CN114066035A - Screening method for fully exerting planting potentials of wheat varieties with different water-saving performances - Google Patents
Screening method for fully exerting planting potentials of wheat varieties with different water-saving performances Download PDFInfo
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- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- G06Q10/04—Forecasting or optimisation specially adapted for administrative or management purposes, e.g. linear programming or "cutting stock problem"
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q50/00—Systems or methods specially adapted for specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
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Abstract
A screening method for fully exerting planting potentials of wheat varieties with different water-saving performances utilizes a water-saving high-yield index WSHYI to screen the wheat varieties with high water-saving yield, wherein the WSHYI is (WSI-0.999999)/| (WSI-0.999999) | HYIWSIn the formula: WSI ═ Ya 4·Ym ‑1·YM·(YA 4)‑1;HYIWS=Ym 4·Ya ‑1·YA·(YM 4)‑1(ii) a In the formula: y isaThe yield of the water-treated grains of the wheat variety to be detected is spring 1; y ismThe yield of the water-treated grains of the wheat variety to be detected is spring 2; y isMIs a pair ofTreating the yield of seeds with water according to the wheat variety spring 2; y isAThe yield of the seeds is compared with the yield of the spring 1 water-treated wheat variety; if the WSHYI value of the wheat variety to be tested is more than or equal to 1, both spring 1 water and spring 2 water are suitable for planting; if the WSHYI value of the variety to be tested is more than 0 and less than 1, the method is suitable for spring 1 water planting; if the WSHYI value of the variety to be tested is more than-1 and less than or equal to 0, the variety is not suitable for being planted in spring 1 water or spring 2 water as a general variety, and if the WSHYI value of the variety to be tested is less than or equal to-1, the variety is only suitable for being planted in spring 2 water.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a wheat screening method, in particular to a screening method for fully exerting the planting potential of a wheat variety with non-water-saving performance, and belongs to the field of agriculture.
Background
At present, the continuous development of agriculture is restricted by drought and water shortage, and the problems of uneven distribution of precipitation space, low utilization rate and high utilization difficulty in northern arid regions are solved, so that the identification, cultivation and popularization of water-saving high-yield varieties become one of important ways for inhibiting underground water over-harvest and guaranteeing national food safety. The water saving index WSI in the Hebei province local standard (DB13_ T2798-2018) is a better index for identifying the water saving performance of wheat, and can better embody the water saving performance of wheat materials. By identifying and selecting wheat materials with high water-saving index, the varieties are applied to production, the wheat yield under the spring 1 water irrigation condition can be obviously increased, and the water production efficiency is improved.
The water saving index WSI in the Hebei province local standard (DB 13/T2798-2018) has the following specific formula:
WSI=Ya 4·Ym -1·YM·(YA 4)-1
in the formula:
WSI- -Water saving index
Ya- - -yield (kg) of material to be tested stressed handling grain
Ym- - -yield (kg) of contrast-treated kernels of material to be tested
YM- - -control variety control treatment grain yield (kg)
YAStress-control variety grain yield (kg)
TABLE 1 Water-saving identification grade division table as follows
WSI is a better index for identifying the water saving performance of wheat, and the yield is calculated according to stress and normal conditions with different water contents, so that the yield capacity condition under the stress condition is reflected by comparison. At present, the conventional method for identifying the water conservation in the water-saving breeding of wheat is to breed each material into a cell (the cell area is 10-12.4 m)2) Setting two water treatments (spring 1 water and spring 2 water), wherein each treatment is repeated for 3 times, and calculating the water-saving index size according to the cell yield of the spring 1 water and the spring 2 water after harvesting to judge the water-saving performance level of the material. The advantage of this is that the water saving performance of the test material, i.e. the water saving performance of the spring 1 water treatment, is better revealed.
In practical application, we find that the method has limitation, the water saving index of an individual variety reaches the standard, but the yield of spring 2 water treatment is obviously lower than that of a control variety, and although the material has better water saving performance (from the perspective of the water saving index), the yield is possibly lower in practical production application and is not suitable for large-area application in production. For example, in the variety TKM0331 No. 15 in Table 2, the yield of both water treatments is reduced compared with the yield reduction of the control, the yield reduction degree of the spring 2 water treatment is large, but the water-saving index reaches a good level, the yield reduction of the spring 2 water in actual production application is larger than the yield reduction of the control, the application effect in production is possibly not ideal, although the wheat has the water-saving quality, the yield is not as expected due to improper planting conditions, namely, the planting potential of the wheat is inhibited due to improper planting methods. Conceivably, some wheat varieties without water-saving quality can also exert the planting potential to the maximum if proper planting conditions are provided, or the wheat varieties with affairs are selected according to the local water resource conditions, so that the purposes of adjusting to local conditions, fully utilizing local water resources and realizing high yield can be achieved. Therefore, a scientific wheat variety screening and planting method is needed in actual production, and the method can ensure that proper wheat varieties can obtain planting conditions which give play to the maximum planting potential of the wheat varieties, so that the aims of efficient planting and yield increase can be fulfilled by fully utilizing the existing variety resources.
Table 22021 years national wheat united attacking and customs saving index condition table
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, a screening method for fully exerting the planting potential of the wheat variety is provided. The method can simply judge under what conditions the wheat variety is suitable for planting, and also solves the problems that the high-yield screening is not visual and convenient enough and the planting potential of the wheat variety is depressed in the prior art.
A wheat variety screening and planting method for fully exerting the planting potential of wheat varieties is characterized by comprising the following steps: wheat variety screening is carried out by utilizing water-saving high-yield index WSHYI (WSI-0.999999)/| (WSI-0.999999) | HYIWS
In the formula:
WSI=Ya 4·Ym -1·YM·(YA 4)-1;
HYIWS=Ym 4·Ya -1·YA·(YM 4)-1;
in the formula:
Yathe yield of the water-treated grains of the wheat variety to be detected is spring 1;
Ymthe yield of the water-treated grains of the wheat variety to be detected is spring 2;
YMthe yield of the seeds is treated by water in spring 2 compared with the control wheat variety;
YAis a control smallThe yield of wheat variety spring 1 water-treated grains; .
If the WSHYI value of the wheat variety to be tested is more than or equal to 1, both spring 1 water and spring 2 water are suitable for planting; if the WSHYI value of the variety to be tested is more than 0 and less than 1, the method is suitable for spring 1 water planting; if the WSHYI value of the variety to be tested is more than-1 and less than or equal to 0, the variety is not suitable for being planted in spring 1 water or spring 2 water as a general variety, and if the WSHYI value of the variety to be tested is less than or equal to-1, the variety is only suitable for being planted in spring 2 water.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the method is characterized by: aiming at two treatments of spring 1 water and spring 2 water, three repetitions are set for each material, one wheat variety is planted in two plots, the spring 1 water and the spring 2 water are respectively watered, and each plot is further planted into three repetitions.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the method is characterized by: the arrangement method of the field block in the planting process is random block, the repeat is 3 times, the row spacing is 0.155 meter, 9 rows are arranged in each cell, and the area of the cell is 10-12.4 square meters.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the method is characterized by: the control variety is national control variety Jimai 22.
Detailed Description
Therefore, we propose to screen the water-saving high-yield wheat varieties according to the water-saving high-yield index WSHYI, wherein the specific standard is shown in the table 3:
TABLE 3
WSHYI=(WSI-0.999999)/|(WSI-0.999999)|*HYIWS
In the formula:
WSI=Ya 4·Ym -1·YM·(YA 4)-1
HYIWS=Ym 4·Ya -1·YA·(YM 4)-1
in the formula:
Ya- - -yield of spring 1 water-treated grains of wheat variety to be tested(kg)
Ym- - -yield (kg) of water-treated grains of wheat variety spring 2 to be tested
YM- - -control wheat variety spring 2 Water treatment grain yield (kg)
YAThe yield (kg) of water-treated grains of a control wheat variety spring 1 according to the method of the invention, different water treatment conditions can be selected for different wheat varieties so as to achieve the purpose of fully utilizing the planting potential of the wheat. Of course, the most suitable wheat variety may be selected according to the local water resource conditions.
Based on the drought resistance high yield index defined in this application, we have calculated the wheat variety of table 2 and the results are shown in table 4.
TABLE 4
The water-saving high-yield index distribution can be visually seen from table 4, and the grading standard can be better understood. And (4) screening results: the 12 varieties of the tobacco grower 745, the tobacco grower 29, the Jimai 691, the Hemai 175364, the air wheat 2006, the BC15PT379, the Hemai T175236, the Hemai 176001, the tobacco grower 30, the Jimai 196, the Handan 115272 and the Hemai 4399 are varieties which can be planted in spring 1 water and spring 2 water, can be widely applied under the conditions of spring 1 water and spring 2 water production, and the higher the WSHYI index, the more ideal the application effect is. Other varieties can also be classified according to the grade in the table 4, and belong to different types, and the specific classification is omitted.
In the practical application of the method, two treatments of spring 1 water and spring 2 water are required to be set in the experiment, three repetitions are set for each material, namely, one wheat material is planted in two plots, the spring 1 water and the spring 2 water are respectively watered, each plot is also planted in three repetitions, and the correlation index is calculated according to the final harvested yield data and a formula.
The identification is carried out in the natural drought environment in the field, the rainfall capacity of the wheat in the growth period is not more than 150mm (the drought is moderate, the identification effect is ensured), and water treatment (on the basis of emergence of seedling of sufficient soil moisture, 2 water is filled in the whole growth period, the water filling amount is 120 square/mu) and water limiting treatment (on the basis of emergence of seedling of sufficient soil moisture, 1 water is filled in the whole growth period, and the water filling amount is 60 square/mu) are respectively arranged. The drought identification condition of the drought shed can be simulated (refer to the Hebei province local standard (DB 13/T2798-2018)),
the field block arrangement method comprises the following steps: and (4) randomly grouping, repeating for 3 times, wherein the row spacing is 0.155 m, 9 rows are formed in each cell, and the area of each cell is 10-12.4 square meters.
The test adopts the national Huang-Huai-Bei tablet unified control variety Jimai 22 as the control, and the variety has better water-saving high-yield characteristics and very good eurytopic property and is widely planted at home.
The application innovatively provides a water-saving high-yield index method WSHYI for comprehensively evaluating the water-saving high-yield characteristics of the wheat varieties, classifies the planting conditions of the wheat varieties suitable for various conditions of spring 1 water and spring 2 water, and is convenient for guiding the practical application of the wheat varieties in production.
The method can obtain high-yield characteristic index without increasing field test workload in the process of identifying the water-saving index.
In 2021, correlation index tests are carried out on several new varieties, and the results show that WSHYI can better identify the water condition suitable for planting of the varieties and has the same effect with the practical application. See in particular the table below.
Claims (4)
1. A screening method for fully exerting the planting potential of wheat varieties with different water-saving performances is characterized in that: screening of water-saving high-yield wheat varieties by using water-saving high-yield index WSHYI (WSI-0.999999)/| (WSI-0.999999) | HYIWS
In the formula:
WSI=Ya 4·Ym -1·YM·(YA 4)-1;
HYIWS=Ym 4·Ya -1·YA·(YM 4)-1;
in the formula:
Yathe yield of the water-treated grains of the wheat variety to be detected is spring 1;
Ymthe yield of the water-treated grains of the wheat variety to be detected is spring 2;
YMthe yield of the seeds is treated by water in spring 2 compared with the control wheat variety;
YAthe yield of the seeds is compared with the yield of the spring 1 water-treated wheat variety;
if the WSHYI value of the wheat variety to be tested is more than or equal to 1, both spring 1 water and spring 2 water are suitable for planting; if the WSHYI value of the variety to be tested is more than 0 and less than 1, the method is suitable for spring 1 water planting; if the WSHYI value of the variety to be tested is more than-1 and less than or equal to 0, the variety is not suitable for being planted in spring 1 water or spring 2 water as a general variety, and if the WSHYI value of the variety to be tested is less than or equal to-1, the variety is only suitable for being planted in spring 2 water.
2. The screening method for fully exerting the planting potential of the wheat varieties with different water-saving performances according to claim 1, is characterized in that three repetitions are set for each material aiming at two treatments of spring 1 water and spring 2 water, one wheat variety is planted in two plots, the spring 1 water and the spring 2 water are respectively watered, and each plot is further planted with three repetitions.
3. The screening method for fully exerting the planting potential of the wheat varieties with different water saving performances according to claim 1, characterized in that the arrangement method of the field block in planting is random block, the repetition is 3 times, the row spacing is 0.155 meter, 9 rows are arranged in each cell, and the area of the cell is 10-12.4 square meters.
4. The screening method for fully exerting the planting potential of the wheat varieties with different water saving performances according to claim 1, wherein the control variety is national control variety Jimai 22.
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