CN114085981B - Stainless steel ball heat treatment equipment based on gravity conveying - Google Patents
Stainless steel ball heat treatment equipment based on gravity conveying Download PDFInfo
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- CN114085981B CN114085981B CN202111305113.9A CN202111305113A CN114085981B CN 114085981 B CN114085981 B CN 114085981B CN 202111305113 A CN202111305113 A CN 202111305113A CN 114085981 B CN114085981 B CN 114085981B
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- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 219
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 219
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 146
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 160
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 96
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 40
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000002500 effect on skin Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/36—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for balls; for rollers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
- B08B3/02—Cleaning by the force of jets or sprays
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/06—Surface hardening
- C21D1/09—Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation
- C21D1/10—Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation by electric induction
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
- C21D1/63—Quenching devices for bath quenching
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D11/00—Process control or regulation for heat treatments
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0006—Details, accessories not peculiar to any of the following furnaces
- C21D9/0018—Details, accessories not peculiar to any of the following furnaces for charging, discharging or manipulation of charge
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0062—Heat-treating apparatus with a cooling or quenching zone
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
- F16F15/04—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means
- F16F15/08—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means with rubber springs ; with springs made of rubber and metal
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K47/00—Means in valves for absorbing fluid energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of heat treatment, in particular to stainless steel ball heat treatment equipment based on gravity conveying, which comprises a base, a support column, a connecting rod, an intermittent feeding part and a heat treatment channel; according to the invention, the stainless steel ball is fed into the inlet of the heat treatment channel through the intermittent feeding component, then rolls downwards along the heat treatment channel under the action of self gravity after the stainless steel ball is subjected to heat treatment, and then realizes automatic material conveying in the heat treatment process through the self gravity of the stainless steel ball, so that the transfer process in the heat treatment process of the stainless steel ball is avoided, the heat treatment time is shortened, and the heat treatment cost is reduced; the stainless steel ball heat treatment channel sequentially passes through the quenching channel, the rapid cooling channel, the cleaning channel, the drying channel and the tempering channel in the downward rolling process, so that no personnel participate in the whole process from the end of feeding to the completion of the heat treatment of the stainless steel ball, and further, the automatic production of the heat treatment of the stainless steel ball is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of heat treatment, and particularly relates to stainless steel ball heat treatment equipment based on gravity conveying.
Background
The heat treatment is a metal heat processing technology for obtaining the required performance by changing the chemical components and tissues of the surface or the inside of a metal material in a solid state through heating, heat preservation and cooling means. The surface heat treatment is a metal heat treatment process for changing the mechanical properties of the surface layer by heating and cooling the surface of the steel part. Surface quenching is the main content of surface heat treatment, and the aim is to obtain a surface layer with high hardness and favorable internal stress distribution so as to improve the wear resistance and fatigue resistance of a workpiece, and tempering treatment is generally carried out after the quenching treatment so as to reduce or eliminate the internal stress in a quenched steel piece or reduce the hardness and strength of the quenched steel piece so as to improve the ductility and toughness.
The existing heat treatment for stainless steel balls is generally to sequentially perform quenching treatment in quenching equipment, rapid cooling treatment in cooling equipment, cleaning treatment in cleaning equipment, drying treatment in drying equipment and tempering treatment in tempering equipment, and in the process, people are required to transport the steel balls through special transportation means, so that the problems of long time consumption and high cost in the heat treatment process exist.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up for the defects of the prior art, the invention provides stainless steel ball heat treatment equipment based on gravity conveying. The invention is mainly used for solving the problems that in the heat treatment process of the steel ball, people are required to transport the steel ball through a special transport tool, so that the heat treatment process consumes longer time and has higher cost.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: the invention provides stainless steel ball heat treatment equipment based on gravity conveying, which comprises a base, a support column and a connecting rod; the support column is arranged above the base; the support column is fixedly connected to the base; the connecting rods are arranged on the supporting columns at intervals; one section of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the supporting column; the heat treatment apparatus further comprises a batch feed component and a heat treatment channel; the other end of the connecting rod is connected to the side wall of the heat treatment channel; the upper end of the support column is provided with the intermittent feeding component; the intermittent feeding component is used for intermittently feeding the stainless steel balls into the heat treatment channel; the height difference exists at the two ends of the heat treatment channel, and the height of the feeding end of the heat treatment channel gradually decreases towards the discharging end of the heat treatment channel; the inner wall of the heat treatment channel is a smooth surface; the feeding end of the heat treatment channel is connected with the intermittent feeding component; the heat treatment channel is used for quenching, rapidly cooling, cleaning, drying and tempering the stainless steel ball in sequence;
The heat treatment channel comprises a quenching channel, a rapid cooling channel, a cleaning channel, a drying channel and a tempering channel; the quenching channel, the rapid cooling channel, the cleaning channel, the drying channel and the tempering channel are sequentially communicated; both the quenching channel and the tempering channel are made of high-temperature resistant ceramics; wires are arranged in the side walls of the quenching channel and the tempering channel; the wire is spirally wound in the quenching channel and the tempering channel side wall; a first on-off component and a second on-off component are sequentially arranged between the rapid cooling channel and the cleaning channel; the first on-off component and the second on-off component are arranged at intervals; a third on-off component is arranged between the cleaning channel and the drying channel; the first on-off component, the second on-off component and the third on-off component are used for realizing on-off of the heat treatment channel; a flushing part is arranged near the cleaning channel; the cleaning component is used for cleaning the surface of the cooled stainless steel ball.
During operation, high-frequency alternating current is firstly introduced into the spiral lead, then the stainless steel ball to be heat-treated is placed into the intermittent feeding component, and the intermittent feeding component feeds the stainless steel ball into the inlet of the heat treatment channel, because the height difference exists at the two ends of the heat treatment channel, the feeding end of the heat treatment channel gradually decreases towards the discharging end of the heat treatment channel, and then the stainless steel ball rolls downwards along the heat treatment channel under the action of self gravity after the heat treatment channel, and then the automatic conveying of materials in the heat treatment process is realized through the self gravity of the stainless steel ball, so that the transferring process in the heat treatment process of the stainless steel ball is avoided, the heat treatment time is shortened, and the heat treatment cost is reduced; when the stainless steel ball passes through the quenching channel, high-frequency alternating current is introduced into the spiral lead, so that an alternating magnetic field is generated to generate induction current with the same frequency in the workpiece, the surface of the workpiece is rapidly heated by using the skin effect, and the surface of the stainless steel ball is quenched; the quenched stainless steel ball enters a rapid cooling channel, cooling liquid for rapid cooling is filled in the channel to cool the stainless steel ball, and the cooling liquid and a cleaning channel are mutually separated by the mutual matching of a first on-off component and a second on-off component, so that the stainless steel ball can smoothly enter the next treatment link; the cooled stainless steel ball enters a cleaning channel, the surface of the stainless steel ball is cleaned by a cleaning component in the cleaning channel, and in the process, the cleaning fluid in the cleaning channel and a drying channel are mutually separated by a third on-off component, so that the stainless steel ball can smoothly enter the next link for treatment; the cleaned stainless steel ball enters a tempering channel, so that tempering treatment of the stainless steel ball is realized; the stainless steel ball sequentially passes through the quenching channel, the rapid cooling channel, the cleaning channel, the drying channel and the tempering channel under the action of self gravity, so that no personnel participate in the whole process from the end of feeding to the completion of the heat treatment of the stainless steel ball, the automatic production of the heat treatment of the stainless steel ball is realized, and the production efficiency is improved.
Preferably, the outer walls of the quenching channel and the tempering channel are respectively provided with an insulating layer; a heat insulation layer is arranged on the outer wall of the heat insulation layer; electromagnets are arranged at the positions, close to the heat insulation layer, under the quenching channel and the tempering channel; the electromagnets are uniformly arranged at intervals along the trend of the quenching channel and the tempering channel; a fixed plate is arranged below the electromagnet; the electromagnet is fixedly connected to the fixed plate; the fixing plate is fixedly connected to the support column through the connecting rod.
When the stainless steel ball quenching device works, the stainless steel balls fall in the quenching channel and the tempering channel at different speeds due to different sizes of the stainless steel balls, so that the passing time is different, and the stainless steel balls with different sizes are difficult to quench and temper at the same degree; in the scheme, the electromagnet is arranged at the position, close to the heat insulation layer, below the quenching channel and the tempering channel, so that the stainless steel ball is attracted under the action of the ferromagnetic force of the battery, the downward rolling speed of the stainless steel ball is reduced, the time of the stainless steel ball in the quenching channel and the tempering channel is further increased, the quenching time and the tempering time of the stainless steel ball are further controlled, the same degree of surface quenching and tempering of the stainless steel ball with different sizes is further met, meanwhile, the different quenching and tempering requirements of the stainless steel ball are met, and the application range of heat treatment equipment is further improved.
Preferably, the first on-off component, the second on-off component and the third on-off component are ball valves or gate valves; the valve core is provided with a first on-off part, a second on-off part and a third on-off part, wherein the side wall of the valve core corresponding to the valve body passage opening is provided with a buffer part in a closed state; the buffer part comprises a spring, a sliding plate and a rubber block; the valve core is provided with a groove; the groove is connected with the sliding plate in a sliding way; the spring is arranged between the sliding plate and the bottom surface of the groove; one end of the spring is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the groove; the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the sliding plate; a rubber block is arranged on one side of the sliding plate, which is far away from the spring; the rubber block is fixedly connected to the sliding plate; the outer side plane of the rubber block is lower than the side wall of the valve core.
When the stainless steel ball is in downward rolling contact with the valve core in the quenching channel and downward rolling contact with the valve core in the cleaning channel, if the stainless steel ball directly impacts on the valve core, the valve core is easy to damage, and liquid leakage is caused, the buffer part is arranged on the valve core, and then the spring is compressed under the action of impact force after the stainless steel ball impacts on the rubber block, so that a recoil effect is achieved when the stainless steel ball rolls down to contact with the valve core, damage to the valve core when the stainless steel ball rolls down to contact with the valve core is reduced, and the service lives of the first on-off part, the second on-off part and the third on-off part are prolonged; meanwhile, the rubber block prevents the stainless steel ball from deforming when the stainless steel ball impacts the valve core, thereby avoiding affecting the surface quality of the stainless steel ball and further ensuring that the surface quality of the stainless steel ball is not damaged in the heat treatment process.
Preferably, a first narrow groove is formed in the side wall of the channel between the first on-off component and the second on-off component; the first narrow groove is positioned at one side of the second on-off component, and the lowest end of the first narrow groove is positioned at the lowest point of the inner wall of the channel between the first on-off component and the second on-off component; the diameter of the first narrow groove is far smaller than that of the stainless steel ball; a first pump is arranged on the connecting rod; the water inlet of the first pump is communicated with the first narrow groove through a water pipe; and the water outlet of the first pump is communicated with the rapid cooling channel through a water pipe.
When the stainless steel ball reaches the bottom of the quick cooling channel and contacts the valve core, the first on-off component is controlled by the controller to be opened, then the stainless steel ball and the cooling liquid enter the channel between the first on-off component and the second on-off component together, then the first on-off component is closed, the channel between the first on-off component and the second on-off component forms an independent cavity, then the first pump is controlled by the controller to operate, the cooling liquid in the cavity is pumped back into the quick cooling channel, after the liquid in the cavity is pumped out, the second on-off component is controlled by the controller to be opened, then the stainless steel ball in the cavity enters the cleaning channel, then the second on-off component is controlled by the controller to be closed, then the cooling liquid in the quick cooling channel is isolated from the cleaning channel through the mutual cooperation between the first on-off component and the second on-off component, meanwhile, the stainless steel ball can continuously roll downwards to enter the subsequent processing channel, pollution to the cleaning channel caused by the cooling liquid in the cleaning channel is avoided, and cleaning capacity of the cleaning channel to the stainless steel ball is avoided.
Preferably, the flushing component comprises a second pump, a third pump, a connecting plate and a water storage tank; the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the connecting rod; the connecting plate is fixedly connected with the second pump, the third pump and the water storage tank; a water pumping groove and a water spraying groove are arranged on the side wall of the cleaning channel at a position close to the third on-off component; the widths of the water pumping groove and the water spraying groove are far smaller than the diameter of the stainless steel ball; the water inlet of the second pump is communicated with the water pumping groove through a water pipe; the water outlet of the second pump is communicated with the top of the water storage tank; the water inlet of the third pump is communicated with the bottom of the water storage tank; and the water outlet of the third pump is communicated with the water spraying groove.
When the stainless steel ball enters the cleaning channel from the rapid cooling channel, the second pump and the third pump are controlled to operate simultaneously by the controller, so that the second pump pumps cleaning liquid in the cleaning pipeline into the water storage tank, the cleaning liquid in the water storage tank is sprayed into the cleaning channel from the water spraying groove after being pumped by the third pump, the stainless steel ball is cleaned by flowing cleaning liquid, the cleaning liquid is enabled to circularly flow by matching the second pump and the third pump, the stainless steel ball is circularly cleaned, the cleaning degree of the surface of the stainless steel ball is improved, and the effect of the stainless steel ball after heat treatment is prevented from being influenced due to unclean surface after tempering; when the cleaning is finished, the controller controls the third pump to stop running, and then the cleaning liquid in the cleaning channel is pumped into the water storage tank through the second pump, when the cleaning liquid in the cleaning channel is pumped out completely, the controller controls the second pump to stop running, then controls the third on-off component to be opened, and further enables the stainless steel ball to enter the drying channel, after the stainless steel ball passes through the third on-off component, the controller controls the third on-off component to be closed, after the third on-off component is closed, the controller controls the third pump to run, and then the cleaning liquid in the water storage tank is refilled into the cleaning channel.
Preferably, the pumping grooves are uniformly arranged at the lowest part of the inner wall of the cleaning channel at intervals; the water spraying grooves are uniformly arranged at the highest position of the inner wall of the cleaning channel at intervals; the water spraying groove is obliquely arranged.
When the cleaning device works, the pumping grooves are arranged at the lowest part of the cleaning channel, so that all cleaning liquid in the cleaning channel is pumped out, and the pumping grooves are far smaller than the diameter of the stainless steel ball, so that the time for pumping out the cleaning liquid in the cleaning channel is shortened by arranging a plurality of pumping grooves, and the reduction of the heat treatment efficiency of the stainless steel ball due to overlong pumping-out time is avoided; the water spraying groove is arranged at the highest position of the cleaning channel and is obliquely arranged, so that the turbulence degree of cleaning liquid in the cleaning channel is increased in the water spraying process of the water spraying groove, the flow speed of the cleaning liquid on the surface of the stainless steel ball is further increased, and the cleaning degree of the surface of the stainless steel ball is further improved; meanwhile, the water flow sprayed by the water spraying groove can block the stainless steel ball when the stainless steel ball passes, so that the impact of the stainless steel ball on the valve core of the third on-off component is reduced.
Preferably, the inlet end of the tempering channel is directly connected with the outlet end of the drying channel.
During operation, the inlet end of the tempering channel is directly connected with the outlet end of the drying channel, so that heat emitted by the stainless steel ball when the stainless steel ball passes through the tempering channel is discharged from the air outlet above the drying channel upwards through the drying channel along the tempering channel, and further, the waste heat in the tempering channel is utilized to dry the stainless steel ball, so that the energy consumption is saved, and the cost is reduced.
Preferably, the intermittent feeding component comprises a hopper, a motor and a rotary table; the bottom of the hopper is fixedly connected to the top end of the supporting column; the bottom of the hopper is communicated with the heat treatment channel; the bottom of the hopper is inclined towards the heat treatment channel; a turntable is arranged in the hopper at a position close to the heat treatment channel; the turntable is rotationally connected to the hopper through a rotating shaft; the hopper is fixedly connected with a mounting seat of the motor; the rotating shaft of the motor is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft; and distributing openings are uniformly arranged on the turntable at intervals.
During operation, the controller controls the motor to rotate, and then the motor drives the rotation shaft to rotate, and then drives the carousel to rotate, and then realizes sending into the heat treatment passageway feed inlet with stainless steel ball intermittent type nature through the feed inlet on the carousel, and then avoids stainless steel ball to pile up in the heat treatment pipeline, and then guarantees that heat treatment can keep working.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. according to the invention, high-frequency alternating current is firstly introduced into a spiral lead, then a stainless steel ball to be heat-treated is placed into an intermittent feeding component, and the intermittent feeding component feeds the stainless steel ball into an inlet of a heat treatment channel, because the height difference exists at two ends of the heat treatment channel, the feeding end of the heat treatment channel gradually decreases towards the discharging end of the heat treatment channel, and then the stainless steel ball rolls downwards along the heat treatment channel under the action of self gravity after passing through the heat treatment channel, and then the automatic conveying of materials in the heat treatment process is realized through the self gravity of the stainless steel ball, so that the transferring process in the heat treatment process of the stainless steel ball is avoided, the heat treatment time is shortened, and the heat treatment cost is reduced; when the stainless steel ball passes through the quenching channel, high-frequency alternating current is introduced into the spiral lead, so that an alternating magnetic field is generated to generate induction current with the same frequency in the workpiece, the surface of the workpiece is rapidly heated by using the skin effect, and the surface of the stainless steel ball is quenched; the quenched stainless steel ball enters a rapid cooling channel, cooling liquid for rapid cooling is filled in the channel to cool the stainless steel ball, and the cooling liquid and a cleaning channel are mutually separated by the mutual matching of a first on-off component and a second on-off component, so that the stainless steel ball can smoothly enter the next treatment link; the cooled stainless steel ball enters a cleaning channel, the surface of the stainless steel ball is cleaned by a cleaning component in the cleaning channel, and in the process, the cleaning fluid in the cleaning channel and a drying channel are mutually separated by a third on-off component, so that the stainless steel ball can smoothly enter the next link for treatment; the cleaned stainless steel ball enters a tempering channel, so that tempering treatment of the stainless steel ball is realized; the stainless steel ball sequentially passes through the quenching channel, the rapid cooling channel, the cleaning channel, the drying channel and the tempering channel under the action of self gravity, so that no personnel participate in the whole process from the end of feeding to the completion of the heat treatment of the stainless steel ball, the automatic production of the heat treatment of the stainless steel ball is realized, and the production efficiency is improved.
2. According to the invention, due to the different sizes of the stainless steel balls, the falling speeds of the stainless steel balls in the quenching channel and the tempering channel are different, and the passing time is different, so that the stainless steel balls with different sizes are difficult to quench and temper in the same degree; in the scheme, the electromagnet is arranged at the position, close to the heat insulation layer, below the quenching channel and the tempering channel, so that the stainless steel ball is attracted under the action of the ferromagnetic force of the battery, the downward rolling speed of the stainless steel ball is reduced, the time of the stainless steel ball in the quenching channel and the tempering channel is further increased, the quenching time and the tempering time of the stainless steel ball are further controlled, the same degree of surface quenching and tempering of the stainless steel ball with different sizes is further met, meanwhile, the different quenching and tempering requirements of the stainless steel ball are met, and the application range of heat treatment equipment is further improved.
3. According to the invention, when the stainless steel ball rolls downwards in the quenching channel and rolls downwards in the cleaning channel to contact the valve core, if the stainless steel ball directly impacts on the valve core, the valve core is easy to damage, and liquid leakage is caused, the buffer part is arranged on the valve core, and then the spring is compressed under the action of impact force after the stainless steel ball impacts on the rubber block, so that a recoil effect is achieved when the stainless steel ball rolls downwards to contact the valve core, the damage to the valve core when the stainless steel ball rolls downwards to contact the valve core is reduced, and the service lives of the first on-off part, the second on-off part and the third on-off part are prolonged; meanwhile, the rubber block prevents the stainless steel ball from deforming when the stainless steel ball impacts the valve core, thereby avoiding affecting the surface quality of the stainless steel ball and further ensuring that the surface quality of the stainless steel ball is not damaged in the heat treatment process.
4. According to the invention, after the stainless steel ball reaches the bottom of the quick cooling channel and contacts with the valve core, the first on-off component is controlled to be opened by the controller, then the stainless steel ball and cooling liquid enter the channel between the first on-off component and the second on-off component together, then the first on-off component is closed, so that the channel between the first on-off component and the second on-off component forms an independent cavity, then the first pump is controlled to operate by the controller, so that the cooling liquid in the cavity is pumped back into the quick cooling channel, after the liquid in the cavity is pumped out, the second on-off component is controlled to be opened by the controller, so that the stainless steel ball in the cavity enters the cleaning channel, then the second on-off component is controlled to be closed by the controller, and then the cooling liquid in the quick cooling channel is isolated from the cleaning channel by the mutual matching of the first on-off component and the second on-off component, and the stainless steel ball can be continuously rolled down into the subsequent processing channel, so that the cooling liquid is prevented from flowing into the cleaning channel to pollute the cleaning channel, and the cleaning capability of the cleaning channel to the stainless steel ball is prevented from being lowered.
5. According to the invention, when the stainless steel ball enters the cleaning channel from the rapid cooling channel, the second pump and the third pump are controlled to operate simultaneously by the controller, so that the second pump pumps the cleaning liquid in the cleaning pipeline into the water storage tank, the cleaning liquid in the water storage tank is sprayed into the cleaning channel from the water spraying tank after being pumped by the third pump, the stainless steel ball is cleaned by flowing cleaning liquid, the cleaning liquid is circulated by the cooperation of the second pump and the third pump, the stainless steel ball is cleaned circularly, the cleaning degree of the surface of the stainless steel ball is improved, and the influence on the heat treatment effect of the stainless steel ball due to unclean surface after tempering is prevented; when the cleaning is finished, the controller controls the third pump to stop running, and then the cleaning liquid in the cleaning channel is pumped into the water storage tank through the second pump, when the cleaning liquid in the cleaning channel is pumped out completely, the controller controls the second pump to stop running, then controls the third on-off component to be opened, and further enables the stainless steel ball to enter the drying channel, after the stainless steel ball passes through the third on-off component, the controller controls the third on-off component to be closed, after the third on-off component is closed, the controller controls the third pump to run, and then the cleaning liquid in the water storage tank is refilled into the cleaning channel.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a first overall structure of a heat treatment apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a second overall structure of the heat treatment apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a first internal structure of the heat treatment apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a second internal structure of the heat treatment apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of a heat treatment channel according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the position of an electromagnet on a heat treatment tunnel according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of the arrangement of electromagnets in the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of the position of the damping member on the valve spool in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the cushioning member of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 6 at A;
FIG. 11 is a partial enlarged view at B in FIG. 6;
FIG. 12 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 6 at C;
in the figure: base 1, support column 11, connecting rod 12, intermittent feeding part 2, hopper 21, motor 22, turntable 23, feed port 231, heat treatment channel 3, quenching channel 31, rapid cooling channel 32, cleaning channel 33, water pumping channel 331, water spraying channel 332, drying channel 34, tempering channel 35, wire 36, on-off part No. 4, on-off part No. 41, on-off part No. 42, valve core 43, heat preservation 5, heat insulation layer 51, electromagnet 6, fixing plate 61, buffer part 7, spring 71, sliding plate 72, rubber block 73, pump No. 8, narrow groove No. 81, flushing part 9, pump No. 91, pump No. 92, water storage tank 93.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in connection with the following detailed description in order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement of the purpose and the effect of the invention easy to understand.
As shown in fig. 1 to 12, a stainless steel ball heat treatment apparatus based on gravity transportation includes a base 1, a support column 11 and a connection rod 12; the support column 11 is arranged above the base 1; the support column 11 is fixedly connected to the base 1; the connecting rods 12 are arranged on the supporting columns 11 at intervals; a section of the connecting rod 12 is fixedly connected to the supporting column 11; the heat treatment apparatus further comprises a batch feed section 2 and a heat treatment channel 3; the other end of the connecting rod 12 is connected to the side wall of the heat treatment channel 3; the upper end of the support column 11 is provided with the intermittent feeding part 2; the intermittent feeding component 2 is used for intermittently feeding stainless steel balls into the heat treatment channel 3; the height difference exists at the two ends of the heat treatment channel 3, and the height of the feeding end of the heat treatment channel 3 gradually decreases towards the discharging end of the heat treatment channel 3; the inner wall of the heat treatment channel 3 is a smooth surface; the feeding end of the heat treatment channel 3 is connected with the intermittent feeding part 2; the heat treatment channel 3 is used for quenching, rapidly cooling, cleaning, drying and tempering the stainless steel balls in sequence;
The heat treatment channel 3 comprises a quenching channel 31, a rapid cooling channel 32, a cleaning channel 33, a drying channel 34 and a tempering channel 35; the quenching channel 31, the rapid cooling channel 32, the cleaning channel 33, the drying channel 34 and the tempering channel 35 are sequentially communicated; both the quenching channel 31 and the tempering channel 35 are made of high-temperature resistant ceramics; the side walls of the quenching channel 31 and the tempering channel 35 are internally provided with leads 36; the wire 36 is spirally wound in the side walls of the quenching channel 31 and the tempering channel 35; a first on-off component 4 and a second on-off component 41 are sequentially arranged between the rapid cooling channel 32 and the cleaning channel 33; the first on-off component 4 and the second on-off component 41 are arranged at intervals; a third on-off component 42 is arranged between the cleaning channel 33 and the drying channel 34; the first switching component 4, the second switching component 41 and the third switching component 42 are used for switching on and off the heat treatment channel 3; a flushing member 9 is provided in the vicinity of the cleaning passage 33; the cleaning component is used for cleaning the surface of the cooled stainless steel ball.
During operation, high-frequency alternating current is firstly introduced into the spiral lead 36, then the stainless steel ball to be heat-treated is placed into the intermittent feeding component, and the intermittent feeding component feeds the stainless steel ball into the inlet of the heat treatment channel 3, because the height difference exists at the two ends of the heat treatment channel 3, the feeding end of the heat treatment channel 3 gradually decreases towards the discharging end of the heat treatment channel 3, the stainless steel ball further rolls downwards along the heat treatment channel 3 under the action of self gravity after the heat treatment channel 3, and then the automatic conveying of materials in the heat treatment process is realized through the self gravity of the stainless steel ball, so that the transferring process in the heat treatment process of the stainless steel ball is avoided, the heat treatment time is shortened, and the heat treatment cost is reduced; when the stainless steel ball passes through the quenching channel 31, high-frequency alternating current is introduced into the spiral lead 36, so that an alternating magnetic field is generated to generate induction current with the same frequency in the workpiece, the surface of the workpiece is rapidly heated by the skin effect, and the surface of the stainless steel ball is quenched; the quenched stainless steel ball enters a rapid cooling channel 32, cooling liquid for rapid cooling is filled in the channel to realize cooling of the stainless steel ball, and the cooling liquid and a cleaning channel 33 are mutually separated and simultaneously the stainless steel ball can smoothly enter the next processing link through the mutual matching of a first on-off component 4 and a second on-off component 41; the cooled stainless steel ball enters the cleaning channel 33, the surface of the stainless steel ball is cleaned by a cleaning component in the cleaning channel 33, and in the process, the cleaning fluid in the cleaning channel 33 and the drying channel 34 are mutually separated by a third on-off component 42, so that the stainless steel ball can smoothly enter the next link for treatment; the cleaned stainless steel ball enters a tempering channel 35, so that tempering treatment of the stainless steel ball is realized; the stainless steel ball passes through the quenching channel 31, the rapid cooling channel 32, the cleaning channel 33, the drying channel 34 and the tempering channel 35 in sequence under the action of self gravity, so that no personnel participate in the whole process from the end of feeding to the completion of the heat treatment of the stainless steel ball, the automatic production of the heat treatment of the stainless steel ball is realized, and the production efficiency is improved.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the outer walls of the quenching channel 31 and the tempering channel 35 are respectively provided with an insulating layer 5; the outer wall of the heat preservation layer 5 is provided with a heat insulation layer 51; electromagnets 6 are arranged at the positions right below the quenching channel 31 and the tempering channel 35 and close to the heat insulation layer 51; the electromagnets 6 are uniformly arranged at intervals along the trend of the quenching channel 31 and the tempering channel 35; a fixed plate 61 is arranged below the electromagnet 6; the electromagnet 6 is fixedly connected to the fixed plate 61; the fixing plate 61 is fixedly connected to the support column 11 through the connecting rod 12.
During operation, the stainless steel balls fall in the quenching channel 31 and the tempering channel 35 at different speeds due to different sizes of the stainless steel balls, so that the passing time is different, and the quenching and tempering degrees of the stainless steel balls with different sizes are difficult to ensure to be the same; in this scheme, through setting up electro-magnet 6 in quenching passageway 31 and tempering passageway 35 below be close to insulating layer 51's position department, and then attract the stainless steel ball under the effect of battery ferromagnetic force, and then make the stainless steel ball roll down's speed reduce, and then increased the stainless steel ball and be in quenching passageway 31 and tempering passageway 35 internal time, and then control stainless steel ball quenching time and tempering time, and then satisfied not asking the steel ball surface quenching of equidimension and tempering degree the same, satisfied the different quenching and tempering demands of stainless steel ball simultaneously, and then improved the application range of heat treatment facility.
As shown in fig. 5, 6, 8 and 9, the first on-off component 4, the second on-off component 41 and the third on-off component 42 are ball valves or gate valves; the first on-off component 4, the second on-off component 41 and the third on-off component 42 are provided with buffer components 7 on the side walls of the valve core 43 corresponding to the valve body passage opening in the closed state; the buffer member 7 includes a spring 71, a slide plate 72, and a rubber block 73; the valve core 43 is provided with a groove; the groove is slidably connected with the sliding plate 72; the spring 71 is arranged between the sliding plate 72 and the bottom surface of the groove; one end of the spring 71 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the groove; the other end of the spring 71 is fixedly connected to the sliding plate 72; a rubber block 73 is arranged on one side of the sliding plate 72 away from the spring 71; the rubber block 73 is fixedly connected to the sliding plate 72; the outer plane of the rubber block 73 is lower than the side wall of the valve core 43.
When the stainless steel ball is in rolling contact with the valve core 43 downwards in the quenching channel 31 and in rolling contact with the valve core 43 downwards in the cleaning channel 33, if the stainless steel ball is directly impacted on the valve core 43, the valve core 43 is easy to damage, and liquid is easy to leak, the buffer part 7 is arranged on the valve core 43, and the spring 71 is compressed under the action of impact force after the stainless steel ball is impacted on the rubber block 73, so that a recoil effect is achieved when the stainless steel ball is in rolling contact with the valve core 43 downwards, the damage to the valve core 43 when the stainless steel ball is in rolling contact with the valve core 43 is reduced, and the service lives of the first on-off component 4, the second on-off component 41 and the third on-off component 42 are prolonged; meanwhile, the rubber block 73 prevents the stainless steel ball from deforming when the stainless steel ball impacts the valve core 43, thereby avoiding affecting the surface quality of the stainless steel ball and further ensuring that the surface quality of the stainless steel ball is not damaged in the heat treatment process.
As shown in fig. 6 and 10, a first narrow groove 81 is formed on the side wall of the channel between the first on-off component 4 and the second on-off component 41; the first narrow groove 81 is located at one side of the second on-off component 41, and the lowest end of the first narrow groove 81 is located at the lowest point of the inner wall of the channel between the first on-off component 4 and the second on-off component 41; the diameter of the first narrow groove 81 is far smaller than that of the stainless steel ball; the connecting rod 12 is provided with a first pump 8; the water inlet of the first pump 8 is communicated with the first narrow groove 81 through a water pipe; the water outlet of the first pump 8 is communicated with the rapid cooling channel 32 through a water pipe.
When the stainless steel ball reaches the bottom of the quick cooling channel 32 and contacts the valve core 43, the first on-off component 4 is controlled by the controller to be opened, then the stainless steel ball and the cooling liquid enter the channel between the first on-off component 4 and the second on-off component 41 together, the first on-off component 4 is closed, then the channel between the first on-off component 4 and the second on-off component 41 forms an independent cavity, then the first pump 8 is controlled by the controller to operate, then the cooling liquid in the cavity is pumped back into the quick cooling channel 32, after the liquid in the cavity is pumped out, the second on-off component 41 is controlled by the controller to be opened, then the stainless steel ball in the cavity enters the cleaning channel 33, then the second on-off component 41 is controlled by the controller to be closed, then the cooling liquid in the quick cooling channel 32 is isolated from the cleaning channel 33 through the mutual matching between the first on-off component 4 and the second on-off component 41, the stainless steel ball is guaranteed to continuously roll downwards to enter the subsequent processing channel, pollution to the cleaning channel 33 caused by the cooling liquid flow into the cleaning channel 33 is avoided, and the cleaning capacity of the cleaning channel 33 is further reduced.
As shown in fig. 6 and 11, the flushing part 9 includes a No. two pump 91, a No. three pump 92, a connection plate, and a water storage tank 93; the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 12; the connecting plate is fixedly connected with the second pump 91, the third pump 92 and the water storage tank 93; a water pumping groove 331 and a water spraying groove 332 are arranged on the side wall of the cleaning channel 33 at a position close to the third on-off component 42; the widths of the pumping groove 331 and the water spraying groove 332 are far smaller than the diameter of the stainless steel ball; the water inlet of the second pump 91 is communicated with the pumping tank 331 through a water pipe; the water outlet of the second pump 91 is communicated with the top of the water storage tank 93; the water inlet of the third pump 92 is communicated with the bottom of the water storage tank 93; the water outlet of the third pump 92 is communicated with the water spraying groove 332.
When the stainless steel ball enters the cleaning channel 33 from the rapid cooling channel 32, the controller controls the second pump 91 and the third pump 92 to operate simultaneously, so that the second pump 91 pumps cleaning liquid in the cleaning pipeline into the water storage tank 93, the cleaning liquid in the water storage tank 93 is pumped by the third pump 92 and then sprayed into the cleaning channel 33 from the water spraying tank 332, the stainless steel ball is cleaned through flowing cleaning liquid, the cleaning liquid is enabled to circulate through the cooperation of the second pump 91 and the third pump 92, the stainless steel ball is cleaned in a circulating mode, the surface cleanliness of the stainless steel ball is improved, and the effect of the unclean surface after tempering and affecting the heat treatment of the stainless steel ball is prevented; when the cleaning is completed, the controller controls the third pump 92 to stop running, and then the cleaning solution in the cleaning channel 33 is pumped into the water storage tank 93 through the second pump 91, when the cleaning solution in the cleaning channel 33 is pumped completely, the controller controls the second pump 91 to stop running, then controls the third on-off component 42 to be opened, and then the stainless steel ball enters the drying channel 34, after the stainless steel ball passes through the third on-off component 42, the controller controls the third on-off component 42 to be closed, after the third on-off component 42 is closed, the controller controls the third pump 92 to run, and then the cleaning solution in the water storage tank 93 is refilled into the cleaning channel 33.
As shown in fig. 11, the pumping grooves 331 are uniformly spaced at the lowest part of the inner wall of the cleaning passage 33; the water spraying grooves 332 are uniformly arranged at the highest position of the inner wall of the cleaning channel 33 at intervals; the water spraying groove 332 is inclined.
In operation, the water pumping grooves 331 are arranged at the lowest part of the cleaning channel 33, so that all cleaning liquid in the cleaning channel 33 is pumped out, and because the width of the water pumping grooves 331 is far smaller than the diameter of the stainless steel balls, the time for pumping out the cleaning liquid in the cleaning channel 33 is shortened by arranging a plurality of water pumping grooves 331, and the reduction of the heat treatment efficiency of the stainless steel balls due to overlong time required by pumping out is avoided; the water spraying groove 332 is arranged at the highest position of the cleaning channel 33, and the water spraying groove 332 is obliquely arranged, so that the turbulence degree of the cleaning liquid in the cleaning channel 33 is increased in the water spraying process of the water spraying groove 332, the flow speed of the cleaning liquid on the surface of the stainless steel ball is further increased, and the cleaning degree of the surface of the stainless steel ball is further improved; meanwhile, the water flow sprayed by the water spraying groove 332 has an obstruction effect on the stainless steel ball when the stainless steel ball passes, so that the impact of the stainless steel ball on the valve core 43 of the third on-off component 42 is reduced.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the inlet end of the tempering passage 35 is directly connected to the outlet end of the drying passage 34.
During operation, the inlet end of the tempering channel 35 is directly connected with the outlet end of the drying channel 34, so that heat emitted by the stainless steel ball when passing through the tempering channel 35 is discharged from the air outlet above the drying channel 34 upwards through the drying channel 34 along the tempering channel 35, and further, the waste heat in the tempering channel 35 is utilized to dry the stainless steel ball, so that energy consumption is saved, and cost is reduced.
As shown in fig. 6 and 12, the intermittent feeding part 2 includes a hopper 21, a motor 22, and a turntable 23; the bottom of the hopper 21 is fixedly connected to the top end of the supporting column 11; the bottom of the hopper 21 is communicated with the heat treatment channel 3; the bottom of the hopper 21 is inclined towards the heat treatment channel 3; a turntable 23 is arranged in the hopper 21 at a position close to the heat treatment channel 3; the turntable 23 is rotatably connected to the hopper 21 through a rotating shaft; the hopper 21 is fixedly connected with a mounting seat of the motor 22; the rotating shaft of the motor 22 is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft; the turntable 23 is provided with material distributing openings 231 at equal intervals.
During operation, the controller controls the motor 22 to rotate, and then the motor 22 drives the rotating shaft to rotate, and then drives the turntable 23 to rotate, and then intermittently feeds the stainless steel balls into the feeding port of the heat treatment channel 3 through the material distributing port 231 on the turntable 23, so that the stainless steel balls are prevented from being accumulated in the heat treatment pipeline, and further the heat treatment can be ensured to continuously work.
During operation, high-frequency alternating current is firstly introduced into the spiral lead 36, then the stainless steel ball to be heat-treated is placed into the intermittent feeding component, then the controller controls the motor 22 to rotate, the motor 22 drives the rotating shaft to rotate, the rotating disc 23 is driven to rotate, and the stainless steel ball is intermittently fed into the feed port of the heat treatment channel 3 through the feed port 231 on the rotating disc 23, because the height difference exists at two ends of the heat treatment channel 3, the feed end of the heat treatment channel 3 gradually decreases towards the discharge end of the heat treatment channel 3, and then the stainless steel ball rolls downwards along the heat treatment channel 3 under the action of self gravity after passing through the heat treatment channel 3, when the stainless steel ball passes through the quenching channel 31, the high-frequency alternating current is introduced into the spiral lead 36, so that an alternating magnetic field is generated to generate induction current with the same frequency in a workpiece, and the surface of the workpiece is rapidly heated by the skin effect, so that the surface of the stainless steel ball is quenched; after the quenched stainless steel ball enters the quick cooling channel 32, when the stainless steel ball reaches the bottom of the quick cooling channel 32 and contacts with the valve core 43, the first on-off component 4 is controlled to be opened by the controller, then the stainless steel ball enters a channel between the first on-off component 4 and the second on-off component 41 together with cooling liquid, then the first on-off component 4 is closed, then the channel between the first on-off component 4 and the second on-off component 41 forms an independent cavity, then the first pump 8 is controlled to operate by the controller, then the cooling liquid in the cavity is pumped back into the quick cooling channel 32, after the liquid in the cavity is pumped out, the second on-off component 41 is controlled by the controller to be opened, then the stainless steel ball in the cavity enters the cleaning channel 33, then the second on-off component 41 is controlled by the controller to be closed, the buffer component 7 is arranged on the valve core 43, the spring 71 is compressed under the action of impact force after the stainless steel ball is impacted on the rubber block 73, the stainless steel ball is in backflushing action when being in rolling contact with the valve core 43, the damage to the valve core 43 when the stainless steel ball is in rolling contact with the valve core 43 is reduced, the stainless steel ball enters the cleaning channel 33, when the stainless steel ball enters the cleaning channel 33 from the rapid cooling channel 32, the second pump 91 and the third pump 92 are controlled to operate simultaneously by the controller, the cleaning liquid in the cleaning pipeline is pumped into the water storage tank 93 by the second pump 91, the cleaning liquid in the water storage tank 93 is pumped by the third pump 92 and then sprayed into the cleaning channel 33 from the water spraying groove 332, the cleaning of the stainless steel ball is realized by flowing cleaning liquid, the circulating flow of the cleaning liquid is realized by the second pump 91 and the third pump 92, the circulating cleaning of the stainless steel ball is realized, when the cleaning is finished, the controller controls the third pump 92 to stop running, and then the cleaning liquid in the cleaning channel 33 is pumped into the water storage tank 93 through the second pump 91, when the cleaning liquid in the cleaning channel 33 is pumped out completely, the controller controls the second pump 91 to stop running, then controls the third on-off component 42 to be opened, after the stainless steel ball passes through the third on-off component 42, the controller controls the third on-off component 42 to be closed, after the third on-off component 42 is closed, the controller controls the third pump 92 to run, and then the cleaning liquid in the water storage tank 93 is refilled into the cleaning channel 33, the cleaned stainless steel ball enters the drying channel 34 to be dried, the dried stainless steel ball enters the tempering channel 35 to be tempered, and rolls out from the outlet end of the tempering channel 35 after the tempering is finished.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and many forms may be made by those having ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention and the scope of the claims, which are to be protected by the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The stainless steel ball heat treatment equipment based on gravity conveying comprises a base (1), a support column (11) and a connecting rod (12); the support column (11) is arranged above the base (1); the support column (11) is fixedly connected to the base (1); the connecting rods (12) are arranged on the supporting columns (11) at intervals; one section of the connecting rod (12) is fixedly connected to the supporting column (11); the method is characterized in that: the heat treatment apparatus further comprises a batch feed component (2) and a heat treatment channel (3); the other end of the connecting rod (12) is connected to the side wall of the heat treatment channel (3); the upper end of the supporting column (11) is provided with the intermittent feeding component (2); the intermittent feeding component (2) is used for intermittently feeding stainless steel balls into the heat treatment channel (3); the two ends of the heat treatment channel (3) have height difference, and the height of the feeding end of the heat treatment channel (3) gradually decreases towards the discharging end of the heat treatment channel (3); the inner wall of the heat treatment channel (3) is a smooth surface; the feeding end of the heat treatment channel (3) is connected with the intermittent feeding component (2); the heat treatment channel (3) is used for quenching, rapidly cooling, cleaning, drying and tempering the stainless steel balls in sequence;
The heat treatment channel (3) comprises a quenching channel (31), a rapid cooling channel (32), a cleaning channel (33), a drying channel (34) and a tempering channel (35); the quenching channel (31), the rapid cooling channel (32), the cleaning channel (33), the drying channel (34) and the tempering channel (35) are sequentially communicated; both the quenching channel (31) and the tempering channel (35) are made of high-temperature resistant ceramics; a wire (36) is arranged in the side walls of the quenching channel (31) and the tempering channel (35); the wire (36) is spirally wound in the side walls of the quenching channel (31) and the tempering channel (35); a first on-off component (4) and a second on-off component (41) are sequentially arranged between the rapid cooling channel (32) and the cleaning channel (33); the first on-off component (4) and the second on-off component (41) are arranged at intervals; a third on-off component (42) is arranged between the cleaning channel (33) and the drying channel (34); the first switching component (4), the second switching component (41) and the third switching component (42) are used for switching on and off the heat treatment channel (3);
an insulating layer (5) is arranged on the outer walls of the quenching channel (31) and the tempering channel (35); a heat insulation layer (51) is arranged on the outer wall of the heat insulation layer (5); electromagnets (6) are arranged at positions, close to the heat insulation layer (51), under the quenching channel (31) and the tempering channel (35); the electromagnets (6) are uniformly arranged at intervals along the travelling directions of the quenching channel (31) and the tempering channel (35); a fixed plate (61) is arranged below the electromagnet (6); the electromagnet (6) is fixedly connected to the fixed plate (61); the fixing plate (61) is fixedly connected to the support column (11) through the connecting rod (12);
A first narrow groove (81) is formed in the side wall of the channel between the first on-off component (4) and the second on-off component (41); the first narrow groove (81) is positioned at one side of the second on-off component (41), and the lowest end of the first narrow groove (81) is positioned at the lowest point of the inner wall of the channel between the first on-off component (4) and the second on-off component (41); the diameter of the first narrow groove (81) is far smaller than that of the stainless steel ball; a first pump (8) is arranged on the connecting rod (12); the water inlet of the first pump (8) is communicated with the first narrow groove (81) through a water pipe; the water outlet of the first pump (8) is communicated with the rapid cooling channel (32) through a water pipe;
a flushing part (9) is arranged near the cleaning channel (33); the flushing part (9) comprises a second pump (91), a third pump (92), a connecting plate and a water storage tank (93); the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the connecting rod (12); the connecting plate is fixedly connected with the second pump (91), the third pump (92) and the water storage tank (93); a water pumping groove (331) and a water spraying groove (332) are arranged on the side wall of the cleaning channel (33) at a position close to the third on-off component (42); the widths of the pumping groove (331) and the water spraying groove (332) are far smaller than the diameter of the stainless steel ball; the water inlet of the second pump (91) is communicated with the pumping groove (331) through a water pipe; the water outlet of the second pump (91) is communicated with the top of the water storage tank (93); the water inlet of the third pump (92) is communicated with the bottom of the water storage tank (93); the water outlet of the third pump (92) is communicated with the water spraying groove (332).
2. The gravity-feed-based stainless steel ball heat treatment device of claim 1, wherein: the first on-off component (4), the second on-off component (41) and the third on-off component (42) are ball valves or gate valves; the first on-off component (4), the second on-off component (41) and the third on-off component (42) are provided with buffer components (7) on the side walls of the valve core (43) corresponding to the passage opening of the valve body in a closed state; the buffer part (7) comprises a spring (71), a sliding plate (72) and a rubber block (73); the valve core (43) is provided with a groove; the groove is slidably connected with the sliding plate (72); the spring (71) is arranged between the sliding plate (72) and the bottom surface of the groove; one end of the spring (71) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the groove; the other end of the spring (71) is fixedly connected to the sliding plate (72); a rubber block (73) is arranged on one side of the sliding plate (72) away from the spring (71); the rubber block (73) is fixedly connected to the sliding plate (72); the outer side plane of the rubber block (73) is lower than the side wall of the valve core (43).
3. A gravity-feed-based stainless steel ball heat treatment device as claimed in claim 2 wherein: the pumping grooves (331) are uniformly arranged at the lowest part of the inner wall of the cleaning channel (33) at intervals; the water spraying grooves (332) are uniformly arranged at the highest position of the inner wall of the cleaning channel (33) at intervals; the water spraying groove (332) is obliquely arranged.
4. A gravity-fed stainless steel ball heat treatment device according to claim 3, wherein: the inlet end of the tempering channel (35) is directly connected with the outlet end of the drying channel (34).
5. The gravity-feed-based stainless steel ball heat treatment device of claim 4, wherein: the intermittent feeding component (2) comprises a hopper (21), a motor (22) and a rotary table (23); the bottom of the hopper (21) is fixedly connected to the top end of the supporting column (11); the bottom of the hopper (21) is communicated with the heat treatment channel (3); the bottom of the hopper (21) is inclined towards the heat treatment channel (3); a turntable (23) is arranged in the hopper (21) at a position close to the heat treatment channel (3); the rotary table (23) is rotationally connected to the hopper (21) through a rotary shaft; the hopper (21) is fixedly connected with a mounting seat of the motor (22); the rotating shaft of the motor (22) is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft; and distributing openings (231) are uniformly arranged on the rotary table (23) at intervals.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111305113.9A CN114085981B (en) | 2021-11-05 | 2021-11-05 | Stainless steel ball heat treatment equipment based on gravity conveying |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111305113.9A CN114085981B (en) | 2021-11-05 | 2021-11-05 | Stainless steel ball heat treatment equipment based on gravity conveying |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114085981A CN114085981A (en) | 2022-02-25 |
| CN114085981B true CN114085981B (en) | 2023-09-29 |
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5751218A (en) * | 1980-09-12 | 1982-03-26 | Komatsu Ltd | Method for cooling in heat treatment of ball for grinding |
| CN85109476A (en) * | 1985-12-30 | 1987-04-22 | 王希龙 | Technology for forging and rolling steel ball of high wear resistence and low manganese content |
| CN1165865A (en) * | 1997-03-06 | 1997-11-26 | 西昌市铁工厂 | Heat treatment process of medium-high carbon low alloyed steel forged ball and overhead rollaway type quenching appts. |
| RU2455369C1 (en) * | 2011-05-06 | 2012-07-10 | Открытое акционерное общество "ПРОМКО" | Device and method for heat treatment of balls |
| CN208167046U (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2018-11-30 | 郑州飞虹热处理设备制造有限公司 | A kind of rotary cooling device suitable for disc type work impewdance matching |
| CN109504842A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-03-22 | 苏州中门子工业炉科技有限公司 | The dedicated continuous heat drum-type production line of bearing steel ball and technique |
| CN113151659A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-07-23 | 东阿海鸥钢球有限公司 | Intelligent heat treatment system for steel balls |
-
2021
- 2021-11-05 CN CN202111305113.9A patent/CN114085981B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5751218A (en) * | 1980-09-12 | 1982-03-26 | Komatsu Ltd | Method for cooling in heat treatment of ball for grinding |
| CN85109476A (en) * | 1985-12-30 | 1987-04-22 | 王希龙 | Technology for forging and rolling steel ball of high wear resistence and low manganese content |
| CN1165865A (en) * | 1997-03-06 | 1997-11-26 | 西昌市铁工厂 | Heat treatment process of medium-high carbon low alloyed steel forged ball and overhead rollaway type quenching appts. |
| RU2455369C1 (en) * | 2011-05-06 | 2012-07-10 | Открытое акционерное общество "ПРОМКО" | Device and method for heat treatment of balls |
| CN208167046U (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2018-11-30 | 郑州飞虹热处理设备制造有限公司 | A kind of rotary cooling device suitable for disc type work impewdance matching |
| CN109504842A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-03-22 | 苏州中门子工业炉科技有限公司 | The dedicated continuous heat drum-type production line of bearing steel ball and technique |
| CN113151659A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-07-23 | 东阿海鸥钢球有限公司 | Intelligent heat treatment system for steel balls |
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| CN114085981A (en) | 2022-02-25 |
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