity is connected with the displacement sensor mounting device, the cylindrical cavities are used for protecting a traction rod, the displacement sensor mounting devices are of semi-closed cavity structures, the open ends of the displacement sensor mounting devices are connected with the other ends of the cylindrical cavities, a displacement sensor in the displacement sensor mounting device is fixed in the cavity of the displacement sensor mounting device and is opposite to one end of the traction rod, and the displacement sensor mounting device is used for transmitting laser to the traction rod and receiving laser reflected by the traction rod so as to determine a target displacement measurement value of the traction rod. In the point switch, the movement test distance of the traction rod is measured through the displacement sensor, and before the movement test distance is measured, the working temperature of the displacement sensor is maintained through the heating plate, so that the actual movement distance of the traction rod can be obtained more accurately, and the measurement precision is improved.
On the basis of the structural embodiment of the switch machine, the present application provides a displacement detection method applied to the switch machine, the switch machine including: showing a rod and an action rod, fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a first embodiment of a displacement detection method provided in the embodiments of the present application. As shown in fig. 5, the displacement detection method includes the steps of:
step 51, obtaining a first time and a second time.
The first time is the time when the displacement sensor in the switch machine sends laser to the traction rod, and the second time is the time when the displacement sensor receives the reflected laser of the traction rod.
It should be understood that a drawbar is one of the term lever and action lever.
In this step, in combination with the structure of the switch machine described above, in order to accurately monitor the displacement of the indicating rod/actuating rod, the switch machine according to the present embodiment is equipped with a laser displacement sensor based on the principle of optical triangulation distance measurement, the laser displacement sensor emits laser light by a Semiconductor laser, the laser light is focused by a lens and then enters the surface of the pulling rod at a certain angle to the normal direction of the side surface, the laser light is focused by the lens onto the pulling rod, the reflected light is collected by the lens and projected onto a Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) array of the sensor, and then a signal processor calculates the position of a light spot on the array by a trigonometric function to obtain the distance from the pulling rod.
Optionally, that is, the displacement sensor in the embodiment of the present application may be a laser displacement sensor, and is fixed to one end, away from the switch machine box, of the multi-cavity protection cover barrel of the drawbar through a displacement sensor mounting device, a transmitting and receiving surface of the multi-cavity protection cover barrel faces the drawbar, an optical axis of the multi-cavity protection cover barrel forms an included angle with the drawbar, a laser transmitting device transmits laser radiation to indicate a section of the tail of the drawbar, a laser receiving device receives laser reflected by the section of the tail of the drawbar, and propagation time of the laser is obtained according to a difference between laser transmitting time (i.e., a first time) and receiving time (i.e., a second time).
In one possible implementation, the time for the displacement sensor to send the laser light to the drawbar is 0.001ms and the time for receiving the reflected laser light from the drawbar is 0.0015ms during one laser shot and return, and the propagation time may be 0.0005 ms.
Optionally, the main measurement parameters of the displacement sensor include:
firstly, the action stroke monitoring of the switch machine. The range of the monitoring action stroke is 0-300 mm. The displacement of the indicating rod at the set moment is automatically monitored, and the data is counted, analyzed and recorded, so that the method is necessary for evaluating and predicting the state of the point switch, diagnosing the fault of the point switch, improving the quality and the application quality of the point switch equipment and ensuring the close contact of turnouts.
And secondly, monitoring the displacement between the notch of the point switch and the locking block. The detection precision is higher than 0.01mm and can reach 0.001mm at most, and the detection precision reflects the close contact degree of the switch blade and the stock rail. Taking the gap between the locking column and the notch of the locking rod of a certain switch machine as (2 ± 0.5mm) as an example, when the gap exceeds the above range, the gap needs to be adjusted in time by maintenance personnel.
And step 52, determining a target displacement measurement value of the traction rod according to the first time, the second time and the laser speed.
In the step, according to the time for sending the laser and the time for receiving the reflected laser, the time difference between the time for sending the laser and the time for receiving the reflected laser by the displacement sensor is determined, the difference value is the product of the laser propagation time and the laser propagation speed, and the indication can be related to the path between the sensor to be displaced and the traction rod, so that the target displacement measurement value of the traction rod is obtained.
Optionally, the measurement value obtained in this step is a distance from the displacement sensor to the drawbar, the distance is a target displacement measurement value, that is, there is an influence of a measurement error, and the distance cannot be used as an actual displacement value, and the target displacement actual value may be obtained only by performing the following correction of a target algorithm model.
And 53, inputting the target displacement measurement value into a target algorithm model to obtain a target displacement actual value of the traction rod.
The target algorithm model is determined according to the displacement actual value and the displacement measured value of a traction rod, and the traction rod is one of a representation rod and an action rod. When the traction rod is a representation rod, the traction rod in the method of the embodiment of the application is replaced by the representation rod; when the draw bar is an action bar, the draw bar in the method of the embodiment of the application is replaced by the action bar.
In this step, the target algorithm model may be considered as a variable as a displacement measurement value, a certain coefficient is provided in front of the variable, or a corresponding constant term is provided, and the target displacement measurement value is input into the target algorithm model, so that a target displacement actual value of the drawbar, that is, a target displacement actual value representing the rod/action rod to the displacement sensor, may be obtained.
As an example, laser light of a displacement sensor is focused by a converging lens and then is perpendicularly incident on the cross section of the indicating rod, and the indicating rod moves to cause an incident point to move along an incident optical axis. The receive lens receives the reflected light from the point of incidence and images it onto the sensitive surface of a spot position detector, such as a Charge-coupled Device (CCD).
Let the displacement of the light spot on the imaging plane be x1The measured displacement is then:
Figure BDA0003361278750000131
where a is the distance from the intersection of the laser beam optical axis and the receiving optical axis to the front principal surface of the receiving lens, b is the distance from the rear principal surface of the receiving lens to the center of the image plane, and θ1Is the angle between the optical axis of the laser beam and the optical axis of the receiver, theta2Is the angle between the detector and the optical axis of the receiving lens.
And then inputting the detected displacement measurement value representing the rod/action rod to the displacement sensor into a target algorithm model, so as to obtain the actual displacement representing the rod/action rod.
Optionally, the target algorithm model may be obtained by summarizing and learning by measuring a plurality of sets of actual displacement values (actual distances from the tow bar to the displacement sensor) and displacement measurement values (distances from the tow bar to the displacement sensor are measured by the displacement sensor).
That is, the target algorithm model is corrected according to the distance from the traction rod to the displacement sensor measured by the displacement sensor, so that a more accurately determined displacement value is obtained.
In a possible implementation, a displacement actual value and a displacement measured value of the traction rod are obtained, then the displacement actual value and the displacement measured value are input into the polynomial algorithm model to obtain a coefficient of the polynomial algorithm model, and finally the target algorithm model is determined according to the polynomial algorithm model and the coefficient.
After the step, if the actual value of the target displacement is larger than the preset threshold value, warning information is sent to the user.
Optionally, in a measured value, if the obtained target displacement actual value is greater than a preset threshold value that needs to indicate that the rod/action rod rotates, it indicates that a fault occurs when the switch machine moves the indicating rod/action rod, and at this time, the fault information is reported to a monitoring person for processing.
Specifically, the sending (reporting) mode may be that the switch machine sends the specific fault information to the terminal device of the monitoring personnel through the signal transceiver module; or a fault lamp can be arranged on the point switch to prompt the attention of the detection personnel in a lamp lighting mode; the switch machine can also be provided with devices such as a buzzer and the like, and the detection personnel can be reminded of paying attention by certain audio signals.
In addition, the above embodiments directly obtain digital displacement amounts with accuracy higher than 0.01mm, since the displacement of the switch machine indicating rod (movable point) relative to the indicating rod casing is detected by using a dedicated displacement monitoring device. The method can monitor the traction stroke of the switch machine and other states while detecting the notch deviation, and is very necessary for comprehensively monitoring the working state of the switch machine in real time.
According to the displacement detection method provided by the embodiment of the application, the target displacement measurement value of the traction rod is determined by obtaining the first time and the second time and according to the first time, the second time and the laser speed, and then the target displacement measurement value and the target displacement measurement value are input into the target algorithm model, so that the target displacement actual value of the traction rod is obtained. According to the technical scheme, the measurement of the target displacement measurement value of the traction rod is realized from the acquisition of the time difference between excitation emission and emission, and then the target displacement actual value is calculated according to the algorithm model, so that the complexity of the measurement problem of the displacement of the representation rod/action rod in the prior art is avoided, and the measurement of the displacement of the representation rod/action rod is realized efficiently at low cost.
Furthermore, the grating technology is adopted, so that the detection precision is high, the power consumption is low, a new technical approach is provided for the field of point switch measurement and control, and a reliable measurement method is provided for places with harsh environment and difficult measurement; and the anti-interference performance is strong. The device is not influenced by a light source, and can filter the influence of vibration; the monitoring method is high-precision quantitative monitoring, can perform statistical analysis on an upper computer, can provide the trend of the gap size of the point switch and the action stroke and the like for more detailed data mining, establishes a corresponding mathematical model, predicts the working state of the point switch in advance and can promote the change from equipment repair to state repair of a railway; the device has the advantages of convenience in installation, high flexibility, small influence of temperature, low cost, high measurement precision and the like.
On the basis of the above method embodiment, fig. 6 is a schematic flow chart of a second displacement detection method embodiment provided in the present application. As shown in fig. 6, before the step 51, the displacement detection method further includes the following steps:
and 61, acquiring an actual displacement value and a measured displacement value of the traction rod.
The actual displacement value is the actual displacement of the traction rod, and the displacement measurement value is the displacement of the traction rod measured by the displacement sensor.
In this embodiment, the target algorithm model is a model for correcting the displacement measured by the displacement sensor, and before this, the target algorithm model is obtained.
In this step, since the relationship between the actual displacement value and the measured displacement value needs to be determined, a large amount of data related to the actual displacement value and the measured displacement value needs to be obtained.
For example, take k sets of displacement data as an example:
actual value of displacement x0、x1、x2……xkThe displacement measurement is
Figure BDA0003361278750000151
And step 62, inputting the actual displacement value and the measured displacement value into the polynomial algorithm model to obtain the coefficient of the polynomial algorithm model.
In this step, the actual displacement value and the measured displacement value are substituted into the polynomial model c (x).
Optionally, the expression of C (x) may be
Figure BDA0003361278750000152
Wherein, ajCoefficients of a polynomial algorithm model; j is the order of the polynomial and x is the highest order of the polynomial model for the variable N.
Then by displacing the actual value x0、x1、x2……xkThe displacement measurement is
Figure BDA0003361278750000153
Solving the coefficient a by least squares in a polynomial modelj。
And step 63, determining a target algorithm model according to the polynomial algorithm model and the coefficients.
In this step, the coefficient a is setjSubstituting the specific numerical value into a polynomial model C (x) to obtain an expression of a target algorithm model.
That is, in the process of determining the target algorithm model, the measurement result is input by using the measurement value, and the known displacement is output to train the neural network model, so that the neural network model between the actual displacement values and the displacement measurement values can be obtained.
Optionally, in subsequent use, the actual displacement value may be input only by inputting the displacement measurement value of the displacement sensor into the target algorithm model to determine the actual displacement representing the rod/action rod.
According to the displacement detection method provided by the embodiment of the application, the actual displacement value and the measured displacement value of the traction rod are obtained, then the actual displacement value and the measured displacement value are input into the polynomial algorithm model to obtain the coefficient of the polynomial algorithm model, and finally the target algorithm model is determined according to the polynomial algorithm model and the coefficient, so that a foundation is provided for more accurately measuring and representing the actual displacement of the rod/action rod.
On the basis of the above method embodiment, fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a displacement detection device provided in the embodiment of the present application. Applied to a switch machine, wherein the switch machine comprises: a presentation lever and an action lever. As shown in fig. 7, the displacement detecting device includes: an acquisition module 71, a determination module 72 and a processing module 73;
the acquisition module 71 is configured to acquire a first time and a second time, where the first time is a time when the displacement sensor in the switch machine sends laser to the drawbar, and the second time is a time when the displacement sensor receives reflected laser from the drawbar, and the drawbar is one of the indication rod and the action rod;
the determining module 72 is configured to determine a target displacement measurement value of the drawbar according to the first time, the second time and the laser speed;
and the processing module 73 is used for inputting the target displacement measurement value into a target algorithm model to obtain a target displacement actual value of the traction rod, and the target algorithm model is determined according to the displacement actual value and the displacement measurement value of the traction rod.
In a possible design of the embodiment of the present application, the obtaining module 71 is further configured to obtain an actual displacement value and a measured displacement value of the drawbar, where the actual displacement value is an actual displacement of the drawbar, and the measured displacement value is a displacement of the drawbar measured by the displacement sensor;
a processing module 73, further configured to:
inputting the actual displacement value and the measured displacement value into a polynomial algorithm model to obtain coefficients of the polynomial algorithm model;
and determining a target algorithm model according to the polynomial algorithm model and the coefficients.
In another possible design of the embodiment of the present application, the apparatus further includes: a sending module 74;
and a sending module 74, configured to send warning information to the user when the actual value of the target displacement is greater than the preset threshold.
The displacement detection device provided by the embodiment of the application can be used for executing the technical scheme corresponding to the displacement detection method in the embodiment, the implementation principle and the technical effect are similar, and the details are not repeated here.
It should be noted that the division of the modules of the above apparatus is only a logical division, and the actual implementation may be wholly or partially integrated into one physical entity, or may be physically separated. And these modules can be realized in the form of software called by processing element; or may be implemented entirely in hardware; and part of the modules can be realized in the form of calling software by the processing element, and part of the modules can be realized in the form of hardware. In addition, all or part of the modules can be integrated together or can be independently realized. The processing element described herein may be an integrated circuit having signal processing capabilities. In implementation, each step of the above method or each module above may be implemented by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in a processor element or an instruction in the form of software.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a switch machine according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 8, the switch machine may include: a processor 80, a memory 81, and computer program instructions stored on the memory 81 and operable on the processor 80.
The processor 80 executes computer-executable instructions stored by the memory 81, causing the processor 80 to perform the scheme in the above-described embodiments. The processor 80 may be a general-purpose processor including a central processing unit CPU, a Network Processor (NP), and the like; but also a digital signal processor DSP, an application specific integrated circuit ASIC, a field programmable gate array FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components.
Optionally, the switch machine may further include: a transceiver 82.
A memory 81 and a transceiver 82 are coupled to the processor 80 via the system bus and are in communication with each other, the memory 81 being used to store computer program instructions.
The transceiver 82 is used to communicate with other devices, and the transceiver 82 constitutes a communication interface.
Optionally, in terms of hardware implementation, the sending module 74 in the embodiment shown in fig. 7 corresponds to the transceiver 82 in this embodiment.
The system bus may be a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, or the like. The system bus may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, and the like. For ease of illustration, only one thick line is shown, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.
The switch machine provided in the embodiment of the present application may be used to implement the technical solution corresponding to the displacement detection method in the above embodiments, and the implementation principle and technical effect are similar, which are not described herein again.
The embodiment of the application further provides a chip for running the instructions, and the chip is used for executing the technical scheme of the displacement detection method in the embodiment.
The embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, where a computer instruction is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer instruction runs on a switch machine, the switch machine is enabled to execute the technical solution of the displacement detection method in the foregoing embodiment.
The embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program, and the computer program is used for executing the technical solution of the displacement detection method in the foregoing embodiment when being executed by a processor.
The computer-readable storage medium described above may be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile memory device or combination thereof, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic memory, flash memory, magnetic or optical disk. Readable storage media may be any available media that can be accessed by a general purpose or special purpose switch machine.
It will be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the precise arrangements that have been described above and shown in the drawings, and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A switch machine, comprising: the device comprises a presentation rod, an action rod, a displacement detection device and a box body;
the displacement detection device is arranged on one side of the box body, which is far away from the movable rail of the turnout, and surrounds one end of a traction rod, and is used for detecting a target displacement measurement value of the traction rod and inputting the target displacement measurement value into a target algorithm model to obtain a target displacement actual value of the traction rod, wherein the target algorithm model is determined according to the displacement actual value and the displacement measurement value of the traction rod, and the traction rod is one of the representation rod and the action rod;
one end of the traction rod penetrates through the box body, and the other end of the traction rod is connected with the movable rail and extends out of the box body;
the box body is arranged on one side far away from the movable rail, and a control device in the box body controls the displacement of the traction rod.
2. A switch machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that said displacement detection means comprise: at least two mutually isolated cylindrical cavities which are through along the axial direction and a displacement sensor mounting device;
one end of the cylindrical cavity is connected with the box body, the other end of the cylindrical cavity is connected with the displacement sensor mounting device, and the cylindrical cavity is used for protecting the traction rod and isolating the traction rod and a displacement sensor cable;
the displacement sensor mounting device is of a semi-closed cavity structure, and the open end of the displacement sensor mounting device is connected with the other end of the cylindrical cavity;
and a displacement sensor in the displacement sensor mounting device is fixed in a cavity of the displacement sensor mounting device, is opposite to one end of the traction rod, and is used for transmitting laser to the traction rod and receiving the laser reflected by the traction rod so as to determine a target displacement measurement value of the traction rod.
3. A switch machine as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the displacement sensor comprises: a receiving element and a transmitting element;
the transmitting element is used for transmitting laser to one end of the traction rod, and the receiving element is used for receiving the reflected laser at one end of the traction rod;
the displacement sensor mounting device is used for determining a target displacement measurement value of the traction rod according to the time corresponding to the emitted laser and the time corresponding to the reflected laser.
4. A switch machine as claimed in claim 2 or 3, characterised in that the displacement detection means further comprise: a protective cover covering the cylindrical cavity;
one end of the protective cover is connected with the box body, and the other end of the protective cover is connected with the displacement sensor mounting device and used for protecting the cylindrical cavity.
5. A switch machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that said displacement detection means further comprise: a heating plate;
the heating plate is attached to one end, far away from the traction rod, of the displacement sensor and used for maintaining the working temperature of the displacement sensor.
6. A displacement detection method applied to a switch machine, the switch machine comprising: a presentation stick and an action stick, the method comprising:
acquiring a first time and a second time, wherein the first time is a time when a displacement sensor in the switch machine sends laser to a traction rod, the second time is a time when the displacement sensor receives reflected laser of the traction rod, and the traction rod is one of the indication rod or the action rod;
determining a target displacement measurement value of the traction rod according to the first time, the second time and the laser speed;
and inputting the target displacement measurement value into a target algorithm model to obtain a target displacement actual value of the traction rod, wherein the target algorithm model is determined according to the displacement actual value and the displacement measurement value of the traction rod.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein prior to said obtaining the first time and the second time, the method further comprises:
acquiring a displacement actual value and a displacement measured value of the traction rod, wherein the displacement actual value is the actual displacement of the traction rod, and the displacement measured value is the displacement of the traction rod measured by the displacement sensor;
inputting the actual displacement value and the measured displacement value into a polynomial algorithm model to obtain coefficients of the polynomial algorithm model;
and determining the target algorithm model according to the polynomial algorithm model and the coefficients.
8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the method further comprises:
and if the actual value of the target displacement is larger than a preset threshold value, sending warning information to a user.
9. A displacement detecting device, applied to a switch machine, comprising: a presentation lever and an action lever, the apparatus comprising: the device comprises an acquisition module, a determination module and a processing module;
the acquisition module is configured to acquire a first time and a second time, where the first time is a time when a displacement sensor in the switch machine sends laser to a drawbar, and the second time is a time when the displacement sensor receives reflected laser of the drawbar, where the drawbar is one of the indication rod and the action rod;
the determining module is used for determining a target displacement measurement value of the traction rod according to the first time, the second time and the laser speed;
the processing module is used for inputting the target displacement measurement value into a target algorithm model to obtain a target displacement actual value of the traction rod, and the target algorithm model is determined according to the displacement actual value and the displacement measurement value of the traction rod.
10. A computer-readable storage medium having computer-executable instructions stored thereon, which when executed by a processor, are configured to implement the displacement detection method according to any one of claims 6 to 8.
CN202111367787.1A 2021-11-18 2021-11-18 Displacement detection method and device and point switch Pending CN114089349A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110736945A (en) * 2018-07-19 2020-01-31 Tdk-Micronas有限公司 Hall sensor and method for operating a hall sensor

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110736945A (en) * 2018-07-19 2020-01-31 Tdk-Micronas有限公司 Hall sensor and method for operating a hall sensor

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