CN114070071A - High-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter - Google Patents

High-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114070071A
CN114070071A CN202111536718.9A CN202111536718A CN114070071A CN 114070071 A CN114070071 A CN 114070071A CN 202111536718 A CN202111536718 A CN 202111536718A CN 114070071 A CN114070071 A CN 114070071A
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circuit
converter
inductor
connection end
resonant circuit
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CN202111536718.9A
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CN114070071B (en
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向小路
李俊敏
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Shenzhen Shenyuan Technology Energy Co ltd
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Shenzhen Shenyuan Technology Energy Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33576—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • H02M3/33584—Bidirectional converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter, which comprises an inverter circuit, a resonance circuit, a selection circuit, a transformer and a rectification circuit, wherein the resonance circuit comprises a first inductor, a second inductor and a first capacitor, one end of the second inductor is connected with one end of the first capacitor and one end of the first inductor, the other end of the second inductor and the other end of the first capacitor are used as a first connection end of the resonance circuit, the other end of the second inductor and the other end of the first inductor are used as a second connection end of the resonance circuit, the selection circuit is connected with the resonance circuit, so that the first connection end is connected with the inverter circuit in a first state, the second connection end is connected with the primary winding of the transformer in a second state, the first connection end is connected with the inverter circuit, the secondary winding of the transformer is connected with the input side of the rectification circuit, the output side of the rectification circuit and the input side of the inverter circuit are respectively used as the second connection end of the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter An outer terminal and a first outer terminal.

Description

High-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power conversion, in particular to a high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter.
Background
The DC-DC converter is a DC/DC converter capable of adjusting energy bidirectional transmission according to requirements, and is mainly applied to occasions such as an energy storage system, a vehicle-mounted power supply system, a feedback charging and discharging system, a hybrid energy electric vehicle and the like.
In a traditional LLC resonant DC-DC converter, ZVS (zero voltage switching) conduction of a switching tube on the primary side and ZCS (zero voltage switching) conduction of a diode on a rectifying side can be realized no matter in forward and reverse work, but when energy flows reversely, the circuit characteristic is not the LLC resonant characteristic any more and is degraded into the LC resonant characteristic, the maximum voltage gain of LC resonance is changed into 1, the voltage gain in reverse work is greatly reduced, the output voltage range is greatly narrowed, and therefore the LLC resonant DC-DC converter is not suitable for working in a wide-range energy bidirectional flow state, and the application scene of the LLC resonant DC-DC converter is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter which has small loss during forward and reverse working and can improve the output voltage range.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter, comprising an inverter circuit, a resonant circuit, a selection circuit, a transformer and a rectifying circuit, wherein the resonant circuit comprises a first inductor, a second inductor and a first capacitor, one end of the second inductor is connected to one end of the first capacitor and one end of the first inductor, the other end of the second inductor and the other end of the first capacitor are used as a first connection end of the resonant circuit, the other end of the second inductor and the other end of the first inductor are used as a second connection end of the resonant circuit, the selection circuit is connected to the resonant circuit, so that when the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter operates in a first state, the first connection end of the resonant circuit is connected to the inverter circuit, the second connection end is connected to a primary winding of the transformer, and when the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter operates in a second state, the second connection end of the resonant circuit is connected to the inverter circuit, the first connecting end is connected with a primary winding of a transformer, a secondary winding of the transformer is connected with an input side of a rectifying circuit, an output side of the rectifying circuit and an input side of an inverter circuit are respectively used as a second external connecting end and a first external connecting end of the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter, when the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter is in the first state, electric power is transmitted from the first external connecting end to the second external connecting end, and when the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter is in the second state, electric power is transmitted from the second external connecting end to the first external connecting end.
The further technical scheme is as follows: the selection circuit comprises a first selection switch and a second selection switch, wherein the common end and the normally closed end of the first selection switch are connected between the inverter circuit and the resonance circuit, the common end and the normally closed end of the second selection switch are connected between the transformer and the resonance circuit, the normally closed end and the normally open end of the second selection switch are respectively connected with the normally open end and the normally closed end of the first selection switch, the common ends of the first selection switch and the second selection switch are both connected with the normally closed end of the first selection switch in a first state, the common ends of the first selection switch and the second selection switch are both connected with the normally open end of the second selection switch in a second state, so that the first connection end of the resonance circuit is connected with the inverter circuit when the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter works in the first state, the second connection end of the first selection switch is connected with the primary winding of the transformer, and the second connection end of the resonance circuit is connected with the inverter circuit in the second state, the first connection terminal is connected with a primary winding of the transformer.
The further technical scheme is as follows: the inverter circuit comprises two switching tubes, the two switching tubes are connected in series to form a bridge arm, two ends of the bridge arm are used as first external connection ends of the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter, and the first connection end/the second connection end are connected to the middle point and the lowest end of the bridge arm; and the resonant circuit also comprises a second capacitor which is connected between the common end of the first selection switch and the inverter circuit or between the second inductor and the inverter circuit.
The further technical scheme is as follows: the inverter circuit comprises two switching tubes, the two switching tubes are connected in series to form a bridge arm, two ends of the bridge arm are used as first external connection ends of the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter, and the first connection end/the second connection end are connected to the uppermost end and the middle point of the bridge arm; and the resonant circuit also comprises a second capacitor which is connected between the common end of the first selection switch and the inverter circuit or between the second inductor and the inverter circuit.
The further technical scheme is as follows: the inverter circuit comprises four switching tubes, every two switching tubes are connected in series to form a bridge arm, two ends of the two bridge arms are used as first external connection ends of the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter after the two bridge arms are connected in parallel, and the first connection end/the second connection end are connected to the middle points of the two bridge arms.
The further technical scheme is as follows: the inverter circuit comprises two capacitors and two switching tubes, the two capacitors and the two switching tubes are respectively connected in series to form a bridge arm, two ends of the two bridge arms are used as first external connection ends of the bidirectional converter after being connected in parallel, and the first connection end/the second connection end are connected to the middle points of the two bridge arms.
The further technical scheme is as follows: the rectification circuit comprises four switching tubes, every two switching tubes are connected in series to form a bridge arm, two ends of the two bridge arms are used as second external connection ends of the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter after the two bridge arms are connected in parallel, and the homonymous end and the heteronymous end of the secondary winding of the transformer are respectively connected to the midpoints of the two bridge arms.
The further technical scheme is as follows: the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter further comprises a first filter capacitor and a second filter capacitor, wherein two ends of the first filter capacitor are connected to the input side of the inverter circuit, and two ends of the second filter capacitor are connected to the output side of the rectifying circuit.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention further provides a high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter, which includes an inverter circuit, a resonant circuit, a selection circuit, a transformer, and a rectification circuit, wherein the resonant circuit includes a first inductor, a second inductor, and a first capacitor, two ends of the first capacitor are respectively connected to one end of the first inductor and one end of the second inductor, the other end of the first inductor and the other end of the second inductor are used as a first connection end of the resonant circuit, two ends of the second inductor are used as a second connection end of the resonant circuit, the selection circuit is connected to the resonant circuit, so that when the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter operates in a first state, the first connection end of the resonant circuit is connected to the inverter circuit, the second connection end of the transformer is connected to a primary winding of the transformer, and when the second state, the second connection end of the resonant circuit is connected to the inverter circuit, the first connection end of the transformer is connected to the primary winding of the transformer, the secondary winding of the transformer is connected with the input side of the rectification circuit, the output side of the rectification circuit and the input side of the inverter circuit are respectively used as a second external connection end and a first external connection end of the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter, when the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter is in the first state, electric power is transmitted from the first external connection end to the second external connection end, and when the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter is in the second state, electric power is transmitted from the second external connection end to the first external connection end.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention further provides a high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter, which includes an inverter circuit, a resonant circuit, a selection circuit, a transformer, and a rectification circuit, wherein the resonant circuit includes a first inductor, a second inductor, and a first capacitor, two ends of the second inductor are respectively connected to one end of the first capacitor and one end of the first inductor, the other end of the first capacitor and the other end of the first inductor are used as a first connection end of the resonant circuit, two ends of the second inductor are used as a second connection end of the resonant circuit, the selection circuit is connected to the resonant circuit, so that when the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter operates in a first state, the first connection end of the resonant circuit is connected to the inverter circuit, the second connection end of the transformer is connected to a primary winding of the transformer, and when the second state, the second connection end of the resonant circuit is connected to the inverter circuit, the first connection end of the transformer is connected to the primary winding of the transformer, the secondary winding of the transformer is connected with the input side of the rectification circuit, the output side of the rectification circuit and the input side of the inverter circuit are respectively used as a second external connection end and a first external connection end of the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter, when the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter is in the first state, electric power is transmitted from the first external connection end to the second external connection end, and when the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter is in the second state, electric power is transmitted from the second external connection end to the first external connection end.
Compared with the prior art, equivalent circuits of the resonant circuit in the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter are all multi-element resonant circuits when energy flows in the forward direction and the reverse direction, soft switching is realized during forward and reverse operation, loss is low, and the problem that reverse gain of a traditional LLC resonant circuit is low is solved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit schematic diagram of a first embodiment of the high efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a circuit schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the high efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a circuit schematic diagram of a third embodiment of the high efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a circuit schematic diagram of a fourth embodiment of the high efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a circuit schematic diagram of a fifth embodiment of the high efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood by those skilled in the art, the present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a first embodiment of a high efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter 10 of the present invention. In the embodiment shown in the drawings, the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter 10 includes an inverter circuit 11, a resonant circuit 12, a selection circuit, a transformer T1 and a rectifying circuit 14, wherein the resonant circuit 12 includes a first inductor L1, a second inductor L2 and a first capacitor C1, one end of the second inductor L2 is connected to one end of a first capacitor C1 and a first inductor L1, the other end of the second inductor L2 and the first capacitor C1 serves as a first connection end of the resonant circuit 12, the other end of the second inductor L2 and the other end of the first inductor L1 serve as a second connection end of the resonant circuit 12, the selection circuit is connected to the resonant circuit 12 such that the first connection end of the resonant circuit 12 is connected to the inverter circuit 11 when the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter 10 operates in a first state, the second connection end is connected to the primary winding of the transformer T1, the first connection end of the resonant circuit 12 is connected to the primary winding of the transformer T1 when the second state, the second connection end is connected to the inverter circuit 11, the secondary winding of the transformer T1 is connected to the input side of the rectifier circuit 14, the output side of the rectifier circuit 14 and the input side of the inverter circuit 11 are respectively used as the first external connection end and the second external connection end of the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter 10 to connect a load and a power supply, in the first state, power is transmitted from the first external connection end to the second external connection end, and in the second state, power is transmitted from the second external connection end to the first external connection end, that is, when energy flows in the forward direction, the working state of the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter 10 is the first state, and when energy flows in the reverse direction, the working state of the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter 10 is the second state. Preferably, the inductance of the first inductor L1 and the inductance of the second inductor L2 are the same.
In this embodiment, when energy flows in the forward direction, the first external connection terminal of the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter 10 serves as a DC input terminal and can be connected to an external power supply, and the second external connection terminal thereof serves as a DC output terminal and can be connected to an external load; when the energy flows in the reverse direction, the second external terminal of the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter 10 is used as the DC input terminal, and the first external terminal thereof is used as the DC output terminal. The equivalent circuits of the resonant circuit 12 in the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter 10 are all multi-element resonant circuits when energy flows in the forward and reverse directions, soft switching can be realized during forward and reverse working, loss is small, gain is the same, the problem that the reverse gain of the traditional LLC resonant circuit is small is solved, namely, the boost can be realized during reverse flow of energy, the output voltage range of the converter can be effectively improved, wide voltage range output is realized, and the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter is suitable for high-power circuits.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the selection circuit includes a first selection switch S1 and a second selection switch S2, the common terminal and the normally closed terminal of the first selection switch S1 are connected between the inverter circuit 11 and the resonant circuit 12, the common terminal and the normally closed terminal of the second selection switch S2 are connected between the transformer T1 and the resonant circuit 11, and the normally closed terminal and the normally open terminal of the second selection switch S2 are connected to the normally open terminal and the normally closed terminal of the first selection switch S1, respectively, the common terminal of the first selection switch S1 and the common terminal of the second selection switch S2 are both connected to the normally closed terminal thereof in the first state, the common terminal of the first selection switch S1 and the common terminal of the second selection switch S2 are both connected to the normally open terminal thereof in the second state, so that the first connection terminal of the inverter circuit 12 is connected to the inverter circuit 11, the primary winding of the second selection switch S1 is connected to the transformer T1 when the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter 10 operates in the first state, in the second state, the second connection end of the resonant circuit 12 is connected to the inverter circuit 11, and the first connection end is connected to the primary winding of the transformer T1, so that the resonant circuit 12 in the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter 10 is a three-element resonant circuit when energy flows in the forward and reverse directions, and the gains are the same.
In some embodiments, the inverter circuit 11 is a full-bridge structure, and includes four switching tubes, namely a first switching tube Q1, a second switching tube Q2, a third switching tube Q3 and a fourth switching tube Q4, each two switching tubes are connected in series to form a bridge arm, two bridge arms are connected in parallel, and then two ends of the two bridge arms are used as the first external connection end of the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter 10, specifically, when the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter 10 works in a first state, the middle point of a bridge arm formed by connecting the first switch tube Q1 and the second switch tube Q2 in series is connected with a first capacitor C1 through a selection circuit, the middle point of a bridge arm formed by connecting the third switching tube Q3 and the fourth switching tube Q4 in series is connected with a second inductor L2, in the second state, the midpoint of the arm formed by the first switching tube Q1 and the second switching tube Q2 connected in series and the midpoint of the arm formed by the third switching tube Q3 and the fourth switching tube Q4 connected in series are connected to the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2, respectively.
In the embodiment shown in the drawings, the rectification circuit 14 includes four switching tubes, namely a fifth switching tube Q5, a sixth switching tube Q6, a seventh switching tube Q7 and an eighth switching tube Q8, each two switching tubes are connected in series to form a bridge arm, and after the two bridge arms are connected in parallel, two ends of each bridge arm are used as a second external connection end of the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter 10, wherein a midpoint of the bridge arm formed by connecting the fifth switching tube Q5 and the sixth switching tube Q6 in series and a midpoint of the bridge arm formed by connecting the seventh switching tube Q7 and the eighth switching tube Q8 in series are respectively connected with a dotted end and a dotted end of the secondary winding of the transformer T1. Based on the design, when energy flows in the forward direction, the rectifying circuit 14 can rectify the voltage waveform periodically output by the transformer T1 to generate the working voltage required by the load. Preferably, the switch tube is MOS, IGBT or other controllable power switch tube to achieve better circuit performance, and in some embodiments, a diode may be connected in parallel to each switch tube, and if the switch tube is MOS, a diode is connected in parallel between the drain and the source, and if the switch tube is IGBT, a diode is connected in parallel between the emitter and the collector.
Further, the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter 10 further includes a first filter capacitor C3 and a second filter capacitor C4, wherein two ends of the first filter capacitor C3 are connected to the input side of the inverter circuit 11, and two ends of the second filter capacitor C4 are connected to the output side of the rectifier circuit 14.
In this embodiment, when energy is transmitted in the forward direction, the wide-range voltage output of the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter 10 is realized by controlling the switching frequencies of the first switching tube Q1, the second switching tube Q2, the third switching tube Q3 and the fourth switching tube Q4, and the two switching tubes on each bridge arm are complementarily turned on, so that the soft switching of the circuit can be realized; when energy is transmitted reversely, the equivalent circuit of the resonant circuit 12 is also a multi-element resonant circuit, so that the same wide-range voltage output as that during forward transmission can be realized by controlling the switching frequencies of the fifth switching tube Q5, the sixth switching tube Q6, the seventh switching tube Q7 and the eighth switching tube Q8, and the two switching tubes on each bridge arm are complementarily conducted, so that the soft switching of the circuit can be realized.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a second embodiment of the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter 10 according to the present invention, which is different from the first embodiment in that the specific structure of the inverter circuit 11 is different, and the rest of the circuit structures are the same or similar. In this embodiment, the inverter circuit 11 includes two capacitors and two switching tubes, the two capacitors and the two switching tubes are respectively connected in series to form a bridge arm, each two switching tubes are connected in series to form a bridge arm, and two ends of the two bridge arms are used as first external connection ends of the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter 10 after being connected in parallel, and specifically, the inverter circuit includes a first switching tube Q1, a second switching tube Q2, a fifth capacitor C5 and a sixth capacitor C6, where the first connection end/the second connection end is connected to a midpoint of the two bridge arms, that is, when the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter 10 operates in a first state, the first connection end, that is, the second inductor L2 is connected to a midpoint of the bridge arm formed by connecting the fifth capacitor C5 and the sixth capacitor C6 in series, and the first capacitor C1 is connected to a midpoint of the bridge arm formed by connecting the first switching tube Q1 and the second switching tube Q2 in series; in the second state, the second connecting end is connected to the middle point of the two bridge arms through the selection circuit. The resonant circuits 12 in the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter 10 of this embodiment have the same equivalent circuit when energy flows in the forward direction and the reverse direction, and are all three-element resonant circuits, so that the loss is small, the output voltage range of the converter 10 can be effectively increased, and wide voltage range output is realized.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a third embodiment of the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter 10 of the present invention, which is different from the first embodiment in that the specific structure of the resonant circuit 12 is different, and the rest of the circuit structures are the same or similar. In this embodiment, the resonant circuit 12 includes a first capacitor C1, a first inductor L1, and a second inductor L2, two ends of the first capacitor C1 are respectively connected to one end of the first inductor L1 and one end of the second inductor L2, the other ends of the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2 are used as a first connection end of the resonant circuit 12, and two ends of the second inductor L2 are used as a second connection end of the resonant circuit 12. Understandably, in some other embodiments, two capacitors can be used to replace two of the inverter circuits 11 to form a series connection, and the resonant circuits in the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter 10 of this embodiment have the same equivalent circuit when energy flows in the forward direction and the reverse direction, and are all three-element resonant circuits, so that the loss is small, the gain is the same, the output voltage range of the converter 10 can be effectively increased, and the wide voltage range output is realized.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of a fourth embodiment of the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter 10 of the present invention, which is different from the first embodiment in that the specific structures of the inverter circuit 11 and the resonant circuit 12 are different, and the rest of the circuit structures are the same or similar. In this embodiment, the resonant circuit 12 includes a first inductor L1, a second inductor L2, and a first capacitor C1, one end of the second inductor L2 is connected to one ends of a first capacitor C1 and a first inductor L1, the other ends of the second inductor L2 and the first capacitor C1 are used as a first connection end of the resonant circuit 12, the other end of the second inductor L2 and the other end of the first inductor L1 are used as a second connection end of the resonant circuit 12, the inverter circuit 11 is a half-bridge inverter circuit, and includes two switching tubes, namely a first switching tube Q1 and a second switching tube Q2, the first switching tube Q1 and the second switching tube Q2 are connected in series to form a bridge arm, the two ends of the bridge arm are used as a first end of the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter 10, and the first connection end/second connection end are connected to the uppermost end and the midpoint of the bridge arm, that is selected by the selection circuit when the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter 10 operates in the first state, and in the second state, the two ends of the first inductor L1 and the second inductor L2 are respectively connected with the uppermost end and the midpoint of the bridge arm through the selection circuit. Understandably, in certain other embodiments, the first/second connection ends can also be connected to the middle point and the lowest end of the bridge arm, and wide voltage range output can also be realized. Preferably, in this embodiment, the resonant circuit 12 further includes a second capacitor C2, the second capacitor C2 is connected between the common terminal of the first selection switch S1 and the inverter circuit 11, and in some other embodiments, the second capacitor C2 may be connected between the second inductor L2 and the inverter circuit 11. It can be seen that the present embodiment can also effectively increase the output voltage range of the converter 10, and achieve a wide voltage range output.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of a fifth embodiment of the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter 10 of the present invention, which is different from the fourth embodiment in the specific structure of the resonant circuit 12 and the connection manner with the inverter circuit 11, and the rest of the circuit structures are the same or similar. In this embodiment, the resonant circuit 12 includes a first inductor L1, a second inductor L2, and a first capacitor C1, two ends of the second inductor L2 are respectively connected to one end of a first capacitor C1 and one end of a first inductor L1, the other end of the first capacitor C1 and the other end of the first inductor L1 are used as a first connection end of the resonant circuit 12, two ends of the second inductor L2 are used as a second connection end of the resonant circuit 12, the first connection end/the second connection end are connected to a midpoint and a lowest end of a bridge arm, that is, when the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter 10 operates in a first state, the first capacitor C1 and the first inductor L1 are respectively connected to the midpoint and the lowest end of the bridge arm, and when the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter operates in a second state, the two ends of the second inductor L2 are respectively connected to the midpoint and the lowest end of the bridge arm. Preferably, in this embodiment, the resonant circuit 12 further includes a second capacitor C2, the second capacitor C2 is connected between the common terminal of the first selection switch S1 and the inverter circuit 11, and in some other embodiments, the second capacitor C2 may be connected between the first inductor L1 and the inverter circuit 11.
In summary, equivalent circuits of the resonant circuits in the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter are all multi-element resonant circuits when energy flows in the forward and reverse directions, soft switching is realized during forward and reverse operation, loss is small, gain is the same, and the problem that reverse gain of a traditional LLC resonant circuit is small is solved.
The foregoing is considered as illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way. Various equivalent changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art based on the above embodiments, and all equivalent changes and modifications within the scope of the claims should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A high efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter, characterized by: the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter comprises an inverter circuit, a resonant circuit, a selection circuit, a transformer and a rectification circuit, wherein the resonant circuit comprises a first inductor, a second inductor and a first capacitor, one end of the second inductor is connected with one end of the first capacitor and one end of the first inductor, the other end of the second inductor and the other end of the first capacitor are used as a first connection end of the resonant circuit, the other end of the second inductor and the other end of the first inductor are used as a second connection end of the resonant circuit, the selection circuit is connected with the resonant circuit so that the first connection end of the resonant circuit is connected with the inverter circuit when the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter works in a first state, the second connection end is connected with a primary winding of the transformer, the second connection end of the resonant circuit is connected with the inverter circuit when the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter works in a second state, and the first connection end is connected with the primary winding of the transformer, the secondary winding of the transformer is connected with the input side of the rectification circuit, the output side of the rectification circuit and the input side of the inverter circuit are respectively used as a second external connection end and a first external connection end of the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter, when the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter is in the first state, electric power is transmitted from the first external connection end to the second external connection end, and when the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter is in the second state, electric power is transmitted from the second external connection end to the first external connection end.
2. A high efficiency bi-directional DC-DC converter as recited in claim 1, wherein: the selection circuit comprises a first selection switch and a second selection switch, wherein the common end and the normally closed end of the first selection switch are connected between the inverter circuit and the resonance circuit, the common end and the normally closed end of the second selection switch are connected between the transformer and the resonance circuit, the normally closed end and the normally open end of the second selection switch are respectively connected with the normally open end and the normally closed end of the first selection switch, the common ends of the first selection switch and the second selection switch are both connected with the normally closed end of the first selection switch in a first state, the common ends of the first selection switch and the second selection switch are both connected with the normally open end of the second selection switch in a second state, so that the first connection end of the resonance circuit is connected with the inverter circuit when the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter works in the first state, the second connection end of the first selection switch is connected with the primary winding of the transformer, and the second connection end of the resonance circuit is connected with the inverter circuit in the second state, the first connection terminal is connected with a primary winding of the transformer.
3. A high efficiency bi-directional DC-DC converter as recited in claim 2, wherein: the inverter circuit comprises two switching tubes, the two switching tubes are connected in series to form a bridge arm, two ends of the bridge arm are used as first external connection ends of the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter, and the first connection end/the second connection end are connected to the middle point and the lowest end of the bridge arm; and the resonant circuit also comprises a second capacitor which is connected between the common end of the first selection switch and the inverter circuit or between the second inductor and the inverter circuit.
4. A high efficiency bi-directional DC-DC converter as recited in claim 2, wherein: the inverter circuit comprises two switching tubes, the two switching tubes are connected in series to form a bridge arm, two ends of the bridge arm are used as first external connection ends of the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter, and the first connection end/the second connection end are connected to the uppermost end and the middle point of the bridge arm; and the resonant circuit also comprises a second capacitor which is connected between the common end of the first selection switch and the inverter circuit or between the second inductor and the inverter circuit.
5. A high efficiency bi-directional DC-DC converter as recited in claim 1, wherein: the inverter circuit comprises four switching tubes, every two switching tubes are connected in series to form a bridge arm, two ends of the two bridge arms are used as first external connection ends of the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter after the two bridge arms are connected in parallel, and the first connection end/the second connection end are connected to the middle points of the two bridge arms.
6. A high efficiency bi-directional DC-DC converter as recited in claim 1, wherein: the inverter circuit comprises two capacitors and two switching tubes, the two capacitors and the two switching tubes are respectively connected in series to form a bridge arm, two ends of the two bridge arms are used as first external connection ends of the bidirectional converter after being connected in parallel, and the first connection end/the second connection end are connected to the middle points of the two bridge arms.
7. A high efficiency bi-directional DC-DC converter as recited in claim 1, wherein: the rectification circuit comprises four switching tubes, every two switching tubes are connected in series to form a bridge arm, two ends of the two bridge arms are used as second external connection ends of the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter after the two bridge arms are connected in parallel, and the homonymous end and the heteronymous end of the secondary winding of the transformer are respectively connected to the midpoints of the two bridge arms.
8. A high efficiency bi-directional DC-DC converter as recited in claim 1, wherein: the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter further comprises a first filter capacitor and a second filter capacitor, wherein two ends of the first filter capacitor are connected to the input side of the inverter circuit, and two ends of the second filter capacitor are connected to the output side of the rectifying circuit.
9. A high efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter, characterized by: the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter comprises an inverter circuit, a resonant circuit, a selection circuit, a transformer and a rectification circuit, wherein the resonant circuit comprises a first inductor, a second inductor and a first capacitor, two ends of the first capacitor are respectively connected with one end of the first inductor and one end of the second inductor, the other end of the first inductor and the other end of the second inductor are used as a first connecting end of the resonant circuit, two ends of the second inductor are used as a second connecting end of the resonant circuit, the selection circuit is connected with the resonant circuit so that the first connecting end of the resonant circuit is connected with the inverter circuit when the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter works in a first state, the second connecting end of the resonant circuit is connected with a primary winding of the transformer, the second connecting end of the resonant circuit is connected with the inverter circuit in a second state, the first connecting end of the resonant circuit is connected with the primary winding of the transformer, and a secondary winding of the transformer is connected with the input side of the rectification circuit, the output side of the rectification circuit and the input side of the inverter circuit are respectively used as a second external connection end and a first external connection end of the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter, when in the first state, the electric power is transmitted from the first external connection end to the second external connection end, and when in the second state, the electric power is transmitted from the second external connection end to the first external connection end.
10. A high efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter, characterized by: the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter comprises an inverter circuit, a resonant circuit, a selection circuit, a transformer and a rectification circuit, wherein the resonant circuit comprises a first inductor, a second inductor and a first capacitor, two ends of the second inductor are respectively connected with one end of the first capacitor and one end of the first inductor, the other end of the first capacitor and the other end of the first inductor are used as a first connecting end of the resonant circuit, two ends of the second inductor are used as a second connecting end of the resonant circuit, the selection circuit is connected with the resonant circuit so that the first connecting end of the resonant circuit is connected with the inverter circuit when the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter works in a first state, the second connecting end of the resonant circuit is connected with a primary winding of the transformer, the second connecting end of the resonant circuit is connected with the inverter circuit in a second state, the first connecting end of the resonant circuit is connected with the primary winding of the transformer, and a secondary winding of the transformer is connected with the input side of the rectification circuit, the output side of the rectification circuit and the input side of the inverter circuit are respectively used as a second external connection end and a first external connection end of the high-efficiency bidirectional DC-DC converter, when in the first state, the electric power is transmitted from the first external connection end to the second external connection end, and when in the second state, the electric power is transmitted from the second external connection end to the first external connection end.
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