CN114087226B - Control system and method for air compressor of hydrogen fuel cell system and storage medium - Google Patents
Control system and method for air compressor of hydrogen fuel cell system and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN114087226B CN114087226B CN202111448836.4A CN202111448836A CN114087226B CN 114087226 B CN114087226 B CN 114087226B CN 202111448836 A CN202111448836 A CN 202111448836A CN 114087226 B CN114087226 B CN 114087226B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000135164 Timea Species 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009123 feedback regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04D27/004—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids by varying driving speed
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Control system, method and storage medium of hydrogen fuel cell system air compressor, wherein the control system of hydrogen fuel cell system air compressor comprises: the air compressor is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet; the air compressor control unit is connected with the air compressor; the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit is connected with an external power supply and the air compressor control unit and is used for suppressing circuit impact generated in the operation of the air compressor; a flow measurement unit for obtaining an air flow measurement at the air inlet; and the main control unit is used for adjusting the running states of the air compressor under different air flow measurement values through the flow measurement unit and the air compressor control unit, and inhibiting current impact and circuit impact generated in the running of the air compressor through the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit. The system can realize the control of the air compressor to operate after the rotating speed is changed according to the real-time air flow measurement value, and can simultaneously ensure that the circuit impact is restrained when the rotating speed of the air compressor is quickly regulated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of air compressor control, and particularly relates to a control system and method for an air compressor of a hydrogen fuel cell system and a storage medium.
Background
In current hydrogen fuel cell systems, in order to obtain stable air flow and pressure, calibration control is generally employed in which stack current is correlated with air compressor speed. The air compressor is controlled by the method, so that the air compressor can stably run at the same rotating speed under the same current, and the air flow and the fluctuation of the power supply current of the air compressor are reduced. However, the control mode is greatly affected by the environment, and different current-rotating speed curves are usually calibrated by using the ambient temperature and the pressure, so that the calibration is complicated, and the air flow is still affected by the environmental factors, so that insufficient air supply or excessive air supply of a pile can be caused. However, if the rotation speed of the air compressor needs to be controlled in a closed loop, frequent and rapid response to acceleration and deceleration commands is required, and very large forward and reverse current impact is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides the control system of the air compressor of the hydrogen fuel cell system, which solves the problems that the rotating speed of the air compressor needs to be calibrated frequently, closed-loop control is performed, and circuit impact is generated.
The invention also provides a control method of the air compressor of the hydrogen fuel cell system.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a control system for an air compressor of a hydrogen fuel cell system, including:
the air compressor is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet;
the air compressor control unit is provided with a positive input end, a negative input end, a control signal input end and a control signal output end, and the control signal output end is connected with the air compressor;
the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit is provided with a suppression signal input end, a first input end, a second input end, a first output end and a second output end, wherein the first input end and the second input end are commonly used for being connected with an external power supply, the first output end is connected with the positive input end, the second output end is connected with the negative input end, and the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit is used for suppressing circuit impact;
the flow measurement unit is provided with a data output end and is used for acquiring an air flow measurement value at the air inlet and outputting the air flow measurement value through the data output end;
the total control unit is provided with a data input end, a control output end and a suppression signal output end, wherein the data input end is connected with the data output end, the control output end is connected with the control signal input end, the suppression signal output end is connected with the suppression signal input end, the total control unit is used for adjusting the running states of the air compressor under different air flow measurement values through the flow measurement unit and the air compressor control unit, and the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit is used for suppressing circuit impact generated in the running of the air compressor.
The control system of the air compressor of the hydrogen fuel cell system has at least the following technical effects: the air compressor control device comprises a flow measuring unit, a main control unit, an air compressor control unit, a circuit fluctuation suppression circuit, a circuit impulse suppression circuit, a voltage current stabilization circuit, a circuit impulse suppression circuit and a circuit impulse suppression circuit.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the circuit ripple suppression circuit comprises:
the impact eliminating circuit is provided with a first impact eliminating end and a second impact eliminating end, the first impact eliminating end is connected with the positive input end, the second impact eliminating end is connected with the negative input end, and the impact eliminating circuit is used for eliminating current impact and voltage impact generated in the operation of the air compressor;
the pre-charging circuit is provided with a first pre-charging end, a second pre-charging end, a main contact end and a pre-charging contact end, wherein the first pre-charging end is connected with the first impact eliminating end, the second pre-charging end is connected with the external power supply, and the main contact end and the pre-charging contact end are both connected with the corresponding inhibition signal output end; the pre-charging circuit is used for charging the impact eliminating circuit;
the discharging circuit is provided with a first discharging end, a second discharging end and a discharging contact end, wherein the first discharging end is connected with the first pre-charging end, the second discharging end is connected with the external power supply, and the discharging contact end is connected with the corresponding suppression signal output end; the discharging circuit is used for releasing energy of the impact eliminating circuit.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the shock cancellation circuit comprises:
one end of the first capacitor is connected with the positive input end, and the other end of the first capacitor is connected with the negative input end;
a first resistor connected in parallel with the first capacitor;
and the voltage stabilizing diode is connected in parallel with the first capacitor in series with the series structure of the first resistor.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the precharge circuit includes:
one end of a first contact of the main contactor is connected with the positive input end, the other end of the first contact is connected with the external power supply, and a control coil of the main contactor is connected with the corresponding suppression signal output end;
a pre-charging contactor, wherein one end of a second contact is connected with one end of the first contact of the main contactor, the other end of the second contact is connected with the other end of the first contact of the main contactor, and a control coil of the pre-charging contactor is connected with the corresponding inhibition signal output end;
and a precharge resistor having one end connected to the other end of the second contact of the precharge contactor and the other end connected to the other end of the first contact of the main contactor.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the discharge circuit comprises:
one end of the discharging contactor is connected with the positive input end, the other end of the discharging contactor is connected with the negative input end, and a control coil of the discharging contactor is connected with the corresponding suppression signal output end;
and the discharge resistor is connected in series with the discharge contactor.
The method for controlling the air compressor of the hydrogen fuel cell system according to the embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention is applied to the control system of the hydrogen fuel cell system according to the embodiment of the first aspect, and the method for controlling the air compressor of the hydrogen fuel cell system includes the following steps:
acquiring an air flow measurement value transmitted by the flow measurement unit;
inputting the air flow measurement value into a PID controller to obtain a first rotational speed control signal of the air compressor;
determining the running state of the air compressor;
selecting a control strategy for the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit according to the running state, wherein the control strategy comprises an energy charging control strategy and an energy releasing control strategy;
the charging control strategy comprises the following steps: charging the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit, and sending the first rotational speed control signal to the air compressor control unit, wherein the duration of charging the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit is a preset first preset duration;
the energy release control strategy comprises the following steps: and releasing energy of the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit.
The control method of the air compressor of the hydrogen fuel cell system has at least the following technical effects: firstly, an air flow measured value transmitted by a flow measuring unit is obtained, the air flow measured value is input into a PID controller by a master control unit to obtain a first rotational speed control signal of the air compressor, the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit is charged before the air compressor is started, the air compressor is controlled to operate at a first rotational speed after the charging is completed, the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit is released after the air compressor is stopped, the current impact and the voltage impact can be suppressed when the rotational speed of the air compressor is rapidly regulated, the voltage and the current are stabilized, and the problems that the rotational speed of the air compressor is required to be frequently calibrated, and the circuit impact is generated in closed-loop control are solved.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the constraint formula for obtaining the first rotational speed control signal is:
wherein K is p For a preset proportional gain, K p Reciprocal relation with proportionality; t (T) t Is a preset integration time constant; t (T) D Is a preset differential time constant; u (t) is the first rotational speed control signal; e (t) is the difference between a preset flow target value and the air flow measurement value.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the circuit ripple suppression circuit includes a surge cancellation circuit, a pre-charge circuit, a discharge circuit, wherein the surge cancellation circuit includes a first capacitor, a first resistor, a zener diode; the pre-charging circuit comprises a main contactor, a pre-charging contactor and a pre-charging resistor; the discharging circuit comprises a discharging contactor and a discharging resistor;
if the running state represents that the air compressor is in a starting state;
the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit is charged, and the method comprises the following steps:
controlling the pre-charge contactor to be closed so that the first capacitor starts to charge;
and controlling the main contactor to be closed and controlling the pre-charging contactor to be opened so as to stop charging the first capacitor, wherein the interval duration between the closing of the pre-charging contactor and the opening of the pre-charging contactor is controlled to be a first preset duration.
According to some embodiments of the invention, if the running state characterizes the air compressor as a stopped state;
the energy release of the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit comprises the following steps:
and controlling the main contactor to be opened and controlling the discharging contactor to be closed so as to enable the first capacitor to start discharging, and controlling the discharging contactor to be opened after the discharging is completed.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The foregoing or additional aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
fig. 1 is an electrical system block diagram of an air compressor control system of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a circuit configuration diagram of a shock cancellation circuit of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a circuit configuration diagram of a precharge circuit and a discharge circuit of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of an air compressor control method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of an air compressor control method according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a flowchart of an air compressor control method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
an air compressor 100;
an air compressor control unit 200;
a circuit ripple suppression circuit 300, a surge cancellation circuit 310, a precharge circuit 320, and a discharge circuit 330;
a flow measurement unit 400;
the master control unit 500.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that references to orientation, such as upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, etc., are merely for convenience of description and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be taken as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, a number means one or more, a number means two or more, and greater than, less than, exceeding, etc. are understood to not include the present number, and above, below, within, etc. are understood to include the present number. The description of the first and second is for the purpose of distinguishing between technical features only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.
In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly defined otherwise, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection, etc. should be construed broadly and the specific meaning of the terms in the present invention can be reasonably determined by a person skilled in the art in combination with the specific contents of the technical scheme.
A hydrogen fuel cell system air compressor control system according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1 to 3.
According to an embodiment of the invention, a control system for an air compressor of a hydrogen fuel cell system comprises: the air compressor 100, the air compressor control unit 200, the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit 300, the flow measurement unit 400 and the general control unit 500.
An air compressor 100 having an air inlet and an air outlet;
the air compressor control unit 200 is provided with a positive input end, a negative input end, a control signal input end and a control signal output end, wherein the control signal output end is connected with the air compressor 100;
the circuit ripple suppression circuit 300 is provided with a suppression signal input end, a first input end, a second input end, a first output end and a second output end, wherein the first input end and the second input end are commonly used for being connected with an external power supply, the first output end is connected with a positive input end, the second output end is connected with a negative input end, and the circuit ripple suppression circuit 300 is used for suppressing circuit impact;
the flow measurement unit 400 is provided with a data output end, and the flow measurement unit 400 is used for acquiring the air flow measurement value at the air inlet and outputting the air flow measurement value through the data output end;
the general control unit 500 is provided with a data input end, a control output end and a suppression signal output end, the data input end is connected with the data output end, the control output end is connected with the control signal input end, the suppression signal output end is connected with the suppression signal input end, the general control unit 500 is used for adjusting the running states of the air compressor 100 under different air flow measurement values through the flow measurement unit 400 and the air compressor control unit 200, and the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit 300 is used for suppressing circuit impact generated in the running of the air compressor 100.
The flow measurement unit 400 may obtain an air flow measurement value at an air inlet of the air compressor 100, the general control unit 500 calculates a first rotation speed of the air compressor 100 through the air flow measurement value, a PID algorithm is adopted in a calculation process, and then the air compressor 100 is controlled to operate at the first rotation speed through the air compressor control unit 200, but the rotation speed of the air compressor 100 is controlled in a closed loop manner, frequent and rapid response to acceleration and deceleration commands is required, current impact and voltage impact are generated, the current impact and the voltage impact can be suppressed through the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit 300, the voltage current is stabilized, and the working process of suppressing the current impact and the voltage impact through the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit 300 is as follows: the operation state of the air compressor 100 is a starting state, and the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit 300 is charged, wherein the charging duration is a preset first preset duration; the operation state of the air compressor 100 is a stopped state, and the circuit ripple suppression circuit 300 is energized.
According to the air compressor control system of the hydrogen fuel cell system, the total control unit 500 calculates the first rotating speed of the air compressor 100 through the air flow measurement value output by the flow measurement unit 400, and controls the air compressor 100 to operate at the first rotating speed through the air compressor control unit 200, the air compressor 100 can inhibit circuit impact through the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit 300 in the operation process, current impact and voltage impact can be inhibited when the rotating speed of the air compressor 100 is regulated rapidly, voltage and current are stabilized, and the problems that the rotating speed of the air compressor 100 needs to be calibrated frequently and circuit impact is generated in closed-loop control are solved. It should be noted that, the controllers used in the present invention are all prior art, and are not described herein in detail, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 1 to 3, a circuit ripple suppression circuit 300 includes: the shock eliminating circuit 310, the precharge circuit 320, and the discharge circuit 330. The impact eliminating circuit 310 is provided with a first impact eliminating end and a second impact eliminating end, wherein the first impact eliminating end is connected with the positive input end, the second impact eliminating end is connected with the negative input end, and the impact eliminating circuit 310 is used for eliminating current impact and voltage impact generated in the operation of the air compressor 100; the precharge circuit 320 is provided with a first precharge terminal, a second precharge terminal, a main contact terminal and a precharge contact terminal, wherein the first precharge terminal is connected with the first impact eliminating terminal, the second precharge terminal is connected with an external power supply, and the main contact terminal and the precharge contact terminal are connected with corresponding inhibition signal output terminals; the pre-charging circuit 320 is used for charging the impact eliminating circuit 310; the discharging circuit 330 is provided with a first discharging end, a second discharging end and a discharging contact end, wherein the first discharging end is connected with the first pre-charging end, the second discharging end is connected with an external power supply, and the discharging contact end is connected with the corresponding inhibition signal output end; the discharge circuit 330 is used to de-energize the shock cancellation circuit 310. The impact eliminating circuit 310 can eliminate the current impact and voltage impact generated in the operation of the air compressor 100, and the pre-charging circuit 320 and the discharging circuit 330 can protect the charging and discharging processes of the impact eliminating circuit 310, so that the purpose of eliminating the circuit impact on the premise of ensuring the safety is achieved, and the service life of the air compressor control system is prolonged.
In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 1-3, the shock cancellation circuit 310 includes: a first capacitor C1, a first resistor R1 and a zener diode U1. One end of the first capacitor C1 is connected with the positive input end, and the other end of the first capacitor C1 is connected with the negative input end; the first resistor R1 is connected with the first capacitor C1 in parallel; the voltage stabilizing diode U1 is connected in series with the first resistor R1 in parallel with the first capacitor C1. The mode of connecting the first capacitor C1 and the first resistor R1 in series with the zener diode U1 can eliminate current surge and voltage surge, wherein the zener diode U1 should select a current which is larger, reverse breakdown voltage is not higher than the maximum value allowed by an external power supply circuit, and the function of the first resistor R1 connected in series with the zener diode U1 is to limit the current value of the zener diode U1 after reverse breakdown. The impact eliminating circuit 310 has simple circuit structure, fewer components, high reliability and lower cost.
In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 1 to 3, the precharge circuit 320 includes: a main contactor KM1, a pre-charge contactor KM2 and a pre-charge resistor R2. One end of a first contact of the main contactor KM1 is connected with the positive input end, the other end of the first contact is connected with an external power supply, and a control coil of the main contactor KM1 is connected with a corresponding suppression signal output end; one end of a second contact of the pre-charging contactor KM2 is connected with one end of a first contact of the main contactor KM1, the other end of the second contact is connected with the other end of the first contact of the main contactor KM1, and a control coil of the pre-charging contactor KM2 is connected with a corresponding suppression signal output end; and one end of the precharge resistor R2 is connected with the other end of the second contact of the precharge contactor KM2, and the other end of the precharge resistor R2 is connected with the other end of the first contact of the main contactor KM 1. The first contact is a normally open contact of the main contactor KM1, the second contact is a normally open contact of the pre-charging contactor KM2, the normally closed contact of the main contactor KM1 is opened after the control coil of the main contactor KM1 is electrified, the normally open contact is closed, the normally closed contact of the pre-charging contactor KM2 is opened after the control coil of the pre-charging contactor KM2 is electrified, when the pre-charging circuit 320 is used for charging, the main control unit 500 is used for electrifying the control coil of the pre-charging contactor KM2 through the inhibition signal output end, the normally closed contact of the pre-charging contactor KM2 is opened, the normally open contact is closed, the first capacitor C1 starts to be charged, the control coil of the pre-charging contactor KM2 is powered off after the first preset time period is continuously charged, the normally closed contact of the pre-charging contactor KM2 is closed, the normally closed contact of the pre-charging contactor KM2 is opened, the normally closed contact of the main contactor KM1 is opened, and the normally closed contact of the main contactor KM1 is closed, so that the first capacitor C1 stops being charged. The circuit has the advantages of simple structure, fewer components, high reliability and lower cost.
In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 1 to 3, the discharge circuit 330 includes: a discharge contactor KM3 and a discharge resistor R3. One end of the discharge contactor KM3 is connected with the positive input end, the other end of the discharge contactor KM3 is connected with the negative input end, and a control coil of the discharge contactor KM3 is connected with the corresponding suppression signal output end; the discharge resistor R3 is connected in series with the discharge contactor KM 3. When the discharging circuit 330 is used for energy release, the master control unit 500 cuts off the power of the control coil of the main contactor KM1 through the inhibition signal output end, and electrifies the control coil of the discharging contactor KM3, so that the normally closed contact of the main contactor KM1 is closed, the normally open contact is opened, the normally closed contact of the discharging contactor KM3 is opened, the normally open contact is closed, the first capacitor C1 starts to discharge, the control coil of the discharging contactor KM3 is cut off after the discharge is completed, the normally closed contact of the discharging contactor KM3 is closed, and the normally open contact is opened. The circuit has the advantages of simple structure, fewer components, high reliability and lower cost.
Here, the shock absorbing circuit 310, the precharge circuit 320, and the discharge circuit 330 may be components or circuit structures that can achieve the same functions, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
A method for controlling an air compressor of a hydrogen fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention will be described below with reference to fig. 4 to 6.
As shown in fig. 4, the control method of the air compressor of the hydrogen fuel cell system according to the embodiment of the invention includes, but is not limited to, the following steps:
acquiring an air flow measurement value transmitted by the flow measurement unit 400;
inputting the air flow measurement value into a PID controller to obtain a first rotational speed control signal of the air compressor 100;
determining an operation state of the air compressor 100;
selecting a control strategy for the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit 300 according to the operation state, wherein the control strategy comprises a charging control strategy and a releasing control strategy;
the charging control strategy comprises the following steps: charging the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit 300, and transmitting a first rotational speed control signal to the air compressor control unit 200, wherein the duration of charging the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit 300 is a preset first preset duration;
the energy release control strategy comprises the following steps: the circuit ripple suppression circuit 300 is de-energized.
The method comprises the steps that a real-time air flow measurement value at an air inlet of the air compressor 100 is obtained through a flow measurement unit 400, the air flow measurement value is input into a PID controller by a master control unit 500, a first rotational speed control signal of the air compressor 100 is obtained through calculation of a PID algorithm, the air compressor 100 is controlled to operate at a first rotational speed through an air compressor control unit 200, closed-loop control with the air flow as a target can be achieved, however, if the rotational speed of the air compressor 100 needs to be controlled in a closed-loop manner, frequent and rapid response to acceleration and deceleration commands are needed, circuit impact can be generated, current impact and voltage impact generated in the operation of the air compressor 100 can be eliminated through a circuit fluctuation suppression circuit 300, the process is realized through a control strategy of the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit 300 selected through the operation state of the air compressor 100, if the operation state of the air compressor 100 is characterized as a starting state, the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit 300 is charged for a preset duration, and after charging is completed, the air compressor 100 is controlled to operate at the first rotational speed through the air compressor control unit 200; if the operation state of the air compressor 100 is characterized as a stop state, the circuit ripple suppression circuit 300 is de-energized. The process of charging and discharging can eliminate current impact and voltage impact generated in the operation of the air compressor 100, can inhibit the current impact and voltage impact when the air compressor 100 rapidly adjusts the rotating speed, stabilizes the voltage and the current, and solves the problems that the rotating speed of the air compressor 100 needs to be calibrated frequently and circuit impact is generated in closed-loop control.
The flow rate measurement unit 400 may also be configured to obtain other data to be obtained, such as a hydrogen gas flow rate measurement value, and the manner in which the air flow rate measurement value is obtained may be by a sensor or may be another device with a data feedback function, and the present invention is not limited thereto.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the constraint equation for deriving the first rotational speed control signal is:
wherein K is p For a preset proportional gain, K p Reciprocal relation with proportionality; t (T) t Is a preset integration time constant; t (T) D Is a preset differential time constant; u (t) is a first rotational speed control signal; e (t) is the difference between the preset flow target value and the air flow measurement value.
The PID algorithm can enable the control system of the air compressor of the hydrogen fuel cell system to achieve the purposes of feedback regulation, automatic control, quick response, overshoot reduction, steady-state error reduction and control precision improvement. It should be noted that the PID algorithm is the prior art, and is not described herein.
In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 4 to 6, the circuit ripple suppression circuit 300 includes a surge cancellation circuit 310, a precharge circuit 320, a discharge circuit 330, wherein the surge cancellation circuit 310 includes a first capacitor C1, a first resistor R1, a zener diode U1; the precharge circuit 320 includes a main contactor KM1, a precharge contactor KM2, and a precharge resistor R2; the discharge circuit 330 includes a discharge contactor KM3 and a discharge resistor R3; if the running state represents that the air compressor 100 is in a starting state; energizing the circuit ripple suppression circuit 300 includes the steps of: controlling the pre-charging contactor KM2 to be closed so that the first capacitor C1 starts to be charged; and controlling the closing of the main contactor KM1 and the opening of the pre-charging contactor KM2 so as to stop charging of the first capacitor C1, wherein the interval duration between the closing of the pre-charging contactor KM2 and the opening of the pre-charging contactor KM2 is controlled to be a first preset duration.
The PID algorithm is used for controlling the air compressor 100, so that the air compressor 100 responds at a high speed and controls the rotating speed, a motor in the air compressor 100 can form higher current surge and voltage surge, and the current surge and the voltage surge can be eliminated by adopting a mode of connecting the first capacitor C1 in parallel and connecting the voltage stabilizing diode U1 in series. Wherein, the calculation formula of C1 is:
wherein T is C For a preset control period, I R U is the rated current of the air compressor 100 R Is the rated voltage of the air compressor 100. I is that R 、U R Are obtained from the equipment information of the air compressor 100.
The zener diode U1 should be selected to have a relatively high current and a reverse breakdown voltage not higher than the maximum allowable value of the external power supply circuit. The first resistor R1 connected in series with the zener diode U1 is used for limiting the current value of the zener diode U1 after reverse breakdown, and the calculation formula of the first resistor R1 is as follows:
wherein U is the preset maximum impulse voltage of the circuit, U D For the preset voltage stabilizing diode U1 voltage stabilizing voltage, I D Maximum current is allowed for reverse breakdown of the preset zener diode U1. The above parameters are obtained from the device information of the air compressor 100 and the parameter information of the external power supply.
The first capacitor C1 needs to use the precharge circuit 320 and the discharge circuit 330 to ensure the safety during the charging and discharging process. At the starting moment, namely at the time t1, the air compressor 100 is started, the master control unit 500 controls the pre-charging contactor KM2 to be closed, so that the first capacitor C1 starts to be charged, controls the main contactor KM1 to be closed and controls the pre-charging contactor KM2 to be opened at the time t2, so that the first capacitor C1 stops to be charged, wherein the time length between t1 and t2 is a first preset time length. It should be noted that, the closing of the pre-charging contactor KM2 may be controlled after a predetermined second predetermined time period is delayed after the air compressor 100 is started, which is not to be construed as a limitation of the present invention. The precharge resistor R2 is selected by considering two aspects of resistance and charging time, and the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein U is the preset maximum impulse voltage of the circuit, I is the preset allowable maximum current of the first capacitor C1, T is a preset charging period, and C is the preset capacitance value of the first capacitor C1. If the preset first preset duration is T and n periods are pre-charged, T in the formula is T/n. The above parameters are obtained from the device information of the air compressor 100 and the parameter information of the first capacitor C1 used.
In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 4 to 6, if the operation state characterizes the air compressor 100 as a stopped state; releasing energy from the circuit ripple suppression circuit 300 comprises the steps of: the main contactor KM1 is controlled to be opened, and the discharging contactor KM3 is controlled to be closed, so that the first capacitor C1 starts to discharge, and the discharging contactor KM3 is controlled to be opened after the discharge is completed. The formula of the discharge resistor R3 is:
wherein U is a preset maximum surge voltage of the circuit, and I is a preset maximum allowable current of the first capacitor C1. The above parameters are obtained from the device information of the air compressor 100 and the parameter information of the first capacitor C1 used.
The charging and discharging processes of the impact eliminating circuit 310 can be protected through the pre-charging circuit 320 and the discharging circuit 330, the purpose of eliminating circuit impact on the premise of ensuring safety is achieved, and the service life of the air compressor control system is prolonged.
In the description of the present specification, reference to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that: many changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A hydrogen fuel cell system air compressor control system, comprising:
the air compressor is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet;
the air compressor control unit is provided with a positive input end, a negative input end, a control signal input end and a control signal output end, and the control signal output end is connected with the air compressor;
the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit is provided with a suppression signal input end, a first input end, a second input end, a first output end and a second output end, wherein the first input end and the second input end are commonly used for being connected with an external power supply, the first output end is connected with the positive input end, the second output end is connected with the negative input end, and the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit is used for suppressing circuit impact;
the flow measurement unit is provided with a data output end and is used for acquiring an air flow measurement value at the air inlet and outputting the air flow measurement value through the data output end;
the total control unit is provided with a data input end, a control output end and a suppression signal output end, wherein the data input end is connected with the data output end, the control output end is connected with the control signal input end, the suppression signal output end is connected with the suppression signal input end, the total control unit is used for adjusting the running states of the air compressor under different air flow measurement values through the flow measurement unit and the air compressor control unit, and the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit is used for suppressing circuit impact generated in the running of the air compressor.
2. The control system according to claim 1, wherein the circuit ripple suppression circuit includes:
the impact eliminating circuit is provided with a first impact eliminating end and a second impact eliminating end, the first impact eliminating end is connected with the positive input end, the second impact eliminating end is connected with the negative input end, and the impact eliminating circuit is used for eliminating current impact and voltage impact generated in the operation of the air compressor;
the pre-charging circuit is provided with a first pre-charging end, a second pre-charging end, a main contact end and a pre-charging contact end, wherein the first pre-charging end is connected with the first impact eliminating end, the second pre-charging end is connected with the external power supply, and the main contact end and the pre-charging contact end are both connected with the corresponding inhibition signal output end; the pre-charging circuit is used for charging the impact eliminating circuit;
the discharging circuit is provided with a first discharging end, a second discharging end and a discharging contact end, wherein the first discharging end is connected with the first pre-charging end, the second discharging end is connected with the external power supply, and the discharging contact end is connected with the corresponding suppression signal output end; the discharging circuit is used for releasing energy of the impact eliminating circuit.
3. The control system of claim 2, wherein the shock cancellation circuit comprises:
one end of the first capacitor is connected with the positive input end, and the other end of the first capacitor is connected with the negative input end;
a first resistor connected in parallel with the first capacitor;
and the voltage stabilizing diode is connected in parallel with the first capacitor in series with the series structure of the first resistor.
4. The control system of claim 2, wherein the precharge circuit comprises:
one end of a first contact of the main contactor is connected with the positive input end, the other end of the first contact is connected with the external power supply, and a control coil of the main contactor is connected with the corresponding suppression signal output end;
a pre-charging contactor, wherein one end of a second contact is connected with one end of the first contact of the main contactor, the other end of the second contact is connected with the other end of the first contact of the main contactor, and a control coil of the pre-charging contactor is connected with the corresponding inhibition signal output end;
and a precharge resistor having one end connected to the other end of the second contact of the precharge contactor and the other end connected to the other end of the first contact of the main contactor.
5. The control system of claim 2, wherein the discharge circuit comprises:
one end of the discharging contactor is connected with the positive input end, the other end of the discharging contactor is connected with the negative input end, and a control coil of the discharging contactor is connected with the corresponding suppression signal output end;
and the discharge resistor is connected in series with the discharge contactor.
6. A control method for a hydrogen fuel cell system air compressor, characterized by being applied to the hydrogen fuel cell system air compressor control system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the hydrogen fuel cell system air compressor control method comprising the steps of:
acquiring an air flow measurement value transmitted by the flow measurement unit;
inputting the air flow measurement value into a PID controller to obtain a first rotational speed control signal of the air compressor;
determining the running state of the air compressor;
selecting a control strategy for the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit according to the running state, wherein the control strategy comprises an energy charging control strategy and an energy releasing control strategy;
the charging control strategy comprises the following steps: charging the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit, and sending the first rotational speed control signal to the air compressor control unit, wherein the duration of charging the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit is a preset first preset duration;
the energy release control strategy comprises the following steps: and releasing energy of the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit.
7. The control method according to claim 6, wherein the constraint equation for obtaining the first rotational speed control signal is:
wherein K is p For a preset proportional gain, K p Reciprocal relation with proportionality; t (T) t For a preset integration timeA constant; t (T) D Is a preset differential time constant; u (t) is the first rotational speed control signal; e (t) is the difference between a preset flow target value and the air flow measurement value.
8. The control method according to claim 6, wherein the circuit ripple suppression circuit includes a surge cancellation circuit, a precharge circuit, a discharge circuit, wherein the surge cancellation circuit includes:
one end of the first capacitor is connected with the positive input end, and the other end of the first capacitor is connected with the negative input end;
a first resistor connected in parallel with the first capacitor;
the voltage stabilizing diode is connected in parallel with the first capacitor through a serial structure of the voltage stabilizing diode which is connected in series with the first resistor;
the precharge circuit includes:
one end of a first contact of the main contactor is connected with the positive input end, the other end of the first contact is connected with the external power supply, and a control coil of the main contactor is connected with the corresponding suppression signal output end;
a pre-charging contactor, wherein one end of a second contact is connected with one end of the first contact of the main contactor, the other end of the second contact is connected with the other end of the first contact of the main contactor, and a control coil of the pre-charging contactor is connected with the corresponding inhibition signal output end;
a precharge resistor having one end connected to the other end of the second contact of the precharge contactor and the other end connected to the other end of the first contact of the main contactor;
the discharge circuit includes:
one end of the discharging contactor is connected with the positive input end, the other end of the discharging contactor is connected with the negative input end, and a control coil of the discharging contactor is connected with the corresponding suppression signal output end;
a discharge resistor connected in series with the discharge contactor;
if the running state represents that the air compressor is in a starting state;
the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit is charged, and the method comprises the following steps:
controlling the pre-charge contactor to be closed so that the first capacitor starts to charge;
and controlling the main contactor to be closed and controlling the pre-charging contactor to be opened so as to stop charging the first capacitor, wherein the interval duration between the closing of the pre-charging contactor and the opening of the pre-charging contactor is controlled to be a first preset duration.
9. The control method according to claim 8, characterized in that if the operation state characterizes the air compressor as a stopped state;
the energy release of the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit comprises the following steps:
and controlling the main contactor to be opened and controlling the discharging contactor to be closed so as to enable the first capacitor to start discharging, and controlling the discharging contactor to be opened after the discharging is completed.
10. A computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions for causing a computer to execute the hydrogen fuel cell system air compressor control method according to any one of claims 6 to 9.
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