CN114083243A - Thin-wall shell machining process - Google Patents
Thin-wall shell machining process Download PDFInfo
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- CN114083243A CN114083243A CN202111480338.8A CN202111480338A CN114083243A CN 114083243 A CN114083243 A CN 114083243A CN 202111480338 A CN202111480338 A CN 202111480338A CN 114083243 A CN114083243 A CN 114083243A
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- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title claims description 50
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010330 laser marking Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/02—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for mounting on a work-table, tool-slide, or analogous part
- B23Q3/06—Work-clamping means
- B23Q3/062—Work-clamping means adapted for holding workpieces having a special form or being made from a special material
- B23Q3/065—Work-clamping means adapted for holding workpieces having a special form or being made from a special material for holding workpieces being specially deformable, e.g. made from thin-walled or elastic material
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Jigs For Machine Tools (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a thin-wall shell processing technology, which comprises the following specific steps: A. blanking, B, rough turning of an outer circle and an inner hole, C, heat treatment, D, rough turning and post-turning positioning, E, primary semi-finish turning, F, stress removal, G, primary semi-finish turning and post-turning positioning, H, secondary semi-finish turning, I and finish turning, and finish turning is carried out on a secondary finish-machined part to meet the tolerance and finish requirement of the part; J. and milling a molded surface, clamping the part through a special fixture, and milling the part into the molded surface. The thin-wall shell processing technology can process and produce the thin-wall shells in batches, and the qualification rate is improved to more than 90% from 50% in the initial trial production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention particularly relates to a thin-wall shell machining process, and belongs to the technical field of thin-wall shell machining.
Background
As shown in fig. 1, the part is a thin-walled cylinder part, as can be seen from fig. 1, the part has a thin wall, a large machining allowance, a conical surface in appearance, and a poor machining standard, in particular, the cylindricity of the right-end inner hole and the excircle is not easy to guarantee, and the corresponding dimensional tolerance is not guaranteed, and the part is made of an aluminum alloy material, and is easy to deform during machining and difficult to control in dimension, so that the machining difficulty needs to be technically checked, and qualified parts are produced, and the requirements of product assembly and subsequent application are met.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a thin-wall shell processing technology, which is characterized in that research and development and experiments are carried out for a plurality of times from the size of the processing allowance to the clamping mode, a reasonable process file is finally formed, and a breakthrough is made in the thin-wall shell processing technology.
The invention discloses a thin-wall shell processing technology, which comprises the following specific steps:
A. blanking, namely blanking by selecting an aluminum alloy material according to the size of a product to obtain a part blank;
B. roughly turning an outer circle and an inner hole, clamping and positioning a part blank by using a lathe fixture, and after clamping is completed, roughly turning the outer circle and the inner hole on the part blank by using a lathe to obtain a rough part, reserving allowance for finish turning of the rough part, wherein the diameter of the inner hole is 1 mm, and the diameter of the outer circle is 2 mm;
C. performing heat treatment, namely performing first heat treatment on the rough part finished in the previous procedure to eliminate residual stress generated in the material; in order to remove the influence of stress and stabilize the machining size, a heat treatment process is added just after rough machining, a small batch of parts are trial-manufactured, deformation is reduced compared with the prior part, and the qualified rate is doubled.
D. Positioning by turning after rough turning, and positioning the rough part subjected to heat treatment by turning to obtain a clamping and positioning surface of the primary semi-finish turning fixture;
E. primary semi-finish turning, namely clamping a lathe fixture to a primary finish turning fixture clamping positioning surface, and performing primary semi-finish turning to obtain a primary semi-finish-finished part, wherein the allowance of the primary semi-finish-finished part is reserved for secondary semi-finish turning, and the single edge of the excircle of an inner hole is 0.2 mm;
F. stress removal, namely performing stress removal heat treatment on the workpiece finished in the previous procedure to eliminate residual stress generated in the material; after semi-finish turning, stress relief treatment is added once again, a small batch of parts are trial-manufactured, the machining size tends to be stable, but a small number of unqualified products still appear, and the whole machining process parameters are adjusted for the small number of unqualified products, so that the yield is greatly improved.
G. Turning and positioning after primary semi-finish turning, and turning and positioning the primary semi-finish machined part subjected to heat treatment to obtain a secondary semi-finish turning clamp fastening positioning surface;
H. secondary semi-finish turning, namely clamping a lathe fixture to a secondary semi-finish turning fixture clamping positioning surface, and performing secondary semi-finish turning to obtain a secondary semi-finish-finished part, wherein the secondary semi-finish-finished part is left with allowance for final finish turning amount, and the single side is 0.2 mm;
I. finish turning, wherein the secondary semi-finish machining part is finish turned to meet the tolerance and finish requirement of the part; the machining allowance is changed, the size change is determined to be large, and the most reasonable process parameters are obtained by adjusting the machining allowance between each process, namely the process parameters have the highest yield and the best product stability under the same clamping and stress relieving conditions.
J. The method comprises the steps of milling a molded surface, clamping parts through a special clamp, milling the parts into the molded surface, trying different clamping modes when the best machining allowance is obtained, designing a plurality of clamping auxiliary tools, finally finding the best clamping method through practical operation experiments, wherein the size connection among all working procedures tends to be reasonable, and the machining quality stably rises.
Further, before the primary semi-finish machining, semi-finish machining is carried out on the inner hole of the large end of the rough part; before the secondary semi-finish machining, the primary semi-finish machining part is subjected to finish thread machining; and before the milling forming surface, machining holes and grooves on the part in a machining center.
Further, the milling profile further comprises the procedures of cutter mark trimming and thread tapping.
Furthermore, the primary semi-finish turning, the secondary semi-finish turning and the finish turning all comprise finish turning inner holes and finish turning shapes.
And further, before the appearance finish turning process, laser marking is carried out on the part.
Furthermore, the special fixture for milling the molded surface comprises a chuck, and cushion blocks are arranged at intervals on the outer edge of the bottom surface of the chuck; a positioning block is fixed on the inner surface of the clamping jaw of the chuck; the inner surface of the positioning block is of a cambered surface structure attached to the outer wall of the part; at least one the locating piece top spin has connect the reference column, and this set of anchor clamps utilizes current chuck, has solved and has pressed from both sides tight problem, utilizes current chuck, increases the cushion and highly increases, increases the locating piece, has realized the location problem to it realizes that the circumference is spacing to set up the reference column, and this frock can be made and put into production in short time, has striven for the time for scientific research trial-manufacturing.
Compared with the prior art, the thin-wall shell processing technology can process and produce the thin-wall shells in batches, and the qualification rate is improved to more than 90% from 50% in the initial trial production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a machined workpiece structure according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall process flow of example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic process flow diagram of example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the special fixture of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 4 according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
the thin-wall shell machining process shown in fig. 2 and 3 specifically comprises the following steps:
A. blanking, namely blanking by selecting an aluminum alloy material according to the size of a product to obtain a part blank;
B. roughly turning an outer circle and an inner hole, clamping and positioning the part blank by using a lathe fixture, and after clamping is completed, roughly turning the outer circle and the inner hole on the part blank by using a lathe to obtain a rough part of the part, wherein the allowance of the rough part of the product is reserved for finish turning; the diameter of the inner hole is 1 mm, and the diameter of the outer circle is 2 mm;
C. performing heat treatment, namely performing first heat treatment on the rough part finished in the previous procedure to eliminate residual stress generated in the material; in order to remove the influence of stress and stabilize the machining size, a heat treatment process is added just after rough machining, a small batch of parts are trial-manufactured, deformation is reduced compared with the prior part, and the qualified rate is doubled.
D. Positioning by rough turning, and positioning the rough part subjected to heat treatment by turning to obtain a clamping and positioning surface of the primary finish turning fixture;
E. primary semi-finish turning, namely clamping a lathe fixture to a clamping and positioning surface of a primary finish turning fixture, and performing primary semi-finish turning to obtain a primary finish-machined part, wherein the allowance of the primary finish-machined part is reserved for secondary finish turning, and the single edge of the excircle of an inner hole is 0.2 mm;
F. stress removal, namely performing stress removal heat treatment on the workpiece finished in the previous procedure to eliminate residual stress generated in the material; after semi-finish turning, stress relief treatment is added once again, a small batch of parts are trial-manufactured, the machining size tends to be stable, but a small number of unqualified products still appear, and the whole machining process parameters are adjusted for the small number of unqualified products, so that the yield is greatly improved.
G. Turning and positioning after primary semi-finish turning, and turning and positioning the primary finish-machined part subjected to heat treatment to obtain a secondary finish-turned clamp fastening positioning surface;
H. secondary semi-finish turning, namely clamping a lathe fixture to a secondary finish turning fixture clamping positioning surface, and performing secondary semi-finish turning to obtain a secondary finish-machined part, wherein the secondary finish-machined part is left with allowance for final finish turning amount, and the single side is 0.2 mm;
I. finish turning, wherein the secondary finish-machined part is finish-turned to meet the tolerance and finish requirement of the part; the machining allowance is changed, the size change is determined to be large, and the most reasonable process parameters are obtained by adjusting the machining allowance between each process, namely the process parameters have the highest yield and the best product stability under the same clamping and stress relieving conditions.
J. The method comprises the steps of milling a molded surface, clamping parts through a special clamp, milling the parts into the molded surface, trying different clamping modes when the best machining allowance is obtained, designing a plurality of clamping auxiliary tools, finally finding the best clamping method through practical operation experiments, wherein the size connection among all working procedures tends to be reasonable, and the machining quality stably rises.
Before the primary semi-finish machining, firstly, semi-finish machining is carried out on a large-end inner hole of a rough part; before the secondary semi-finish machining, the primary finish machining part is subjected to finish machining of threads; and before the milling forming surface, machining holes and grooves on the part in a machining center.
The milling of the profile further comprises the working procedures of cutter mark trimming and thread tapping.
And the primary semi-finish turning, the secondary semi-finish turning and the finish turning all comprise finish turning inner holes and finish turning shapes.
Before the appearance finish turning process, the parts are subjected to laser marking.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the special fixture for milling the profile comprises a chuck 1, and cushion blocks 2 are arranged at intervals on the outer edge of the bottom surface of the chuck 1; a positioning block 3 is fixed on the inner surface of a clamping jaw of the chuck 1; the inner surface of the positioning block 3 is of a cambered surface structure attached to the outer wall of the part K; at least one locating piece 3 top spin has connect reference column 4, and this set of anchor clamps utilizes current chuck, has solved and has pressed from both sides tight problem, utilizes current chuck, increases the cushion and highly increases, increases the locating piece, has realized the location problem to it is spacing to set up the reference column and realize the circumference, and this frock can be made and put into production in short time, has striven for the time for scientific research trial-manufacturing.
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all equivalent changes or modifications of the structures, features and principles described in the claims of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A thin-wall shell machining process is characterized in that: the process comprises the following specific steps:
A. blanking, namely blanking by selecting an aluminum alloy material according to the size of a product to obtain a part blank;
B. roughly turning an outer circle and an inner hole, clamping and positioning a part blank by using a lathe fixture, and after clamping is completed, roughly turning the outer circle and the inner hole on the part blank by using a lathe to obtain a rough part, reserving allowance for finish turning of the rough part, wherein the diameter of the inner hole is 1 mm, and the diameter of the outer circle is 2 mm;
C. performing heat treatment, namely performing first heat treatment on the rough part finished in the previous procedure to eliminate residual stress generated in the material;
D. positioning by rough turning, and positioning the rough part subjected to heat treatment by turning to obtain a clamping and positioning surface of the primary finish turning fixture;
E. primary semi-finish turning, namely clamping a lathe fixture to a clamping and positioning surface of a primary finish turning fixture, and performing primary semi-finish turning to obtain a primary finish-machined part, wherein the allowance of the primary finish-machined part is reserved for secondary finish turning, and the single edge of the excircle of an inner hole is 0.2 mm;
F. stress removal, namely performing stress removal heat treatment on the workpiece finished in the previous procedure to eliminate residual stress generated in the material;
G. turning and positioning after primary semi-finish turning, and turning and positioning the primary finish-machined part subjected to heat treatment to obtain a secondary finish-turned clamp fastening positioning surface;
H. secondary semi-finish turning, namely clamping a lathe fixture to a secondary finish turning fixture clamping positioning surface, and performing secondary semi-finish turning to obtain a secondary finish-machined part, wherein the secondary finish-machined part is left with allowance for final finish turning amount, and the single side is 0.2 mm;
I. finish turning, wherein the secondary finish-machined part is finish-turned to meet the tolerance and finish requirement of the part;
J. and milling a molded surface, clamping the part through a special fixture, and milling the part into the molded surface.
2. The thin-walled shell machining process of claim 1, wherein: before the primary semi-finish machining, firstly, semi-finish machining is carried out on a large-end inner hole of a rough part; before the secondary semi-finish machining, the primary finish machining part is subjected to finish machining of threads; and before the milling forming surface, machining holes and grooves on the part in a machining center.
3. The thin-walled shell machining process of claim 1, wherein: the milling of the profile further comprises the working procedures of cutter mark trimming and thread tapping.
4. The thin-walled shell machining process of claim 1, wherein: and the primary semi-finish turning, the secondary semi-finish turning and the finish turning all comprise finish turning inner holes and finish turning shapes.
5. The thin-walled shell machining process of claim 4, wherein: before the appearance finish turning process, the parts are subjected to laser marking.
6. The thin-walled shell machining process of claim 1, wherein: the special fixture for milling the molded surface comprises a chuck, wherein cushion blocks are arranged at intervals on the outer edge of the bottom surface of the chuck; a positioning block is fixed on the inner surface of the clamping jaw of the chuck; the inner surface of the positioning block is of a cambered surface structure attached to the outer wall of the part; and a positioning column is screwed on at least one positioning block.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111480338.8A CN114083243A (en) | 2021-12-06 | 2021-12-06 | Thin-wall shell machining process |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111480338.8A CN114083243A (en) | 2021-12-06 | 2021-12-06 | Thin-wall shell machining process |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114918627A (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2022-08-19 | 四川玖谊源粒子科技有限公司 | Metal box body machining method based on turning and milling |
| CN115555814A (en) * | 2022-12-08 | 2023-01-03 | 西安聚能超导磁体科技有限公司 | Superconducting magnet framework processing method and superconducting magnet framework |
| CN115647732A (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2023-01-31 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Precision machining method for high-precision aluminum-based silicon carbide thin-wall shell type part |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114918627A (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2022-08-19 | 四川玖谊源粒子科技有限公司 | Metal box body machining method based on turning and milling |
| CN114918627B (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2024-03-19 | 四川玖谊源粒子科技有限公司 | Metal box body machining method based on turning and milling |
| CN115647732A (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2023-01-31 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Precision machining method for high-precision aluminum-based silicon carbide thin-wall shell type part |
| CN115647732B (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2024-04-19 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | Precision machining method for high-precision aluminum-based silicon carbide thin-wall shell parts |
| CN115555814A (en) * | 2022-12-08 | 2023-01-03 | 西安聚能超导磁体科技有限公司 | Superconducting magnet framework processing method and superconducting magnet framework |
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