CN114069097A - Thermal runaway processing system and thermal runaway processing method - Google Patents
Thermal runaway processing system and thermal runaway processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114069097A CN114069097A CN202111345463.8A CN202111345463A CN114069097A CN 114069097 A CN114069097 A CN 114069097A CN 202111345463 A CN202111345463 A CN 202111345463A CN 114069097 A CN114069097 A CN 114069097A
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 abstract description 27
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 26
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 26
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 25
- 239000004831 Hot glue Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
- B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
- H01M10/633—Control systems characterised by algorithms, flow charts, software details or the like
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
- H01M10/635—Control systems based on ambient temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
- H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6567—Liquids
- H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/66—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells
- H01M10/663—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells the system being an air-conditioner or an engine
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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Abstract
The invention discloses a thermal runaway processing system and a thermal runaway processing method, and belongs to the technical field of batteries. The thermal runaway processing system comprises a battery cooling liquid pipeline, a motor cooling liquid pipeline, a detection module and a pressure release valve, wherein the battery cooling liquid pipeline positioned in the power battery pack is communicated with the interior of the power battery pack through an electric control three-way valve; an electric control four-way valve is arranged at the joint of a battery cooling liquid pipeline outside the power battery pack and a motor cooling liquid pipeline, and is used for switching the communication or sealing state between the battery cooling liquid pipeline and the motor cooling liquid pipeline; the detection module is used for detecting the pressure and the temperature inside the power battery pack; the pressure release valve is arranged at a set height in the power battery pack, and the set height is smaller than the height of the battery monomer. The temperature and the pressure in the power battery pack are quickly reduced, the battery monomer which is subjected to spontaneous combustion explosion is prevented from igniting other battery monomers, and the whole power battery pack is prevented from spontaneous combustion explosion.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a thermal runaway processing system and a thermal runaway processing method.
Background
For the popularization and application of pure electric vehicles, the biggest problem is the safety problem of power batteries. Because the power battery belongs to the high-voltage energy storage component and chemical energy is stored, once thermal runaway occurs, spontaneous combustion and explosion of the battery can be caused instantly, and personal safety of passengers is endangered. And the spontaneous combustion explosion of the power battery is higher in incidence and larger in destructiveness compared with other safety faults of the pure electric vehicle.
The power battery pack of the pure electric vehicle is integrated by hundreds of battery monomers and is influenced by the processing technology, the assembly technology and the working environment of the battery monomers, in the use process of the pure electric vehicle, the states of the battery monomers are different, so that the safety state of a certain battery monomer is reduced, severe chemical reaction can be generated under certain special working conditions, spontaneous combustion explosion is generated, other battery monomers are combusted and exploded after high temperature is generated, chain reaction is generated, and finally the spontaneous combustion explosion of the power battery pack is induced.
At present, the existing method is to passively protect the connection structure of the battery cells through structural design, that is, after a certain battery cell undergoes spontaneous combustion explosion, the influence on other battery cells is weakened. But is limited by the space and high sealing performance of the battery system, and the protection effect is limited.
Therefore, it is desirable to provide a thermal runaway processing system and a thermal runaway processing method to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a thermal runaway processing system and a thermal runaway processing method, which can quickly reduce the temperature and the pressure in a power battery pack, avoid the spontaneous combustion explosion of the power battery pack and weaken the influence of a battery monomer which is out of control on other battery monomers.
In order to realize the purpose, the following technical scheme is provided:
a thermal runaway processing system includes, in combination,
the system comprises a power battery pack, a battery cooling liquid pipeline, a control circuit and a control circuit, wherein one part of the battery cooling liquid pipeline is arranged in the power battery pack, the other part of the battery cooling liquid pipeline is arranged outside the power battery pack, and the battery cooling liquid pipeline in the power battery pack is communicated with the inside of the power battery pack through an electric control three-way valve;
the electric control four-way valve is arranged at the joint of the battery cooling liquid pipeline outside the power battery pack and the motor cooling liquid pipeline and is used for switching the communication or sealing state between the battery cooling liquid pipeline and the motor cooling liquid pipeline;
the detection module is arranged on the power battery pack and used for detecting the pressure and the temperature inside the power battery pack;
and the pressure release valve is arranged at a set height in the power battery pack, and the set height is smaller than the height of the battery monomer.
As an alternative to the thermal runaway processing system, the battery coolant line is provided with a first water pump, the motor coolant line is provided with a second water pump, and the direction in which the first water pump conveys the battery coolant and the direction in which the second water pump conveys the motor coolant are the same.
As an alternative of the thermal runaway processing system, the electrically-controlled three-way valve is fixed at the connecting position of the battery coolant pipeline by adopting a hot-melt material in an adhering mode.
As an alternative to the thermal runaway processing system, the battery coolant line is provided with a first radiator and the motor coolant line is provided with a second radiator.
As an alternative to the thermal runaway processing system, the detection module is disposed on one of the top, side walls, and bottom of the power cell pack.
A thermal runaway processing method for protecting a power battery pack by adopting the thermal runaway processing system comprises the following steps:
s1: recording operation monitoring data in the power battery pack in real time;
s2: when the monitoring data of the power battery pack is larger than a set value;
s3: the motor coolant pipeline is communicated with the battery coolant pipeline, and two kinds of cooling liquid are injected into the power battery pack through the battery coolant pipeline;
s4: and injecting the two cooling liquids to a set height in the power battery pack.
As an alternative to the thermal runaway processing method, the monitoring data includes the temperature and pressure of the power battery pack, and the step S2 further includes the steps of:
s21: when the temperature of the power battery pack is greater than a first set temperature value, and/or
When the pressure of the power battery pack is greater than a first set pressure value;
s22: the high voltage component is switched off.
As an alternative to the thermal runaway processing method, the step S3 further includes the steps of:
s31: and an electric control four-way valve positioned between the motor cooling liquid pipeline and the battery cooling liquid pipeline and an electric control three-way valve on the battery cooling liquid pipeline are opened simultaneously.
As an alternative to the thermal runaway processing method, the step S3 further includes the steps of:
s32: when the temperature of the power battery pack is higher than a second set temperature value,
s33: and melting and cracking the molten material at the joint of the electric control three-way valve and the battery cooling liquid pipeline, and injecting the two types of cooling liquid into the power battery pack from the cracking position.
As an alternative to the thermal runaway processing method, the step S4 further includes the steps of:
s51: when the pressure value of the power battery pack is greater than a second set pressure value;
s52: and opening a pressure release valve on the power battery pack.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the thermal runaway processing system, the electric control four-way valve is arranged at the joint of the battery cooling liquid pipeline outside the power battery pack and the motor cooling liquid pipeline, the battery cooling liquid pipeline is communicated with the power battery pack through the electric control three-way valve, so that both the battery cooling liquid and the motor cooling liquid can be input into the power battery pack, and the flow of the cooling liquid is increased; judging whether the power battery pack is in an out-of-control state or not by detecting the pressure and the temperature inside the power battery pack; the pressure relief valve is arranged at the set height of the power battery pack, and can reduce the pressure in the power battery pack, so that cooling liquid smoothly flows into the power battery pack; on one hand, after the cooling liquid is injected to the set height, the cooling liquid can block the pressure release valve, so that the space above the set height in the power battery pack is closed again, further injection of the cooling liquid is prevented, and the cooling liquid reaches the set height; on the other hand, the control unit of the power battery and the electric connection mechanism between the battery monomers are arranged at the top of the power battery, when cooling liquid is injected to the set height of submerging the battery monomers, the cooling liquid is discharged from the pressure release valve, short circuit of the control unit and the electric connection mechanism is prevented, on the other hand, the cooling liquid submerges the battery monomers, the battery monomers are isolated from each other, the battery monomers preventing spontaneous combustion explosion ignite other battery monomers, the whole power battery pack is prevented from spontaneous combustion explosion, the function of rapidly reducing the temperature and the pressure in the power battery pack is achieved, the occurrence of spontaneous combustion explosion of the power battery pack is avoided, and the influence of the battery monomers out of control on other battery monomers is weakened.
The thermal runaway processing method provided by the invention adopts the thermal runaway processing system to protect the power battery pack, and the battery cooling liquid and the motor cooling liquid are both injected into the power battery pack to cool or extinguish the thermal runaway battery monomer, so that the function of rapidly reducing the temperature and the pressure in the power battery pack is achieved, the spontaneous combustion explosion of the power battery pack is avoided, and the influence of the thermal runaway battery monomer on other battery monomers is weakened.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the contents of the embodiments of the present invention and the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a thermal runaway processing system in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a thermal runaway processing method in an embodiment of the invention.
Reference numerals:
101. a power battery pack; 102. a battery cell; 103. a pressure sensor; 104. a temperature sensor; 105. a pressure relief valve;
201. a battery coolant line; 202. an electrically controlled three-way valve; 203. a first water pump; 204. a first heat exchanger; 205. a heat exchanger;
301. a power motor system; 302. a second heat sink; 303. a second water pump; 304. an electrically controlled four-way valve; 305. motor coolant piping.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships that are conventionally placed when the products of the present invention are used, and are used only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements to be referred to must have specific orientations, be constructed in specific orientations, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; either mechanically or electrically. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In order to achieve the function of quickly reducing the temperature and the pressure in the power battery pack, avoid the occurrence of spontaneous combustion explosion of the power battery pack, and weaken the influence of the battery cell in runaway on other battery cells, the present embodiment provides a thermal runaway processing system, and the details of the present embodiment are described in detail below with reference to fig. 1 to 2.
As shown in fig. 1, a thermal runaway processing system includes a battery coolant line 201, a motor coolant line 305, a detection module, a pressure relief valve 105, an electronically controlled three-way valve 202, and an electronically controlled four-way valve 304. The battery coolant line 201 is temperature resistant and pressure resistant.
One part of the battery coolant pipeline 201 is arranged in the power battery pack 101, the other part of the battery coolant pipeline 201 is arranged outside the power battery pack 101, and the battery coolant pipeline 201 in the power battery pack 101 is communicated with the inside of the power battery pack 101 through the electric control three-way valve 202. An electrically controlled four-way valve 304 is arranged at the joint of the battery cooling liquid pipeline 201 and the motor cooling liquid pipeline 305 outside the power battery pack 101, and the electrically controlled four-way valve 304 is used for switching the communication or sealing state between the battery cooling liquid pipeline 201 and the motor cooling liquid pipeline 305. The detection module is disposed on the power battery pack 101 and is configured to detect the pressure and temperature inside the power battery pack 101. The pressure relief valve 105 is disposed at a set height within the power battery pack 101, the set height being less than the height of the battery cells 102.
In short, in the thermal runaway processing system provided by the invention, the electric control four-way valve 304 is arranged at the joint of the battery cooling liquid pipeline 201 outside the power battery pack 101 and the motor cooling liquid pipeline 305, the battery cooling liquid pipeline 201 is communicated with the power battery pack 101 through the electric control three-way valve 202, so that both the battery cooling liquid and the motor cooling liquid can be input into the power battery pack 101, and the flow of the cooling liquid is increased; judging whether the power battery pack 101 is in an out-of-control state or not by detecting the pressure and the temperature inside the power battery pack 101; a pressure release valve 105 is arranged at a set height of the power battery pack 101, and the pressure release valve 105 can reduce the pressure in the power battery pack 101, so that cooling liquid smoothly flows into the power battery pack 101; on one hand, after the cooling liquid is injected to the set height, the cooling liquid can block the pressure release valve 105, so that the space above the set height in the power battery pack 101 is closed again, further injection of the cooling liquid is prevented, and the cooling liquid reaches the set height; on the other hand, the control unit of the power battery and the electric connection mechanism between the battery cells 102 are arranged at the top of the power battery, when cooling liquid is injected to a set height submerging the battery cells 102, the cooling liquid is discharged from the pressure release valve 105, short circuit of the control unit and the electric connection mechanism is prevented, on the other hand, the cooling liquid submerges the battery cells 102, the battery cells 102 are isolated from each other, the battery cells 102 which are subjected to spontaneous combustion explosion are prevented from igniting other battery cells 102, spontaneous combustion explosion of the whole power battery pack 101 is prevented, the function of rapidly reducing the temperature and pressure in the power battery pack 101 is achieved, spontaneous combustion explosion of the power battery pack 101 is avoided, and the influence of the battery cells 102 which are out of control on other battery cells 102 is weakened.
Specifically, the electrically controlled three-way valve 202 has three ports abc, and has two switching states: a and b are communicated, and a, b and c are communicated simultaneously.
Specifically, the electrically controlled four-way valve 304 has four ports d, e, f, and g, and has two switching states: d and e are in communication and f and g are in communication, and d and g are in communication and e and f are in communication.
Further, the battery coolant line 201 is provided with a first water pump 203, the motor coolant line 305 is provided with a second water pump 303, and the direction in which the battery coolant is conveyed by the first water pump 203 and the direction in which the motor coolant is conveyed by the second water pump 303 coincide. The first water pump 203 and the second water pump 303 drive the cooling liquid in the cooling circuit to flow, so that the flow speed of the cooling liquid in the pipeline is increased, and the cooling effect on the power battery pack 101 is improved.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, the electrically controlled three-way valve 202 is fixed by bonding with a hot-melt material at the connection position of the battery coolant line 201. The hot melt material in this embodiment is a hot melt adhesive, and after thermal runaway occurs, the temperature in the power battery pack 101 rises, and after the hot melt adhesive is heated to a certain temperature value, the hot melt adhesive softens until the sealing performance is lost, and even if the electric control three-way valve 202 fails, the cooling liquid is not influenced to enter the power battery pack 101.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, the battery coolant line 201 is provided with a first radiator 204, and the motor coolant line 305 is provided with a second radiator 302. By additionally arranging the first radiator 204 and the second radiator 302, the contact area between the cooling liquid and the air in the loop is increased, the heat exchange amount is increased, the battery cooling liquid and the motor cooling liquid are effectively cooled, and the cooling effect of the power battery pack 101 is improved. Wherein the power motor system is a cooled assembly disposed on the motor coolant line 305.
Further, the detection module is disposed on one of the top, the side wall and the bottom of the power battery pack 101. The detection module comprises a temperature sensor 104 and a pressure sensor 103, and in the embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the temperature sensor 104 and the pressure sensor 103 are both arranged at the top of the power battery pack 101.
Illustratively, when the temperature of the battery cells 102 exceeds a certain temperature and the temperature rise speed of the battery cells exceeds a certain range, or the internal pressure of the power battery pack 101 exceeds a certain value and the internal pressure increase speed of the power battery pack 101 exceeds a certain range, the battery management system detects that thermal runaway occurs in the power battery pack 101, reports the battery state to the vehicle control unit, the vehicle control unit controls all high-voltage components to stop working and controls the high-voltage system to be powered off, and simultaneously the vehicle control unit controls the four-way valve to switch from a state where d is communicated with e and a state where f is communicated with g is switched to a state where d is communicated with e and f is communicated with f, communicates the motor cooling liquid pipeline 305 with the battery cooling liquid pipeline 201, switches the electric control three-way valve 202 from a state where b is communicated with c, and introduces the cooling liquid in the motor cooling liquid pipeline 305 and the battery cooling liquid pipeline 201 into the power battery pack 101, and the vehicle control unit can control the first water pump and the second water pump to work at full speed, so that the driving cooling liquid is accelerated to flow into the power battery pack 101, the battery cells 102 are cooled or put out a fire, the spontaneous combustion explosion effect of the battery cells 102 is weakened, the battery cells 102 are isolated, the battery cells 102 which are subjected to spontaneous combustion explosion are prevented from igniting other battery cells 102, and the power battery system is prevented from spontaneous combustion explosion.
If thermal runaway occurs in the power battery pack 101, if the electric control three-way valve 202 fails at the moment, and the vehicle control unit cannot control the electric control three-way valve 202 to switch from the a and b communication state to the a, b and c communication state, the cooling liquid in the battery cooling loop cannot flow into the power battery system, the battery cells 102 cannot be cooled, and then the temperature inside the power battery pack 101 can be rapidly increased. Automatically controlled three-way valve 202 passes through the hot melt adhesive with battery coolant liquid pipeline 201 and is connected, high temperature can make the hot melt adhesive melt, lose sealing performance, the coolant liquid can flow into power battery package 101 inside through the pipeline gap under water pump drive, cool down or put out a fire battery monomer 102, weaken the effect that battery monomer 102 spontaneous combustion explodes, and keep apart each battery monomer 102, other battery monomers 102 are lighted to the battery monomer 102 that prevents spontaneous combustion explosion, prevent that power battery system from taking place spontaneous combustion explosion.
If thermal runaway occurs in the power battery pack 101, if the water pump fails at the moment and cannot drive the coolant in the battery cooling loop to flow in an accelerated manner, the coolant flows into the power battery from the electrically-controlled three-way valve 202 under the action of gravity, so as to cool or extinguish the fire of the battery cells 102, reduce the spontaneous combustion explosion effect of the battery cells 102, isolate the battery cells 102, prevent the battery cells 102 which are subjected to spontaneous combustion explosion from igniting other battery cells 102, and prevent the spontaneous combustion explosion of the power battery system.
If thermal runaway occurs in the power battery pack 101, if the electric control three-way valve 202 and the water pump simultaneously break down at the moment, the cooling liquid in the battery cooling loop cannot flow into the power battery system. Automatically controlled three-way valve 202 passes through the hot melt adhesive with the coolant liquid pipeline and is connected, and high temperature can make the hot melt adhesive melt, loses sealing performance, and inside the coolant liquid can flow into power battery through the pipeline gap under the effect of gravity, cooled down or put out a fire to battery cell 102.
As shown in fig. 2, the present embodiment further provides a thermal runaway processing method for protecting the power battery pack 101 by using the above-mentioned thermal runaway processing system, where the thermal runaway processing method includes the following steps:
s1: recording operation monitoring data in the power battery pack 101 in real time;
s2: when the monitoring data of the power battery pack 101 is larger than a set value;
s3: the motor cooling liquid pipeline 305 is communicated with the battery cooling liquid pipeline 201, and two cooling liquids are injected into the power battery pack 101 through the battery cooling liquid pipeline 201;
s4: two cooling liquids are injected to a set height within the power cell pack 101.
In short, the thermal runaway processing method provided by the invention adopts the thermal runaway processing system to protect the power battery pack 101, and both the battery coolant and the motor coolant are injected into the power battery pack 101 to cool or extinguish the thermal runaway battery cell 102, so that the function of quickly reducing the temperature and the pressure in the power battery pack 101 is achieved, the spontaneous combustion explosion of the power battery pack 101 is avoided, the influence of the thermal runaway battery cell 102 on other battery cells 102 is weakened, an additional set of cooling system is not required, and the structural complexity of equipment is reduced.
Further, the monitoring data includes the temperature and pressure of the power battery pack 101, and the step S2 further includes the following steps: s21: when the temperature of the power battery pack 101 is greater than a first set temperature value, and/or when the pressure of the power battery pack 101 is greater than a first set pressure value; s22: the high voltage component is switched off. When thermal runaway occurs in the power battery pack 101, surrounding high-voltage components are cut off, so that the influence range can be reduced. In other embodiments, the monitoring data may also increase the voltage value and the current value.
Further, step S3 further includes the following steps: s31: electronically controlled four-way valve 304 located between motor coolant line 305 and battery coolant line 201 and electronically controlled three-way valve 202 on battery coolant line 201 are opened simultaneously. The smooth flowing of the cooling liquid is ensured, and once the cooling liquid is out of control, the two cooling liquids can be rapidly injected into the power battery pack 101.
Further, step S3 further includes the following steps: s32: when the temperature of the power battery pack 101 is greater than the second set temperature value, S33: the molten material at the connection of the electric control three-way valve 202 and the battery coolant pipeline 201 is melted and broken, and the two kinds of coolant are injected into the power battery pack 101 from the broken part, so that each battery cell 102 is immersed.
Further, step S4 further includes the following steps: s51: when the pressure value of the power battery pack 101 is greater than a second set pressure value; s52: the pressure relief valve 105 on the power battery pack 101 is opened. Specifically, the second set pressure value is greater than the first set pressure value.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A thermal runaway processing system comprising,
a battery cooling liquid pipeline (201), wherein one part of the battery cooling liquid pipeline (201) is arranged in a power battery pack (101), the other part of the battery cooling liquid pipeline (201) is arranged outside the power battery pack (101), and the battery cooling liquid pipeline (201) in the power battery pack (101) is communicated with the inside of the power battery pack (101) through an electric control three-way valve (202);
the electric motor cooling liquid pipeline (305) is provided with an electric control four-way valve (304) at the joint of the battery cooling liquid pipeline (201) outside the power battery pack (101) and the electric motor cooling liquid pipeline (305), and the electric control four-way valve (304) is used for switching the communication or sealing state between the battery cooling liquid pipeline (201) and the electric motor cooling liquid pipeline (305);
the detection module is arranged on the power battery pack (101) and used for detecting the pressure and the temperature inside the power battery pack (101);
the pressure relief valve (105) is arranged at a set height in the power battery pack (101), and the set height is smaller than the height of the battery cell (102).
2. The thermal runaway processing system according to claim 1, characterised in that the battery coolant line (201) is provided with a first water pump (203), the motor coolant line (305) is provided with a second water pump (303), and the direction in which the battery coolant is conveyed by the first water pump (203) and the direction in which the motor coolant is conveyed by the second water pump (303) coincide.
3. The thermal runaway processing system according to claim 1, characterised in that the electrically controlled three-way valve (202) is adhesively secured at the connection point of the battery coolant line (201) using a hot melt material.
4. The thermal runaway processing system according to claim 1, characterised in that the battery coolant line (201) is provided with a first radiator (204) and the motor coolant line (305) is provided with a second radiator (302).
5. The thermal runaway processing system of claim 1, wherein the detection module is disposed on one of a top, a side wall, and a bottom of the power cell pack (101).
6. A thermal runaway process method for protecting a power battery pack (101) using a thermal runaway process system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
s1: recording operation monitoring data in the power battery pack (101) in real time;
s2: when the monitoring data of the power battery pack (101) is larger than a set value;
s3: the motor cooling liquid pipeline (305) is communicated with the battery cooling liquid pipeline (201), and two cooling liquids are injected into the power battery pack (101) through the battery cooling liquid pipeline (201);
s4: injecting the two cooling liquids to a set height within the power cell pack (101).
7. The thermal runaway process of claim 6, wherein the monitored data includes a temperature and a pressure of the power cell pack (101), and the step S2 further comprises the steps of:
s21: when the temperature of the power battery pack (101) is greater than a first set temperature value, and/or
When the pressure of the power battery pack (101) is greater than a first set pressure value;
s22: the high voltage component is switched off.
8. The thermal runaway processing method of claim 7, wherein the step S3 further comprises the steps of:
s31: an electrically controlled four-way valve (304) located between the motor coolant line (305) and the battery coolant line (201) and an electrically controlled three-way valve (202) on the battery coolant line (201) are opened simultaneously.
9. The thermal runaway processing method of claim 8, wherein the step S3 further comprises the steps of:
s32: when the temperature of the power battery pack (101) is higher than a second set temperature value,
s33: and melting and cracking molten materials at the joint of the electric control three-way valve (202) and the battery cooling liquid pipeline (201), and injecting two types of cooling liquid into the power battery pack (101) from the cracking position.
10. The thermal runaway processing method of claim 9, wherein the step S4 further comprises the steps of:
s51: when the pressure value of the power battery pack (101) is larger than a second set pressure value;
s52: and opening a pressure relief valve (105) on the power battery pack (101).
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