CN114086566A - Long and narrow soft soil foundation pit excavation support and soil transportation method - Google Patents
Long and narrow soft soil foundation pit excavation support and soil transportation method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114086566A CN114086566A CN202111327669.8A CN202111327669A CN114086566A CN 114086566 A CN114086566 A CN 114086566A CN 202111327669 A CN202111327669 A CN 202111327669A CN 114086566 A CN114086566 A CN 114086566A
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- foundation pit
- excavation
- soil
- soft soil
- hard shell
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/02—Foundation pits
- E02D17/04—Bordering surfacing or stiffening the sides of foundation pits
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
- E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
- E02D5/46—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making in situ by forcing bonding agents into gravel fillings or the soil
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F7/00—Equipment for conveying or separating excavated material
- E02F7/02—Conveying equipment mounted on a dredger
- E02F7/026—Conveying equipment mounted on a dredger mounted on machines equipped with dipper- or bucket-arms
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a long and narrow soft soil foundation pit excavation supporting and soil body transportation method, which comprises the following steps: leveling a field, backfilling brick residues to form an operation surface, constructing cement mixing piles and pipe piles in a passive area, and constructing foundation pit supporting piles; digging hard shell layers such as brick slag, surface soil filling and the like by using an excavator, and constructing a first cross brace; inserting a screw conveyor into the soft soil with the hard shell layer removed, and conveying the soft soil to a collecting hopper through the screw conveyor; the end part of the spiral conveyor is matched with manual insertion and vibration, so that the upper soil body can be ensured to sink continuously, and a supporting system is constructed in time; when the excavation is close to the bottom of the foundation pit, a small excavator and manual excavation are matched; soft soil is unloaded to a transport vehicle through a material collecting hopper, and the material collecting hopper is arranged in a hard shell area outside an excavation range. The invention avoids the operation of large excavating machinery and transport vehicles on the top of the foundation pit, ensures the safety of the foundation pit and reduces the use of large excavating machinery.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a foundation pit construction method, in particular to a long and narrow soft soil foundation pit excavation support and soil transportation method.
Background
In the traditional excavation method for the long and narrow foundation pit, a long-arm excavator is generally adopted to directly excavate soil at the top of the foundation pit downwards, then the soil is loaded at the top of the foundation pit through a transport vehicle, and the excavated soil is transported to a specified place through a construction access at the top of the foundation pit, as shown in fig. 1. The traditional excavation mode causes the extremely big dynamic load at the top of the foundation pit, and in soft soil areas, the foundation pit often deforms greatly, so that the damage to the adjacent underground pipelines is caused. The soft soil has very strong structurality, and soil body shear strength can reduce 3 ~ 4 times under the effect of dynamic load, and haulage vehicle traveles at soft soil foundation ditch top, has caused serious threat to foundation ditch safety. Relevant scholars and engineering technical personnel have carried out certain research to above-mentioned problem, and patent CN 109533859B proposes "a conveyer belt transport's excavation transportation method", but its transportation equipment still arranges at the foundation ditch top, and the load of transport vehicle to the foundation ditch top is not reduced, and its equipment fixing position is fixed, is not suitable for the foundation ditch excavation that the foundation ditch length reaches several kilometers of utility tunnel.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a long and narrow soft soil foundation pit excavation support and a soil body transportation method which avoid the additional load of construction machinery and transportation vehicles on the top of an excavated foundation pit.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the invention relates to a long and narrow soft soil foundation pit excavation supporting and soil body transportation method, which comprises the following steps:
step a, leveling a field, and backfilling brick slag to form a hard shell layer operation surface; then constructing a passive area cement mixing pile and a pipe pile in the area of the foundation pit to be excavated, and finally constructing foundation pit support piles around the area of the foundation pit to be excavated;
b, performing core pulling detection after the cement mixing pile reaches the age of 28d, continuously and completely using a core sample and the compressive strength of the core sample is not less than 0.8MPa, excavating part of a hard shell layer on the top surface of the foundation pit by using an excavator after the cement mixing pile is detected to be qualified, and installing a first cross brace on the upper part in the foundation pit when the excavation depth reaches 0.5-1.0 m;
c, inserting the screw conveyor into the soft soil layer with the hard shell layer excavated, wherein the insertion depth is 1.0-2.0 m, the end, inserted into the soft soil, of the screw conveyor is provided with a cutter head, starting the screw conveyor, cutting the soil body by the cutter head and conveying the soil body to a collecting hopper through the screw conveyor, and the collecting hopper continuously retreats along with excavation of the foundation pit and is always positioned on the hard shell layer;
d, manually inserting and vibrating the end part of the spiral conveyor inserted into the soil body, wherein the length of a vibrating rod is 1.0-1.5 m, so that the upper soil body cut by the spiral conveyor can sink and be dense continuously, when the top surface elevation of the soil body in the foundation pit is reduced to be 0.5m below the design elevation of a second support, the earthwork excavation of the foundation pit is suspended, and the second cross support is installed at the design elevation of the second support in the foundation pit;
e, repeatedly repeating the step d to continue excavation of the earthwork of the foundation pit and respectively installing each cross brace at each support design elevation in the foundation pit, when the excavation reaches 0.5m above the bottom of the foundation pit, adopting an excavator to send the soft soil at the corner inside the foundation pit to a screw conveyor, and when the excavation reaches 0.3m above the bottom of the foundation pit, adopting manual bottom cleaning to send the soft soil to a collecting hopper through the conveyor;
f, unloading the soft soil to a transport vehicle through a collecting hopper, driving the transport vehicle to enter a hard shell layer region inside the foundation pit for loading the soil on the side edge of the foundation pit which is not excavated, driving the transport vehicle for a distance on the hard shell layer region inside the foundation pit which is not excavated, then entering a construction access way on the side edge of the foundation pit, and transporting the excavated soft soil to a specified place;
and g, excavating a next section of hard shell layer on the top surface of the foundation pit according to the step b, and then repeating the step b-the step g until the excavation of all the foundation pits is completed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following obvious advantages:
1. the invention does not need a long-arm excavating machine to operate at the top of the foundation pit, avoids overload at the top of the foundation pit, reduces deformation and stress concentration of the foundation pit, and effectively ensures the safety of the foundation pit.
2. According to the invention, the transportation vehicle is not required to load and transport soil at the top of the foundation pit, so that the structural damage and strength reduction of the soft soil caused by the dynamic load at the top of the foundation pit are avoided.
3. The invention can realize continuous line production, the transport vehicle does not need to wait for too long time on site, the construction efficiency is obviously improved compared with the excavation mode of a long-arm excavator at the top of the foundation pit, and the construction period can be greatly shortened.
4. The construction method has the advantages of less construction investment personnel and good economy, and can greatly save the construction cost of earth excavation in the soft soil area.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a construction drawing of a conventional long and narrow foundation pit excavation method;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the construction of step a in the method of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an excavation plane of an elongated foundation pit;
FIG. 4 is a right side view in transverse section of the structure of FIG. 3, which is a schematic illustration of the construction of step b of the method of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the structure of FIG. 3, schematically illustrating the operation of step c of the method of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of the construction of step d in the method of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of the construction of step e in the method of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of the construction of step f in the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples. These examples are intended to illustrate the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "provided with" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
As shown in the attached drawings, the invention discloses a long and narrow soft soil foundation pit excavation supporting and soil body transportation method, which comprises the following steps:
step a, leveling the field, backfilling brick residues to form a hard shell layer working surface 1, wherein the thickness of the preferred hard shell layer is 1.0-2.0 m (for example, 1.0m, 1.5m and 2.0 m); then constructing a cement mixing pile 4 and a tubular pile 5 in a passive area in the area of the foundation pit to be excavated, and finally constructing foundation pit supporting piles 6 around the area of the foundation pit to be excavated; the construction of the cement mixing pile 4, the tubular pile 5 and the support pile 6 in the passive area can be realized by adopting the existing method.
B, performing core pulling detection after the cement mixing pile reaches the age of 28d, continuously and completely using a core sample and the compressive strength of the core sample is not less than 0.8MPa, excavating partial hard shell layers (brick slag, surface filling soil and the like) on the top surface of the foundation pit by using an excavator 7 after the cement mixing pile is detected to be qualified, and installing a first cross brace 8 at the upper part in the foundation pit when the excavation depth reaches 0.5-1.0 m (for example, 0.5m, 0.8m and 1.0 m);
step c, inserting the screw conveyor 9 into the soft soil layer 2 with the hard shell layer excavated, wherein the insertion depth is 1.0-2.0 m (for example, the insertion depth can be 1.0m, 1.5m and 2.0m), one end of the screw conveyor inserted into the soft soil is provided with a cutter head, starting the screw conveyor, the cutter head starts to cut the soil body and conveys the soil body to a collecting hopper 10 through the screw conveyor, and the collecting hopper 10 continuously retreats along with the excavation of the foundation pit and is always positioned on the hard shell layer;
d, manually inserting vibration 12 into the end part of the spiral conveyor inserted with the soil body, wherein the length of a vibration rod is 1.0-1.5 m (for example, the length can be 1.0m, 1.2m and 1.5m), the upper soil body cut by the spiral conveyor can be ensured to be continuously sunk and compacted, when the top surface elevation of the soil body in the foundation pit is reduced to 0.5m below the design elevation of a second support, the excavation of the earthwork of the foundation pit is suspended, and the second cross support is arranged at the design elevation of the second support in the foundation pit;
e, repeatedly repeating the step d to continue excavation of the earthwork of the foundation pit and respectively installing each cross brace at each support design elevation in the foundation pit, when the excavation reaches 0.5m above the bottom of the foundation pit, sending the soft soil 2 at the corner inside the foundation pit to a spiral conveyor by using an excavator 72, and when the excavation reaches 0.3m above the bottom of the foundation pit, sending the soft soil to a collecting hopper by using a conveyor for manual bottom cleaning;
f, unloading the soft soil to a transport vehicle 11 through a collecting hopper 10, driving the transport vehicle to enter a hard shell layer region inside the foundation pit for loading the soil on the side edge of the foundation pit which is not excavated, driving the transport vehicle for a distance on the hard shell layer region inside the foundation pit, then entering a construction access way on the side edge of the foundation pit, and transporting the excavated soft soil to a specified place;
and g, excavating a next section of hard shell layer on the top surface of the foundation pit according to the step b, and then repeating the step b-the step g until the excavation of all the foundation pits is completed.
The method comprises the following steps: the foundation ditch inside will backfill the higher backfill materials of intensity such as brick sediment earlier and form the crust layer for form the operation platform of construction machinery operation such as stirring stake, tubular pile, auger delivery ware and collecting hopper, the bearing capacity of crust layer is confirmed by the design is clear and definite or through calculating, is not less than 80 kPa.
When soft soil intensity is higher, the end part of the spiral conveyor inserted into the soil body is matched with manual insertion vibration, the soil body after cutting is prevented from forming a soil arch effect, and the upper soil body after the spiral conveyor is cut can be guaranteed to be continuously sunk and compacted.
When the top surface elevation of the soil body inside the foundation pit is reduced to 0.5m below the design elevations of the second cross brace, the third cross brace and the like, earthwork excavation is suspended, a supporting system is installed in time, influence on the safety of the foundation pit is avoided when the upper brace is untimely, when the height is close to 0.5m above the bottom of the foundation pit, a small excavator is matched to send the soft soil at the corner to a screw conveyor inside the foundation pit, when the height reaches 0.3m above the bottom of the foundation pit, manual bottom clearing is adopted to send the soft soil to a collecting hopper through the conveyor, and the phenomenon that a cutter disc overedges and disturbs the soil body below the design elevation of the bottom of the foundation pit is avoided.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A method for excavation supporting and soil body transportation of a long and narrow soft soil foundation pit is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step a, leveling a field, and backfilling brick slag to form a hard shell layer operation surface; then constructing a passive area cement mixing pile and a pipe pile in the area of the foundation pit to be excavated, and finally constructing foundation pit support piles around the area of the foundation pit to be excavated;
b, performing core pulling detection after the cement mixing pile reaches the age of 28d, continuously and completely using a core sample and the compressive strength of the core sample is not less than 0.8MPa, excavating part of a hard shell layer on the top surface of the foundation pit by using an excavator after the cement mixing pile is detected to be qualified, and installing a first cross brace on the upper part in the foundation pit when the excavation depth reaches 0.5-1.0 m;
c, inserting the screw conveyor into the soft soil layer with the hard shell layer excavated, wherein the insertion depth is 1.0-2.0 m, the end, inserted into the soft soil, of the screw conveyor is provided with a cutter head, starting the screw conveyor, cutting the soil body by the cutter head and conveying the soil body to a collecting hopper through the screw conveyor, and the collecting hopper continuously retreats along with excavation of the foundation pit and is always positioned on the hard shell layer;
d, manually inserting and vibrating the end part of the spiral conveyor inserted into the soil body, wherein the length of a vibrating rod is 1.0-1.5 m, so that the upper soil body cut by the spiral conveyor can sink and be dense continuously, when the top surface elevation of the soil body in the foundation pit is reduced to be 0.5m below the design elevation of a second support, the earthwork excavation of the foundation pit is suspended, and the second cross support is installed at the design elevation of the second support in the foundation pit;
e, repeatedly repeating the step d to continue excavation of the earthwork of the foundation pit and respectively installing each cross brace at each support design elevation in the foundation pit, when the excavation reaches 0.5m above the bottom of the foundation pit, adopting an excavator to send the soft soil at the corner inside the foundation pit to a screw conveyor, and when the excavation reaches 0.3m above the bottom of the foundation pit, adopting manual bottom cleaning to send the soft soil to a collecting hopper through the conveyor;
f, unloading the soft soil to a transport vehicle through a collecting hopper, driving the transport vehicle to enter a hard shell layer region inside the foundation pit for loading the soil on the side edge of the foundation pit which is not excavated, driving the transport vehicle for a distance on the hard shell layer region inside the foundation pit which is not excavated, then entering a construction access way on the side edge of the foundation pit, and transporting the excavated soft soil to a specified place;
and g, excavating a next section of hard shell layer on the top surface of the foundation pit according to the step b, and then repeating the step b-the step g until the excavation of all the foundation pits is completed.
2. The long and narrow soft soil foundation pit excavation support and soil transportation method of claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the hard shell layer is 1.0-2.0 m.
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| CN202111327669.8A CN114086566B (en) | 2021-11-10 | 2021-11-10 | Long and narrow soft soil foundation pit excavation support and soil transportation method |
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| CN202111327669.8A CN114086566B (en) | 2021-11-10 | 2021-11-10 | Long and narrow soft soil foundation pit excavation support and soil transportation method |
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| CN114086566B CN114086566B (en) | 2023-01-17 |
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