CN114087226A - Air compressor control system, method and storage medium for hydrogen fuel cell system - Google Patents
Air compressor control system, method and storage medium for hydrogen fuel cell system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114087226A CN114087226A CN202111448836.4A CN202111448836A CN114087226A CN 114087226 A CN114087226 A CN 114087226A CN 202111448836 A CN202111448836 A CN 202111448836A CN 114087226 A CN114087226 A CN 114087226A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000116 mitigating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009123 feedback regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04D27/004—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids by varying driving speed
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
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Abstract
Hydrogen fuel cell system air compressor control system, method and storage medium, wherein the hydrogen fuel cell system air compressor control system comprises: an air compressor having an air inlet and an air outlet; the air compressor control unit is connected with the air compressor; the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit is connected with an external power supply and the air compressor control unit and is used for suppressing circuit impact generated in the operation of the air compressor; a flow measurement unit for acquiring a measurement value of air flow at the air inlet; and the master control unit is used for adjusting the running states of the air compressor under different air flow measurement values through the flow measurement unit and the air compressor control unit and inhibiting current impact and circuit impact generated in the running of the air compressor through the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit. Through the system, the air compressor can be controlled to operate after the rotating speed is changed according to the real-time air flow measurement value, and meanwhile, circuit impact can be restrained when the rotating speed of the air compressor is rapidly adjusted.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of air compressor control, and particularly relates to a hydrogen fuel cell system air compressor control system, a hydrogen fuel cell system air compressor control method and a storage medium.
Background
In current hydrogen fuel cell systems, calibration control of the stack current in relation to the air compressor speed is typically employed in order to achieve a stable air flow and pressure. By controlling the air compressor by the method, the air compressor can stably run at the same rotating speed under the same current, and the air flow and the fluctuation of the power supply current of the air compressor are reduced. However, the control method is greatly influenced by the environment, different current-rotation speed curves are usually calibrated by the ambient temperature and the ambient pressure, the calibration is complicated, and the air flow is still influenced by the environmental factors, so that the insufficient air supply or the excessive air supply of the galvanic pile can be caused. However, if the rotating speed of the air compressor needs to be controlled in a closed loop manner, the frequent and rapid response to acceleration and deceleration commands is required, and very large positive and negative current impact can be caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides a hydrogen fuel cell system air compressor control system which solves the problem that circuit impact can be generated due to the fact that the rotating speed of an air compressor needs to be calibrated frequently and closed-loop control is needed.
The invention also provides a control method of the air compressor of the hydrogen fuel cell system.
The hydrogen fuel cell system air compressor control system according to the embodiment of the first aspect of the invention includes:
an air compressor having an air inlet and an air outlet;
the air compressor control unit is provided with a positive input end, a negative input end, a control signal input end and a control signal output end, and the control signal output end is connected with the air compressor;
the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit is provided with a suppression signal input end, a first input end, a second input end, a first output end and a second output end, wherein the first input end and the second input end are jointly used for connecting an external power supply, the first output end is connected with the positive input end, the second output end is connected with the negative input end, and the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit is used for suppressing circuit impact;
the flow measurement unit is provided with a data output end and is used for acquiring an air flow measurement value at the air inlet and outputting the air flow measurement value through the data output end;
the total control unit is provided with a data input end, a control output end and an inhibiting signal output end, the data input end is connected with the data output end, the control output end is connected with the control signal input end, the inhibiting signal output end is connected with the inhibiting signal input end, the total control unit is used for adjusting the running state of the air compressor under different air flow measurement values through the flow measurement unit and the air compressor control unit, and the circuit fluctuation inhibiting circuit is used for inhibiting circuit impact generated in the running of the air compressor.
The air compressor control system of the hydrogen fuel cell system according to the embodiment of the invention has at least the following technical effects: the air flow measurement value is output through the flow measurement unit, the main control unit can calculate the first rotating speed of the air compressor through the air flow measurement value, the air compressor is controlled to operate at the first rotating speed through the air compressor control unit, the air compressor can inhibit current impact and voltage impact through the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit in the operation process, circuit impact can be inhibited when the air compressor rapidly adjusts the rotating speed, the voltage current is stabilized, and the problems that the rotating speed of the air compressor needs to be calibrated frequently, and circuit impact is generated due to closed-loop control are solved.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the circuit ripple suppression circuit comprises:
the impact elimination circuit is provided with a first impact elimination end and a second impact elimination end, the first impact elimination end is connected with the positive input end, the second impact elimination end is connected with the negative input end, and the impact elimination circuit is used for eliminating current impact and voltage impact generated in the operation of the air compressor;
the pre-charging circuit is provided with a first pre-charging end, a second pre-charging end, a main contact end and a pre-charging contact end, the first pre-charging end is connected with the first impact elimination end, the second pre-charging end is connected with the external power supply, and the main contact end and the pre-charging contact end are connected with the corresponding inhibiting signal output end; the pre-charging circuit is used for charging the impact elimination circuit;
the discharge circuit is provided with a first discharge end, a second discharge end and a discharge contact end, the first discharge end is connected with the first pre-charge end, the second discharge end is connected with the external power supply, and the discharge contact end is connected with the corresponding suppression signal output end; the discharge circuit is used for releasing energy to the impact elimination circuit.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the shock mitigation circuit comprises:
a first capacitor, one end of which is connected with the positive input end and the other end of which is connected with the negative input end;
the first resistor is connected with the first capacitor in parallel;
and the voltage stabilizing diode is connected with the first capacitor in parallel in a series structure after being connected with the first resistor in series.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the pre-charge circuit comprises:
one end of a first contact of the main contactor is connected with the positive input end, the other end of the first contact is connected with the external power supply, and a control coil of the main contactor is connected with the corresponding suppression signal output end;
one end of a second contact of the pre-charging contactor is connected with one end of the first contact of the main contactor, the other end of the second contact is connected with the other end of the first contact of the main contactor, and a control coil of the pre-charging contactor is connected with the corresponding suppression signal output end;
and one end of the pre-charging resistor is connected with the other end of the second contact of the pre-charging contactor, and the other end of the pre-charging resistor is connected with the other end of the first contact of the main contactor.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the discharge circuit comprises:
one end of the discharge contactor is connected with the positive input end, the other end of the discharge contactor is connected with the negative input end, and a control coil of the discharge contactor is connected with the corresponding suppression signal output end;
and the discharge resistor is connected with the discharge contactor in series.
The hydrogen fuel cell system air compressor control method according to the embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention is applied to the hydrogen fuel cell system air compressor control system of the above-described embodiment of the first aspect, and includes the steps of:
obtaining a measure of air flow delivered by the flow measurement unit;
inputting the measured value of the air flow into a PID controller to obtain a first speed control signal of the air compressor;
determining the running state of the air compressor;
selecting a control strategy for the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit according to the running state, wherein the control strategy comprises an energy charging control strategy and an energy releasing control strategy;
wherein the charging control strategy comprises the steps of: charging the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit, and sending the first speed control signal to the air compressor control unit, wherein the charging duration of the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit is a preset first preset duration;
the energy release control strategy comprises the following steps: and discharging energy from the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit.
The method for controlling the air compressor of the hydrogen fuel cell system, provided by the embodiment of the invention, at least has the following technical effects: the method comprises the steps of firstly obtaining an air flow measured value transmitted by a flow measurement unit, inputting the air flow measured value into a PID (proportion integration differentiation) controller by a master control unit to obtain a first rotating speed control signal of the air compressor, firstly charging an energy of a circuit fluctuation suppression circuit before the air compressor is started, then controlling the air compressor to operate at a first rotating speed after the energy charging is completed, and then releasing the energy of the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit after the air compressor is stopped, so that current impact and voltage impact can be suppressed and voltage current can be stabilized when the air compressor rapidly adjusts the rotating speed, and the problems that the rotating speed of the air compressor needs to be frequently calibrated and the circuit impact is generated by closed-loop control are solved.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the constraint formula for deriving the first speed control signal is:
in the formula, KpFor a predetermined proportional gain, KpIs in reciprocal relation with the proportionality; t istIs a preset integral time constant; t isDIs a preset differential time constant; u (t) is the first rotational speed control signal; e (t) is the difference between a preset target flow rate value and the measured air flow rate value.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit comprises an impact elimination circuit, a pre-charge circuit, and a discharge circuit, wherein the impact elimination circuit comprises a first capacitor, a first resistor, and a zener diode; the pre-charging circuit comprises a main contactor, a pre-charging contactor and a pre-charging resistor; the discharge circuit comprises a discharge contactor and a discharge resistor;
if the running state represents that the air compressor is in a starting state;
the charging of the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit comprises the following steps:
controlling the pre-charging contactor to be closed so that the first capacitor starts to be charged;
the method comprises the steps of controlling the main contactor to be closed and controlling the pre-charging contactor to be opened so that the first capacitor stops charging, and controlling the interval duration between the closing of the pre-charging contactor and the opening of the pre-charging contactor to be a first preset duration.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, if the operation state indicates that the air compressor is in a stop state;
the energy release of the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit comprises the following steps:
and controlling the main contactor to be switched off and the discharge contactor to be switched on so as to enable the first capacitor to start discharging, and controlling the discharge contactor to be switched off after discharging is finished.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is an electrical system block diagram of an air compressor control system of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a circuit configuration diagram of an impact elimination circuit of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a circuit configuration diagram of a precharge circuit and a discharge circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of an air compressor control method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of an air compressor control method according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a flowchart of an air compressor control method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
an air compressor 100;
an air compressor control unit 200;
a circuit fluctuation suppression circuit 300, a surge elimination circuit 310, a precharge circuit 320, and a discharge circuit 330;
a flow rate measurement unit 400;
and a master control unit 500.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the directional descriptions, such as the directions of upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, etc., are referred to only for convenience of describing the present invention and for simplicity of description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, the meaning of a plurality of means is one or more, the meaning of a plurality of means is two or more, and larger, smaller, larger, etc. are understood as excluding the number, and larger, smaller, inner, etc. are understood as including the number. If the first and second are described for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, they are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly limited, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection and the like should be understood in a broad sense, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in combination with the specific contents of the technical solutions.
A hydrogen fuel cell system air compressor control system according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the invention is described below with reference to fig. 1 to 3.
The hydrogen fuel cell system air compressor control system according to the embodiment of the invention comprises: the air compressor comprises an air compressor 100, an air compressor control unit 200, a circuit fluctuation suppression circuit 300, a flow measurement unit 400 and a master control unit 500.
An air compressor 100 having an air inlet and an air outlet;
an air compressor control unit 200 having a positive input terminal, a negative input terminal, a control signal input terminal, and a control signal output terminal, the control signal output terminal being connected to the air compressor 100;
the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit 300 is provided with a suppression signal input end, a first input end, a second input end, a first output end and a second output end, wherein the first input end and the second input end are jointly used for connecting an external power supply, the first output end is connected with the positive input end, the second output end is connected with the negative input end, and the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit 300 is used for suppressing circuit impact;
a flow measurement unit 400 having a data output, the flow measurement unit 400 being configured to obtain a measured value of air flow at the air inlet and output the measured value by the data output;
the total control unit 500 is provided with a data input end, a control output end and an inhibition signal output end, the data input end is connected with the data output end, the control output end is connected with the control signal input end, the inhibition signal output end is connected with the inhibition signal input end, the total control unit 500 is used for adjusting the running states of the air compressor 100 under different air flow measurement values through the flow measurement unit 400 and the air compressor control unit 200, and the circuit fluctuation inhibition circuit 300 is used for inhibiting circuit impact generated in the running of the air compressor 100.
According to the hydrogen fuel cell system air compressor control system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the main control unit 500 calculates the first rotating speed of the air compressor 100 through the air flow measurement value output by the flow measurement unit 400, and controls the air compressor 100 to operate at the first rotating speed through the air compressor control unit 200, and the air compressor 100 can inhibit circuit impact through the circuit fluctuation inhibition circuit 300 in the operation process, so that the current impact and the voltage impact can be inhibited when the air compressor 100 rapidly adjusts the rotating speed, the voltage and the current are stabilized, and the problems that the rotating speed of the air compressor 100 needs to be frequently calibrated and circuit impact is generated by closed-loop control are solved. It should be noted that the controllers used in the present invention are all the prior art, and are not described herein again, which should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 1-3, the circuit ripple suppression circuit 300 includes: a surge elimination circuit 310, a pre-charge circuit 320, and a discharge circuit 330. The impact elimination circuit 310 is provided with a first impact elimination end and a second impact elimination end, the first impact elimination end is connected with the positive input end, the second impact elimination end is connected with the negative input end, and the impact elimination circuit 310 is used for eliminating current impact and voltage impact generated in the operation of the air compressor 100; the pre-charging circuit 320 is provided with a first pre-charging end, a second pre-charging end, a main contact end and a pre-charging contact end, wherein the first pre-charging end is connected with the first impact elimination end, the second pre-charging end is connected with an external power supply, and the main contact end and the pre-charging contact end are connected with the corresponding inhibition signal output ends; the pre-charge circuit 320 is used for charging the impact elimination circuit 310; the discharge circuit 330 is provided with a first discharge end, a second discharge end and a discharge contact end, wherein the first discharge end is connected with the first pre-charge end, the second discharge end is connected with an external power supply, and the discharge contact end is connected with the corresponding suppression signal output end; the discharge circuit 330 is used to discharge the shock cancellation circuit 310. The impact elimination circuit 310 can eliminate current impact and voltage impact generated in the operation of the air compressor 100, the charging and discharging processes of the impact elimination circuit 310 can be protected through the pre-charging circuit 320 and the discharging circuit 330, the purpose of eliminating circuit impact on the premise of ensuring safety is achieved, and the service life of the air compressor control system is prolonged.
In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 1-3, the shock mitigation circuit 310 includes: the circuit comprises a first capacitor C1, a first resistor R1 and a voltage stabilizing diode U1. A first capacitor C1 having one end connected to the positive input end and the other end connected to the negative input end; a first resistor R1 connected in parallel with the first capacitor C1; the series structure of the zener diode U1 connected in series with the first resistor R1 is connected in parallel with the first capacitor C1. The mode that the first capacitor C1 and the first resistor R1 are connected in series with the zener diode U1 in parallel can be used for eliminating current surge and voltage surge, wherein the zener diode U1 is selected to have larger current and the reverse breakdown voltage is not higher than the maximum value allowed by an external power supply circuit, and the first resistor R1 connected in series with the zener diode U1 has the function of limiting the current value of the zener diode U1 after reverse breakdown. The circuit structure of the shock eliminating circuit 310 is simple, the number of components is small, the reliability is high, and the cost is low.
In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 1-3, the pre-charge circuit 320 includes: main contactor KM1, pre-charging contactor KM2 and pre-charging resistor R2. One end of a first contact of the main contactor KM1 is connected with the positive input end, the other end of the first contact is connected with an external power supply, and a control coil of the main contactor KM1 is connected with a corresponding suppression signal output end; one end of a second contact of the precharging contactor KM2 is connected with one end of a first contact of the main contactor KM1, the other end of the second contact is connected with the other end of the first contact of the main contactor KM1, and a control coil of the precharging contactor KM2 is connected with a corresponding suppression signal output end; one end of the precharge resistor R2 is connected to the other end of the second contact of the precharge contactor KM2, and the other end thereof is connected to the other end of the first contact of the main contactor KM 1. The first contact is a normally open contact of a main contactor KM1, the second contact is a normally open contact of a pre-charging contactor KM2, a normally closed contact of the main contactor KM1 is disconnected after a control coil of the main contactor KM1 is electrified, the normally open contact is closed, a normally closed contact of a pre-charging contactor KM2 is disconnected after the control coil of the pre-charging contactor KM2 is electrified, the normally open contact is closed, when the pre-charging circuit 320 is used for charging, the main control unit 500 conducts electricity to the control coil of the pre-charging contactor KM2 through an inhibiting signal output end, the normally closed contact of the pre-charging contactor KM2 is disconnected, the normally open contact is closed, the first capacitor C1 starts to be charged, the control coil of the pre-charging contactor KM2 is powered off after the charging is continuously carried out for a first preset time, the control coil of the main contactor KM1 is electrified, the normally closed contact of the pre-charging contactor KM2, the normally open contact is opened, the normally closed contact of the main contactor KM1 is disconnected, and the normally closed contact is closed, so that the first capacitor C1 stops charging. The circuit has the advantages of simple structure, few components, high reliability and low cost.
In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 1-3, the discharge circuit 330 includes: discharge contactor KM3, discharge resistor R3. One end of the discharge contactor KM3 is connected with the positive input end, the other end of the discharge contactor KM3 is connected with the negative input end, and a control coil of the discharge contactor KM3 is connected with the corresponding suppression signal output end; and a discharge resistor R3 connected in series with the discharge contactor KM 3. When discharging circuit 330 is used for releasing energy, the total control unit 500 powers off the control coil of the main contactor KM1 through the suppression signal output end, and powers on the control coil of the discharging contactor KM3, so that the normally closed contact of the main contactor KM1 is closed, the normally open contact is disconnected, the normally closed contact of the discharging contactor KM3 is disconnected, the normally open contact is closed, so that the first capacitor C1 starts to discharge, the control coil of the discharging contactor KM3 powers off after discharging is completed, the normally closed contact of the discharging contactor KM3 is closed, and the normally open contact is disconnected. The circuit has the advantages of simple structure, few components, high reliability and low cost.
It should be noted that the surge suppressing circuit 310, the precharge circuit 320, and the discharge circuit 330 may be configured using components or circuit configurations that can achieve the same functions, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
A hydrogen fuel cell system air compressor control method according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the invention is described below with reference to fig. 4 to 6.
As shown in fig. 4, the method for controlling an air compressor of a hydrogen fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes, but is not limited to, the following steps:
acquiring a measure of air flow delivered by flow measurement unit 400;
inputting the measured value of the air flow into a PID controller to obtain a first speed control signal of the air compressor 100;
determining the operation state of the air compressor 100;
selecting a control strategy for the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit 300 according to the running state, wherein the control strategy comprises an energy charging control strategy and an energy releasing control strategy;
the energy charging control strategy comprises the following steps: charging the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit 300, sending a first rotation speed control signal to the air compressor control unit 200, and setting the charging duration of the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit 300 to be a preset first preset duration;
the energy release control strategy comprises the following steps: the circuit ripple suppression circuit 300 is de-energized.
The real-time air flow measurement value at the air inlet of the air compressor 100 is obtained through the flow measurement unit 400, the air flow measurement value is input into the PID controller through the general control unit 500, a first rotating speed control signal of the air compressor 100 is obtained through the calculation of a PID algorithm, the air compressor 100 is controlled to operate at the first rotating speed through the air compressor control unit 200, closed-loop control targeting the air flow can be realized, however, if the rotating speed of the air compressor 100 needs to be controlled in a closed-loop mode, frequent and rapid response to acceleration and deceleration commands can be needed, circuit impact can be generated, current impact and voltage impact generated in the operation of the air compressor 100 can be eliminated through the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit 300, the process is realized through selecting a control strategy of the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit 300 according to the operation state of the air compressor 100, if the operation state of the air compressor 100 is characterized as a starting state, the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit 300 is charged, the energy charging duration is a preset first preset duration, and after the energy charging is completed, the air compressor 100 is controlled to operate at a first rotating speed through the air compressor control unit 200; if the operation state of the air compressor 100 is characterized as the stop state, the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit 300 is de-energized. The processes of energy charging and energy releasing can eliminate current impact and voltage impact generated in the operation of the air compressor 100, so that the current impact and the voltage impact can be inhibited when the rotating speed of the air compressor 100 is rapidly adjusted, the voltage and the current are stabilized, and the problem that circuit impact is generated due to the fact that the rotating speed of the air compressor 100 needs to be calibrated frequently and closed-loop control is solved.
It should be noted that the flow rate measurement unit 400 may also acquire other data that needs to be acquired, such as a hydrogen flow rate measurement value, and the manner of acquiring the air flow rate measurement value may be detection by a sensor, or may be other devices with a data feedback function, and is not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the constraint equation for obtaining the first speed control signal is:
in the formula, KpFor a predetermined proportional gain, KpIs in reciprocal relation with the proportionality; t istIs a preset integral time constant; t isDIs a preset differential time constant; u (t) is a first rotation speed control signal; e (t) is the difference between the preset target flow rate and the measured air flow rate.
The PID algorithm can realize the purposes of feedback regulation, automatic control, quick response, reduction of overshoot and steady-state error and improvement of control precision for the air compressor control system of the hydrogen fuel cell system. It should be noted that the PID algorithm is the prior art, and is not described herein.
In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 4 to 6, the circuit ripple suppression circuit 300 includes a surge elimination circuit 310, a pre-charge circuit 320, and a discharge circuit 330, wherein the surge elimination circuit 310 includes a first capacitor C1, a first resistor R1, and a zener diode U1; the pre-charging circuit 320 comprises a main contactor KM1, a pre-charging contactor KM2 and a pre-charging resistor R2; the discharge circuit 330 comprises a discharge contactor KM3 and a discharge resistor R3; if the running state represents that the air compressor 100 is in a starting state; charging the circuit ripple suppression circuit 300, comprising the steps of: controlling the pre-charging contactor KM2 to be closed so that the first capacitor C1 starts to be charged; the main contactor KM1 is controlled to be closed, the pre-charging contactor KM2 is controlled to be opened, so that the first capacitor C1 stops charging, and the interval time between the closing of the pre-charging contactor KM2 and the opening of the pre-charging contactor KM2 is controlled to be a first preset time.
The PID algorithm is used for controlling the air compressor 100 to cause high-speed response and control rotating speed of the air compressor 100, a motor in the air compressor 100 can form high current impact and voltage impact, and the current impact and the voltage impact can be eliminated by connecting the first capacitor C1 in parallel and connecting the voltage stabilizing diode U1 in series. Wherein, the calculation formula of C1 is:
in the formula, TCFor a predetermined control period, IRRated current, U, of the air compressor 100RIs the rated voltage of the air compressor 100. In addition, IR、URAre obtained from the equipment information of the air compressor 100.
The zener diode U1 should be selected to have a large current and a reverse breakdown voltage not higher than the maximum value allowed by the external power supply circuit. The first resistor R1 connected in series with the zener diode U1 is used for limiting the current value of the zener diode U1 after reverse breakdown, and the calculation formula of the first resistor R1 is as follows:
wherein U is the preset maximum circuit surge voltage, UDFor stabilizing the voltage, I, of a predetermined zener diode U1DReverse breakdown of the zener diode U1 for the preset allows the maximum current. The above parameters are obtained from the device information of the air compressor 100 and the parameter information of the external power supply.
The first capacitor C1 needs to be charged and discharged by the pre-charge circuit 320 and the discharge circuit 330 to ensure safe use. At the starting moment of the air compressor 100, namely at the time t1, the main control unit 500 controls the precharge contactor KM2 to be closed, so that the first capacitor C1 starts to be charged, at the time t2, the main contactor KM1 is controlled to be closed, and the precharge contactor KM2 is controlled to be opened, so that the first capacitor C1 stops being charged, wherein the time length between t1 and t2 is a first preset time length. It should be noted that, the closing of the precharge contactor KM2 may also be controlled after delaying a preset second preset time period after the air compressor 100 is started, which should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. The pre-charging resistor R2 is selected by considering two aspects of resistance and charging time, and the calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula, U is a predetermined maximum circuit surge voltage, I is a predetermined maximum current allowed by the first capacitor C1, T is a predetermined charging period, and C is a predetermined capacitance of the first capacitor C1. If the preset first preset time is T and n cycles of pre-charging are performed, T in the formula is T/n. It should be noted that the above parameters are obtained from the equipment information of the air compressor 100 and the parameter information of the first capacitor C1 used.
In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 4 to 6, if the operation state indicates that the air compressor 100 is in the stop state; the method for discharging the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit 300 comprises the following steps: the main contactor KM1 is controlled to be opened, the discharge contactor KM3 is controlled to be closed, so that the first capacitor C1 starts to discharge, and the discharge contactor KM3 is controlled to be opened after the discharge is completed. The calculation formula of the discharge resistor R3 is as follows:
in the formula, U is a predetermined maximum circuit surge voltage, and I is a predetermined maximum current allowed by the first capacitor C1. It should be noted that the above parameters are obtained from the equipment information of the air compressor 100 and the parameter information of the first capacitor C1 used.
The charging and discharging processes of the impact elimination circuit 310 can be protected by the pre-charging circuit 320 and the discharging circuit 330, the purpose of eliminating circuit impact on the premise of ensuring safety is achieved, and the service life of the air compressor control system is prolonged.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and those skilled in the art will understand that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. Hydrogen fuel cell system air compressor machine control system, its characterized in that includes:
an air compressor having an air inlet and an air outlet;
the air compressor control unit is provided with a positive input end, a negative input end, a control signal input end and a control signal output end, and the control signal output end is connected with the air compressor;
the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit is provided with a suppression signal input end, a first input end, a second input end, a first output end and a second output end, wherein the first input end and the second input end are jointly used for connecting an external power supply, the first output end is connected with the positive input end, the second output end is connected with the negative input end, and the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit is used for suppressing circuit impact;
the flow measurement unit is provided with a data output end and is used for acquiring an air flow measurement value at the air inlet and outputting the air flow measurement value through the data output end;
the total control unit is provided with a data input end, a control output end and an inhibiting signal output end, the data input end is connected with the data output end, the control output end is connected with the control signal input end, the inhibiting signal output end is connected with the inhibiting signal input end, the total control unit is used for adjusting the running state of the air compressor under different air flow measurement values through the flow measurement unit and the air compressor control unit, and the circuit fluctuation inhibiting circuit is used for inhibiting circuit impact generated in the running of the air compressor.
2. The control system of claim 1, wherein the circuit ripple suppression circuit comprises:
the impact elimination circuit is provided with a first impact elimination end and a second impact elimination end, the first impact elimination end is connected with the positive input end, the second impact elimination end is connected with the negative input end, and the impact elimination circuit is used for eliminating current impact and voltage impact generated in the operation of the air compressor;
the pre-charging circuit is provided with a first pre-charging end, a second pre-charging end, a main contact end and a pre-charging contact end, the first pre-charging end is connected with the first impact elimination end, the second pre-charging end is connected with the external power supply, and the main contact end and the pre-charging contact end are connected with the corresponding inhibiting signal output end; the pre-charging circuit is used for charging the impact elimination circuit;
the discharge circuit is provided with a first discharge end, a second discharge end and a discharge contact end, the first discharge end is connected with the first pre-charge end, the second discharge end is connected with the external power supply, and the discharge contact end is connected with the corresponding suppression signal output end; the discharge circuit is used for releasing energy to the impact elimination circuit.
3. The control system of claim 2, wherein the shock mitigation circuit comprises:
a first capacitor, one end of which is connected with the positive input end and the other end of which is connected with the negative input end;
the first resistor is connected with the first capacitor in parallel;
and the voltage stabilizing diode is connected with the first capacitor in parallel in a series structure after being connected with the first resistor in series.
4. The control system of claim 2, wherein the pre-charge circuit comprises:
one end of a first contact of the main contactor is connected with the positive input end, the other end of the first contact is connected with the external power supply, and a control coil of the main contactor is connected with the corresponding suppression signal output end;
one end of a second contact of the pre-charging contactor is connected with one end of the first contact of the main contactor, the other end of the second contact is connected with the other end of the first contact of the main contactor, and a control coil of the pre-charging contactor is connected with the corresponding suppression signal output end;
and one end of the pre-charging resistor is connected with the other end of the second contact of the pre-charging contactor, and the other end of the pre-charging resistor is connected with the other end of the first contact of the main contactor.
5. The control system of claim 2, wherein the discharge circuit comprises:
one end of the discharge contactor is connected with the positive input end, the other end of the discharge contactor is connected with the negative input end, and a control coil of the discharge contactor is connected with the corresponding suppression signal output end;
and the discharge resistor is connected with the discharge contactor in series.
6. The hydrogen fuel cell system air compressor control method, characterized by being applied to the hydrogen fuel cell system air compressor control system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and comprising the steps of:
obtaining a measure of air flow delivered by the flow measurement unit;
inputting the measured value of the air flow into a PID controller to obtain a first speed control signal of the air compressor;
determining the running state of the air compressor;
selecting a control strategy for the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit according to the running state, wherein the control strategy comprises an energy charging control strategy and an energy releasing control strategy;
wherein the charging control strategy comprises the steps of: charging the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit, and sending the first speed control signal to the air compressor control unit, wherein the charging duration of the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit is a preset first preset duration;
the energy release control strategy comprises the following steps: and discharging energy from the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit.
7. The control method according to claim 6, wherein the constraint formula for obtaining the first rotation speed control signal is:
in the formula, KpFor a predetermined proportional gain, KpIs in reciprocal relation with the proportionality; t istIs a preset integral time constant; t isDIs a preset differential time constant; u (t) is the first rotational speed control signal; e (t) is the difference between a preset target flow rate value and the measured air flow rate value.
8. The control method according to claim 6, wherein the circuit ripple suppression circuit comprises a surge elimination circuit, a pre-charge circuit, a discharge circuit, wherein the surge elimination circuit comprises a first capacitor, a first resistor, a zener diode; the pre-charging circuit comprises a main contactor, a pre-charging contactor and a pre-charging resistor; the discharge circuit comprises a discharge contactor and a discharge resistor;
if the running state represents that the air compressor is in a starting state;
the charging of the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit comprises the following steps:
controlling the pre-charging contactor to be closed so that the first capacitor starts to be charged;
the method comprises the steps of controlling the main contactor to be closed and controlling the pre-charging contactor to be opened so that the first capacitor stops charging, and controlling the interval duration between the closing of the pre-charging contactor and the opening of the pre-charging contactor to be a first preset duration.
9. The control method according to claim 8, wherein if the operating state indicates that the air compressor is in a stopped state;
the energy release of the circuit fluctuation suppression circuit comprises the following steps:
and controlling the main contactor to be switched off and the discharge contactor to be switched on so as to enable the first capacitor to start discharging, and controlling the discharge contactor to be switched off after discharging is finished.
10. A computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions for causing a computer to execute the hydrogen fuel cell system air compressor control method according to any one of claims 6 to 9.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN114709499A (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2022-07-05 | 深圳市海雷新能源有限公司 | Lithium battery monitoring system and method based on fire-fighting parameters |
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