CN114063113A - All-fiber non-blind area polarization laser radar system and atmospheric parameter detection method - Google Patents
All-fiber non-blind area polarization laser radar system and atmospheric parameter detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114063113A CN114063113A CN202111580287.6A CN202111580287A CN114063113A CN 114063113 A CN114063113 A CN 114063113A CN 202111580287 A CN202111580287 A CN 202111580287A CN 114063113 A CN114063113 A CN 114063113A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S17/95—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for meteorological use
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/4802—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00 using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of atmospheric parameter detection, in particular to an all-fiber non-blind-area polarization laser radar system and an atmospheric parameter detection method. The system comprises a laser, a data acquisition unit and a data processing unit, wherein the laser is used for emitting laser beams which form echo signals after returning through the atmosphere; a telescope for acquiring the echo signal; the first optical device is used for receiving the echo signal collected by the telescope and dividing the echo signal into a first polarization component and a second polarization component; a first photodetector for receiving the first polarization component and converting the first polarization component into a first electrical detection signal; a second photodetector for receiving the second polarization component and converting the second polarization component into a second electrical detection signal.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of atmospheric parameter detection, in particular to an all-fiber non-blind-area polarized laser radar system and an atmospheric parameter detection method.
Background
The laser radar technology is an effective means for detecting the spatial distribution of aerosol, and the development of the laser technology and the electronics technology enables the laser radar to have unique advantages in the aspects of detection height, vertical span, spatial resolution and time continuous detection of troposphere aerosol, which is difficult to be compared with other detection means. However, under the influence of the optical path of the optical transceiver system, the laser radar has a detection blind area, and cannot obtain near-field data, and the estimation and revision of the geometric overlapping factors also bring large errors, so that the near-ground or radar near-field critical area has no accurate measurement result. The polarized laser radar obtains the judgment of particle morphology by detecting the atmospheric echo signal after the atmospheric aerosol and cloud particle action according to the polarization state change information, and plays an irreplaceable important role in the aspects of atmospheric aerosol classification, inversion of micro-physical characteristics, research of interaction between aerosol and cloud and the like.
In recent years, many researches on reducing laser radar blind areas and polarization reception are carried out domestically and abroad, for example, near-ground atmospheric aerosol distribution is obtained by using a CCD detection method, but far-field high-resolution signals cannot be obtained. Some researchers use multiple telescopes to receive near-field and far-field signals respectively and then perform data splicing, however, the increase of devices leads to the increase of the system volume, and new errors are introduced in the data splicing process. In the aspect of polarization measurement, the laser radar is usually designed into a coaxial or paraxial structure, the system blind area is large, and the laser radar is optimized into a coaxial transceiving system, the vertical polarization component and the parallel polarization component of an atmosphere echo signal are alternately received, and the detection result is extremely easily influenced by atmosphere change.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an all-fiber non-blind area polarization laser radar system and an atmospheric parameter detection method, aiming at overcoming the defects in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides an all-fiber non-blind-area polarization lidar system, comprising: the laser is used for emitting laser beams, and the laser beams form echo signals after returning through the atmosphere; a telescope for acquiring the echo signal; the first optical device is used for receiving the echo signal collected by the telescope and dividing the echo signal into a first polarization component and a second polarization component; a first photodetector for receiving the first polarization component and converting the first polarization component into a first electrical detection signal; a second photodetector for receiving the second polarization component and converting the second polarization component into a second electrical detection signal. The all-fiber non-blind-area polarization laser radar system provided by the invention divides the echo signal into the first polarization component and the second polarization component, and ensures that the first polarization component and the second polarization component can be respectively and simultaneously received by the first photoelectric detector and the second photoelectric detector, thereby improving the accuracy of the detection result.
Optionally, the all-fiber non-blind-area polarization lidar system further includes: the second optical device is used for receiving the laser beam, transmitting the laser beam to the first optical device and then emitting the laser beam to the atmosphere by the telescope; and the second optics are configured to receive the second polarization component and transmit the second polarization component to the second photodetector. The adoption of the coaxial design of transmitting and receiving can reduce the blind area of the laser radar system as much as possible and effectively enlarge the detection range.
Optionally, the all-fiber non-blind-area polarization lidar system further includes: the first filter is used for receiving the first polarization component, filtering the first polarization component and transmitting the filtered first polarization component to the first photodetector. The invention can reduce interference and improve detection precision by adopting the first filter.
Optionally, the all-fiber non-blind-area polarization lidar system further includes: a second filter to receive the second polarization component and to filter the second polarization component for transmission to the second photodetector. The invention can reduce the interference and improve the detection precision by adopting the second filter.
Optionally, the first filter and the first filter each comprise a fiber band pass filter. The invention realizes the purposes of filtering out-of-band interference and passing in-band signals by adopting the optical fiber band-pass filter.
Optionally, the second optical device comprises a fiber optic circulator. The invention can further simplify the system structure and reduce the volume of the radar system by adopting the optical fiber circulator.
Optionally, the all-fiber non-blind-area polarization lidar system further includes: the signal acquisition and control module is respectively in communication connection with the laser, the first photoelectric detector and the second photoelectric detector; the signal acquisition and control module is respectively used for controlling the working states of the laser, the first photoelectric detector and the second photoelectric detector.
Optionally, the signal acquisition and control module includes a single photon counting card, and the single photon counting card is respectively configured to perform digital counting according to the first electrical detection signal and the second electrical detection signal; the gate control device is used for controlling the start and stop of the laser, the first photoelectric detector and the second photoelectric detector according to preset time; and the embedded computer is used for receiving the digital counting result and finishing data processing according to the digital counting result. The invention improves the integration level of the system and reduces the volume by using the single photon counting card, the door control device and the embedded computer as the signal acquisition and control module.
Optionally, the first optical device comprises a polarization-maintaining optical fiber beam splitter, and the polarization-maintaining optical fiber beam splitter has strong polarization maintaining capability on linearly polarized light, so that the accuracy of a detection result is ensured.
The second aspect of the present invention also provides an atmospheric parameter detection method, including: providing an all-fiber non-blind-area polarization lidar system as described in the first aspect of the present invention, and detecting an atmospheric parameter using the all-fiber non-blind-area polarization lidar system. The atmospheric parameter detection method provided by the invention adopts the all-fiber non-blind area polarization laser radar system, and the echo signal is divided into the first polarization component and the second polarization component, so that the vertical polarization component and the parallel polarization component can be respectively and simultaneously received by the first photoelectric detector and the second photoelectric detector, and the accuracy of the detection result is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment of an all-fiber non-blind-area polarized lidar system according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of an atmospheric parameter detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below, and it should be noted that the embodiments described herein are only for illustration and are not intended to limit the present invention. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that: it is not necessary to employ these specific details to practice the present invention. In other instances, well-known circuits, software, or methods have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the present invention.
Throughout the specification, reference to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "one example," or "an example" means: the particular features, structures, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment of the invention. Thus, the appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment," "in an embodiment," "one example" or "an example" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable combination and/or sub-combination in one or more embodiments or examples. Further, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the illustrations provided herein are for illustrative purposes and are not necessarily drawn to scale.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides an all-fiber non-blind-area polarization lidar system, which includes a laser 1, where the laser 1 is configured to emit a laser beam, and the laser beam forms an echo signal after returning to the atmosphere; in the present embodiment, the laser 1 emits a laser beam as polarized light; in addition, the laser beam can be a laser beam with any wave band, and the specific wave band of the laser beam can be selected according to the atmospheric aerosol and cloud particles. In one or some embodiments, the laser 1 may be a gas laser, a solid laser, a semiconductor laser, or a combination of one or more of fiber lasers; the power of the laser 1 can be flexibly selected according to the actual use scenario, and is not limited herein.
In this embodiment, the all-fiber non-blind-area polarization lidar system further includes a telescope 4, where the telescope 4 is configured to collect the echo signal, and in this embodiment, the echo signal is mainly obtained after the laser beam returns through the atmospheric aerosol and the cloud particles, that is, the echo signal is also a laser signal. In one or some embodiments, the telescope 4 can be of the kind refractive, reflective, and catadioptric telescopes; of course, other types of telescopes 4 may be suitable for the lidar system of the present invention and are also contemplated by the present invention.
In this embodiment, the all-fiber non-blind-area polarization lidar system further includes a first optical device, and the first optical device is configured to receive the echo signal collected by the telescope 4, and divide the echo signal into a first polarization component and a second polarization component. The first polarization component and the second polarization component are respectively a vertical polarization component and a parallel polarization component of the echo signal. In an optional embodiment, the first optical device includes a polarization-maintaining fiber beam splitter 3, and the invention ensures the accuracy of the detection result by adopting the polarization-maintaining fiber beam splitter 3 to have stronger polarization maintaining capability on linearly polarized light. Furthermore, the polarization-maintaining fiber beam splitter 3 comprises an a end, a b end and a c end; wherein the a end of the polarization maintaining fiber beam splitter 3 is positioned at the light-emitting side of the laser 1.
In this embodiment, the all-fiber non-blind-area polarization lidar system further includes a first photodetector and a second photodetector; the first photodetector may be an S-channel photodetector 601, and the second photodetector may be a P-channel photodetector 602; the S-channel photodetector 601 and the P-channel photodetector 602 may be single photon photodetectors based on pulse discrimination, respectively. The S-channel photodetector 601 is connected to the end b of the polarization maintaining fiber beam splitter 3, and is configured to receive the vertical polarization component and convert the vertical polarization component into a second electrical detection signal; the S-channel photodetector 601 is configured to receive the vertically polarized component and convert the vertically polarized component into a second electrical detection signal.
The all-fiber non-blind-area polarization laser radar system provided by the invention has the advantages that the echo signals are divided into the vertical polarization component and the parallel polarization component, so that the vertical polarization component and the parallel polarization component can be respectively and simultaneously received by the S-channel photoelectric detector 601 and the P-channel photoelectric detector 602, and the accuracy of detection results is improved.
In an optional embodiment, the all-fiber non-blind-area polarization lidar system further comprises: a second optical device for receiving the laser beam, transmitting the laser beam to the first optical device and then emitting the laser beam to the atmosphere by the telescope 4; and the second optics are configured to receive the second polarization component and transmit the second polarization component to the second photodetector. The adoption of the coaxial design of transmitting and receiving can reduce the blind area of the laser radar system as much as possible and effectively enlarge the detection range.
In an alternative embodiment, the second optical device comprises a fiber optic circulator 2; wherein said fiber optic circulator 2 also comprises an a-terminal, a b-terminal and a c-terminal. The end a of the optical fiber circulator 2 is connected with the end c of the polarization maintaining optical fiber beam splitter 3, the end b of the optical fiber circulator 2 is connected with the P-channel photoelectric detector 602, and the end c of the optical fiber circulator 2 is connected with the outlet (laser exit) of the laser 1.
When the all-fiber non-blind area polarization laser radar system emits laser beams: emitting a laser beam by a laser 1, wherein the laser beam is injected from the c end of the optical fiber circulator 2 and is emitted from the a end of the optical fiber circulator 2; then the light beam is emitted from the end c of the polarization-maintaining optical fiber beam splitter 3, emitted from the end a of the polarization-maintaining optical fiber beam splitter 3 and finally emitted out through the telescope 4. It should be noted that the a end of the polarization maintaining fiber beam splitter 3 may be located at the optical axis focus of the telescope 4.
When the all-fiber non-blind area polarization laser radar system receives an echo signal, the telescope 4 collects the echo signal, the echo signal is injected through the end a of the polarization-maintaining fiber beam splitter 3, and the echo signal is divided into a vertical polarization component and a parallel polarization component through the polarization-maintaining fiber beam splitter 3; the vertical polarization component is emitted from the end b of the polarization-maintaining optical fiber beam splitter 3 and is finally received by the P-channel photodetector 602; the parallel polarization component is emitted from the c end of the polarization-maintaining optical fiber beam splitter 3, is emitted from the a end of the optical fiber circulator 2, is emitted from the b end of the optical fiber circulator 2, and is finally received by the P-channel photoelectric detector 602; the polarization direction of the laser beam emitted from the fiber circulator 2 coincides with the polarization direction of the laser beam incident on the polarization-maintaining fiber circulator 2. The present invention can further simplify the system configuration by using the optical fiber circulator 2.
In an optional embodiment, the all-fiber non-blind-area polarization lidar system further comprises: the first filter is used for receiving the first polarization component, filtering the first polarization component and transmitting the filtered first polarization component to the first photodetector. The second filter is configured to receive the second polarization component, and filter and transmit the second polarization component to the second photodetector. Furthermore, the first filter and the first filter are an optical fiber band-pass filter 501 and an optical fiber band-pass filter 502, respectively, wherein a filtering band of the optical fiber band-pass filter can be selected according to actual detection requirements, which are not listed here. The invention realizes the purposes of filtering out-of-band interference and passing in-band signals by adopting the optical fiber band-pass filter.
In an optional embodiment, the all-fiber non-blind-area polarization lidar system further comprises: the signal acquisition and control module 7 is used for respectively communicating and connecting the laser 1, the first photoelectric detector and the second photoelectric detector 7; the signal acquisition and control module 7 is respectively used for controlling the working states of the laser 1, the first photoelectric detector and the second photoelectric detector.
In an alternative embodiment, the signal acquisition and control module 7 comprises a single photon counting card for digital counting according to the first and second electrical detection signals, respectively. The signal acquisition and control module 7 further includes a gate control device, and the gate control device is configured to control start and stop of the laser 1, the first photodetector, and the second photodetector according to preset time. The signal acquisition and control module 7 further comprises an embedded computer, and the embedded computer is used for receiving the digital counting result and completing data processing according to the digital counting result. The invention improves the integration level of the system and reduces the volume by taking the single photon counting card, the door control device and the embedded computer as the signal acquisition and control module 7.
In an optional embodiment, the all-fiber non-blind-area polarization lidar system further includes a power supply 8, an output end of the power supply 8 is respectively connected to input ends of the power supply 8 of the laser 1, the signal acquisition and control module 7, the S-channel photodetector 601, and the P-channel photodetector 602, and stable operation of each component of the radar system can be ensured through the power supply 8.
Referring to fig. 2, a second aspect of the present invention further provides an atmospheric parameter detection method, including:
and S1, providing an all-fiber non-blind area polarization laser radar system.
In this embodiment, the all-fiber non-blind-area polarization laser radar system includes:
providing a laser, wherein the laser is used for emitting laser beams, and the laser beams form echo signals after returning through the atmosphere;
providing a telescope for acquiring the echo signals;
providing a first optical device for receiving the echo signal collected by the telescope and dividing the echo signal into a first polarization component and a second polarization component;
providing a first photodetector for receiving the first polarization component and converting the first polarization component into a first electrical detection signal;
providing a second photodetector for receiving the second polarization component and converting the second polarization component into a second electrical detection signal.
And S2, detecting the atmospheric parameters by using an all-fiber non-blind area polarization laser radar system.
It should be noted that, other components of the all-fiber non-blind-area polarization lidar system that are not involved in this embodiment may refer to any embodiment of the all-fiber non-blind-area polarization lidar system in the foregoing, and are not described herein again for brevity of the text.
According to the atmospheric parameter detection method provided by the invention, the echo signal is divided into the first polarization component and the second polarization component by utilizing the all-fiber non-blind-area polarization laser radar system, so that the vertical polarization component and the parallel polarization component can be respectively and simultaneously received by the first photoelectric detector and the second photoelectric detector, and the accuracy of a detection result is improved.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included in the following claims and description.
Claims (10)
1. An all-fiber non-blind-zone polarization lidar system, comprising:
the laser is used for emitting laser beams, and the laser beams form echo signals after returning through the atmosphere;
a telescope for acquiring the echo signal;
the first optical device is used for receiving the echo signal collected by the telescope and dividing the echo signal into a first polarization component and a second polarization component;
a first photodetector for receiving the first polarization component and converting the first polarization component into a first electrical detection signal;
a second photodetector for receiving the second polarization component and converting the second polarization component into a second electrical detection signal.
2. The all-fiber non-blind-area polarization lidar system of claim 1, wherein: all-fiber non-blind-area polarization laser radar system further comprises:
the second optical device is used for receiving the laser beam, transmitting the laser beam to the first optical device and then emitting the laser beam to the atmosphere by the telescope; and
the second optic is configured to receive the second polarization component and transmit the second polarization component to the second photodetector.
3. The all-fiber blind-area-free polarized lidar system of claim 2, further comprising:
the first filter is used for receiving the first polarization component, filtering the first polarization component and transmitting the filtered first polarization component to the first photodetector.
4. The all-fiber blind-area-free polarized lidar system of claim 3, further comprising:
a second filter to receive the second polarization component and to filter the second polarization component for transmission to the second photodetector.
5. The all-fiber non-blind-area polarization lidar system of claim 4, wherein: the first filter and the first filter each comprise a fiber band pass filter.
6. The all-fiber non-blind-area polarization lidar system of claim 1, wherein: the second optical device includes a fiber optic circulator.
7. The all-fiber blind-area-free polarized lidar system of claim 2, further comprising:
the signal acquisition and control module is respectively in communication connection with the laser, the first photoelectric detector and the second photoelectric detector;
the signal acquisition and control module is respectively used for controlling the working states of the laser, the first photoelectric detector and the second photoelectric detector.
8. The all-fiber blind-area-free polarized lidar system of claim 7, wherein the signal acquisition and control module comprises
The single photon counting card is used for carrying out digital counting according to the first electric detection signal and the second electric detection signal respectively;
the gate control device is used for controlling the start and stop of the laser, the first photoelectric detector and the second photoelectric detector according to preset time;
and the embedded computer is used for receiving the digital counting result and finishing data processing according to the digital counting result.
9. The all-fiber non-blind-area polarization lidar system according to any of claims 1-8, wherein: the first optical device includes a polarization maintaining fiber beam splitter.
10. An atmospheric parameter detection method, comprising:
providing an all-fiber non-blind polarization lidar system according to any of claims 1-9;
and detecting atmospheric parameters by using the all-fiber non-blind-area polarization laser radar system.
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| CN116068584A (en) * | 2023-03-13 | 2023-05-05 | 武汉聚合光子技术有限公司 | Non-blind area coherent laser radar |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116068584A (en) * | 2023-03-13 | 2023-05-05 | 武汉聚合光子技术有限公司 | Non-blind area coherent laser radar |
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