CN114088020A - Steel rail straightness detection mechanism - Google Patents
Steel rail straightness detection mechanism Download PDFInfo
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- CN114088020A CN114088020A CN202111293882.1A CN202111293882A CN114088020A CN 114088020 A CN114088020 A CN 114088020A CN 202111293882 A CN202111293882 A CN 202111293882A CN 114088020 A CN114088020 A CN 114088020A
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013075 data extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/26—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
- G01B11/27—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes for testing the alignment of axes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
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Abstract
The invention discloses a steel rail straightness detection mechanism which comprises a machine base, a walking detection mechanism, a carrier roller and steel rail guide mechanism, centering and pressing mechanisms, a sensor lifting and translation mechanism and a straightness measurement assembly. The invention realizes the automatic measurement of the straightness of the steel rail, improves the working efficiency, reduces the labor intensity, replaces a robot and reduces the cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention particularly relates to a steel rail straightness detection mechanism.
Background
The steel rail straightness detection mechanism is a device capable of replacing human to measure the straightness of the steel rail, and is used for automatically measuring the straightness of the railway steel rail; the existing railway steel rail straight line measurement is carried out by manual measurement operation and measuring the straightness by means of tooth pressing and a plug gauge; however, the error of manual measurement is large, the straightness error of the same steel rail measured by different people is also large, and the efficiency of manual operation is low; repeated measurement of the straightness of the rail over time requires a significant amount of labor and is detrimental to maximizing the benefits of the manufacturer.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the steel rail straightness detection mechanism, which realizes automatic measurement of the steel rail straightness, improves the working efficiency, reduces the labor intensity, replaces a robot and reduces the cost.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the utility model provides a rail straightness accuracy detection mechanism, which comprises a frame, the walking detection mechanism, bearing roller and rail guiding mechanism, centering hold-down mechanism, sensor lift translation mechanism and straightness accuracy measurement subassembly, two centering hold-down mechanisms and a bearing roller and rail guiding mechanism set up on the frame along same straight line, bearing roller and rail guiding mechanism set up between two centering hold-down mechanism, the walking detection mechanism also sets up on the frame, straightness accuracy measurement subassembly passes through sensor lift translation mechanism and is connected with the walking detection mechanism, straightness accuracy measurement subassembly arranges in the top of rail position, walking detection mechanism drives straightness accuracy measurement subassembly along rail length direction round trip movement.
According to the technical scheme, the walking detection mechanism comprises a track support and a synchronous belt, the track support is arranged on the base, a track is arranged on the track support along the length direction of a steel rail, a sliding block is arranged on the track, the synchronous belt is arranged on the track support and arranged along the length direction of the track, and the sensor lifting translation mechanism is arranged on the sliding block and connected with the synchronous belt.
According to the technical scheme, the sensor lifting and translation mechanism comprises a belt guide mechanism, a servo motor, a sensor translation fixing frame and a synchronous belt wheel, the servo motor and the belt guide mechanism are fixedly arranged on the sensor translation fixing frame, the sensor translation fixing frame is arranged on a sliding block, and the synchronous belt is connected with the synchronous belt wheel through the belt guide mechanism.
According to the technical scheme, the belt guide mechanism comprises two belt guide wheels, namely a first belt guide wheel and a second belt guide wheel which are arranged on two sides of the synchronous belt wheel, and the same belt sequentially bypasses the first belt guide wheel, the synchronous belt wheel and the second belt guide wheel; the servo motor drives the synchronous belt pulley to rotate, and the synchronous belt drives the sensor translation fixing frame to move back and forth along the linear track in the reverse direction.
According to the technical scheme, the bottom of the track support is connected with the base through the bolt, the pressing block and the belt tensioning device are sequentially arranged on the track support along the length direction of the track, and two ends of the synchronous belt are respectively connected with the pressing block and the belt tensioning device.
According to the technical scheme, the carrier roller and steel rail guide mechanism comprises a guide rack, a guide connecting plate and guide rollers, wherein the guide rack and the carrier roller rack are sequentially arranged on a machine base, a carrier roller barrel is transversely arranged on the carrier roller rack, the guide rollers are fixedly arranged on the guide rack through the guide connecting plate, and the two guide rollers are vertically arranged on two sides of the carrier roller barrel;
the carrier roller frame is provided with a carrier roller sliding frame, the carrier roller barrel is arranged on the carrier roller sliding frame, the carrier roller barrel can move up and down along the carrier roller sliding frame, the carrier roller barrel is connected with a jacking cylinder, and the jacking cylinder is arranged on the carrier roller frame.
According to the technical scheme, the centering pressing mechanism comprises a centering pressing rack, a pressing assembly and a centering positioning assembly, the centering pressing rack is fixedly arranged on the machine base, and the pressing assembly and the centering positioning assembly are arranged on two sides of the position of the steel rail.
According to the technical scheme, the number of the compression assemblies is two, the compression assemblies are arranged on two sides of the position of the steel rail and comprise vertical telescopic cylinders, cylinder seats and compression rods, the vertical telescopic cylinders are arranged on the centering compression rack, one ends of the connecting rods are connected with the centering compression rack, the other ends of the connecting rods are hinged with the middle of the compression rods, and the movable ends of the vertical telescopic cylinders are hinged with the outer ends of the compression rods;
the number of the centering and positioning assemblies is two, the centering and positioning assemblies are arranged on two sides of the position of the steel rail, each centering and positioning assembly comprises a transverse telescopic cylinder and a cylinder fixing seat, and the transverse telescopic cylinders are connected with the centering pressing rack through the cylinder fixing seats.
According to the technical scheme, the straightness measuring assembly comprises a measuring support, a sensor connecting plate and a laser sensor, the laser sensor is arranged on the measuring support through the sensor connecting plate, and the measuring support is connected with the sensor lifting and translating mechanism.
According to the technical scheme, the measuring support comprises a fixed plate, an upper plate and two side plates, the two side plates are arranged in parallel side by side, two ends of the upper plate are respectively connected with the upper ends of the two side plates, two ends of the fixed plate are respectively connected with the rear ends of the two side plates, and the fixed plate is connected with the sensor lifting and translating mechanism.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the automatic measurement of the straightness of the steel rail is realized, the steel rail is conveyed to a specified position, the working efficiency is improved, the labor intensity is reduced, and the cost is reduced by replacing a robot.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a rail straightness detection mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a walking detection mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a carrier roller and rail guide mechanism according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a centering and pressing mechanism in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a straightness measurement assembly in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a sensor elevation translation mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a housing according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the connection between the belt guide and the timing pulley via the timing pulley in an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure, 1-a centering and pressing mechanism, 2-a carrier roller and steel rail guide mechanism, 3-a straightness measuring assembly, 4-a walking detection mechanism, 5-a sensor lifting and translation mechanism, 6-a steel rail and 7-a machine base;
1-1-compression bar, 1-2-transverse telescopic cylinder, 1-3-connecting rod, 1-4-cylinder seat, 1-5-compression cushion block, 1-6-centering compression rack and 1-7-vertical telescopic cylinder;
2-1-a guide frame, 2-2-a guide connecting plate, 2-3-a first carrier roller carriage, 2-4-a second carrier roller carriage, 2-5-a carrier roller barrel, 2-6-a guide roller and 2-7-a carrier roller frame;
3-1-a fixing plate, 3-2-a sensor connecting plate, 3-3-an upper plate, 3-4-a side plate, 3-5-a reinforcing plate and 3-6-a laser sensor;
4-1-sliding block, 4-2-pressing block, 4-3-track support, 4-4-synchronous belt and 4-5-belt tensioning device;
5-1-drag chain fixing plate, 5-2-belt guide mechanism, 5-3-servo motor, 5-4-sensor translation fixing frame and 5-5-synchronous belt wheel.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Referring to fig. 1 to 8, the steel rail straightness detection mechanism in one embodiment of the present invention includes a base 7, a walking detection mechanism 4, a carrier roller and steel rail guide mechanism 2, a centering pressing mechanism 1, a sensor lifting and translating mechanism 5, and a straightness measurement assembly 3, wherein two centering pressing mechanisms 1 and one carrier roller and steel rail guide mechanism 2 are disposed on the base 7 along the same straight line for fixing and conveying a steel rail, the carrier roller and steel rail guide mechanism 2 is disposed between the two centering pressing mechanisms 1, the walking detection mechanism 4 is also disposed on the base 7, the straightness measurement assembly 3 is connected to the walking detection mechanism 4 through the sensor lifting and translating mechanism 5, the straightness measurement assembly 3 is disposed above the position of the steel rail, and the walking detection mechanism 4 drives the straightness measurement assembly 3 to move back and forth along the length direction of the steel rail.
Further, the walking detection mechanism 4 comprises a track support 4-3 and a synchronous belt 4-4, the track support 4-3 is arranged on the base 7, a track is arranged on the track support 4-3 along the length direction of the steel rail, a sliding block 4-1 is arranged on the track, the synchronous belt 4-4 is arranged on the track support 4-3 and is arranged along the length direction of the track, and the sensor lifting translation mechanism 5 is arranged on the sliding block 4-1 and is connected with the synchronous belt 4-4.
Further, the sensor lifting and translation mechanism 5 comprises a belt guide mechanism 5-2, a servo motor 5-3, a sensor translation fixing frame 5-4 and a synchronous pulley 5-5, wherein the servo motor 5-3 and the belt guide mechanism 5-2 are fixedly arranged on the sensor translation fixing frame 5-4 through bolts, the sensor translation fixing frame 5-4 is arranged on a sliding block 4-1, and the synchronous pulley 4-4 is connected with the synchronous pulley 5-5 through the belt guide mechanism 5-2; the synchronous belt wheel 5-5 is matched with a synchronous belt 4-4 in the steel rail straightness detection mechanism to move and is used for driving the synchronous belt wheel 5-5 to move, and the synchronous belt wheel 5-5 is matched with the synchronous belt 4-4 to enable the equipment to move in a left-right translation mode.
Furthermore, the belt guide mechanism comprises two belt guide wheels, namely a first belt guide wheel and a second belt guide wheel which are respectively arranged at two sides of the synchronous belt wheel, and the same belt sequentially bypasses the first belt guide wheel, the synchronous belt wheel and the second belt guide wheel; the servo motor drives the synchronous belt pulley to rotate, and the synchronous belt drives the sensor translation fixing frame to move back and forth along the linear track in the reverse direction.
Furthermore, a tow chain fixing plate 5-1 is arranged on the sensor translation fixing frame 5-4 and used for fixing a tow chain of the system.
Furthermore, the bottom of the track support 4-3 is connected with the base 7 through a bolt, a pressing block 4-2 and a belt tensioning device 4-5 are sequentially arranged on the track support 4-3 along the length direction of the track, and two ends of the synchronous belt 4-4 are respectively connected with the pressing block 4-2 and the belt tensioning device 4-5.
Furthermore, a belt tensioning device 4-5 is arranged on the right side of the synchronous belt 4-4, and a pressing block 4-2 is arranged on the left side of the synchronous belt 4-4 to be matched with each other to ensure the normal work of the synchronous belt 4-4; the synchronous belt 4-4 on the walking detection mechanism 4 is matched with the synchronous belt wheel 5-5 in the sensor lifting translation mechanism 5, and the sensor lifting translation mechanism 5 is driven to move when the synchronous belt 4-4 moves.
Further, the carrier roller and steel rail guide mechanism 2 comprises a guide rack 2-1, a guide connecting plate 2-2 and guide rollers 2-6, the guide rack 2-1 and the carrier roller rack 2-7 are sequentially arranged on a machine base 7, a carrier roller barrel 2-5 is transversely arranged on the carrier roller rack 2-7, the guide rollers 2-6 are fixedly arranged on the guide rack 2-1 through the guide connecting plate 2-2, and the two guide rollers 2-6 are vertically arranged on two sides of the carrier roller barrel 2-5;
the carrier roller frame 2-7 is provided with a carrier roller sliding frame, the carrier roller barrel 2-5 is arranged on the carrier roller sliding frame, the carrier roller barrel 2-5 can move up and down along the carrier roller sliding frame, the carrier roller barrel 2-5 is connected with a jacking cylinder, and the jacking cylinder is arranged on the carrier roller frame 2-7.
The carrier roller sliding frame is composed of two carrier roller sliding frames, namely a first carrier roller sliding frame 2-3 and a second carrier roller sliding frame 2-4.
Further, the carrier roller and steel rail guide mechanism 2 comprises a carrier roller frame 2-7, two carrier roller sliding frames and carrier roller cylinders 2-5, wherein the carrier roller cylinders 2-5 are arranged in the middle of the roller sliding frames which are symmetrically distributed; the carrier roller and steel rail guide mechanism 2 is arranged between the two centering pressing mechanisms 1, wherein guide rollers 2-6 are responsible for supporting the steel rail and fixing the left side and the right side of the steel rail so as to avoid the influence of the movement of the steel rail on the linearity measurement; the carrier roller assembly is mainly responsible for carrying in and sending out at the rail.
Furthermore, the centering and pressing mechanism 1 comprises centering and pressing racks 1-6, pressing assemblies and centering and positioning assemblies, wherein the centering and pressing racks 1-6 are fixedly arranged on the machine base 7, and the pressing assemblies and the centering and positioning assemblies are arranged on two sides of the position of the steel rail.
Furthermore, the number of the compression assemblies is two, the compression assemblies are arranged on two sides of the position of the steel rail, each compression assembly comprises a vertical telescopic cylinder 1-7, a cylinder seat 1-4 and a compression rod 1-1, the vertical telescopic cylinders 1-7 are arranged on the centering compression rack 1-6, one end of a connecting rod 1-3 is connected with the centering compression rack 1-6, the other end of the connecting rod 1-3 is hinged with the middle part of the compression rod 1-1, and the movable end of the vertical telescopic cylinders 1-7 is hinged with the outer end of the compression rod 1-1; after the vertical telescopic cylinder 1-7 is extended, the belt pressure rod 1-1 rotates, and the inner end of the pressure rod 1-1 compresses the steel rail;
the number of the centering and positioning assemblies is two, the centering and positioning assemblies are arranged on two sides of the position of the steel rail, each centering and positioning assembly comprises a transverse telescopic cylinder 1-2 and a cylinder fixing seat, and the transverse telescopic cylinders 1-2 are connected with centering and pressing racks 1-6 through the cylinder fixing seats; the movable ends of the transverse telescopic cylinders 1-2 are arranged towards the positions of the steel rails, and after the two transverse telescopic cylinders 1-2 extend, the steel rails are clamped and centered from two sides.
Furthermore, a compaction cushion block 1-5 is arranged between the steel rail and the centering compaction frame 1-6.
Further, the vertical telescopic cylinder 1-7 and the transverse telescopic cylinder 1-2 can select an air cylinder or an oil cylinder; the centering pressing mechanism 1 is arranged on two side parts and mainly takes charge of pressing and positioning functions in the steel rail conveying process, the pressing rod 1-1 and the connecting rod 1-3 are driven by the cylinder to fix the steel rail after the steel rail reaches a specified position, and after detection is finished, the pressing rod 1-1 is loosened to send the steel rail out of the detection mechanism.
Further, the straightness measuring assembly 3 comprises a measuring support, a sensor connecting plate 3-2 and a laser sensor 3-6, wherein the laser sensor 3-6 is arranged on the measuring support through the sensor connecting plate 3-2, and the measuring support is connected with the sensor lifting and translation mechanism 5.
Furthermore, the measuring bracket comprises a fixed plate 3-1, an upper plate 3-3 and two side plates 3-4, the two side plates 3-4 are arranged in parallel side by side, two ends of the upper plate 3-3 are respectively connected with the upper ends of the two side plates 3-4, two ends of the fixed plate 3-1 are respectively connected with the rear ends of the two side plates 3-4, and the side surface of the fixed plate 3-1 is connected with a sensor lifting translation mechanism 5 through a bolt; the laser sensor 3-6 is fixedly connected with the sensor connecting plate 3-2 through a bolt, the upper plate 3-3 is connected with the two side plates 3-4 through screws, and the side edges are in an irregular trapezoid shape and are connected with the fixed plate 3-1, the sensor connecting plate 3-2 and the upper plate 3-3; and a reinforcing plate 3-5 is also connected between the two side plates.
Further, the straightness measuring assembly 3 is connected with the sensor lifting and translation mechanism 5 through the fixing plate 3-1, when the sensor lifting and translation mechanism 5 is started, the laser sensor 3-6 is opened, after the sensor lifting and translation mechanism 5 walks a set distance, the sensor lifting and translation mechanism 5 stops moving, the laser sensor 3-6 is closed, and data measurement is completed.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the steel rail firstly passes through the centering pressing mechanism 1 on the left side, and finally reaches a designated position through the centering pressing mechanism 1 on the right side through the carrier roller and the steel rail guide mechanism 2. And then the centering and pressing mechanism 1 clamps the steel rail according to the size and specification of the steel rail, so that the error caused by unstable factors such as vibration and movement of the steel rail on the measurement of the straightness of the steel rail is prevented.
After the steel rail reaches a designated position and is successfully fixed, a synchronous belt 4-4 in the walking detection mechanism 4 starts to move, and the synchronous belt 4-4 stops moving when passing through a set pulse through pulse control; then after the measurement is finished, the synchronous belt 4-4 moves reversely to the initial position before the movement.
When the synchronous belt 4-4 moves through a pulse signal, the synchronous belt pulley 5-5 on the sensor lifting and translating mechanism 5 drives the synchronous belt to drive the sensor lifting and translating mechanism 5 to move, and the sensor lifting and translating mechanism 5 is provided with a servo motor 5-3 for driving the synchronous belt pulley 5-5 to move.
At the beginning of the movement of the sensor elevation and translation mechanism 5, the laser sensors 3-6 in the linearity measuring assembly 3 are turned on, start measuring, and are turned off when the sensor elevation and translation mechanism 5 stops moving forward.
After the sensor lifting and translation mechanism 5 returns to the initial position under the drive of the synchronous belt, the centering and pressing mechanism 1 loosens the steel rail, the carrier roller and the steel rail guide mechanism 2 convey the steel rail to be measured out of the measuring system, and the straightness measurement of one set of steel rail is completed.
The steel rail straightness detection method implemented by the steel rail straightness detection mechanism and adopting non-contact sensor combined positioning comprises the following steps:
s1, the laser sensor moves along the length direction of the guide rail, and the laser sensor scans and collects the local outline information of the steel rail at an angle;
s2, identifying the characteristic arc surface of the steel rail according to the local contour information of the steel rail and the position information and parameter information of the laser sensor;
s3, determining the position of the steel rail straightness detection area through the position coordinates of the circle centers of the two arc surfaces of the steel rail;
and S4, calculating the straightness of the steel rail.
Further, before step S1, the laser sensor returns to the starting point after scanning is finished; and if the information is not acquired, restarting the self-checking of the measuring system until the information is completely prepared.
Before step S2, filtering processing of invalid points is performed according to the collected rail local contour information.
Furthermore, the number of the laser sensors is two, the two laser sensors are respectively arranged on two sides above the steel rail, the single laser sensor scans the same side edge of the steel rail and the surface of the steel rail, the specific range is shown in fig. 2, and the range from K1 to K2 is provided.
Further, in the steps S1 and S2, the local contour information of the steel rail is the shape and point coordinates information of the steel rail within the sector scanning range of the laser sensor;
in step S2, the position information and the parameter information of the laser sensor include the spatial coordinates of the laser sensor and the position information of the effective scanning area of the laser sensor that need to be manually input.
Further, in step S2, the method for performing positioning and identification of the rail characteristic arc surface according to the acquired rail local contour image information specifically includes the following steps:
s2.1, acquiring image information of the local contour surface of the steel rail in real time through a laser sensor;
s2.2, after smooth fitting operation is carried out on the image information, identifying the area of the characteristic arc surface of the steel rail;
and S2.3, identifying the characteristic arc section, and deducing and calculating the coordinate of the fitting circle center of the characteristic arc surface of the steel rail according to the design arc radius.
Further, in step S3, calculating the position of the rail straightness detection area according to the acquired coordinates of the circle centers of the arc surfaces on the two sides of the rail, specifically including the following steps:
s3.1, calculating horizontal distances L0 and L1 between the circle centers of arcs on two sides of the upper surface of the cross section of the steel rail and the sensor on the same side respectively;
s3.2, acquiring a horizontal distance L2 between the two sensors;
s3.3, calculating a straightness detection area of the upper surface of the steel rail;
and S3.4, calculating straightness detection areas of two side surfaces of the steel rail according to the detection area of the upper surface of the steel rail and the circle center coordinates of the arc surface.
Further, in step S3.3, the specific process of calculating the detection area of the upper surface of the steel rail is as follows: and carrying out rapid characteristic recognition and capture on the profile information data of each group of section steel rails transmitted back by the two laser sensors, positioning to the theoretical circle center positions of the arcs on the two sides of the upper surface of the steel rail, and carrying out average calculation on the abscissa of the theoretical circle centers of the arcs on the two sides according to the approximate symmetry of the interface of the steel rail to be used as the central abscissa value of the detection area on the upper surface of the positioning steel rail.
Further, in the step S3.2, calculating the horizontal distance between the centers of the circular arcs at both sides and the sensors at both sides, and obtaining the horizontal distance by using a horizontal projection method; the horizontal distance L2 between the two sensors is determined by the guidance of the field installation process of the sensors, and the sensors are installed and then the measurement is manually recorded into the system.
Further, in the step S3.3, the central abscissa of the depocenter region where the rail upper surface detection region is located is calculated by the formula 0.5 × L0-0.5 × L1+0.5 × L2.
Further, in the step S3.4, the relative distance between the straightness detection areas on the upper surface of the steel rail and the straightness detection areas on the two side surfaces of the steel rail is obtained according to the relevant standards of the railway track, and the central abscissa of the region in the region of the coring neighborhood where the straightness detection areas on the two side surfaces of the steel rail are located is obtained through calculation.
And taking areas on two sides of the section of the steel rail with a vertical distance of 19.4mm below the upper surface of the steel rail as the center of a detection area on the side surface of the steel rail according to the standard, and taking an area with a distance of 7mm in the detection area for data extraction.
Furthermore, the collected data is subjected to straightness calculation processing to obtain a straightness index.
Further, in step S4, the specific process of calculating the straightness of the steel rail includes: grouping all the obtained data of the 3 straightness detection areas, carrying out moving average noise reduction processing with the length L, averaging the 3 groups of data of the same section to be used as a central point coordinate, obtaining a fitting curve equation according to a least square method, fitting a central line, calculating a point-to-fitting straight line distance Zn, and calculating the straightness of the three surfaces according to the following formula; the 3 straightness detection areas are respectively a steel rail upper surface straightness detection area and a steel rail two side surface straightness detection area.
Further, the difference between the maximum value of the single-point theoretical residual error of the fitting curve and the actual data and the minimum value of the theoretical residual error is calculated as the linearity result of the final output.
Further, the length L is 3-8 mm.
Further, the optimal choice of length L is 5 mm.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the specific work flow of the present invention is:
the first step is as follows: firstly, a measuring system is started, a sensor moves to a fixed area, the sensor A is started to scan, whether the scanning data of the sensor A is empty is detected, if the scanning data of the sensor A is empty, the previous step is returned, if the scanning data of the sensor A is not empty, the sensor B is started to scan, whether the scanning data of the sensor B is empty is detected, if the scanning data of the sensor B is empty, the previous step is returned, and if the scanning data of the sensor B is not empty, the data at the moment are numbered and stored. Moving to the next area for scanning, judging whether data with a preset length is obtained or not, and if not, returning to the beginning to perform scanning again;
the second step is that: and taking out the first group of data of the storage queue, identifying the circular arc curve of the central area of the sensor A, and calculating to obtain the theoretical circle center of the circular arc surface. And judging whether the coordinate is an effective coordinate, if so, identifying the arc curve of the central area of the sensor B, calculating to obtain the theoretical circle center of the arc surface, and if not, deleting the group of data and adding the following data. The step of this step is carried out again;
the third step: taking the two circle center coordinates calculated in the previous step, finding the central point of the two circle center coordinates, calculating the average value of the 7mm region to be measured with the central point as the middle point, storing the values, judging whether the values are effective values or not, judging whether the values are successfully stored or not, and entering the next step if all the values are successfully stored;
the fourth step: calculating the average value of the to-be-measured coordinates of the two side surfaces to be the same according to the average value of the central points calculated in the third step and a formula, finding the average value of the to-be-measured area with the width B (the B can be 6-8 mm, and the optimal B is 7mm) taking the point as the middle point, detecting the central points of a plurality of pairs of circle center coordinates on the same section of the steel rail by a laser sensor for a plurality of times, judging whether the central points are effective values, selecting the central points belonging to the to-be-measured area, if so, entering the next step, and if not, repeating the step;
(for example, in the case of a 2m long rail, the method measures 4000 sections, that is, in the second to fourth steps, the calculation of each feature point is performed 4000 times, and the number of sections is related to the frequency of the sensor and the moving speed of the sensor.)
The fifth step: and according to the average value of the middle points on the three surfaces obtained by calculation in the previous steps, obtaining a fitting curve formula by a least square method, traversing all recorded data, calculating the distance between the points and a fitting straight line, and finally calculating the straightness of the three surfaces of the steel rail according to a calculation formula of the straightness.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and certainly, the scope of the present invention should not be limited thereby, and therefore, the present invention is not limited by the scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a rail straightness accuracy detection mechanism, a serial communication port, the test platform comprises a support, the walking detection mechanism, bearing roller and rail guiding mechanism, centering hold-down mechanism, sensor lift translation mechanism and straightness accuracy measurement subassembly, two centering hold-down mechanisms and a bearing roller and rail guiding mechanism set up on the frame along same straight line, bearing roller and rail guiding mechanism set up between two centering hold-down mechanisms, the walking detection mechanism also sets up on the frame, linearity measurement subassembly passes through sensor lift translation mechanism and is connected with the walking detection mechanism, linearity measurement subassembly arranges in the top of rail position, walking detection mechanism drives linearity measurement subassembly along rail length direction round trip movement.
2. The steel rail straightness detecting mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the walking detecting mechanism comprises a rail support and a synchronous belt, the rail support is arranged on the base, a rail is arranged on the rail support along the length direction of the steel rail, a sliding block is arranged on the rail, the synchronous belt is arranged on the rail support and is arranged along the length direction of the rail, and the sensor lifting and translating mechanism is arranged on the sliding block and is connected with the synchronous belt.
3. A rail straightness detection mechanism according to claim 2, wherein the sensor elevation and translation mechanism comprises a belt guide mechanism, a servo motor, a sensor translation fixing frame and a synchronous belt wheel, the servo motor and the belt guide mechanism are fixedly arranged on the sensor translation fixing frame, the sensor translation fixing frame is arranged on the sliding block, and the synchronous belt wheel is connected with the synchronous belt wheel through the belt guide mechanism.
4. The steel rail straightness detection mechanism according to claim 3, wherein the belt guide mechanism comprises two belt guide wheels, namely a first belt guide wheel and a second belt guide wheel, which are arranged on two sides of the synchronous pulley, and the same belt sequentially bypasses the first belt guide wheel, the synchronous pulley and the second belt guide wheel; the servo motor drives the synchronous belt pulley to rotate, and the synchronous belt drives the sensor translation fixing frame to move back and forth along the linear track in the reverse direction.
5. The steel rail straightness detection mechanism according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the bottom of the rail support is connected with the base through a bolt, a pressing block and a belt tensioning device are sequentially arranged on the rail support along the length direction of the rail, and two ends of the synchronous belt are respectively connected with the pressing block and the belt tensioning device.
6. The steel rail straightness detection mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the carrier roller and steel rail guide mechanism comprises a guide frame, a guide connecting plate and guide rollers, the guide frame and the carrier roller frame are sequentially arranged on the machine base, the carrier roller barrel is transversely arranged on the carrier roller frame, the guide rollers are fixedly arranged on the guide frame through the guide connecting plate, and the two guide rollers are vertically arranged on two sides of the carrier roller barrel;
the carrier roller frame is provided with a carrier roller sliding frame, the carrier roller barrel is arranged on the carrier roller sliding frame, the carrier roller barrel can move up and down along the carrier roller sliding frame, the carrier roller barrel is connected with a jacking cylinder, and the jacking cylinder is arranged on the carrier roller frame.
7. The steel rail straightness detection mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the centering and pressing mechanism comprises a centering and pressing rack, a pressing assembly and a centering and positioning assembly, the centering and pressing rack is fixedly arranged on the machine base, and the pressing assembly and the centering and positioning assembly are arranged on two sides of the position of the steel rail.
8. The steel rail straightness detection mechanism according to claim 7, wherein the number of the compression assemblies is two, the compression assemblies are arranged on two sides of the position of the steel rail, each compression assembly comprises a vertical telescopic cylinder, a cylinder seat and a compression rod, the vertical telescopic cylinders are arranged on the centering compression rack, one end of each connecting rod is connected with the centering compression rack, the other end of each connecting rod is hinged with the middle of the corresponding compression rod, and the movable end of each vertical telescopic cylinder is hinged with the outer end of the corresponding compression rod;
the number of the centering and positioning assemblies is two, the centering and positioning assemblies are arranged on two sides of the position of the steel rail, each centering and positioning assembly comprises a transverse telescopic cylinder and a cylinder fixing seat, and the transverse telescopic cylinders are connected with the centering pressing rack through the cylinder fixing seats.
9. The steel rail straightness detection mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the straightness measurement assembly comprises a measurement bracket, a sensor connecting plate and a laser sensor, the laser sensor is arranged on the measurement bracket through the sensor connecting plate, and the measurement bracket is connected with the sensor lifting translation mechanism; the number of the laser sensors is 2, and the 2 laser sensors are arranged on two sides above the section of the steel rail to be detected.
10. The steel rail straightness detection mechanism according to claim 9, wherein the measurement support comprises a fixed plate, an upper plate and two side plates, the two side plates are arranged in parallel side by side, two ends of the upper plate are respectively connected with the upper ends of the two side plates, two ends of the fixed plate are respectively connected with the rear ends of the two side plates, and the fixed plate is connected with the sensor lifting and translating mechanism.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111293882.1A CN114088020A (en) | 2021-11-03 | 2021-11-03 | Steel rail straightness detection mechanism |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111293882.1A CN114088020A (en) | 2021-11-03 | 2021-11-03 | Steel rail straightness detection mechanism |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115265362A (en) * | 2022-07-04 | 2022-11-01 | 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 | Measuring method and measuring system for stretch reducer positioning block |
| CN115854949A (en) * | 2023-03-02 | 2023-03-28 | 泗水县金佳工贸有限公司 | Automatic arc detection device and control method for arc roller for roll paper |
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| CN206772243U (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2017-12-19 | 武汉利德测控技术有限公司 | A kind of device of dynamic measurement end of rail linearity |
| CN206914356U (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2018-01-23 | 武汉理工大学 | Dynamic measurement end of rail rail head linearity device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN206772243U (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2017-12-19 | 武汉利德测控技术有限公司 | A kind of device of dynamic measurement end of rail linearity |
| CN206914356U (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2018-01-23 | 武汉理工大学 | Dynamic measurement end of rail rail head linearity device |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115265362A (en) * | 2022-07-04 | 2022-11-01 | 包头钢铁（集团）有限责任公司 | Measuring method and measuring system for stretch reducer positioning block |
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