CN114088918A - Coal-based rock similar material sample forming and loading integrated device and method - Google Patents
Coal-based rock similar material sample forming and loading integrated device and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a coal-based rock similar material sample forming and loading integrated device and method, and belongs to the technical research and development field of coal-based gas development simulation tests. The cylindrical alloy steel body is used as a reaction frame, a servo oil source fills liquid into a hydraulic ram to enable the hydraulic ram to expand and deform to generate triaxial thrust, the triaxial thrust acts on a sample through a bearing plate, a compression column and a piston rod, and the molding of the sample made of the similar coal material and the sealing loading of true triaxial are realized in the center of a six-face open cavity. And a displacement meter is arranged between the bearing plate and the steel casting filling piece, and the deformation of the test sample in loading and unloading is monitored. The center of the X-axis compression leg and the piston rod is provided with a gas injection holeCan inject CH into the sample4、CO2And performing adsorption, displacement and seepage tests, and simulating and researching the development process of the coal-based gas. The device has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, low material cost and safe and reliable sealing loading mode, and is particularly suitable for molding similar material samples of coal-based gas reservoirs, researching rock mechanics characteristics and researching the desorption, diffusion and seepage processes of tectonic coal bed gas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a coal-based rock similar material sample forming and loading integrated device and method, in particular to a device and method suitable for mechanical characteristic research of similar material rock of a coal-based gas reservoir, desorption, diffusion, seepage and CO injection of structural coal bed gas2A coal reservoir similar material sample forming and true triaxial sealing loading integrated device for reinforcing mining process research and a simulation test method.
Background
The coal-based gas resource in China has huge potential, and the geological resource amount is predicted to exceed 90 trillion m3And the amount of the natural gas is 3 times of that of the conventional natural gas resource. The coal-based gas large-scale development can relieve the situation of shortage of conventional oil and gas energy sources in China, reduce the probability of coal mine gas accidents, reduce the emission of greenhouse gases in coal mine production, and can generate remarkable economic, environmental, safety and social benefits. Therefore, the promotion of coal-based gas exploration and development has great significance for guaranteeing energy safety and economic and social development in China.
The research on the coal measure reservoir rock mechanics has important guiding significance on the coal measure gas exploration and development work, and the combination of the research on the coal measure reservoir rock mechanics, the coal measure gas geology and the reservoir engineering and the application of the research on the coal measure gas exploration and development work are extremely fast. The sedimentary diagenesis determines the mechanical properties and stratum units of coal-series sedimentary rock reservoirs, deformation and damage characteristics such as fracture development of rock mechanical stratum units are determined by stress environments such as rock mechanical stratum grillage, structural buried diagenesis loading and unloading history, reservoir engineering and the like, the rock mechanical stratum can control the permeability, pore connectivity and remodelability of compact reservoirs of the coal-series, and a coal-series rock mechanical stratum model is expected to realize coal-series gas dessert prediction, stratum production optimization, development process optimization and the like.
The method is limited by the lack of similar material simulation high-end test instruments, and the development level of the rock mechanics of the coal reservoir in China is obviously lagged behind abroad. Starting from the dissection research of representative coal-series and coal-series superposed gas reservoirs, combining the existing knowledge of coal-series development and coal-series gas enrichment and development, focusing the uniqueness of a coal-series rock mechanical stratum and the response relation of the coal-series gas reservoir and development, and combining the true triaxial sealing loading and fluid seepage physical simulation test of indoor coal-series rock mechanical similar materials, the geomechanical mechanism of coal-series reservoir evolution in the coal-series gas development process can be further revealed. For the purposes of coal-based gas enrichment, geomechanical theory innovation development and coal-based gas exploration and development technology research, an indoor physical simulation test needs to be developed on the basis of research and development of coal-based rock mechanics similar materials. Because the similar material sample is difficult to demold after being pressed and formed, and the sealed loading difficulty of the square and cuboid regular triaxial load sample after demolding is large, the irregular sample is difficult to place in the loading space. Therefore, the research and development of the coal-based rock similar material sample forming and true triaxial sealing loading integrated device and the research and research method of the mechanical characteristics research of the sample rock and the gas adsorption, desorption, diffusion and seepage simulation test become important prerequisites for promoting the research of the coal-based rock mechanical theory and the coal-based gas exploration and development technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem is as follows: the invention aims to meet the requirement of integration of coal-series rock similar material sample forming and true triaxial sealing loading in a physical simulation test in a coal-series gas exploration and development room, and provides a similar material sample forming and true triaxial sealing loading integrated device and a simulation test method which can simulate the coal-series stratum stress and deformation and the coal-series reservoir gas adsorption, desorption, diffusion and seepage processes in the coal-series gas exploration and development process.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the integrated device for forming and loading the coal-based rock similar material sample comprises an external reaction system, a three-axis servo loading system, six open cavities for filling the coal-based rock similar material sample, and a gas injection and monitoring system, wherein the external reaction system comprises a cylindrical alloy steel body reaction frame, a top cover, a bottom cover and an X, Y, Z-axis steel casting filling piece arranged in a three-axis loading space formed in the cylindrical alloy steel body reaction frame to form a cube; the triaxial servo loading system comprises a plurality of servo oil sources arranged along the X, Y, Z axial direction, a plurality of rotary valves arranged on an oil injection pipe, a plurality of hydraulic rams for generating triaxial thrust through expansion and deformation after oil injection, a plurality of bearing plates for transmitting the thrust of the hydraulic rams to a coal-based rock similar material sample, a compression column and a piston rod; the hydraulic rams are symmetrically distributed in grooves surrounded by multiple groups of steel casting filling pieces in the X, Y, Z axial direction, the bearing plates are respectively arranged on the hydraulic rams, and the pressing columns and the piston rods are correspondingly and sequentially arranged on the bearing plates; the six-side open cavity is made of a square high-strength alloy material, four corners of the six-side open cavity are suspended in a three-axis loading space in a cylindrical alloy steel reaction frame through a suspension fixing plate, six faces of the six-side open cavity in the X, Y, Z-axis direction are processed into square through holes with round corners through linear cutting, and piston rods with double-layer rubber sealing rings are respectively installed in the square through holes so as to realize high-pressure sealing of the six-side open cavity in the true three-axis loading and simulation test process; gas injection and monitoring system include air inlet pipeline, entry gas pressure table, entry gas mass flow meter, go out gas pipeline, export gas mass flow meter and a plurality of stay cord formula displacement sensor, entry gas pressure table and entry gas mass flow meter establish in proper order on the air inlet pipeline, export gas mass flow meter establish on the air outlet pipeline, a plurality of stay cord formula displacement sensor establish respectively between a plurality of loading boards and steel casting filling member to monitoring coal measures similar material sample shaping of rock and true triaxial seal loading in-process loading board displacement volume, with the triaxial deflection of the similar material sample atress in-process of sign coal measures.
The cylinder side wall of the cylindrical alloy steel body reaction frame is provided with 8 oil injection pipeline holes, 4 signal line holes, 1 air inlet pipeline hole and 1 air outlet pipeline hole; the top cover of the cylindrical alloy steel body reaction frame is provided with 2 oil injection pipeline holes and 2 signal line holes; 2 oil injection pipeline holes and 2 signal line holes are formed in the bottom cover of the cylindrical alloy steel body reaction frame; the cylindrical alloy steel body reaction frame, the top cover and the bottom cover are connected into a whole through top cover flange plate bolts and bottom cover flange plate bolts.
The steel casting filling piece of X, Y, Z axles which is arranged on the inner wall of the cylindrical alloy steel body reaction frame to form a cubic triaxial loading space is a customized processing piece, the customized processing piece is hoisted into the cylindrical alloy steel body reaction frame by utilizing a crane, the customized processing piece is made into an integral piece or a split piece according to the size of the size, and the steel casting filling piece is provided with holes which are used for the oil injection pipeline, the air inlet pipeline, the air outlet pipeline and the signal line to pass through and have the same positions with the side wall of the cylinder of the cylindrical alloy steel body reaction frame.
The plurality of servo oil sources comprise an X-axis servo oil source, a Y-axis servo oil source and a Z-axis servo oil source; the plurality of rotary valves comprise a left rotary valve and a right rotary valve of an X-axis oil injection pipeline, a front rotary valve and a rear rotary valve of a Y-axis oil injection pipeline, and an upper rotary valve and a lower rotary valve of a Z-axis oil injection pipeline; the multiple groups of steel casting filling pieces comprise X-axis left and right steel casting filling pieces, X-axis front and rear steel casting filling pieces and Z-axis upper and lower steel casting filling pieces.
The plurality of hydraulic pillows comprise two groups of hydraulic pillows which are opposite left and right on an X axis, two groups of hydraulic pillows which are opposite front and back on a Y axis, two groups of hydraulic pillows which are opposite up and down on a Z axis, X, Y and all the hydraulic pillows on the Z axis have the rated working pressure of 20MPa, the resolution ratio of 0.1MPa and the precision of 1.0% FS.
The bearing plates comprise two bearing plates with holes, two bearing plates and two bearing plates, wherein the two bearing plates are opposite to each other left and right in the X-axis direction, the two bearing plates are opposite to each other front and back in the Y-axis direction, and the two bearing plates are opposite to each other up and down in the Z-axis direction; the pressure columns comprise two porous pressure columns which are opposite to each other in the left-right direction in the X-axis direction, two non-porous pressure columns which are opposite to each other in the front-back direction in the Y-axis direction, and two non-porous pressure columns which are opposite to each other in the up-down direction in the Z-axis direction, and the two non-porous pressure columns are respectively and correspondingly arranged on the bearing plate; the piston rods comprise two porous piston rods which are opposite left and right in the X-axis direction, two non-porous piston rods which are opposite front and back in the Y-axis direction, and two non-porous piston rods which are opposite up and down in the Z-axis direction, and the cross sections of all the piston rods are square with an external fillet; and the air inlet pipeline penetrates through an air injection hole which is positioned in the centers of the X-axis left porous bearing plate, the X-axis left porous compression leg and the X-axis left porous piston rod, and injects air into the coal-series rock similar material sample in the six-sided open cavity.
The double-layer rubber sealing ring comprises two rubber sealing rings which are opposite left and right in the X-axis direction, two rubber sealing rings which are opposite front and back in the Y-axis direction, and two rubber sealing rings which are opposite up and down in the Z-axis direction.
The coal-based rock similar material sample forming and loading integrated simulation test method of the device comprises the following steps:
(a) connecting the cylindrical alloy steel body reaction frame with the bottom cover by using a fixed bottom cover flange plate bolt;
(b) hoisting multiple groups of X, Y, Z axial steel casting filling pieces into the cylindrical alloy steel body reaction frame by using a travelling crane;
(c) installing a Z-axis lower group hydraulic ram, a Z-axis lower aporate bearing plate and a Z-axis lower aporate compression column which are matched with the Z-axis lower group hydraulic ram, and connecting a Z-axis servo oil source through an oil filling hole in a bottom cover;
(d) two groups of hydraulic pillows which are opposite to each other in the left-right direction of an X axis and two groups of hydraulic pillows which are opposite to each other in the front-back direction of a Y axis are arranged, two porous bearing plates which are opposite to each other in the left-right direction of the X, Y axis direction and two bearing plates which are opposite to each other in the front-back direction of the Y axis direction and are matched with X, Y axis hydraulic pillows are arranged, two porous compression columns which are opposite to each other in the left-right direction of the X axis direction and two non-porous compression columns which are opposite to each other in the front-back direction of the Y axis direction and are matched with X, Y bearing plates are arranged, and the X axis servo oil source and the Y axis servo oil source are connected;
(e) filling coal series rock similar materials into the six-face open cavity, and simultaneously filling and compacting; after cleaning a similar material filling channel, two perforated piston rods which are provided with double-layer rubber sealing rings and are opposite to each other in the left-right direction of the X-axis direction, two non-perforated piston rods which are opposite to each other in the front-back direction of the Y-axis direction and two non-perforated piston rods which are opposite to each other in the up-down direction of the Z-axis direction are arranged in a six-face open cavity;
(f) the six-face open cavity is suspended in a cubic triaxial loading space inside a cylindrical alloy steel body reaction frame by utilizing a suspension fixing plate, and an air inlet pipeline penetrates through an air inlet pipeline hole on the left side of the cylindrical alloy steel body reaction frame, an X-axis left steel casting filling piece, an X-axis left porous bearing plate, an X-axis left porous compression leg and an X-axis left porous piston rod on the left side and is connected and sealed by a compression cap; the air outlet pipeline passes through an air outlet pipeline hole on the right side of the cylindrical alloy steel body reaction frame, the X-axis right steel casting filling piece, the X-axis right-holed bearing plate, the X-axis right-holed compression leg is connected with the left X-axis right-holed piston rod and sealed by a compression cap;
(g) installing a Z-axis upper group hydraulic ram on the top surface, a Z-axis upper aporate bearing plate matched with the Z-axis upper aporate bearing ram and a Z-axis upper aporate compression column, connecting a Z-axis upper aporate piston rod with the Z-axis upper aporate compression column, and connecting the top surface with a Z-axis servo oil source;
(h) starting an X-axis servo oil source, a Y-axis servo oil source and a Z-axis servo oil source in sequence, alternately and slowly increasing the injection oil pressure to 30-50 MPa, and keeping the pressure value within the molding time of 2-3h, so as to realize the molding of the coal-series rock similar material sample under the condition of true triaxial loading;
(i) the pull rope type displacement sensors are respectively arranged between the bearing plates and the steel casting filling piece, and are used for monitoring the displacement of the bearing plates in the processes of forming of the coal-based rock similar material sample and loading of true triaxial sealing so as to represent triaxial deformation of the coal-based rock similar material sample in the stress process;
(j) setting the output pressure of an X-axis servo oil source, a Y-axis servo oil source and a Z-axis servo oil source to be 20-30 MPa according to the actually measured ground stress value of a coal-based gas reservoir of the simulation research of similar materials, carrying out true triaxial sealing loading on a coal-based rock similar material sample, and injecting CH from an air inlet pipeline4、N2Or CO2And gas is used for researching the mechanical characteristics of the coal-series rock similar material sample rock and simulating the processes of gas adsorption, desorption, diffusion and seepage.
The expansion deformation of the hydraulic ram is controlled by an X, Y, Z-axis servo oil source, wherein: the X-axis servo oil source injects oil to the four hydraulic rams on the left side in the X-axis direction and the four hydraulic rams on the right side in the X-axis direction, and controls the expansion deformation of the four hydraulic rams; the Y-axis servo oil source is filled with oil to the four hydraulic rams behind the Y-axis direction and the four hydraulic rams in front of the Y-axis direction, and expansion deformation of the hydraulic rams is controlled; and the Z-axis servo oil source is used for injecting oil to the four hydraulic rams above the Z-axis direction and the four hydraulic rams below the Z-axis direction, and controlling the expansion deformation of the four hydraulic rams.
When the raw materials of the similar materials of the coal-series rock are filled into the six-face open cavity, besides the cubic space in the six-face open cavity, the similar materials with the thickness exceeding 1/5 of the side length of the cubic in the six-face open cavity are filled into the through hole, so that all piston rods in the X, Y, Z axial direction cannot be contacted with each other when a sample of the similar materials of the coal-series rock is loaded.
Has the advantages that: due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the device can be used for a coal-series rock similar material sample forming and true triaxial sealing loading integrated device for a coal-series gas exploration and development indoor physical simulation test and a gas adsorption, desorption, diffusion and seepage simulation test, and provides a new way for research and development of similar material simulation tests. The invention installs steel cast filling pieces, hydraulic rams, bearing plates and compression columns in the cylindrical alloy steel body, and a triaxial servo oil source is used for injecting oil to the hydraulic ram, the loading plate, the compression leg and the piston rod are pushed to move forwards, the integration of the molding of the similar material sample of the coal-series rock in the six-sided open cavity and the true triaxial sealing loading is realized, the gas adsorption, desorption, diffusion and seepage simulation test can be carried out under the conditions that the similar material sample of the coal-series rock is not demoulded and the sample is not taken out, the problems that the similar material sample is difficult to mold and demould, difficult to seal at high pressure and high in true triaxial loading cost in the indoor physical simulation test of the similar material of the coal-series rock are solved, and the similar material sample of the coal-series rock does not need to be taken out after being molded in a six-face development cavity, the simulation test of true triaxial sealing loading rock mechanics and gas adsorption, desorption, diffusion and seepage can be directly carried out. Compared with the prior art, the coal-series rock similar material sample forming and loading integrated device is simple in structure, and low in cost of processing and purchasing core components such as steel casting filling pieces, hydraulic rams, six-face open cavities and the like; the risk of gas leakage in the six-face open cavity is low, and the cylindrical alloy steel body reaction frame can also play a good role of a safety barrier; the triaxial loading forces are not mutually interfered, the loading forces are stable, the control precision is high, the safety and the success rate of the coal-based rock similar material sample true triaxial loading simulation test can be greatly improved, and the test cost can be greatly reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure view of a coal-based rock similar material sample forming and loading integrated device of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic longitudinal section structure view of the coal-based rock similar material sample forming and loading integrated device.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a six-sided open cavity structure according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1-cylindrical alloy steel body reaction frame; 2-1-X axis servo oil supply; 2-Y axis servo oil supply; 2-3-Z axis servo oil source; 3-1-X axis oil injection pipeline left rotary valve; 3-2-X axis oil injection pipeline right rotary valve; 3-Y axis oil injection pipeline front rotary valve; 3-4-Y axis oil injection pipeline back rotary valve; 3-5-Z axis oil injection pipeline upper rotary valve; 3-6-Z axis oil injection pipeline lower rotary valve; 4-1-X axis left steel casting filler; 4-2-X-axis right steel casting filler; 4-3-Y axis front steel casting filling piece; 4-Y axis rear steel casting filling piece; 4-5-casting a steel filling piece on a Z axis; 4-6-Z axis lower steel casting filling parts; 5-1-X axis left group hydraulic ram; 5-2-X axis right group hydraulic ram; 5-3-Y axis front group hydraulic pillow; 5-4-Y axis rear group hydraulic pillow; 5-Z axis upper group of hydraulic rams; a lower group of hydraulic pillows at the 5-6-Z axis; 6-1-X axis left perforated bearing plate; 6-2-the right side of the X axis has a bearing plate with holes; 6-3-Y axis front imperforate bearing plate; 6-4-Y axis rear imperforate bearing plate; 6-5-the non-porous bearing plate on the Z axis; 6-Z axis lower imperforate bearing plate; a pressing column with a hole at the left of the 7-1-X axis; a pressing column with a hole at the right side of the 7-2-X axis; 7-3-Y axis front pore-free compression column; 7-4-Y axis rear non-porous compression column; 7-5-pressing column without hole on Z axis; 7-6-Z-axis lower non-porous compression column; a piston rod with a hole at the left of the 8-1-X axis; a piston rod with a hole at the right side of the 8-2-X axis; a piston rod without holes in the front of the 8-3-Y axis; 8-4-Y axis rear non-hole piston rod; a piston rod without holes on the 8-5-Z axis; a piston rod without holes under the 8-6-Z axis; 9-1-X axis left group rubber seal ring; 9-2-right group of rubber sealing rings of an X axis; 9-3-Y axis front group rubber sealing ring; 9-4-Y axis rear group rubber sealing ring; 9-5-Z axis upper group rubber seal ring; 9-6-Z axis lower group rubber sealing ring; 10-six open cavities; 10-1-X axis through hole; 10-2-Y axis through holes; 10-3-Z axis through holes; 11-coal-series rock similar material sample; 12-1-a first suspension fixing plate of the cavity; 12-2 — a second suspension fixing plate of the cavity; 12-3-a third suspension fixing plate of the cavity; 12-4-a fourth suspension fixing plate of the cavity; 13 — an air intake line; 14-gas outlet pipeline; 15-inlet gas mass flow meter; 16-outlet gas mass flow meter; 17-inlet gas pressure gauge; 18-1-X axis first pull-rope displacement sensor; 18-2-X axis second pull-rope displacement sensor; 18-3-X axis third stay cord type displacement sensor; 18-4-X axis fourth pull rope type displacement sensor; 18-5-Y axis first pull-cord type displacement sensor; 18-6-Y axis second pull rope type displacement sensor; 18-7-Z axis first pull rope type displacement sensor; a 18-8-Z axis second pull rope type displacement sensor; 19-1-head flange plate bolt; 19-2-bottom cover flange plate bolt; 20-a top cover; 21-bottom cover.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to examples in the drawings to which:
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the coal-based rock similar material sample forming and loading integrated device mainly comprises an external reaction system, a three-axis servo loading system, six open cavities (10) filled with coal-based rock similar material samples (11), and a gas injection and monitoring system, wherein the external reaction system comprises a cylindrical alloy steel body reaction frame (1), a top cover (20), a bottom cover (21), and multiple groups of steel casting filling pieces of X, Y, Z axes arranged in a three-axis loading space of a cube formed in the cylindrical alloy steel body reaction frame (1), and the multiple groups of steel casting filling pieces comprise left and right steel casting filling pieces of an X axis (4-1, 4-2), front and rear steel casting filling pieces of the X axis (4-3, 4-4), and upper and lower steel casting filling pieces of a Z axis (4-5, 4-6); the three-axis servo loading system comprises a plurality of servo oil sources arranged along the X, Y, Z axial direction, a plurality of rotary valves arranged on an oil injection pipe, a plurality of hydraulic rams for generating three-axis thrust through expansion deformation after oil injection, a plurality of bearing plates for transmitting the thrust of the hydraulic rams to a coal-series rock similar material sample (11), a compression column and a piston rod, wherein the plurality of servo oil sources comprise an X-axis servo oil source (2-1), a Y-axis servo oil source (2-2) and a Z-axis servo oil source (2-3), and the plurality of rotary valves comprise a left rotary valve, a right rotary valve (3-1, 3-2) of an X-axis oil injection pipeline, a front rotary valve, a rear rotary valve (3-4, 3-5) of a Y-axis oil injection pipeline and an upper rotary valve, a lower rotary valve (3-5, 3-6) of the Z-axis oil injection pipeline; the hydraulic rams are symmetrically distributed in a groove surrounded by multiple groups of steel casting filling pieces (4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4, 4-5 and 4-6) in the X, Y, Z axial direction, the bearing plates are respectively arranged on the hydraulic rams, and the compression columns and the piston rods are correspondingly and sequentially arranged on the bearing plates; the hydraulic rams comprise two groups of hydraulic rams (5-1 and 5-2) which are opposite left and right on an X axis, two groups of hydraulic rams (5-3 and 5-4) which are opposite front and back on a Y axis, two groups of hydraulic rams (5-5 and 5-6) which are opposite up and down on a Z axis, X, Y and all the hydraulic rams on the Z axis have the rated working pressure of 20MPa, the resolution of 0.1MPa and the precision of 1.0% FS. The six-side open cavity (10) is made of a square high-strength alloy material, four corners of the six-side open cavity (10) are suspended in a three-axis loading space inside the cylindrical alloy steel body reaction frame (1) through suspension fixing plates, and the suspension fixing plates at the four corners comprise a first cavity suspension fixing plate (12-1); a second suspension fixing plate (12-2) of the cavity; a third suspension fixing plate (12-3) of the cavity; a fourth suspension fixing plate (12-4) of the cavity, six surfaces of the six-surface open cavity (10) along the X, Y, Z axis direction are processed into square through holes with round corners by wire cutting, namely an X-axis through hole (10-1), a Y-axis through hole (10-2) and a Z-axis through hole (10-3), as shown in fig. 3; piston rods (8-1, 8-2, 8-3, 8-4, 8-5 and 8-6) with double-layer rubber sealing rings (9-1, 9-2, 9-3, 9-4, 9-5 and 9-6) are respectively arranged in through holes (10-1, 10-2 and 10-3) of X, Y, Z shafts of each square, so that high-pressure sealing of a six-face open cavity (10) in the true triaxial loading and simulation test process is realized; the double-layer rubber sealing rings comprise two rubber sealing rings (9-1 and 9-2) which are opposite to each other left and right in the X-axis direction, two rubber sealing rings (9-3 and 9-4) which are opposite to each other front and back in the Y-axis direction, and two rubber sealing rings (9-5 and 9-6) which are opposite to each other up and down in the Z-axis direction. The gas injection and monitoring system comprises a gas inlet pipeline (13), an inlet gas pressure gauge (17), an inlet gas mass flow meter (15), a gas outlet pipeline (14), an outlet gas mass flow meter (16) and a plurality of stay cord type displacement sensors, wherein the inlet gas pressure gauge (17) and the inlet gas mass flow meter (15) are sequentially arranged on the gas inlet pipeline (13), the outlet gas mass flow meter (16) is arranged on the gas outlet pipeline (14), and the plurality of stay cord type displacement sensors comprise a first X-axis stay cord type displacement sensor (18-1), a second X-axis stay cord type displacement sensor (18-2), a third X-axis stay cord type displacement sensor (18-3), a fourth X-axis stay cord type displacement sensor (18-4), a first Y-axis stay cord type displacement sensor (18-5), a second Y-stay cord type displacement sensor (18-6), A first guy rope type displacement sensor (18-7) of the Z axis and a second guy rope type displacement sensor (18-8) of the Z axis. The plurality of stay cord type displacement sensors (18-1, 18-2, 18-3, 18-4, 18-5, 18-6, 18-7 and 18-8) are respectively arranged between the plurality of bearing plates (6-1, 6-2, 6-3, 6-4, 6-5 and 6-6) and the steel cast filling pieces (4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4, 4-5 and 4-6) so as to monitor the displacement of the bearing plates (6-1, 6-2, 6-3, 6-4, 6-5 and 6-6) in the process of forming the coal-based rock similar material sample (11) and loading the true triaxial sealing and to represent the triaxial deformation of the coal-based rock similar material sample (11) in the process of stressing.
The cylinder side wall of the cylindrical alloy steel body reaction frame (1) is provided with 8 oil injection pipeline holes, 4 signal line holes, 1 air inlet pipeline hole and 1 air outlet pipeline hole; 2 oil filling pipeline holes and 2 signal line holes are formed in a top cover (20) of the cylindrical alloy steel body reaction frame (1); 2 oil filling pipeline holes and 2 signal line holes are formed in a bottom cover (21) of the cylindrical alloy steel body reaction frame (1); the cylindrical alloy steel body reaction frame (1), the top cover (20) and the bottom cover (21) are connected into a whole through top cover flange plate bolts (19-1) and bottom cover flange plate bolts (19-2).
The steel casting filling piece (4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4, 4-5 and 4-6) of the X, Y, Z shaft, which is arranged on the inner wall of the cylindrical alloy steel body reaction frame (1) to form a cubic triaxial loading space, is a customized processing piece, and is hoisted into the cylindrical alloy steel body reaction frame (1) by utilizing a crane, the customized processing piece is manufactured into an integral piece or a split piece according to the size, and holes for the oil injection pipeline, the air inlet pipeline (13), the air outlet pipeline (14) and a signal line to pass through are formed in the steel casting filling piece, and the positions of the steel casting filling piece and the positions of the cylindrical alloy steel body reaction frame (1) side wall are the same.
The bearing plates comprise two bearing plates (6-1, 6-2) with holes, two bearing plates (6-3, 6-4) with holes, two bearing plates (6-5, 6-6) with holes, and two bearing plates (6-5, 6-6) with holes, wherein the two bearing plates are opposite to each other left and right in the X-axis direction, the two bearing plates are opposite to each other front and back in the Y-axis direction, and the two bearing plates are opposite to each other up and down in the Z-back direction; the compression columns (7) comprise two perforated compression columns (7-1, 7-2) which are opposite to each other left and right in the X-axis direction, two non-perforated compression columns (7-3, 7-4) which are opposite to each other front and back in the Y-axis direction, and two non-perforated compression columns (7-5, 7-6) which are opposite to each other up and down in the Z-axis direction, and are respectively and correspondingly arranged on the bearing plate; the piston rods comprise two perforated piston rods (8-1 and 8-2) which are opposite to each other left and right in the X-axis direction, two non-perforated piston rods (8-3 and 8-4) which are opposite to each other front and back in the Y-axis direction, and two non-perforated piston rods (8-5 and 8-6) which are opposite to each other up and down in the Z-axis direction, and the cross sections of all the piston rods are square with external round angles; the gas inlet pipeline (13) penetrates through a gas injection hole in the center of the X-axis first porous bearing plate (6-1), the X-axis first porous compression leg (7-1) and the X-axis first porous piston rod (8-1) to inject gas into a coal-based rock similar material sample (11) in the six-face open cavity (10).
The invention discloses a coal-based rock similar material sample forming and loading integrated simulation test method, which comprises the following steps of:
(a) connecting the cylindrical alloy steel body reaction frame (1) with a bottom cover (21) by using a fixed bottom cover flange plate bolt (19-2);
(b) hoisting multiple groups of X, Y, Z axial steel casting filling pieces (4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4, 4-5 and 4-6) into the cylindrical alloy steel body reaction frame (1) by using a travelling crane;
(c) a Z-axis lower group hydraulic ram (5-6) and a matched Z-axis lower aporate bearing plate (6-6) and a Z-axis lower aporate compression column (7-6) are arranged, and the Z-axis servo oil source (2-3) is connected through an oil injection hole in a bottom cover (21);
(d) two groups of hydraulic pillows (5-1 and 5-2) opposite to each other at the left and right of an X axis and two groups of hydraulic pillows (5-3 and 5-4) opposite to each other at the front and back of a Y axis are installed, two porous bearing plates (6-1 and 6-2) opposite to each other at the left and right of X, Y axis direction matched with X, Y axis hydraulic pillows and two bearing plates (6-3 and 6-4) opposite to each other at the front and back of the Y axis direction are installed, two porous compression columns (7-1 and 7-2) opposite to each other at the left and right of the X axis direction matched with a X, Y bearing plate and two non-porous compression columns (7-3 and 7-4) opposite to each other at the front and back of the Y axis direction are installed, and an X axis servo oil source (2-1) and a Y axis servo oil source (2-2) are connected;
(e) filling similar materials of coal series rocks into the six-face open cavity (10), and simultaneously filling and compacting; after cleaning a similar material filling channel, two porous piston rods (8-1 and 8-2) which are provided with double-layer rubber sealing rings and are opposite to each other in the left-right direction in the X-axis direction, two non-porous piston rods (8-3 and 8-4) which are opposite to each other in the front-back direction in the Y-axis direction, and two non-porous piston rods (8-5 and 8-6) which are opposite to each other in the up-down direction in the Z-axis direction are arranged in a six-face open cavity (10); when the cubic space in the six-side open cavity (10) is filled with the raw materials of the similar materials of the coal-series rock, the similar materials with the thickness exceeding 1/5 of the side length of the cubic in the six-side open cavity (10) are filled in the through hole, so that X, Y, Z axial piston rods can not be contacted with each other when a sample (11) of the similar materials of the coal-series rock is loaded.
(f) The six-face open cavity (10) is suspended in a cubic triaxial loading space inside a cylindrical alloy steel body reaction frame (1) by using a suspension fixing plate, and an air inlet pipeline (13) penetrates through an air inlet pipeline hole in the left side of the cylindrical alloy steel body reaction frame (1), an X-axis left steel cast filling piece (4-1), an X-axis left porous bearing plate (6-1), an X-axis left porous pressure column (7-1) and an X-axis left porous piston rod (8-1) in the left side to be connected and sealed by a pressure cap; an air outlet pipeline (14) passes through an air outlet pipeline hole on the right side of the cylindrical alloy steel body reaction frame (1), an X-axis right steel cast filling piece (4-2), an X-axis right porous bearing plate (6-2), an X-axis right porous pressure column (7-2) and a left X-axis right porous piston rod (8-2) are connected and sealed by a pressure cap;
(g) installing a Z-axis upper group hydraulic ram (5-5) on the top surface and a matched Z-axis upper aporate bearing plate (6-5) and a Z-axis upper aporate compression column (7-5), connecting a Z-axis upper aporate piston rod (8-5) with the Z-axis upper aporate compression column (7-5), and connecting the top surface with a Z-axis servo oil source (2-3); the expansion deformation of the hydraulic rams is controlled by an X, Y, Z axis servo oil source (2-1, 2-2, 2-3), wherein: an X-axis servo oil source (2-1) injects oil to the four hydraulic rams (5-1) on the left side in the X-axis direction and the four hydraulic rams (5-2) on the right side in the X-axis direction, and controls the expansion deformation of the four hydraulic rams; the Y-axis servo oil source (2-2) injects oil to the four hydraulic rams (5-3) behind the Y-axis direction and the four hydraulic rams (5-4) in front of the Y-axis direction and controls the expansion deformation of the hydraulic rams; and the Z-axis servo oil source (2-3) injects oil to the four hydraulic rams (5-5) above the Z-axis direction and the four hydraulic rams (5-6) below the Z-axis direction and controls the expansion deformation of the four hydraulic rams.
(h) Starting an X-axis servo oil source (2-1), a Y-axis servo oil source (2-2) and a Z-axis servo oil source (2-3) in sequence, alternately and slowly increasing the injection oil pressure to 30-50 MPa, and keeping the pressure value within the molding time of 2-3h, so as to realize molding of the coal-series rock similar material sample (11) under the condition of true triaxial loading;
(i) the method comprises the steps that a plurality of stay cord type displacement sensors (18-1, 18-2, 18-3, 18-4, 18-6, 18-7 and 18-8) are respectively arranged between a plurality of bearing plates (6-1, 6-2, 6-3, 6-4, 6-5 and 6-6) and steel cast filling pieces (4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4, 4-5 and 4-6), the displacement of the bearing plates in the forming and true triaxial sealing loading processes of a coal-based rock similar material sample (11) is monitored, and the triaxial deformation of the coal-based rock similar material sample (11) in the stress process is represented;
(j) coal-based gas reservoir researched according to similar material simulationActually measuring the ground stress value, setting the output pressure of an X-axis servo oil source (2-1), a Y-axis servo oil source (2-2) and a Z-axis servo oil source (2-3) to be 20-30 MPa, carrying out true triaxial sealing loading on the coal-series rock similar material sample (11), and injecting CH (carbon monoxide) from an air inlet pipeline (13)4、N2Or CO2And (3) gas, and carrying out rock mechanical characteristic research on a coal-series rock similar material sample (11) and simulation tests of gas adsorption, desorption, diffusion and seepage processes.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a similar material sample shaping of coal measures rock and loading integrated device, includes that external counter-force system, triaxial servo loading system, fill six open cavity (10), gas injection and the monitoring system of similar material sample of coal measures rock (11), its characterized in that: the external counter force system comprises a cylindrical alloy steel body counter force frame (1), a top cover (20), a bottom cover (21) and X, Y, Z-axis steel casting filling pieces which are arranged in the cylindrical alloy steel body counter force frame (1) to form a cubic triaxial loading space; the triaxial servo loading system comprises a plurality of servo oil sources arranged along the X, Y, Z axial direction, a plurality of rotary valves arranged on an oil injection pipe, a plurality of hydraulic rams for generating triaxial thrust through expansion and deformation after oil injection, a plurality of bearing plates for transmitting the thrust of the hydraulic rams to a coal-series rock similar material sample (11), a compression column and a piston rod; the hydraulic rams are symmetrically distributed in a groove surrounded by multiple groups of steel cast filling pieces in the X, Y, Z axial direction, the bearing plates are respectively arranged on the hydraulic rams, and the compression columns and the piston rods are correspondingly and sequentially arranged on the bearing plates; the six-side open cavity (10) is made of a square high-strength alloy material, four corners of the six-side open cavity (10) are suspended in a three-axis loading space in a cylindrical alloy steel body reaction frame (1) through suspension fixing plates, square through holes with round corners are machined in the six surfaces of the six-side open cavity (10) along the X, Y, Z axis direction through line cutting, and piston rods with double-layer rubber sealing rings are installed in the square through holes respectively so as to realize high-pressure sealing of the six-side open cavity (10) in the true three-axis loading and simulation test processes; gas injection and monitoring system include air inlet pipe way (13), entry gas pressure meter (17), entry gas mass flowmeter (15), gas outlet pipe way (14), export gas mass flowmeter (16) and a plurality of stay cord formula displacement sensor, entry gas pressure meter (17) and entry gas mass flowmeter (15) establish in proper order on air inlet pipe way (13), export gas mass flowmeter (16) establish on gas outlet pipe way (14), a plurality of stay cord formula displacement sensor establish respectively between a plurality of loading boards and steel casting filling member to monitoring coal measures rock similar material sample (11) shaping and true triaxial seal loading in-process loading board displacement volume, with the triaxial deflection of sign coal measures of rock similar material sample (11) atress in-process.
2. The integrated molding and loading device for the coal-based rock similar material sample as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the cylinder side wall of the cylindrical alloy steel body reaction frame (1) is provided with 8 oil injection pipeline holes, 4 signal line holes, 1 air inlet pipeline hole and 1 air outlet pipeline hole; 2 oil filling pipeline holes and 2 signal line holes are formed in a top cover (20) of the cylindrical alloy steel body reaction frame (1); 2 oil filling pipeline holes and 2 signal line holes are formed in a bottom cover (21) of the cylindrical alloy steel body reaction frame (1); the cylindrical alloy steel body reaction frame (1), the top cover (20) and the bottom cover (21) are connected into a whole through top cover flange plate bolts (19-1) and bottom cover flange plate bolts (19-2).
3. The integrated molding and loading device for the coal-based rock similar material sample as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the steel casting filling piece of the X, Y, Z shaft which is arranged on the inner wall of the cylindrical alloy steel body reaction frame (1) to form a cubic triaxial loading space is a customized processing piece, the customized processing piece is hoisted into the cylindrical alloy steel body reaction frame (1) by utilizing a crane, the customized processing piece is manufactured into an integral piece or a split piece according to the size of the size, and the steel casting filling piece is provided with a hole which is used for an oil injection pipeline, an air inlet pipeline (13), an air outlet pipeline (14) and a signal line to pass through and has the same position with the cylindrical side wall of the cylindrical alloy steel body reaction frame (1).
4. The integrated molding and loading device for the coal-based rock similar material sample as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the multiple servo oil sources comprise an X-axis servo oil source (2-1), a Y-axis servo oil source (2-2) and a Z-axis servo oil source (2-3), and the multiple rotary valves comprise a left rotary valve (3-1) and a right rotary valve (3-2) of an X-axis oil injection pipeline, a front rotary valve (3-4) and a rear rotary valve (3-5) of a Y-axis oil injection pipeline and an upper rotary valve (3-5) and a lower rotary valve (3-6) of a Z-axis oil injection pipeline; the multiple groups of steel casting filling pieces comprise X-axis left and right steel casting filling pieces (4-1, 4-2), X-axis front and rear steel casting filling pieces (4-3, 4-4) and Z-axis upper and lower steel casting filling pieces (4-5, 4-6).
5. The integrated molding and loading device for the coal-based rock similar material sample as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that: the hydraulic rams comprise two groups of hydraulic rams (5-1 and 5-2) which are opposite left and right on an X axis, two groups of hydraulic rams (5-3 and 5-4) which are opposite front and back on a Y axis, two groups of hydraulic rams (5-5 and 5-6) which are opposite up and down on a Z axis, X, Y and all the hydraulic rams on the Z axis have the rated working pressure of 20MPa, the resolution of 0.1MPa and the precision of 1.0% FS.
6. The integrated molding and loading device for the coal-based rock similar material sample as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the bearing plates comprise two bearing plates (6-1, 6-2) with holes, two bearing plates (6-3, 6-4) with holes, two bearing plates (6-5, 6-6) with holes, and two bearing plates (6-5, 6-6) with holes, wherein the two bearing plates are opposite to each other left and right in the X-axis direction, the two bearing plates are opposite to each other front and back in the Y-axis direction, and the two bearing plates are opposite to each other up and down in the Z-back direction; the compression columns (7) comprise two perforated compression columns (7-1, 7-2) which are opposite to each other left and right in the X-axis direction, two non-perforated compression columns (7-3, 7-4) which are opposite to each other front and back in the Y-axis direction, and two non-perforated compression columns (7-5, 7-6) which are opposite to each other up and down in the Z-axis direction, and are respectively and correspondingly arranged on the bearing plate; the piston rods comprise two perforated piston rods (8-1 and 8-2) which are opposite to each other left and right in the X-axis direction, two non-perforated piston rods (8-3 and 8-4) which are opposite to each other front and back in the Y-axis direction, and two non-perforated piston rods (8-5 and 8-6) which are opposite to each other up and down in the Z-axis direction, and the cross sections of all the piston rods are square with external round angles; the gas inlet pipeline (13) penetrates through a gas injection hole in the center of the X-axis left porous bearing plate (6-1), the X-axis left porous compression column (7-1) and the X-axis left porous piston rod (8-1) and injects gas into a coal-based rock similar material sample (11) in the six-face open cavity (10).
7. The integrated molding and loading device for the coal-based rock similar material sample as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the double-layer rubber sealing rings comprise two rubber sealing rings (9-1 and 9-2) which are opposite to each other left and right in the X-axis direction, two rubber sealing rings (9-3 and 9-4) which are opposite to each other front and back in the Y-axis direction, and two rubber sealing rings (9-5 and 9-6) which are opposite to each other up and down in the Z-axis direction.
8. The integrated simulation test method for molding and loading a coal-based rock similar material sample by using the device of any one of claims 1 to 7 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(a) connecting the cylindrical alloy steel body reaction frame (1) with a bottom cover (21) by using a fixed bottom cover flange plate bolt (19-2);
(b) hoisting multiple groups of X, Y, Z axial steel casting filling pieces into the cylindrical alloy steel body reaction frame (1) by using a travelling crane;
(c) a Z-axis lower group hydraulic ram (5-6) and a matched Z-axis lower aporate bearing plate (6-6) and a Z-axis lower aporate compression column (7-6) are arranged, and the Z-axis servo oil source (2-3) is connected through an oil filling hole in a bottom cover (21);
(d) two groups of hydraulic pillows (5-1 and 5-2) opposite to each other at the left and right of an X axis and two groups of hydraulic pillows (5-3 and 5-4) opposite to each other at the front and back of a Y axis are installed, two porous bearing plates (6-1 and 6-2) opposite to each other at the left and right of X, Y axis direction matched with X, Y axis hydraulic pillows and two bearing plates (6-3 and 6-4) opposite to each other at the front and back of the Y axis direction are installed, two porous compression columns (7-1 and 7-2) opposite to each other at the left and right of the X axis direction matched with a X, Y bearing plate and two non-porous compression columns (7-3 and 7-4) opposite to each other at the front and back of the Y axis direction are installed, and an X axis servo oil source (2-1) and a Y axis servo oil source (2-2) are connected;
(e) filling similar materials of coal series rocks into the six-face open cavity (10), and simultaneously filling and compacting; after cleaning a similar material filling channel, two porous piston rods (8-1 and 8-2) which are provided with double-layer rubber sealing rings and are opposite to each other in the left-right direction in the X-axis direction, two non-porous piston rods (8-3 and 8-4) which are opposite to each other in the front-back direction in the Y-axis direction, and two non-porous piston rods (8-5 and 8-6) which are opposite to each other in the up-down direction in the Z-axis direction are arranged in a six-face open cavity (10);
(f) the six-face open cavity (10) is suspended in a cubic triaxial loading space inside a cylindrical alloy steel body reaction frame (1) by using a suspension fixing plate, and an air inlet pipeline (13) penetrates through an air inlet pipeline hole in the left side of the cylindrical alloy steel body reaction frame (1), an X-axis left steel cast filling piece (4-1), an X-axis left porous bearing plate (6-1), an X-axis left porous pressure column (7-1) and an X-axis left porous piston rod (8-1) in the left side to be connected and sealed by a pressure cap; an air outlet pipeline (14) passes through an air outlet pipeline hole on the right side of the cylindrical alloy steel body reaction frame (1), an X-axis right steel cast filling piece (4-2), an X-axis right porous bearing plate (6-2), an X-axis right porous pressure column (7-2) and a left X-axis right porous piston rod (8-2) are connected and sealed by a pressure cap;
(g) installing a Z-axis upper group hydraulic ram (5-5) on the top surface and a matched Z-axis upper aporate bearing plate (6-5) and a Z-axis upper aporate compression column (7-5), connecting a Z-axis upper aporate piston rod (8-5) with the Z-axis upper aporate compression column (7-5), and connecting the top surface with a Z-axis servo oil source (2-3);
(h) starting an X-axis servo oil source (2-1), a Y-axis servo oil source (2-2) and a Z-axis servo oil source (2-3) in sequence, alternately and slowly increasing the injection oil pressure to 30-50 MPa, and keeping the pressure value within the forming time of 2-3h, so that the forming of the coal-series rock similar material sample (11) under the condition of true triaxial loading is realized;
(i) the method comprises the steps that a plurality of stay cord type displacement sensors (18-1, 18-2, 18-3, 18-4, 18-6, 18-7 and 18-8) are respectively arranged between a plurality of bearing plates (6-1, 6-2, 6-3, 6-4, 6-5 and 6-6) and steel cast filling pieces (4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4, 4-5 and 4-6), the displacement of the bearing plates in the forming and true triaxial sealing loading processes of a coal-based rock similar material sample (11) is monitored, and the triaxial deformation of the coal-based rock similar material sample (11) in the stress process is represented;
(j) according to the actually measured ground stress value of a coal-based gas reservoir of simulation research of similar materials, the output pressure of an X-axis servo oil source (2-1), a Y-axis servo oil source (2-2) and a Z-axis servo oil source (2-3) is set to be 20-30 MPa, true triaxial seal loading is carried out on a coal-based rock similar material sample (11), CH is injected from an air inlet pipeline (13)4、N2Or CO2And (3) gas, and carrying out rock mechanical characteristic research on a coal-series rock similar material sample (11) and simulation tests of gas adsorption, desorption, diffusion and seepage processes.
9. The coal-based rock similar material sample molding and loading integrated simulation test method according to claim 8, characterized in that: the expansion deformation of the hydraulic ram is controlled by an X-axis servo oil source (2-1), a Y-axis servo oil source (2-2) and a Z-axis servo oil source (2-3), wherein: an X-axis servo oil source (2-1) injects oil to the four hydraulic rams (5-1) on the left side in the X-axis direction and the four hydraulic rams (5-2) on the right side in the X-axis direction, and controls the expansion deformation of the four hydraulic rams; the Y-axis servo oil source (2-2) injects oil to the four hydraulic rams (5-3) behind the Y-axis direction and the four hydraulic rams (5-4) in front of the Y-axis direction and controls the expansion deformation of the hydraulic rams; and the Z-axis servo oil source (2-3) injects oil to the four hydraulic rams (5-5) above the Z-axis direction and the four hydraulic rams (5-6) below the Z-axis direction and controls the expansion deformation of the four hydraulic rams.
10. The coal-based rock similar material sample molding and loading integrated simulation test method according to claim 8, characterized in that: when the raw materials of the similar materials of the coal-series rock are filled into the six-face open cavity (10), besides the cubic space in the six-face open cavity (10), the similar materials with the thickness exceeding 1/5 of the cubic side in the six-face open cavity (10) are filled into the through hole, so that X, Y, Z axial piston rods can not be contacted with each other when the sample (11) of the similar materials of the coal-series rock is loaded.
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| CN114965072A (en) * | 2022-04-21 | 2022-08-30 | 重庆大学 | Brine and supercritical CO simulation under original rock state 2 System and method for soaking salt rocks |
| CN116256246A (en) * | 2023-03-02 | 2023-06-13 | 深圳大学 | Rock physical and mechanical testing system for deep space and deep sea environment |
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| CN116256246B (en) * | 2023-03-02 | 2024-03-08 | 深圳大学 | Rock physical and mechanical testing system for deep space and deep sea environment |
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