CN114069998A - Asynchronous motor and speed regulation method thereof - Google Patents
Asynchronous motor and speed regulation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114069998A CN114069998A CN202111391513.6A CN202111391513A CN114069998A CN 114069998 A CN114069998 A CN 114069998A CN 202111391513 A CN202111391513 A CN 202111391513A CN 114069998 A CN114069998 A CN 114069998A
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
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- 241000555745 Sciuridae Species 0.000 claims description 7
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K16/00—Machines with more than one rotor or stator
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/18—Means for mounting or fastening magnetic stationary parts on to, or to, the stator structures
- H02K1/185—Means for mounting or fastening magnetic stationary parts on to, or to, the stator structures to outer stators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/28—Means for mounting or fastening rotating magnetic parts on to, or to, the rotor structures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/08—Structural association with bearings
- H02K7/083—Structural association with bearings radially supporting the rotary shaft at both ends of the rotor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
- H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
- H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information
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Abstract
The embodiment of the application provides an asynchronous motor and an asynchronous motor speed regulation method, wherein the asynchronous motor comprises a shell, a first end cover, a second end cover, a connecting conductor, a rotating shaft, a first bearing, a second bearing, a first asynchronous motor unit and a second asynchronous motor unit, wherein the first asynchronous motor unit and the second asynchronous motor unit have the same pole number; the first asynchronous motor unit comprises a first stator and a first rotor, the second asynchronous motor unit comprises a second stator and a second rotor, the first stator and the second stator are arranged on the inner surface of the shell, the first rotor and the second rotor are connected through a connecting conducting bar, the first stator and the second stator are coaxially arranged on the rotating shaft at intervals, the rotating shaft is arranged on the inner sides of the first end cover and the second end cover through a first bearing and a second bearing, so that the first rotor on the rotating shaft is aligned with the first stator, and the second rotor is aligned with the second stator. The asynchronous motor avoids magnetic field distortion because the first stator and the second stator are not overlapped and coupled with each other in magnetic fields, thereby being beneficial to the speed regulation operation of the equipment to be regulated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of motors, in particular to an asynchronous motor and a speed regulating method of the asynchronous motor.
Background
At present, the speed of an asynchronous motor can be regulated through a frequency converter, but the capacity of the frequency converter needs to be larger than or equal to the rated power of the motor, so the cost of the reversible frequency converter is high. In some occasions, the speed regulation range of the equipment to be regulated is narrow, so that the capacity of the frequency converter can be reduced by adopting a double-fed wound asynchronous motor for speed regulation, namely the motor can be operated in a narrow range near the rated rotating speed by regulating the slip power of a rotor, the capacity of the adopted frequency converter is usually less than half of the rated power of the motor, the cost of the frequency converter is reduced, and the total cost of a driving system is reduced. At present, a brushless stator dual-feed motor is also adopted, wherein a stator of the brushless stator dual-feed motor is provided with two sets of windings, one set of the windings is a power winding and is directly connected to a power grid; the other set is a control winding, a frequency converter with power less than rated power supplies power or feeds power to a power grid in a reverse direction, and the motor rotor is of a squirrel-cage structure, so that a slip ring and an electric brush are not needed, and the reliability is improved; however, the magnetic fields generated by the two sets of windings of the stator are mutually superposed and coupled, so that higher harmonics are generated after the magnetic fields are distorted, the loss of the motor is large, and the motor is not beneficial to the speed regulation operation of equipment to be regulated.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides an asynchronous motor and a speed regulating method thereof, which can alleviate the above technical problems.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an asynchronous motor, where the asynchronous motor includes: the motor comprises a shell, a first end cover, a second end cover, a connecting conductor, a rotating shaft, a first bearing, a second bearing, a first asynchronous motor unit and a second asynchronous motor unit, wherein the first asynchronous motor unit and the second asynchronous motor unit have the same number of poles; the first asynchronous motor unit comprises a first stator and a first rotor, the second asynchronous motor unit comprises a second stator and a second rotor, the first stator and the second stator are arranged on the inner surface of the shell, the first rotor and the second rotor are connected through a connecting conductor, the first stator and the second rotor are coaxially arranged on the rotating shaft at intervals, the rotating shaft is arranged on the inner sides of the first end cover and the second end cover through a first bearing and a second bearing, so that the first rotor on the rotating shaft is aligned with the first stator, and the second rotor is aligned with the second stator.
The above-mentioned asynchronous machine further comprises: and the guard ring is arranged on the outer side of the connecting conductor and is a non-magnetic material.
The first stator and the second stator adopt the same outer diameter; the first stator comprises a first stator iron core and a first stator winding, and the second stator comprises a second stator iron core and a second stator winding; the first stator winding and the second stator winding are both multi-phase armature windings, the phase sequence of the first stator winding and the phase sequence of the second stator winding are the same, and the phase number of the first stator winding and the phase sequence of the second stator winding are the same; the ratio k of the stack length of the first stator core to the stack length of the second stator core satisfies the condition: k is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 5; the ratio of the number of turns of the second stator winding to the number of turns of the first stator winding is equal to the ratio k.
The above-mentioned asynchronous machine further comprises: the cooling device is arranged at the non-shaft-extension end of the asynchronous motor; the cooling device comprises a fan coaxially and fixedly connected with the rotating shaft and a fan cover fixedly connected with the shell, or an independent fan fixedly connected with the shell.
The first rotor and the second rotor are squirrel cage rotors; the first rotor comprises a first rotor iron core, a conducting bar in a first rotor groove and a first rotor end ring; the second rotor comprises a second rotor iron core, a conducting bar in a second rotor groove and a second rotor end ring; the sections of the stamped sheets of the first rotor core and the stamped sheets of the second rotor core are the same and are superposed, and the connecting conductor is connected with the conducting bars in the first rotor slot and the conducting bars in the second rotor slot; wherein the connected bars in the first rotor slots and the bars in the second rotor slots are axially aligned.
The first rotor and the second rotor are wound rotors; the first rotor and the second rotor are independently wound with multi-phase windings, and the phase numbers of the multi-phase windings are the same; the sections of the punching sheet of the first rotor core and the punching sheet of the second rotor core are the same and are superposed; the wire outlet end of the multi-phase winding on the first rotor is connected with the wire outlet end on the second rotor through a connecting conductor, and after connection, the rotating directions of magnetic fields generated on the first rotor and the second rotor by series current are the same; the wire diameters of the windings on the first rotor and the second rotor are the same, and the number of turns of the windings is the same.
The first rotor and the second rotor are wound rotors; the first rotor and the second rotor are independently wound with multi-phase windings, and the phase numbers of the multi-phase windings are the same; the sections of the punching sheet of the first rotor core and the punching sheet of the second rotor core are the same and are superposed; the wire outlet end of the multi-phase winding on the first rotor is connected with the wire outlet end on the second rotor through a connecting conductor in a phase mode, and after connection, the rotating directions of magnetic fields generated on the first rotor and the second rotor by series current are opposite; the wire diameters of the windings on the first rotor and the second rotor are the same, and the number of turns of the windings is the same.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an asynchronous motor speed regulation method, where the method is applied to a controller connected to the asynchronous motor, where the asynchronous motor includes: the motor comprises a shell, a first end cover, a second end cover, a connecting conductor, a rotating shaft, a first bearing, a second bearing, a first asynchronous motor unit and a second asynchronous motor unit, wherein the first asynchronous motor unit and the second asynchronous motor unit have the same number of poles; the method comprises the following steps: if the first rotor of the first asynchronous motor unit and the second rotor of the second asynchronous motor unit are squirrel cage rotors, or the first rotor of the first asynchronous motor unit and the second rotor of the second asynchronous motor unit are wound rotors and the rotating directions of the magnetic fields of the rotors are the same, and when a starting signal sent by a device to be speed-regulated is received, a first switch or a first soft starter between the first asynchronous motor unit and a power grid is closed, so that the first asynchronous motor unit is connected to the power grid to operate; monitoring whether a starting signal carries a speed regulation instruction or not; if so, closing a second switch and a third switch between the power grid and the second asynchronous motor unit to connect the first inverter and the second asynchronous motor unit, and adjusting the voltage and the phase of the first inverter based on the speed regulation instruction to realize the rotation speed regulation of the equipment to be regulated; if not, closing a fourth switch between the second asynchronous motor unit and the power grid so as to enable the second asynchronous motor unit to be connected into the power grid for operation; if the first invertible frequency converter is monitored to have a fault or the speed of the equipment to be regulated does not need to be regulated, the second switch and the third switch are disconnected firstly to cut off the connection between the first invertible frequency converter and the second asynchronous motor unit, and then the fourth switch is closed to connect the second asynchronous motor unit to the power grid.
The method further comprises the following steps: if the first rotor of the first asynchronous motor unit and the second rotor of the second asynchronous motor unit are wound rotors and the rotating directions of the magnetic fields of the rotors are opposite, when a starting signal is received, a fifth switch or a second soft starter between the first asynchronous motor unit and a power grid is closed so that the first asynchronous motor unit is connected to the power grid to operate; if the starting signal is monitored to carry a speed regulating instruction, a sixth switch between the variable resistor and the second asynchronous motor unit is closed, and the resistance value of the variable resistor is regulated based on the speed regulating instruction so as to realize the rotation speed regulation of the equipment to be speed regulated; and if the fact that the speed of the equipment to be regulated does not need to be regulated or the variable resistor fails is monitored, the sixth switch is disconnected so as to cut off the connection between the variable resistor and the second asynchronous motor unit.
The method further comprises the following steps: when the starting signal is received, a seventh switch between the first asynchronous motor unit and the power grid is closed, so that the first asynchronous motor unit is connected to the power grid to operate; if the starting signal is monitored to carry a speed regulating instruction, closing an eighth switch and a ninth switch between a second inverter and a second asynchronous motor unit, and regulating the frequency, the voltage and the phase of the second inverter based on the speed regulating instruction so as to realize the rotation speed regulation of the equipment to be speed regulated; and if the situation that the speed of the equipment to be regulated does not need to be regulated or the second reversible frequency converter fails is monitored, the eighth switch and the ninth switch are disconnected so as to cut off the connection between the second reversible frequency converter and the second asynchronous motor unit.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the embodiment of the application provides an asynchronous motor and an asynchronous motor speed regulation method, wherein the asynchronous motor comprises a shell, a first end cover, a second end cover, a connecting conductor, a rotating shaft, a first bearing, a second bearing, a first asynchronous motor unit and a second asynchronous motor unit, wherein the first asynchronous motor unit and the second asynchronous motor unit have the same pole number; the first asynchronous motor unit comprises a first stator and a first rotor, the second asynchronous motor unit comprises a second stator and a second rotor, the first stator and the second stator are arranged on the inner surface of the shell, the first rotor and the second rotor are connected through a connecting conductor, the first stator and the second rotor are coaxially arranged on the rotating shaft at intervals, the rotating shaft is arranged on the inner sides of the first end cover and the second end cover through a first bearing and a second bearing, so that the first rotor on the rotating shaft is aligned with the first stator, and the second rotor is aligned with the second stator. When the second asynchronous motor unit of the asynchronous motor is connected with the frequency converter for speed regulation, the second asynchronous motor unit is shorter in overlapping length and smaller in capacity, so that the capacity of the frequency converter for power supply is smaller, the cost of the frequency converter is reduced, the frequency converter is saved, and the overall cost of the speed regulation system is further reduced; and because the first stator and the second stator do not have mutual magnetic field superposition and coupling, the magnetic field distortion is avoided, higher harmonics are reduced, and the loss is reduced, thereby being beneficial to the speed regulation operation of the equipment to be speed regulated.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.
In order to make the aforementioned and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of an asynchronous motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of another asynchronous motor provided in the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a first asynchronous motor unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a second asynchronous motor unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of an asynchronous motor speed regulation method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a speed regulation circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a voltage and phase diagram of a first inverter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a flowchart of another asynchronous motor speed regulation method provided in the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of another speed regulating circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a flowchart of another asynchronous motor speed regulation method provided in the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of another speed regulating circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Icon:
1.1-a housing; 1.2-first end cap; 1.3-a second end cap; 1.4-a first stator; 1.5-a first rotor; 1.6-a second stator; 1.7-a second rotor; 2.1-a first stator core; 2.2-first stator winding; 2.3-first stator slot; 2.4-a first rotor core; 2.5-first rotor slot; 2.6-first rotor end ring; 3.1-a second stator core; 3.2-a second stator winding; 3.3-second stator slot; 3.4-a second rotor core; 3.5. -a second rotor slot; 3.6-second rotor end ring; 4.1-connecting conductors; 4.2-protecting ring; 5.1-fan; 5.2-wind cover; 6-a rotating shaft; 7.1 — a first bearing; 7.2-second bearing; 8-a controller; 9-a first invertible frequency converter; 10-a variable resistor; 11-a second invertible frequency converter.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
At present, due to the fact that magnetic fields generated by two sets of windings of a stator in an asynchronous motor are mutually superposed and coupled, high harmonics are generated after the magnetic fields are distorted, so that the loss of the motor is large, and the speed regulation operation of equipment to be speed regulated is not facilitated.
The embodiment provides an asynchronous motor, and referring to a schematic cross-sectional structural view of an asynchronous motor shown in fig. 1, the asynchronous motor includes: the motor comprises a shell 1.1, a first end cover 1.2, a second end cover 1.3, a connecting conductor 4.1, a rotating shaft 6, a first bearing 7.1, a second bearing 7.2, a first asynchronous motor unit and a second asynchronous motor unit, wherein the first asynchronous motor unit and the second asynchronous motor unit have the same pole number; wherein, the first asynchronous motor unit includes first stator 1.4 and first rotor 1.5, and the second asynchronous motor unit includes second stator 1.6 and second rotor 1.7, and first stator 1.4 and second stator 1.6 set up on the internal surface of casing 1.1, and first rotor 1.5 and second rotor 1.7 are connected through connecting conductor 4.1, and, set up on the pivot 6 coaxially with each other at intervals, install pivot 6 inside first end cover 1.2 and second end cover 1.3 through first bearing 7.1 and second bearing 7.2 to make first rotor 1.5 on the pivot 6 align with first stator 1.4, second rotor 1.7 aligns with second stator 1.6.
As can be seen from fig. 1, the first asynchronous motor unit and the second asynchronous motor unit are separated by a certain axial gap, so that the first stator and the second stator are ensured not to have mutual magnetic field superposition and coupling, magnetic field distortion is avoided, higher harmonics are reduced, loss is reduced, and speed regulation operation of equipment to be speed regulated is facilitated.
On the basis of fig. 1, fig. 2 shows a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of another asynchronous machine, as shown in fig. 2, the asynchronous machine further includes: and the protective ring 4.2 is arranged on the outer side of the connecting conductor 4.1, and the protective ring 4.2 is made of non-magnetic materials. The purpose of mounting the grommet 4.2 on the outside of the connecting conductor 4.1 is to protect the connecting conductor 4.1 from being pulled apart or deformed by centrifugal forces.
In order to make the asynchronous motor radiate heat well when in operation, the asynchronous motor further comprises: the cooling device is arranged at the non-shaft-extension end of the asynchronous motor; as shown in fig. 2, the cooling device includes a combination of a fan 5.1 coaxially and fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 6 and a fan housing 5.2 fixedly connected to the casing 1.1. When the asynchronous motor runs, the heat energy generated by the running of the motor can be effectively reduced through the rotation of the fan 5.1. The shaft extension end refers to the end of the motor, which is connected with the load along the axial rotating shaft.
In practical use, the cooling device may be an independent fan fixedly connected to the motor casing, besides the combination device of the fan and the fan housing, or the cooling device may be a water-circulating cooling device, where the cooling device is not limited.
As shown in fig. 2, the first stator 1.4 and the second stator 1.6 have the same outer diameter; the first stator 1.4 comprises a first stator core 2.1 and a first stator winding 2.2, and the second stator 1.6 comprises a second stator core 3.1 and a second stator winding 3.2; the first stator winding 2.2 and the second stator winding 3.2 are both multi-phase armature windings, the phase sequence of the first stator winding and the phase sequence of the second stator winding are the same, the phase number of the first stator winding and the phase number of the second stator winding are the same, and the phase numbers of the first stator winding and the second stator winding can be both m; the ratio k of the stack length of the first stator core to the stack length of the second stator core satisfies the condition: k is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 5; the ratio of the number of turns of the second stator winding to the number of turns of the first stator winding is equal to the ratio k.
When the first and second rotors are squirrel cage rotors, as shown in fig. 2, the first rotor 1.5 includes a first rotor core 2.4, bars (not shown in fig. 2) in first rotor slots (not shown in fig. 2), and a first rotor end ring 2.6; the second rotor 1.7 comprises a second rotor core 3.4, bars (not shown in fig. 2) in second rotor slots (not shown in fig. 2) and a second rotor end ring 3.6; the sections of the stamped steel of the first rotor core and the stamped steel of the second rotor core are the same and are superposed, and the connecting conductor 4.1 is connected with the conducting bar in the first rotor slot and the conducting bar in the second rotor slot; wherein the connected bars in the first rotor slots and the bars in the second rotor slots are axially aligned.
In the present embodiment, since the rotor is a squirrel cage rotor, the connecting conductors connecting the first rotor and the second rotor are connecting bars.
For ease of understanding, fig. 3 shows a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a first asynchronous machine unit, in which, as shown in fig. 3, a first stator slot 2.3 and a first rotor slot 2.5 are respectively present in a first stator core 2.1 and a first rotor core 2.4.
Fig. 4 shows a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a second asynchronous machine unit, in which, as shown in fig. 4, second stator slots 3.3 and second rotor slots 3.5 are present in the second stator core 3.1 and the second rotor core 3.4, respectively.
The first rotor and the second rotor can also be wound rotors; the first rotor and the second rotor are independently wound with multi-phase windings, and the phase numbers of the multi-phase windings are the same; the sections of the punching sheet of the first rotor core and the punching sheet of the second rotor core are the same and are superposed; the wire outlet end of the multi-phase winding on the first rotor is connected with the wire outlet end on the second rotor through a connecting conductor, and after connection, the rotating directions of magnetic fields generated on the first rotor and the second rotor by series current are the same; or the wire outlet end of the multi-phase winding on the first rotor is connected with the wire outlet end on the second rotor through a connecting conductor, and after connection, the rotating directions of magnetic fields generated on the first rotor and the second rotor by the series current are opposite; the wire diameters of the windings on the first rotor and the second rotor are the same, and the number of turns of the windings is the same.
In the present embodiment, the rotor is a wound rotor, and therefore, the connection conductor connecting the first rotor and the second rotor is a connection wire. The type of the connecting conductor is determined according to the type of the rotor, and is not limited herein.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a speed regulating method of the asynchronous motor, wherein the method is applied to a controller connected with the asynchronous motor, and the asynchronous motor comprises the following steps: the motor comprises a shell, a first end cover, a second end cover, a connecting conductor, a rotating shaft, a first bearing, a second bearing, a first asynchronous motor unit and a second asynchronous motor unit, wherein the first asynchronous motor unit and the second asynchronous motor unit have the same number of poles; when the first rotor of the first asynchronous motor unit and the second rotor of the second asynchronous motor unit are squirrel cage rotors, or the first rotor of the first asynchronous motor unit and the second rotor of the second asynchronous motor unit are wound rotors and the rotation directions of the rotor magnetic fields are the same, referring to a flowchart of a speed regulating method of an asynchronous motor shown in fig. 5, the method specifically includes the following steps:
step S502, when a starting signal sent by the equipment to be speed-regulated is received, a first switch or a first soft starter between a first asynchronous motor unit and a power grid is closed, so that the first asynchronous motor unit is connected to the power grid to operate;
for ease of understanding, fig. 6 shows a schematic configuration of a speed regulation circuit, as shown in fig. 6, three-phase windings of the first asynchronous motor unit are U1, V1 and W1, and three-phase windings of the second asynchronous motor unit are U2, V2 and W2, wherein the first asynchronous motor unit can be connected to three-phase lines of a power grid through a first switch K1, and the controller 8 can be in control connection with the first switch K1, and the control connection is represented by a dotted line in fig. 6. Only the first switch K1 is shown in fig. 6 to control the connection of the first asynchronous motor unit to the electricity network, and in actual use the first switch K1 may be replaced by a first soft starter to achieve the connection of the first asynchronous motor unit to the electricity network.
Step S504, whether a speed regulation instruction is carried in the starting signal is monitored;
the speed regulation is determined by the equipment to be regulated, for example, the fan in the house can give a speed regulation instruction through the gear, and the water pump can give a speed regulation instruction according to the water consumption of the user in stages, which is not described herein.
In practical application, if the controller monitors that the start signal carries the speed regulation instruction, the step S506 is executed, and if the controller does not monitor that the start signal carries the speed regulation instruction, the step S508 is executed.
Step S506, a second switch and a third switch between the power grid and the second asynchronous motor unit are closed, so that the first inverter is connected with the second asynchronous motor unit, and the voltage and the phase of the first inverter are adjusted based on the speed regulation instruction, so that the rotation speed of the equipment to be regulated is adjusted;
as shown in fig. 6, the controller 8 is in control connection with the second switch K2, the third switch K3 and the first inverter 9, which control connection is indicated by a dashed line in fig. 6.
One speed regulation method comprises the following steps: when the speed is regulated to the highest rotating speed, the amplitude of the initial voltage of the first inverter is the amplitude of the power grid voltage, and the phase is the same as the power grid voltage; if the rotating speed needs to be reduced, the phase difference between the output voltage of the first inverter and the voltage of the power grid can be increased, and the phase difference can range from 0 degree to 180 degrees.
The other speed regulation method comprises the following steps: when the speed is regulated to the highest rotating speed, the amplitude of the initial voltage of the first inverter is the amplitude of the power grid voltage, and the phase is the same as the power grid voltage; if the rotating speed needs to be reduced, the amplitude of the output voltage of the first inverter can be changed, the phase difference between the output voltage of the first inverter and the power grid voltage is kept to be zero, and the amplitude change range of the output voltage of the first inverter is from the power grid voltage amplitude to 0; and then, the rotating speed is continuously reduced, the phase difference is changed into 180 degrees, and the amplitude change range of the output voltage of the first inverter is from 0 to the amplitude of the power grid voltage.
The equipment to be speed-regulated can be constant-torque or fan (pump) equipment to be speed-regulated, and the speed-regulating effect of the fan (pump) equipment to be speed-regulated is obvious. This speed regulation mode is similar to the voltage regulation and speed regulation of the stator of an asynchronous motor. The controller adjusts the phase and amplitude of the output voltage of the first inverter, so that the speed is adjusted in an open loop mode; the rotating speed can be closed-loop regulated after being detected.
For ease of understanding, fig. 7 shows a voltage and phase diagram of a first inverter, and as shown in fig. 7, E2 is an initial voltage of the first inverter, E1 is a magnitude of a grid voltage, and a dotted line is an endpoint trace; as shown in (a) of fig. 7, if the rotation speed needs to be reduced, the amplitude of the voltage E2 of the first inverter can be made equal to the amplitude of the grid voltage E1, and the phase of the voltage E2 is changed, so that the amplitude of the difference Ex of the converted vectors-E2/k/s 1/s2 of the output voltages of the grid and the first inverter is reduced, where s1 and s2 are slip ratios of the first asynchronous motor unit and the second asynchronous motor unit, respectively. The amplitude of the output voltage E2 of the first inverter in the speed regulation mode is high, the Pulse Width of a PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) wave is wide, the harmonic wave is less, and the harmonic pollution to a power grid is less.
Another method is as shown in (b) of fig. 7, if the rotation speed needs to be reduced, the amplitude of the output voltage of the first inverter can be changed, the phase difference between the output voltage of the first inverter and the grid voltage is kept to be zero, and the amplitude of the output voltage of the first inverter ranges from the grid voltage amplitude to 0; and then, the rotating speed is continuously reduced, the phase difference is changed into 180 degrees, and the amplitude change range of the output voltage of the first inverter is from 0 to the amplitude of the power grid voltage.
Step S508, a fourth switch between the second asynchronous motor unit and the power grid is closed, so that the second asynchronous motor unit is connected to the power grid to operate;
as shown in fig. 6, the controller 8 is in control connection with a fourth switch K4, which control connection is indicated by a dashed line in fig. 6. When the speed of the device to be regulated does not need to be regulated, the controller 8 can directly connect the second asynchronous motor unit to the power grid by closing the fourth switch K4.
In practical use, if the first invertible frequency converter is detected to have a fault or the speed of the equipment to be regulated does not need to be regulated during the connection process of the first invertible frequency converter and the second asynchronous motor unit, the second switch and the third switch are disconnected firstly to cut off the connection between the first invertible frequency converter and the second asynchronous motor unit, and then the fourth switch is closed to connect the second asynchronous motor unit to the power grid.
Step S510, if it is monitored that the first inverter fails or the speed-adjusting device does not need to adjust the speed, the second switch and the third switch are turned off to disconnect the first inverter from the second asynchronous motor unit, and then the fourth switch is turned on to connect the second asynchronous motor unit to the power grid.
According to the asynchronous motor speed regulation method provided by the embodiment, the capacity of the first inverter is not more than half of the maximum power of the equipment to be speed regulated, a higher speed regulation range is kept, the purchase cost of the inverter is reduced, and when the first inverter fails, the inverter can be connected to the grid and run at a constant speed, so that the reliability of the system is improved; when the speed is not required to be adjusted, the first inverter can be cut off, power is supplied by power frequency of a power grid, and the efficiency of the system is improved.
When the first rotor of the first asynchronous motor unit and the second rotor of the second asynchronous motor unit are wound rotors and the rotation directions of rotor magnetic fields are opposite, a flow chart of another asynchronous motor speed regulation method shown in fig. 8 specifically includes the following steps:
step S802, when a starting signal is received, a fifth switch or a second soft starter between the first asynchronous motor unit and the power grid is closed, so that the first asynchronous motor unit is connected to the power grid to operate;
for ease of understanding, fig. 9 shows a schematic structure of another speed regulation circuit, as shown in fig. 9, the three-phase windings of the first asynchronous motor unit are U1, V1 and W1, and the three-phase windings of the second asynchronous motor unit are U2, V2 and W2, wherein the first asynchronous motor unit can be connected to the three-phase line of the power grid through a fifth switch K5, and the controller 8 can be in control connection with the fifth switch K5, and the control connection is represented by a dotted line in fig. 9. Only the fifth switch K5 is shown in fig. 9 to control the connection of the first asynchronous motor unit to the grid, and in actual use the fifth switch K5 may be replaced by a second soft starter to achieve the connection of the first asynchronous motor unit to the grid.
Step S804, if the starting signal is monitored to carry a speed regulating instruction, a sixth switch between the variable resistor and the second asynchronous motor unit is closed, and the resistance value of the variable resistor is adjusted based on the speed regulating instruction so as to realize the rotation speed regulation of the equipment to be speed regulated;
as shown in fig. 9, the controller 8 is in control connection with the sixth switch K6 and the variable resistor 10, which control connection is indicated by a dashed line in fig. 9.
In actual use, the resistance of the variable resistor can be adjusted to a series of discrete values, with the short circuit being the minimum resistance and the open circuit being the maximum resistance. When the rotating speed needs to be reduced, switching to a resistance value corresponding to the speed regulating instruction according to a sequence from small to large; on the contrary, when the rotating speed is increased, the sequence from large to small is switched to the resistance value corresponding to the speed regulating command.
In this embodiment, in addition to the speed adjustment by using the variable resistor, the speed adjustment may also be implemented by using an inverter, and specifically, the flowchart of another asynchronous motor speed adjustment method shown in fig. 10 specifically includes the following steps:
step S1002, when a starting signal is received, a seventh switch between the first asynchronous motor unit and the power grid is closed, so that the first asynchronous motor unit is connected to the power grid to operate;
for ease of understanding, fig. 11 shows a schematic configuration of another speed control circuit, as shown in fig. 11, the three-phase windings of the first asynchronous motor unit are U1, V1 and W1, and the three-phase windings of the second asynchronous motor unit are U2, V2 and W2, wherein the first asynchronous motor unit can be connected to the three-phase line of the power grid through a seventh switch K7, and the controller 8 can be in control connection with the seventh switch K7, and the control connection is represented by a dashed line in fig. 11. Only the seventh switch K7 is shown in fig. 11 to control the connection of the first asynchronous motor unit to the power grid, and in actual use, the seventh switch K7 may be replaced by a soft starter to realize the connection of the first asynchronous motor unit to the power grid, which is not limited herein.
Step S1004, if the starting signal is monitored to carry a speed regulation instruction, closing an eighth switch and a ninth switch between a second inverter and a second asynchronous motor unit, and regulating the frequency, the voltage and the phase of the second inverter based on the speed regulation instruction so as to realize the rotation speed regulation of the equipment to be speed regulated;
as shown in fig. 11, the controller 8 is in control connection with the eighth switch K8, the ninth switch K9 and the second inverter 11, and the control connection is indicated by a dotted line in fig. 11. The process of adjusting the rotation speed by the second inverter 11 is the same as the process of adjusting the rotation speed by the first inverter 9, and is not described herein again.
And step S1006, if it is monitored that the speed of the device to be speed-regulated does not need to be regulated or the second inverter fails, the eighth switch and the ninth switch are disconnected to cut off the connection between the second inverter and the second asynchronous motor unit.
In this embodiment, the speed regulating circuit corresponding to fig. 6, 9 or 11 may be selected according to the type of the rotor and the connection manner between the conducting bars or windings on the first rotor and the second rotor to realize the speed regulation of the device to be speed regulated.
An electronic device is further provided in the embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 12, which is a schematic structural diagram of the electronic device, where the electronic device includes a processor 121 and a memory 120, where the memory 120 stores computer-executable instructions that can be executed by the processor 121, and the processor 121 executes the computer-executable instructions to implement an asynchronous motor speed regulation method.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 12, the electronic device further comprises a bus 122 and a communication interface 123, wherein the processor 121, the communication interface 123 and the memory 120 are connected by the bus 122.
The Memory 120 may include a high-speed Random Access Memory (RAM) and may also include a non-volatile Memory (non-volatile Memory), such as at least one disk Memory. The communication connection between the network element of the system and at least one other network element is realized through at least one communication interface 123 (which may be wired or wireless), and the internet, a wide area network, a local network, a metropolitan area network, and the like may be used. The bus 122 may be an ISA (Industry Standard Architecture) bus, a PCI (peripheral component Interconnect) bus, an EISA (Extended Industry Standard Architecture) bus, or the like. The bus 122 may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, and the like. For ease of illustration, only one double-headed arrow is shown in FIG. 12, but that does not indicate only one bus or one type of bus.
The processor 121 may be an integrated circuit chip having signal processing capabilities. In implementation, the steps of the method may be performed by instructions in the form of hardware, integrated logic circuits, or software in the processor 121. The Processor 121 may be a general-purpose Processor, and includes a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Network Processor (NP), and the like; the device can also be a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other Programmable logic device, a discrete Gate or transistor logic device, or a discrete hardware component. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like. The steps of the method disclosed in connection with the embodiments of the present application may be directly implemented by a hardware decoding processor, or implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor. The software module may be located in ram, flash memory, rom, prom, or eprom, registers, etc. storage media as is well known in the art. The storage medium is located in a memory, and the processor 121 reads information in the memory, and completes the steps of the asynchronous motor speed regulation method of the foregoing embodiment in combination with hardware thereof.
Embodiments of the present application further provide a computer-readable storage medium, where the computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, and when the computer-executable instructions are called and executed by a processor, the computer-executable instructions cause the processor to implement the asynchronous motor speed regulation method, and specific implementation may refer to the foregoing method embodiments, and is not described herein again.
The computer program product of the asynchronous motor and the asynchronous motor speed regulation method provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a computer readable storage medium storing a program code, where instructions included in the program code may be used to execute the method described in the foregoing method embodiment, and specific implementation may refer to the method embodiment, and will not be described herein again.
Unless specifically stated otherwise, the relative steps, numerical expressions, and values of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present application.
The functions, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium executable by a processor. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present application or portions thereof that substantially contribute to the prior art may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium and including instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media capable of storing program codes, such as a usb disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present application, and are used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application, but not limiting the same, and the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and although the present application is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: any person skilled in the art can modify or easily conceive the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent substitutes for some technical features within the technical scope disclosed in the present application; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of the present application, and are intended to be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. An asynchronous machine, characterized in that it comprises: the motor comprises a shell, a first end cover, a second end cover, a connecting conductor, a rotating shaft, a first bearing, a second bearing, a first asynchronous motor unit and a second asynchronous motor unit, wherein the first asynchronous motor unit and the second asynchronous motor unit have the same number of poles; wherein, first asynchronous motor unit includes first stator and first rotor, and second asynchronous motor unit includes second stator and second rotor, first stator with the second stator sets up on the internal surface of casing, first rotor with the second rotor passes through connecting conductor connects, and, coaxial concentric mutual interval set up in the pivot, will through first bearing with the second bearing the pivot is installed first end cover with the second end cover is inboard, so that in the pivot first rotor with first stator aligns, the second rotor with the second stator aligns.
2. The induction motor of claim 1, further comprising: and the guard ring is arranged on the outer side of the connecting conductor and is made of a non-magnetic material.
3. The asynchronous machine according to claim 1, characterized in that said first and second stators adopt the same outer diameter; the first stator comprises a first stator core and a first stator winding, and the second stator comprises a second stator core and a second stator winding;
the first stator winding and the second stator winding are both multi-phase armature windings, the phase sequence of the first stator winding and the phase sequence of the second stator winding are the same, and the phase number of the first stator winding and the phase sequence of the second stator winding are the same;
a ratio k of the stack length of the first stator core to the stack length of the second stator core satisfies a condition: k is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 5;
the ratio of the number of turns of the second stator winding to the number of turns of the first stator winding is equal to the ratio k.
4. The induction motor of claim 1, further comprising: the cooling device is arranged at the non-shaft-extension end of the asynchronous motor; the cooling device comprises a fan coaxially and fixedly connected with the rotating shaft and a fan cover fixedly connected with the shell, or an independent fan fixedly connected with the shell.
5. The asynchronous machine of claim 1 wherein said first and second rotors are squirrel cage rotors;
wherein the first rotor includes a first rotor core, bars in first rotor slots, and a first rotor end ring; the second rotor comprises a second rotor core, a conducting bar in a second rotor groove and a second rotor end ring;
the sections of the stamped sheets of the first rotor core and the stamped sheets of the second rotor core are the same and are superposed, and the connecting conductor is connected with the conducting bars in the first rotor slot and the conducting bars in the second rotor slot; wherein the connected bars in the first rotor slot and the bars in the second rotor slot are axially aligned.
6. The asynchronous machine of claim 1 wherein said first and second rotors are wound rotors;
the first rotor and the second rotor are independently wound with multi-phase windings, and the phase numbers of the multi-phase windings are the same; the sections of the punching sheet of the first rotor core and the punching sheet of the second rotor core are the same and are superposed;
the line outlet end of the multi-phase winding on the first rotor is connected with the line outlet end on the second rotor through a connecting conductor in phase, and after connection, the magnetic fields generated on the first rotor and the second rotor by the series current have the same rotating direction;
and the wire diameters of the windings on the first rotor and the second rotor are the same, and the turns are the same.
7. The asynchronous machine of claim 1 wherein said first and second rotors are wound rotors;
the first rotor and the second rotor are independently wound with multi-phase windings, and the phase numbers of the multi-phase windings are the same; the sections of the punching sheet of the first rotor core and the punching sheet of the second rotor core are the same and are superposed;
the wire outlet end of the multi-phase winding on the first rotor is connected with the wire outlet end on the second rotor through a connecting conductor in a phase mode, and after connection, the rotating directions of magnetic fields generated on the first rotor and the second rotor by series current are opposite;
and the wire diameters of the windings on the first rotor and the second rotor are the same, and the turns are the same.
8. A method for regulating the speed of an asynchronous motor, which is applied to a controller connected with the asynchronous motor according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the asynchronous motor comprises: the motor comprises a shell, a first end cover, a second end cover, a connecting conductor, a rotating shaft, a first bearing, a second bearing, a first asynchronous motor unit and a second asynchronous motor unit, wherein the first asynchronous motor unit and the second asynchronous motor unit have the same number of poles; the method comprises the following steps:
if the first rotor of the first asynchronous motor unit and the second rotor of the second asynchronous motor unit are squirrel cage rotors, or the first rotor of the first asynchronous motor unit and the second rotor of the second asynchronous motor unit are wound rotors and the rotating directions of the magnetic fields of the rotors are the same, and when a starting signal sent by a device to be regulated is received, a first switch or a first soft starter between the first asynchronous motor unit and a power grid is closed, so that the first asynchronous motor unit is connected to the power grid to operate;
monitoring whether the starting signal carries a speed regulation instruction or not;
if so, closing a second switch and a third switch between the power grid and the second asynchronous motor unit to connect the first inverter and the second asynchronous motor unit, and adjusting the voltage and the phase of the first inverter based on the speed regulation instruction to realize the rotation speed regulation of the equipment to be regulated;
if not, closing a fourth switch between the second asynchronous motor unit and the power grid so as to enable the second asynchronous motor unit to be connected into the power grid for operation;
if the first invertible frequency converter is monitored to be in fault or the equipment to be speed-regulated does not need to regulate speed, the second switch and the third switch are firstly switched off to cut off the connection between the first invertible frequency converter and the second asynchronous motor unit, and then the fourth switch is switched on to connect the second asynchronous motor unit to the power grid.
9. The method of claim 8, further comprising:
if the first rotor of the first asynchronous motor unit and the second rotor of the second asynchronous motor unit are wound rotors and the rotating directions of rotor magnetic fields are opposite, when the starting signal is received, a fifth switch or a second soft starter between the first asynchronous motor unit and a power grid is closed, so that the first asynchronous motor unit is connected to the power grid to operate;
if the starting signal is monitored to carry a speed regulating instruction, a sixth switch between a variable resistor and a second asynchronous motor unit is closed, and the resistance value of the variable resistor is regulated based on the speed regulating instruction so as to regulate the rotating speed of the equipment to be regulated;
and if the fact that the speed of the equipment to be regulated does not need to be regulated or the variable resistor fails is monitored, the sixth switch is disconnected so as to cut off the connection between the variable resistor and the second asynchronous motor unit.
10. The method of claim 9, further comprising:
when the starting signal is received, a seventh switch between the first asynchronous motor unit and the power grid is closed, so that the first asynchronous motor unit is connected to the power grid to operate;
if the starting signal is monitored to carry a speed regulation instruction, closing an eighth switch and a ninth switch between a second inverter and a second asynchronous motor unit, and regulating the frequency, the voltage and the phase of the second inverter based on the speed regulation instruction so as to realize the rotation speed regulation of the equipment to be speed regulated;
and if the situation that the speed of the equipment to be regulated does not need to be regulated or the second reversible frequency converter fails is monitored, the eighth switch and the ninth switch are disconnected so as to cut off the connection between the second reversible frequency converter and the second asynchronous motor unit.
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Application publication date: 20220218 |