CN114069704B - Grid-connected operation control method of medium-voltage power supply quality comprehensive lifting device - Google Patents
Grid-connected operation control method of medium-voltage power supply quality comprehensive lifting device Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of power transmission and distribution of a power system, and provides a grid-connected operation control method of a medium-voltage power supply quality comprehensive lifting device, which comprises three control loops of power, frequency and voltage, wherein the power control is used for obtaining a reference value of a phase angle difference between a power grid voltage and a load voltage according to active power injected by a power grid and active power absorbed by a load, the frequency control is used for solving the disturbance when the load power and the power grid voltage are greatly changed according to an actual value of the phase angle difference between the power grid voltage and the load voltage and the reference value of the angle frequency and the phase angle of the load voltage, the voltage control adopts a double closed-loop control strategy of a voltage outer loop and a current inner loop, and a feed-forward current of a converter and a power grid voltage compensation current are introduced in front of the current inner loop. The invention realizes the independent and rapid and effective control of the amplitude and phase angle of the load voltage in the device, can realize the comprehensive treatment of various electric energy quality events, and meets the high power supply reliability requirement of high-sensitivity users at the load side.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power transmission and distribution of power systems, and particularly relates to a grid-connected operation control method of a medium-voltage power supply quality comprehensive lifting device.
Background
The highly sensitive users represented by microelectronics, biological medicine, precision manufacturing, data center and the like have the characteristics of high economic output value, strong demonstration effect and the like, and are important forces for the economic development of serving national countries. However, the electric equipment of the high-sensitivity user also puts higher requirements on the electric energy quality and the power supply reliability, and the short-term electric energy quality problem can cause huge economic loss and serious social influence. Meanwhile, the rapid increase of domestic high and new technical manufacturers also causes the development of the power supply quality improvement technology and the industrial demand to show the trend of evolution from single, dispersed, low-voltage to comprehensive, centralized and medium-high voltage, the centralized and comprehensive improvement demand of the power supply quality for highly sensitive users is more and more strong, and the market scale is increasingly enlarged. Therefore, the research and development significance of key technologies of the comprehensive medium-voltage high-capacity power supply quality improving device is great, and the comprehensive medium-voltage high-capacity power supply quality improving device has become a hot spot problem of industrial attention.
There are some mature technologies available on the market for improving the power quality at the grid side, such as Active Power Filter (APF), static Var Compensator (SVC), static Var Generator (SVG), dynamic voltage compensator (DVR), wherein APF is used to suppress the grid harmonics, SVC and SVG are used to compensate the grid reactive power, to reduce the sag and flicker of the grid voltage, and DVR is used to compensate the grid voltage sag. The functions of the device are single, so that multiple devices are required to be input at the same time to realize comprehensive and effective treatment of multiple power quality problems, the cost of equipment is increased, and the problems of complex control strategy, reduced operation effect and the like caused by coupling among different devices are faced.
In order to effectively solve the defects of the combined treatment scheme of the devices, a technical route for guaranteeing high-quality power supply on the load side facing the power quality problem on the power grid side is widely focused and researched. Based on the topology structure and the static converter of the diesel dynamic rotary uninterruptible power supply, the Nick Elliott and Robert Turner of the ABB company provide an impedance isolation type UPS in the document A new UPS topology for multi-megawatt medium voltage power protection, and higher working performance and efficiency are realized. However, the booster transformer in the impedance isolation type UPS topology makes the occupied space of the device larger, and the higher running current in the low-voltage side converter of the device also puts higher demands on the design of the filter circuit and the controller. In addition, the impedance isolation type UPS of the ABB company realizes high voltage and large capacity by carrying out series-parallel connection on the battery clusters, so that equipment is difficult to troubleshoot and capacity expansion is difficult to realize.
The patent (publication No. CN 112531711A) proposes a novel comprehensive medium-voltage power supply quality improving device, which adopts a mode of a power unit cascade module to realize that a converter is directly hung on a medium-voltage power supply system, effectively overcomes the defect of an impedance isolation type UPS of an ABB company, and realizes comprehensive effective treatment of various electric energy quality events of a power grid. Although the basic topology of the medium-voltage power supply quality comprehensive lifting device is proposed in the patent, a control method for electric energy quality adjustment when the device is in grid-connected operation is not researched and described.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the technology and provide a grid-connected operation control method of the medium-voltage power supply quality comprehensive lifting device.
The object of the invention is achieved by the following technical measures.
A grid-connected operation control method of a medium-voltage power supply quality comprehensive lifting device comprises the following steps:
(1) And (3) power control:
(1-1) collecting the power grid injection active power P in the medium-voltage power supply quality comprehensive lifting device G The load absorbs active power P L And the converter absorbs the active power instruction value P bat Wherein P is bat The device is used for controlling the charging power of an energy storage system in the medium-voltage power supply quality comprehensive lifting device;
(1-2) absorbing active Power P by a load L With the active power absorbed by the converter instruction value P bat The total absorbed active power P of the load and the converter is obtained after the addition T ；
(1-3) injecting active Power P into the Power grid G Total absorbed active power P with load and converter T Making a difference to obtain an actual difference delta P of the active power;
(1-4) inputting the actual difference value delta P of the active power into the controller A to obtain the theoretical reference value delta of the phase angle difference between the grid voltage and the load voltage ref1 Phase angle difference theory of grid voltage and load voltageReference value delta ref1 Obtaining a phase angle difference reference value delta of the power grid voltage and the load voltage after the amplitude limiting link ref The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein, the controller A is a proportional controller, a proportional integral derivative controller, a proportional resonance controller, a dead beat controller or a hysteresis controller;
(2) And (3) frequency control:
(2-1) acquiring actual delta of phase angle difference between power grid voltage and load voltage and power grid voltage angular frequency w in the medium-voltage power supply quality comprehensive lifting device G ；
(2-2) phase angle difference reference value delta between grid voltage and load voltage outputted from power control loop ref And the actual value delta of the phase angle difference between the power grid voltage and the load voltage is subjected to difference to obtain the actual difference delta of the phase angle difference;
(2-3) inputting the actual difference delta of the phase angle difference into the controller B to obtain the angular frequency deviation reference value delta w of the load voltage and the grid voltage ref Wherein the controller B is a proportional controller, a proportional integral derivative controller, a proportional resonance controller, a dead beat controller or a hysteresis controller;
(2-4) reference value Deltaw of angular frequency deviation of load voltage from grid voltage ref Angular frequency w to grid voltage G After addition, an angular frequency limiting link is used to obtain the angular frequency reference value w of the load voltage ref Then w is ref Input to an integral controller to obtain a load voltage phase angle reference value theta ref ；
(3) Voltage control:
(3-1) taking the double-loop control of the outer voltage loop and the inner current loop, and taking the load three-phase voltage U in the device in real time L And the converter outputs three-phase current I C ；
(3-2) three-phase voltages U to the loads respectively L The converter outputs three-phase current I C Performing park transformation, wherein the park transformation rotation angle is the load voltage phase angle reference value theta ref Obtaining the load three-phase voltage U L D-axis component U of (2) Ld And q-axis component U Lq Converter outputs three phasesCurrent I C D-axis component I of (2) Cd With q-axis component I Cq ；
(3-3) reference value U for d-axis component of load three-phase voltage Ldref With the load three-phase voltage U L D-axis component U of (2) Ld After the difference is made, the three-phase current d-axis component reference value I of the converter output three-phase current generated by the voltage outer ring is obtained by inputting the difference into the controller C Cdref1 Wherein the controller C is a proportional controller, a proportional integral derivative controller, a proportional resonance controller, a dead beat controller or a hysteresis controller;
(3-4) reference value U for q-axis component of load three-phase voltage Lqref With the load three-phase voltage U L Q-axis component U of (2) Lq After the difference is made, the three-phase current q-axis component reference value I of the converter output three-phase current generated by the voltage outer ring is obtained by inputting the difference into the controller D Cqref1 Wherein the controller D is a proportional controller, a proportional integral derivative controller, a proportional resonance controller, a dead beat controller or a hysteresis controller;
(3-5) outputting the three-phase current d-axis component reference value I by the converter generated by the voltage outer ring Cdref1 D-axis component I of current transformer feedforward current Cdref2 D-axis component I of grid voltage compensation current Cdref3 Adding to obtain theoretical reference value I of d-axis component of three-phase current output by converter Cdref4 ；
(3-6) outputting the three-phase current q-axis component reference value I by the converter generated by the voltage outer loop Cqref1 Q-axis component I of current transformer feedforward current Cqref2 Grid voltage compensation current q-axis component I Cqref3 Adding to obtain theoretical reference value I of q-axis component of three-phase current output by converter Cqref4 ；
(3-7) outputting three-phase current d-axis and q-axis component theoretical reference value I by the converter Cdref4 And I Cqref4 After adding, the three-phase current d and q-axis component reference value I of the converter output is obtained after the three-phase current d and q-axis component reference value I are input to a current limiting controller Cdref And I Cqref ；
(3-8) outputting the three-phase current d-axis component reference value I by the converter Cdref And the converter outputs three-phase current I C D-axis component I of (2) Cd The difference is input into a controller E to obtain the output three-phase voltage U of the d-axis current tracking converter C D-axis component reference value U of (2) Cdref1 Wherein the controller E is a proportional controller, a proportional integral derivative controller, a proportional resonance controller, a dead beat controller or a hysteresis controller;
(3-9) outputting the three-phase current q-axis component reference value I by the converter Cqref And the converter outputs three-phase current I C Q-axis component I of (2) Cq After the difference is made, the three-phase voltage U is input into a controller F to obtain the output three-phase voltage U of the q-axis current tracking converter C Q-axis component reference value U of (2) Cqref1 Wherein the controller F is a proportional controller, a proportional integral derivative controller, a proportional resonance controller, a dead beat controller or a hysteresis controller;
(3-10) three-phase load voltage U L D-axis component U of (2) Ld Three-phase voltage U output by d-axis current tracking converter C D-axis component reference value U of (2) Cdref1 The converter outputs a three-phase current q-axis component I Cq D-axis voltage feedforward value of-wLI Cq Adding to obtain the output three-phase voltage U of the converter C Theoretical reference value U of d-axis component of (C) Cdref2 ；
(3-11) three-phase load voltage U L Q-axis component U of (2) Lq Three-phase voltage U output by q-axis current tracking converter C Q-axis component reference value U of (2) Cqref1 The d-axis component I of the three-phase current output by the converter Cd Q-axis voltage feedforward value wLI of (2) Cd Adding to obtain the output three-phase voltage U of the converter C Theoretical reference value U of q-axis component of (C) Cqref2 ；
(3-12) outputting the three-phase voltage U from the converter C Theoretical reference value U of d-axis and q-axis components of (C) Cdref2 And U Cqref2 The three-phase voltage U is obtained after the three-phase voltage U is input into a voltage limiting controller C D-axis and q-axis component reference values U of (2) Cdref And U Cqref ；
(3-13) input to the converterOut of three-phase voltage U C D-axis and q-axis component reference values U of (2) Cdref And U Cqref The inverse Peak conversion is carried out to obtain the output three-phase voltage U of the converter C Reference voltage U in abc stationary coordinate system Ca 、U Cb And U Cc 。
In the above technical solution, the load and the converter always absorb the active power P in the power control T Obtaining a Low-Pass Filter value P of total absorbed active power of the load and the converter by a Low-Pass Filter (LPF) LPF Then the active power P is injected into the power grid G Low-pass filtered value P of total absorbed active power with load and converter LPF The difference is made to obtain the actual difference delta P of the active power.
In the above technical solution, the phase angle difference clipping step in the power control includes an upper limit δ max And a lower limit delta min Upper limit delta max And a lower limit delta min Are obtained by phase angle difference limiters, wherein the upper phase angle difference limit delta max Take the value delta max1 Upper phase angle difference delta from power transfer limit max2 Smaller value of delta max1 Is equal to the actual phase angle difference delta plus 20 degrees, and the lower limit delta of the phase angle difference min Take the value delta min1 Lower phase angle difference delta from power transfer limit min2 Larger value of delta min1 Equal to the actual phase angle difference delta minus 20 degrees.
In the above technical solution, the angular frequency limiting link in the frequency control includes an upper limit w max And lower limit w min Upper limit w max Upper limit w for instantaneous value of angular frequency w max1 Upper limit w of the limit to the average value in a fixed test time window max2 Smaller value of the lower limit w min Limiting lower limit w taking value as instantaneous value of angular frequency w min1 Lower limit w of the limit to the average value in a fixed test time window min2 Larger values of the two.
In the above technical solution, the d-axis component reference value U of the load three-phase voltage in the voltage control Ldref The voltage amplitude of the power grid can be followed under the condition of meeting the power quality requirement of the load end, and the load three-phase power in the voltage control loopQ-axis component reference value U of pressure Lqref The value is zero.
In the above technical solution, the d-axis component I of the feed-forward current of the converter in the voltage control Cdref2 Equal to d-axis component I of three-phase current output by actual converter Cd And a proportionality coefficient K FFd The q-axis component I of the current fed-forward current of the converter in the voltage control loop Cqref2 Q-axis component I equal to the output three-phase current of the actual converter Cq And a proportionality coefficient K FFq Is a product of (a) and (b).
In the above technical solution, the grid voltage in the voltage control compensates the d-axis component I of the current Cdref3 Equal to the rated effective value U of the power grid voltage GN And the actual effective value U of the grid voltage G The difference multiplied by the scaling factor K Gd Grid voltage compensation current q-axis component I in the voltage control loop Cqref3 Equal to the rated effective value U of the power grid voltage GN And the actual effective value U of the grid voltage G The difference multiplied by the scaling factor K Gq 。
In the above technical solution, the current limiting link in the voltage control includes an upper limit I Cmax And lower limit I Cmin Upper limit I Cmax And lower limit I Cmin Mutually opposite numbers, the absolute value is equal to I Clim ，I Clim The value is determined by the maximum allowable operating current of the current transformer.
In the above technical solution, the voltage limiting link in the voltage control includes an upper limit U Cmax And lower limit U Cmin Upper limit U Cmax The value is determined by the maximum allowable output voltage of the converter, and the lower limit U Cmin The value is not lower than zero, and can be adjusted according to the operation requirement of the device.
In general, by adopting the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention, the following beneficial effects can be obtained:
(1) The grid-connected operation control method of the medium-voltage power supply quality comprehensive lifting device comprises three control loops of power, frequency and voltage, so that independent and rapid and effective control of load voltage amplitude and phase angle in the device is realized, the load active power can be well tracked by the power grid injection active power, and the requirement of the device for adjusting the power quality of grid-connected operation is met.
(2) The grid-connected operation control method of the medium-voltage power supply quality comprehensive lifting device fully considers the influence of a power grid voltage power quality event and load mutation on the operation control effect of the device, a low-pass filter is added in a frequency control loop, and a current transformer feedforward current and a power grid voltage compensation current control variable are added in a voltage control loop, so that the rapid and effective treatment of various disturbance working conditions during the grid-connected operation of the device is realized, and the power supply reliability of a load side high-sensitivity user is enhanced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a typical topology of a medium voltage power quality comprehensive improvement device according to the patent (publication No. CN112531711 a) for "a medium voltage power quality comprehensive adjustment system", which is a switch CB when the device is operating in a grid-connected power quality adjustment mode 2 With CB 3 Closing, CB 1 Disconnecting;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a power control strategy in the grid-tie operation control method of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a power control strategy after adding a Low Pass Filter (LPF) to the grid-connected operation control method of the device of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a frequency control strategy in the grid-connected operation control method of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a voltage control strategy in the grid-connected operation control method of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a simulation result of a load power abrupt change condition according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a simulation result of a grid voltage sag condition according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a simulation result of the voltage fluctuation and flicker conditions of the power grid according to the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In addition, the technical features of the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
The invention provides a grid-connected operation control method suitable for a medium-voltage power supply quality comprehensive lifting device, which comprises three control loops of power, frequency and voltage, and realizes independent and rapid and effective control of load voltage amplitude and phase angle in the device.
A typical topology of a medium voltage power quality integrated lifting device as proposed in the "a medium voltage power quality integrated regulating system" patent (publication No. CN112531711 a) is shown in fig. 1, switch CB in normal operation 2 With CB 3 Closing, CB 1 The device is disconnected, the device works in a grid-connected operation power quality adjustment mode, and the system can meet the requirements on the voltage power quality of the load end when a power grid generates a power quality event and the load suddenly changes through the fast control converter.
Fig. 2, fig. 4 and fig. 5 show a power control strategy block diagram, a frequency control strategy block diagram and a voltage control strategy block diagram in the grid-connected operation control method of the device, and fig. 3 shows a power control strategy block diagram after a Low Pass Filter (LPF) is added. Based on the cooperative operation of the power, frequency and voltage control loops, the device can realize the comprehensive treatment of various electric energy quality events, meets the requirements of high-sensitivity users on the load side on the power supply quality, and details the power, frequency and voltage control loops.
Active power P injected into power grid in real-time acquisition device in power control loop G The load absorbs active power P L And the converter absorbs the active power instruction value P bat (wherein P bat The converter is used for controlling the charging power of an energy storage system in the medium-voltage power supply quality comprehensive lifting device to realize the charging and discharging of the energy storage system of the device), and when the energy stored by the energy storage system of the device is in an allowable range during normal operation, the converter absorbs an active power instruction value P bat Typically zero. According to the alternating current power transmission theory, the active power P is injected into the power grid G Satisfy the following requirementsThus, the grid injects active power P G To quickly track the load absorption of active power P L And the fluctuation of the power output response speed requirement is met, the phase angle difference between the power grid voltage and the load voltage needs to be changed frequently, and thus the frequency deviation characteristic of the load side is deteriorated. To avoid this disadvantage, the load and the converter can be taken up in total by the active power P T Obtaining a Low-Pass Filter value P of total absorbed active power of the load and the converter by a Low-Pass Filter (LPF) LPF Then the active power P is injected into the power grid G Low-pass filtered value P of total absorbed active power with load and converter LPF The difference is made to obtain an actual difference delta P of the active power, and the load absorbs the active power P L Is absorbed by the converter. Then inputting the actual difference delta P of the active power into a proportional-integral controller to obtain a theoretical reference delta of the phase angle difference between the power grid voltage and the load voltage ref1 Theoretical reference value delta of phase angle difference between grid voltage and load voltage ref1 Obtaining a phase angle difference reference value delta of the power grid voltage and the load voltage after a phase angle difference limiting link ref . The phase angle difference amplitude limiting link comprises an upper limit delta max And a lower limit delta min Upper limit delta max And a lower limit delta min Are obtained by phase angle difference limiters, wherein the upper phase angle difference limit delta max Take the value delta max1 Upper phase angle difference delta from power transfer limit max2 Smaller value of delta max1 Is equal to the actual phase angle difference delta plus 20 degrees, and the lower limit delta of the phase angle difference min Take the value delta min1 Lower phase angle difference delta from power transfer limit min2 Larger value of delta min1 Equal to the actual phase angle difference delta minus 20 degrees.
Real-time acquisition device in frequency control loop of actual value delta of phase angle difference between power grid voltage and load voltage and power grid voltage angular frequency w G Then, the phase angle difference reference value delta between the grid voltage and the load voltage ref And the actual value delta of the phase angle difference between the grid voltage and the load voltage output by the power control loop is differenced to obtain the actual difference delta of the phase angle difference, and then the actual difference delta of the phase angle difference is obtainedThe delta is input into a proportional-integral controller to obtain a reference value delta w of angular frequency deviation between load voltage and grid voltage ref Then the angular frequency deviation of the load voltage and the grid voltage is referenced as delta w ref Angular frequency w to grid voltage G After addition, an angular frequency limiting link is used to obtain the angular frequency reference value w of the load voltage ref Then input into an integral controller to obtain a load voltage phase angle reference value theta ref . The angular frequency limiting link comprises an upper limit w max And lower limit w min Upper limit w max Upper limit w for instantaneous value of angular frequency w max1 Upper limit w of the limit to the average value in a fixed test time window max2 Smaller value of the lower limit w min Limiting lower limit w taking value as instantaneous value of angular frequency w min1 Lower limit w of the limit to the average value in a fixed test time window min2 Larger values of the two.
The voltage control loop adopts double-loop control of a voltage outer loop and a current inner loop, and adopts load three-phase voltage U in the device in real time L And the converter outputs three-phase current I C Then respectively to the three-phase voltages U of the load L The converter outputs three-phase current I C Performing park transformation (dq transformation, rotation angle is load voltage phase angle reference value theta ref ) Obtaining the three-phase voltage U of the load L D-axis component U of (2) Ld And q-axis component U Lq The converter outputs three-phase current I C D-axis component I of (2) Cd With q-axis component I Cq . The park transformation formula is as follows:
d-axis component reference value U of load three-phase voltage Ldref The q-axis component reference value U of the load three-phase voltage can follow the voltage amplitude of the power grid under the condition of meeting the power quality requirement of the load end Lqref The value is generally zero. Then for the d-axis reference value U of the three-phase voltage of the load Ldref With the load three-phase voltage U L D-axis component U of (2) Ld After the difference is made, the difference is input into a proportional-integral controller to obtain voltage outer loop generationThe current transformer of (1) outputs three-phase current d-axis component reference value I Cdref1 Then, for the q-axis reference value U of the three-phase voltage of the load Lqref With the load three-phase voltage U L Q-axis component U of (2) Lq After the difference is made, the three-phase current q-axis component reference value I of the converter output generated by the voltage outer loop is obtained after the difference is input to a proportional-integral controller Cqref1 。
When the load suddenly changes or the power grid voltage fluctuates, the output current (power) of the converter can change rapidly, and if no additional control is performed, the load voltage in the device can fluctuate greatly, so that the requirement of a high-sensitivity user on the power supply quality is difficult to meet. Therefore, combining with the instantaneous power theory, a current-converter feed-forward current branch is added in front of a current inner-loop controller, and the d-axis component I of the three-phase current output by the actual converter is increased Cd And a proportionality coefficient K FFd Multiplying to obtain d-axis component I of feedforward current of converter Cdref2 (I Cdref2 ＝K FFd *I Cd ) The q-axis component I of the three-phase current output by the actual converter Cq And a proportionality coefficient K FFq Multiplying to obtain q-axis component I of current transformer feedforward current Cqref2 (I Cqref2 ＝K FFq *I Cq )。
When the grid voltage drops or rises suddenly, the converter output current (power) will change greatly. When the grid voltage suddenly drops, the active power and reactive power output by the converter are increased. When the voltage of the power grid rises suddenly, the active power and the reactive power output by the converter are reduced, and the power grid may become negative. If no additional control is provided, the load voltage in the device may fluctuate greatly, and it is difficult to meet the requirements of highly sensitive users on the power supply quality. Therefore, by combining with the instantaneous power theory, a power grid voltage compensation current branch is added in front of the current inner loop controller to rated the power grid voltage to an effective value U GN And the actual effective value U of the grid voltage G Is the difference and the scaling factor K Gd Multiplying to obtain d-axis component I of the grid voltage compensation current Cdref3 (I Cdref3 ＝(U GN -U G )*K Gd ) Rated effective value U of power grid voltage GN And the actual effective value U of the grid voltage G Is the difference and the scaling factor K Gq Multiplying to obtain the q-axis component I of the grid voltage compensation current Cqref3 (I Cqref3 ＝(U GN -U G )*K Gq )。
Then outputting a three-phase current d-axis component reference value I by using a converter generated by a voltage outer ring Cdref1 D-axis component I of current transformer feedforward current Cdref2 D-axis component I of grid voltage compensation current Cdref3 Adding to obtain theoretical reference value I of d-axis component of three-phase current output by converter Cdref4 Then the converter generated by the voltage outer ring outputs the three-phase current q-axis component reference value I Cqref1 Q-axis component I of current transformer feedforward current Cqref2 Grid voltage compensation current q-axis component I Cqref3 Adding to obtain theoretical reference value I of q-axis component of three-phase current output by converter Cqref4 Then the d-axis and q-axis component theoretical reference value I of the three-phase current output by the converter Cdref4 And I Cqref4 After adding, the three-phase current d and q-axis component reference value I of the converter output is obtained after the three-phase current d and q-axis component reference value I are input to a current limiting controller Cdref And I Cqref The current limiting link includes an upper limit I Cmax And lower limit I Cmin . Upper limit I Cmax And lower limit I Cmin Mutually opposite numbers, the absolute value is equal to I Clim ，I Clim The value is determined by the maximum allowable operating current of the current transformer.
Then the current transformer outputs a d-axis component reference value I of the three-phase current Cdref And the converter outputs three-phase current I C D-axis component I of (2) Cd The difference is input to a proportional-integral controller to obtain the output three-phase voltage U of the d-axis current tracking converter C D-axis component reference value U of (2) Cdref1 Then, outputting the reference value I of the q-axis component of the three-phase current to the converter Cqref And the converter outputs three-phase current I C Q-axis component I of (2) Cq After the difference is made, the three-phase voltage U is input into a proportional-integral controller to obtain the output three-phase voltage U of the q-axis current tracking converter C Q-axis component reference value U of (2) Cqref1 Then load three-phase voltage U L D-axis component U of (2) Ld Three-phase voltage U output by d-axis current tracking converter C D-axis component reference value U of (2) Cdref1 The converter outputs a three-phase current q-axis component I Cq D-axis voltage feedforward value of-wLI Cq Adding to obtain the output three-phase voltage U of the converter C Theoretical reference value U of d-axis component of (C) Cdref2 Then load three-phase voltage U L Q-axis component U of (2) Lq Three-phase voltage U output by q-axis current tracking converter C Q-axis component reference value U of (2) Cqref1 The d-axis component I of the three-phase current output by the converter Cd Q-axis voltage feedforward value wLI of (2) Cd Adding to obtain the output three-phase voltage U of the converter C Theoretical reference value U of q-axis component of (C) Cqref2 Then the converter outputs three-phase voltage U C Theoretical reference value U of d-axis and q-axis components of (C) Cdref2 And U Cqref2 The three-phase voltage U is obtained after the three-phase voltage U is input into a voltage limiting controller C D-axis and q-axis component reference values U of (2) Cdref And U Cqref The voltage limiting link includes an upper limit U Cmax And lower limit U Cmin . Upper limit U Cmax The value is determined by the maximum allowable output voltage of the converter, and the lower limit U Cmin The value is not lower than zero, and can be adjusted according to the operation requirement of the device.
Then three-phase voltage U is output to the converter C D-axis and q-axis component reference values U of (2) Cdref And U Cqref The park inverse transformation is carried out to obtain the output three-phase voltage U of the converter C Reference voltage U in abc stationary coordinate system Ca 、U Cb And U Cc . The inverse park transform formula is as follows:
example 1
In the embodiment, a simulation model of the medium-voltage power supply quality comprehensive lifting device is built by adopting software PSCAD/EMTDC, a simulation model diagram can be seen in FIG. 1, and the grid-connected operation power quality adjustment control method provided by the invention is added into a system operation control strategy. By performing simulation on several typical power quality events, the power quality of the load voltage in the device is tested, and the technical feasibility and effectiveness of the invention are verified. The key parameters of the simulation model are shown in table 1.
| Parameter name | Parameter values |
| Rated capacity of device | 1MVA |
| Rated line voltage of device | 10kV |
| Load rated active power | 0.8MW |
| Load rated reactive power | 0.6Mvar |
| Grid side isolation reactor L 1 | 96mH |
| Load side grid-connected reactor L 2 | 12.8mH |
| Number of cascade H-bridges of each phase unit of converter | 12 |
| Rated DC voltage of H bridge module | 800V |
| H bridge module direct current capacitor | 3000uF |
| Rated DC voltage of battery module | 250V |
Simulation working condition 1: load power abrupt change
The load power is suddenly changed from zero to active power of 0.8MW and reactive power of 0.6Mvar in 1s, and the active power P is injected into the power grid in the device G Load active power P L The converter outputs active power P C Load voltage U Lac And the load voltage power quality (load line voltage effective value U LRMS The results of the measurements of the load line voltage harmonic content THD, the load line voltage frequency f, the load line voltage three-phase imbalance UBF) are shown in fig. 6. It can be seen that when the load power is suddenly changed from zero to rated power, the device can effectively maintain the voltage stability of the load terminal, and the power supply quality requirement of the load side is met. The effective value of the voltage amplitude of the load line is between 9.9kV and 10.1kV, the fluctuation rate is lower than 1%, the total harmonic distortion rate is lower than 1%, the frequency is between 49.9Hz and 50.1Hz, and the three-phase unbalance is lower than 1%. The electric energy quality indexes of the load voltage all reach the requirements above the national standard of the 10kV alternating current system, and the device is verified to be capable of effectively coping with the abrupt change working condition of the load power.
Simulation working condition 2: grid voltage sag
When the three-phase voltage amplitude of the power grid is 0.8s and 1.2s, the voltage sag is 0.1pu and 0.5pu respectively, the duration of the voltage sag is 0.2s, and the power grid voltage U in the device Gac Load voltage U Lac And the load voltage power quality (load line voltage effective value U LRMS The measurement results of the load line voltage harmonic content THD, the load line voltage frequency f, the load line voltage three-phase imbalance UBF) are shown in fig. 7. It can be seen that when the voltage sag of the power grid is 0.1pu or 0.5pu, the device can effectively maintain the voltage stability of the load terminal, and the power supply quality requirement of the load side is met. Wherein the effective value of the voltage amplitude of the load line is between 9.8kV and 10.3kV, the fluctuation rate is lower than 3%, the total harmonic distortion rate is lower than 2%, the frequency is between 49.6Hz and 50.4Hz, and the three values are the sameThe phase imbalance is less than 1%. The electric energy quality indexes of the load voltage all reach the requirements above the national standard of the 10kV alternating current system, and the device is verified to be capable of effectively aiming at the power grid voltage sag working condition.
Simulation working condition 3: grid voltage fluctuation and flicker
The power grid voltage starts to fluctuate and flicker when 1s, the voltage amplitude is alternately changed between 0.9pu and 1.1pu for 0.1s, and the power grid voltage is recovered to be normal when 1.2 s. Grid voltage U in device Gac Load voltage U Lac And the load voltage power quality (load line voltage effective value U LRMS The measurement results of the load line voltage harmonic content THD, the load line voltage frequency f, the load line voltage three-phase imbalance UBF) are shown in fig. 8. The device can effectively maintain the voltage stability of the load end during the fluctuation and flickering of the power grid voltage, and meets the power supply quality requirement of the load side. Wherein the effective value of the voltage amplitude of the load line is basically maintained at 9.8kV-10.2kV, the fluctuation rate is lower than 2%, the total harmonic distortion rate is lower than 1%, the frequency is between 49.9Hz-50.1Hz, and the three-phase unbalance degree is lower than 0.5%. The electric energy quality indexes of the load voltage meet the national standard requirements, and the device can effectively cope with the three-phase unbalanced working condition of the power grid voltage.
The invention provides a grid-connected operation electric energy quality regulation control method of a medium-voltage power supply quality comprehensive lifting device, which comprises three control loops, namely power, frequency and voltage, wherein the power control loop obtains a reference value of a phase angle difference between a power grid voltage and a load voltage according to active power injected by the power grid and active power absorbed by a load, the frequency control loop adopts a double closed-loop control strategy of a voltage outer loop and a current inner loop according to an actual value of the phase angle difference between the power grid voltage and the load voltage and the reference value of the phase angle of the load voltage, and a current converter feedforward current and a power grid voltage compensation current are introduced in front of the current inner loop to cope with disturbance when the load power and the power grid voltage are greatly changed. The invention realizes independent and rapid effective control of the amplitude and phase angle of the load voltage in the device by adopting three control loops of power, frequency and voltage, can realize comprehensive treatment of various electric energy quality events, and meets the high power supply reliability requirement of high-sensitivity users at the load side.
It will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that the foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention, but any modifications, equivalents, improvements or alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The grid-connected operation control method of the medium-voltage power supply quality comprehensive lifting device is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) And (3) power control:
(1-1) collecting the power grid injection active power P in the medium-voltage power supply quality comprehensive lifting device G The load absorbs active power P L And the converter absorbs the active power instruction value P bat Wherein P is bat The device is used for controlling the charging power of an energy storage system in the medium-voltage power supply quality comprehensive lifting device;
(1-2) absorbing active Power P by a load L With the active power absorbed by the converter instruction value P bat The total absorbed active power P of the load and the converter is obtained after the addition T ；
(1-3) injecting active Power P into the Power grid G Total absorbed active power P with load and converter T Making a difference to obtain an actual difference delta P of the active power;
(1-4) inputting the actual difference value delta P of the active power into the controller A to obtain the theoretical reference value delta of the phase angle difference between the grid voltage and the load voltage ref1 Theoretical reference value delta of phase angle difference between grid voltage and load voltage ref1 Obtaining a phase angle difference reference value delta of the power grid voltage and the load voltage after the amplitude limiting link ref The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein, the controller A is a proportional controller, a proportional integral derivative controller, a proportional resonance controller, a dead beat controller or a hysteresis controller;
(2) And (3) frequency control:
(2-1) acquiring actual delta of phase angle difference between power grid voltage and load voltage and power grid voltage angular frequency w in the medium-voltage power supply quality comprehensive lifting device G ；
(2-2) phase angle difference reference value delta between grid voltage and load voltage outputted from power control loop ref And the actual value delta of the phase angle difference between the power grid voltage and the load voltage is subjected to difference to obtain the actual difference delta of the phase angle difference;
(2-3) inputting the actual difference delta of the phase angle difference into the controller B to obtain the angular frequency deviation reference value delta w of the load voltage and the grid voltage ref Wherein the controller B is a proportional controller, a proportional integral derivative controller, a proportional resonance controller, a dead beat controller or a hysteresis controller;
(2-4) reference value Deltaw of angular frequency deviation of load voltage from grid voltage ref Angular frequency w to grid voltage G After addition, an angular frequency limiting link is used to obtain the angular frequency reference value w of the load voltage ref Then w is ref Input to an integral controller to obtain a load voltage phase angle reference value theta ref ；
(3) Voltage control:
(3-1) taking the double-loop control of the outer voltage loop and the inner current loop, and taking the load three-phase voltage U in the device in real time L And the converter outputs three-phase current I C ；
(3-2) three-phase voltages U to the loads respectively L The converter outputs three-phase current I C Performing park transformation, wherein the park transformation rotation angle is the load voltage phase angle reference value theta ref Obtaining the load three-phase voltage U L D-axis component U of (2) Ld And q-axis component U Lq The converter outputs three-phase current I C D-axis component I of (2) Cd With q-axis component I Cq ；
(3-3) reference value U for d-axis component of load three-phase voltage Ldref With the load three-phase voltage U L D-axis component U of (2) Ld After the difference is made, the three-phase current d-axis component reference value I of the converter output three-phase current generated by the voltage outer ring is obtained by inputting the difference into the controller C Cdref1 Wherein the controller C is a proportional controller, a proportional integral derivative controller, a proportional resonance controller, a dead beat controller or a hysteresis controller;
(3-4) reference value U for q-axis component of load three-phase voltage Lqref With the load three-phase voltage U L Q-axis component U of (2) Lq After the difference is made, the three-phase current q-axis component reference value I of the converter output three-phase current generated by the voltage outer ring is obtained by inputting the difference into the controller D Cqref1 Wherein the controller D is a proportional controller, a proportional integral derivative controller, a proportional resonance controller, a dead beat controller or a hysteresis controller;
(3-5) outputting the three-phase current d-axis component reference value I by the converter generated by the voltage outer ring Cdref1 D-axis component I of current transformer feedforward current Cdref2 D-axis component I of grid voltage compensation current Cdref3 Adding to obtain theoretical reference value I of d-axis component of three-phase current output by converter Cdref4 ；
(3-6) outputting the three-phase current q-axis component reference value I by the converter generated by the voltage outer loop Cqref1 Q-axis component I of current transformer feedforward current Cqref2 Grid voltage compensation current q-axis component I Cqref3 Adding to obtain theoretical reference value I of q-axis component of three-phase current output by converter Cqref4 ；
(3-7) outputting three-phase current d-axis and q-axis component theoretical reference value I by the converter Cdref4 And I Cqref4 After adding, the three-phase current d and q-axis component reference value I of the converter output is obtained after the three-phase current d and q-axis component reference value I are input to a current limiting controller Cdref And I Cqref ；
(3-8) outputting the three-phase current d-axis component reference value I by the converter Cdref And the converter outputs three-phase current I C D-axis component I of (2) Cd The difference is input into a controller E to obtain the output three-phase voltage U of the d-axis current tracking converter C D-axis component reference value U of (2) Cdref1 Wherein the controller E is a proportional controller, a proportional integral derivative controller, a proportional resonance controller, a dead beat controller or a hysteresis controller;
(3-9) outputting the three-phase current q-axis component reference value I by the converter Cqref And the converter outputs three-phase current I C Q-axis component I of (2) Cq After the difference is made, the three-phase voltage U is input into a controller F to obtain the output three-phase voltage U of the q-axis current tracking converter C Q-axis component reference value U of (2) Cqref1 Wherein the controller F is a proportional controller, a proportional integral derivative controller, a proportional resonance controller, a dead beat controller or a hysteresis controller;
(3-10) three-phase load voltage U L D-axis component U of (2) Ld Three-phase voltage U output by d-axis current tracking converter C D-axis component reference value U of (2) Cdref1 The converter outputs a three-phase current q-axis component I Cq D-axis voltage feedforward value of-wLI Cq Adding to obtain the output three-phase voltage U of the converter C Theoretical reference value U of d-axis component of (C) Cdref2 ；
(3-11) three-phase load voltage U L Q-axis component U of (2) Lq Three-phase voltage U output by q-axis current tracking converter C Q-axis component reference value U of (2) Cqref1 The d-axis component I of the three-phase current output by the converter Cd Q-axis voltage feedforward value wLI of (2) Cd Adding to obtain the output three-phase voltage U of the converter C Theoretical reference value U of q-axis component of (C) Cqref2 ；
(3-12) outputting the three-phase voltage U from the converter C Theoretical reference value U of d-axis and q-axis components of (C) Cdref2 And U Cqref2 The three-phase voltage U is obtained after the three-phase voltage U is input into a voltage limiting controller C D-axis and q-axis component reference values U of (2) Cdref And U Cqref ；
(3-13) outputting three-phase voltage U to the converter C D-axis and q-axis component reference values U of (2) Cdref And U Cqref The inverse Peak conversion is carried out to obtain the output three-phase voltage U of the converter C Reference voltage U in abc stationary coordinate system Ca 、U Cb And U Cc 。
2. The grid-connected operation control method of the medium-voltage power supply quality comprehensive lifting device according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: the phase angle difference amplitude limiting link in the power control comprises an upper limit delta max And a lower limit delta min Upper limit delta max And a lower limit delta min Are obtained by phase angle difference limiters, wherein the upper phase angle difference limit delta max Take the value delta max1 Upper phase angle difference delta from power transfer limit max2 Smaller value of delta max1 Is equal to the actual phase angle difference delta plus 20 degrees, and the lower limit delta of the phase angle difference min Take the value delta min1 Lower phase angle difference delta from power transfer limit min2 Larger value of delta min1 Equal to the actual phase angle difference delta minus 20 degrees.
3. The grid-connected operation control method of the medium-voltage power supply quality comprehensive lifting device according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: the angular frequency amplitude limiting link in the frequency control comprises an upper limit w max And lower limit w min Upper limit w max Upper limit w for instantaneous value of angular frequency w max1 Upper limit w of the limit to the average value in a fixed test time window max2 Smaller value of the lower limit w min Limiting lower limit w taking value as instantaneous value of angular frequency w min1 Lower limit w of the limit to the average value in a fixed test time window min2 Larger values of the two.
4. The grid-connected operation control method of the medium-voltage power supply quality comprehensive lifting device according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: d-axis component reference value U of load three-phase voltage in voltage control Ldref The power grid voltage amplitude can be followed under the condition of meeting the power quality requirement of the load end, and the q-axis component reference value U of the load three-phase voltage in the voltage control loop Lqref The value is zero.
5. The grid-connected operation control method of the medium-voltage power supply quality comprehensive lifting device according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: the d-axis component I of the feedforward current of the converter in the voltage control Cdref2 Equal to d-axis component I of three-phase current output by actual converter Cd And a proportionality coefficient K FFd The q-axis component I of the current fed-forward current of the converter in the voltage control loop Cqref2 Q-axis component I equal to the output three-phase current of the actual converter Cq And a proportionality coefficient K FFq Is a product of (a) and (b).
6. The grid-connected operation control method of the medium-voltage power supply quality comprehensive lifting device according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: grid voltage compensation current d-axis component I in the voltage control Cdref3 Equal to the rated effective value U of the power grid voltage GN And the actual effective value U of the grid voltage G The difference multiplied by the scaling factor K Gd Grid voltage compensation current q-axis component I in the voltage control loop Cqref3 Equal to the rated effective value U of the power grid voltage GN And the actual effective value U of the grid voltage G The difference multiplied by the scaling factor K Gq 。
7. The grid-connected operation control method of the medium-voltage power supply quality comprehensive lifting device according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: the current limiting link in the voltage control comprises an upper limit I Cmax And lower limit I Cmin Upper limit I Cmax And lower limit I Cmin Mutually opposite numbers, the absolute value is equal to I Clim ，I Clim The value is determined by the maximum allowable operating current of the current transformer.
8. The grid-connected operation control method of the medium-voltage power supply quality comprehensive lifting device according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: the voltage limiting link in the voltage control comprises an upper limit U Cmax And lower limit U Cmin Upper limit U Cmax The value is determined by the maximum allowable output voltage of the converter, and the lower limit U Cmin The value is not lower than zero, and can be adjusted according to the operation requirement of the device.
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